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| 1 | Highly efficient derivation of ventricular cardiomyocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells with a distinct epigenetic signature显示文摘从 pluripotent 干细胞导出的 Cardiomyocytes 能在药测试,疾病建模和基于房间的治疗被使用。没有 procardiogenic 生长因素,然而,从 pluripotent 干细胞的 cardiomyogenesis 的效率通常是低的,产生 cardiomyocyte 人口是异构的。这里,我们证明导致的 pluripotent 干细胞( iPSCs )能从鼠科的室的 myocytes ( VM )被导出,并且与从各种各样的体的房间类型导出的 iPSCs 的另外的报告一致,自发地作为与遗传上匹配的胚胎的干细胞(转换字符)或 iPSCs 相比区分 cardiomyocytes 进跳动的显著地更高的倾向从尾巴尖端成纤维细胞导出的 导出VM 的 iPSCs ( ViPSCs )展览。惊人地,导出 ViPSC 的 cardiomyocytes 显示的多数室的显型。在 ViPSCs 的提高的室的 myogenesis 在区别的早阶段经由心血管的祖先的增加的数字被调停。以便从 ViPSCs 调查提高的室的 myogenesis 的机制,我们执行了全球基因表示和 DNA methylation 分析,它揭示了可以涉及在 pluripotent 干细胞指定 VM 命运的不同 epigenetic 签名。 | Huansheng Xu B Alexander Yi Hao Wu Christoph Bock Hongcang Gu Kathy O Lui Joo-Hye C Park Ying Shao Alyssa K Riley Ibrahim J Domian Erding Hu Robert Willette John Lepore Alexander Meissner Zhong Wang Kenneth R Chien | 2012 | Cell Research2012，22，1： | 7 |
| 2 | Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum: An update and implications for treatment显示文摘AIM: To provide an update on the aetiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, staging and management of rectal squamous cell carcinoma(SCC).METHODS: A systematic review was conducted according to the preferred reporting items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A comprehensive search of Ovid MEDLINE was performed with the reference list of selected articles reviewed to ensure all relevant publications were captured. The search strategy was limited to the English language, spanning from 1946 to 2015. A qualitative analysis was undertaken examining patient demographics, clinical presentation, diagnosis, staging, treatment and outcome. The quantitaive analysis was limited to data extracted on treatment and outcomes including radiological, clinical and pathological complete response where available. The narrative and quantitative review were synthesised in concert.RESULTS: The search identified 487 articles in total with 79 included in the qualitative review. The quantitative analysis involved 63 articles, consisting of 43 case reports and 20 case series with a total of 142 individual cases. The underlying pathogenesis of rectal SCC while unclear, continues to be defined, with increasing evidence of a metaplasia-dysplasia-carcinoma sequence and a possible role for human papilloma virus in this progression. The presentation is similar to rectal adenocarcinoma, with a diagnosis confirmed by endoscopic biopsy. Many presumed rectal SCC's are in fact an extension of an anal SCC, and cytokeratin markers are a useful adjunct in this distinction. Staging is most accurately reflected by the tumour-nodemetastasis classification for rectal adenocarcinoma. It involves examining locoregional disease by way of magnetic resonance imaging and/or endorectal ultrasound, with systemic spread excluded by way of computed tomography. Positron emission tomography is integral in the workup to exclude an external siteof primary SCC with metastasis to the rectum. While the optimal treatment remains as yet undefined, recent studies have demonstrated a global shift away from surgery towards definitive chemoradiotherapy as primary treatment. Pooled overall survival was calculated to be 86% in patients managed with chemoradiation compared with 48% for those treated traditionally with surgery. Furthermore, local recurrence and metastatic rates were 25% vs 10% and 30% vs 13% for the chemoradiation vs conventional treatment cohorts.CONCLUSION: The changing paradigm in the treatment of rectal SCC holds great promise for improved outcomes in this rare disease. | Glen R Guerra Cherng H Kong Satish K Warrier Andrew C Lynch Alexander G Heriot Samuel Y Ngan | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2016，8，3： | 5 |
| 3 | Clinical outcomes following salvage Gamma Knife radiosurgery for recurrent glioblastoma显示文摘Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor with a survival prognosis of 14-16 mo for the highest functioning patients. Despite aggressive, multimodal upfront therapies, the majority of GBMs will recur in approximately six months. Salvage therapy options for recurrent GBM(r GBM) are an area of intense research. This study compares recent survival and quality of life outcomes following Gamma Knife radiosurgery(GKRS) salvage therapy. Following a Pub Med search for studies usingGKRS as salvage therapy for malignant gliomas, nine articles from 2005 to July 2013 were identified which evaluated rG BM treatment. In this review, we compare overall survival following diagnosis, overall survival following salvage treatment, progression-free survival, time to recurrence, local tumor control, and adverse radiation effects. This report discusses results for rG BM patient populations alone, not for mixed populations with other tumor histology grades. All nine studies reported median overall survival rates(from diagnosis, range:16.7-33.2 mo; from salvage, range:9-17.9 mo). Three studies identified median progression-free survival(range:4.6-14.9 mo). Two showed median time to recurrence of GBM. Two discussed local tumor control. Six studies reported adverse radiation effects(range:0%-46% of patients). The greatest survival advantages were seen in patients who received GKRS salvage along with other treatments, like resection or bevacizumab, suggesting that appropriately tailored multimodal therapy should be considered with each rG BM patient. However, there needs to be a randomized clinical trial to test GKRS for rG BM before the possibility of selection bias can be dismissed. | Erik W Larson Halloran E Peterson Wayne T Lamoreaux Alexander R MacKay Robert K Fairbanks Jason A Call Jonathan D Carlson Benjamin C Ling John J Demakas Barton S Cooke Christopher M Lee | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，2： | 5 |
| 4 | Vertebroplasty versus conservative treatment in acute osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (Vertos II): an open-label randomised trial显示文摘 | Caroline AH Klazen Paul NM Lohle Jolanda de Vries Frits H Jansen Alexander V Tielbeek Marion C Blonk Alexander Venmans Willem Jan J van Rooij Marinus C Schoemaker Job R Juttmann Tjoen H Lo Harald JJ Verhaar Yolanda van der Graaf Kaspar J van Everdingen Al | 2010 | 2010 (9746)2010，，9746： | 2 |
| 5 | Classification cri- teria for Sjogren5 s syndrome:a revised version of the Euro- pean criteria proposed by the American-European Consensus Group显示文摘 | VITALI C BOMBARDIERI S JONSSON R MOUTSOPOULOS HM ALEXANDER EL CARSONS SE | 2002 | Ann Rheum Dis2002，61，6： | 1 |
| 6 | Synthesis of a-hydroxyphosphonates phosphonates using a solid supported base 显示文摘 | Alexander C W Albiniak P A Gibson L R | 2000 | Phosphorus Sulfur and Silicon ( S1042-6507 )2000，167，： | 1 |
| 7 | Sediment accumu lation in a modern epieontinental-shelf setting: the Yellow Sea 显示文摘 | Alexander C R DeMaster D J Nittrouer C A | 1991 | Marine Geology1991，98，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Sexual arousal and organs in women:effect of spinal cord injury显示文摘 | Sipski M L Alexander C J Rosen R | 2001 | Ann Neurol2001，49，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Coordinate gene activity in response to agents that in- duce systemic acquired resistance显示文摘 | WARD E R UKNESS S J WILLIAMS S C DINCHER S S WIEDER- HOLD D L ALEXANDER D C AHL-GOY P METRAUX J P RYALS J A | 1991 | Plant Cell1991，3，10： | 1 |
| 10 | Improvements in 230Th dating, 230Th and 254U half-life values, and U Th isotopic measurements by multi--collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy 显示文摘 | Cheng H Edwards R L Shen C C Po Asrnerom Y Woodhed J Hellstrom J Wang Y Kon6 X Spotl C Wang X Alexander Jr E C | 2013 | Earth and Planetary Science Letters2013，3713，72： | 1 |
| 11 | Sediment ac cumulation in a modern epicontinental shelf setting: The Yellow Sea显示文摘 | Alexander C R DeMaster D J Nittrouer C A | 1991 | Marine Geology1991，98，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Preliminary evaluation of hemagglutination and hemagglutination inhibition tests for avian infectious bronchitis virus显示文摘 | ALEXANDER D J BRACEWELL C D GOUGH R E | 1976 | Avian Pathology1976，5，： | 1 |
| 13 | Manufacturing Technology 显示文摘 | Alexander J M Brewer R C Rowe G W | 1999 | Tribology Transactions1999，59，2： | 1 |
| 14 | An- tithrombotic therapy in heparin-induced thrombocytope- nia: guidelines translated for the clinician 显示文摘 | Hess C N Becker R C Alexander J H | 2012 | J Thromb Thrombolysis2012，34，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Use of geostatistical and crop growth modelling to ~ssess the v~ability of greenhou~ tomato yield caused by spatial temperature variations显示文摘 | BOJACA C R GIL R ALEXANDER C | 2009 | Computers and Electronics in Agriculture2009，65，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Ecosystem services:Benefits supplied to human societies by natural ecosystems显示文摘 | DAILY G C ALEXANDER S EHRLICH P R | 1997 | Issues in Ecology 21997，2，： | 1 |
| 17 | Computer simulation training enhances patient comfort during endoscopy显示文摘 | Sedlack R E Kolars J C Alexander J A | 2004 | Clin Gas- troenterol Hepatol2004，2，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Interaction of carboxylic acids with the oxyhydroxide surface of aluminium: poly(acrylic acid), acetic acid and propionic acid on pseudoboehmite 显示文摘 | ALEXANDER M R BEAMSON G BLOMFIELD C J | 2001 | Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena2001，121，13： | 1 |
| 19 | Imprinted polymers as protecting groups for regioselective modification of polyfunctional substrates显示文摘 | Smith C R Whitcombe M J | 1999 | J Am Chem Soc1999，12，28： | 1 |
| 20 | Experimental evaluation of a rotor oriented control algorithm for brushless doubly-fed ma- chines显示文摘 | ZHOU D SPEE R ALEXANDER G C | 1997 | IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics1997，12，1： | 1 |
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