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| 1 | Use and application of CFC-11,CFC-12,CFC-113 and SF6 as environmental tracers of groundwater residence time:A review显示文摘Groundwater residence time is a fundamental property of groundwater to understand important hydrogeological issues,such as deriving sustainable abstraction volumes,or,the evolution of groundwater quality.The anthropogenic trace gases chlorofluorocarbons (CFC-11,CFC-12 and CFC-113) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) are ideal in this regard because they have been released globally at known rates and become dissolved in groundwater following Henry’s Law,integrating over large spatial (global) and temporal (decades) scales.The CFCs and SF6 are able to date groundwater up to w100 years old with the caveat of certain simplifying assumptions.However,the inversion of environmental tracer concentrations (CFCs and SF6) to derive groundwater age rests on the accurate determination of groundwater recharge parameters,namely temperature,elevation,salinity and excess air,in addition to resolving the potential for contamination,degradation and unsaturated zone effects.This review explores the fundamentals of CFC-11,CFC-12,CFC-113 and SF6 as environmental tracers of groundwater age and recommends complementary techniques throughout.Once this relatively simple and inexpensive technique has been used to determine initial concentrations at the recharge zone,setting the groundwater dating ‘clock’ to zero,this review then explores the meaning of groundwater ‘age’ in relation to measured environmental tracer concentrations.It is shown that the CFCs and SF6 may be applied to a wide-range of hydrogeological problems and suggests that environmental tracers are particularly powerful tools when integrated with numerical flow and transport models. | L.A. Chambers D.C. Gooddy A.M. Binley | 2019 | Geoscience Frontiers2019，10，5： | 6 |
| 2 | Epidemics,Convergence,and Common Prosperity:Evidence from China显示文摘This article investigates the impact of previous epidemics on rural development and convergence,and identifies the impacts mechanism based on convergence tests.Using a balanced panel of 31 provinces,the empirical results from 2002 to 2019 show that epidemics decelerated convergence in rural per capita income.The mechanism analysis shows that the accelerated divergence in wages and the decelerated convergence in business income were the major drivers,which also led to decelerated convergence in rural per capita consumption.Although epidemics have not threatened rural food consumption and the Engel coefficient of rural households,these two indicators of basic living needs have failed to achieve convergence across regions.The overall impact of an epidemic on convergence in rural-urban income disparity has also been insignificant,indicating that epidemics have affected rural and urban development simultaneously.Finally,COVID-19 is likely to decelerate convergence in rural income,rural consumption,and urban income. | Zesen Qian Lingran Yuan Shuo Wang Qizheng Zhang Binlei Gong | 2021 | China & World Economy2021，29，6： | 2 |
| 3 | Synthesis of Polyphenylenes through Bergman Cyclization of Enediynes with Long Chain Alkyl Groups显示文摘Several new enediynes with long chain alkyl groups were synthesized through Sonogashira coupling reactions between long chain alkynes and(Z)-1,2-dichloroethene. These enediynes(1) were then subjected to thermal Bergman cyclization in a refluxing diphenyl ether bath under vacuum to obtain conjugated polyphenylenes with the weight-average molecular weights up to 4.9 × 103 g·mol·1. The occurrence of Bergman cyclization was confirmed by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and IR spectroscopic analysis. These polyphenylenes are fully soluble in common organic solvents and exhibit good thermal stability. The optical properties of the polyphenylenes were investigated by UV-Vis absorption and photoluminescence(PL) spectroscopies. A blue emission was observed for all these polyphenylenes. | Shiyuan Sun Luhua Dong Depeng Song Binlei Huang 胡爱国 | 2015 | Chinese Journal of Polymer Science2015，33，1： | 2 |
| 4 | An adenovirus vector regulated by hypoxia for the treatment of ischaemic disease and cancer 显示文摘 | Iqball S Kingsman A Kingsman S Naylor S | 1999 | Gene Ther1999，6，10： | 1 |
| 5 | Characterization of physiologically regulated vectors for the treatment of ischemic disease 显示文摘 | Boast K Binley K Iqball S | 1999 | Hum Gene Ther1999，10，13： | 1 |
| 6 | Cross-hole electrical imaging of a controlled saline tracer,injection显示文摘 | Slater L Binley A M Daily W | 2000 | Journal of Applied Geophysics2000，，44： | 1 |
| 7 | Imaging brilliant blue stained soil by means of electrical resistivity tomography 显示文摘 | KOESTEL J KASTEEL R KEMNA A ESSER O JAVAUX M BINLEY A VEREECKEN H | 2009 | Vadose Zone J2009，8，： | 1 |
| 8 | The future of distributed models: model cali- bration and uncertainty prediction 显示文摘 | Beven K J Binley A M | 1992 | Hydrological Processes1992，，6： | 1 |
| 9 | Electrical resistance tomography显示文摘 | Daily W Ramirez A Binley A 等 | 2004 | The Leading Edge2004，23，5： | 1 |
| 10 | Relationship between spectral induced polarization and hydraulic properties of saturated and un- saturated sandstone 显示文摘 | Binley A Slater L Fukes M | 2005 | Water resources research2005，41，： | 1 |
| 11 | The future of distributed models: Model calibration and uncertainty predication显示文摘 | Beven K Binley A | 1992 | Hydrological Process1992，6，： | 1 |
| 12 | The future of distributed models:Model calibration and uncertainty prediction显示文摘 | BEVEN K J BINLEY A M | 1992 | Hydrological Processes1992，6，3： | 1 |
| 13 | EIAV vector-mediated delivery of endostatin or angiostatin inhibits angiogenesis and vascular hyperpermeability in experimental CNV显示文摘 | Balaggan KS Binley K Esapa M MacLaren RE Iqball S Duran Y | 2006 | Gene Ther2006，13，15： | 1 |
| 14 | determination of hydraulically conductivity pathways in fractured limestone using cross-borehole electrical resistivity tomography 显示文摘 | Slater L D Brown D Binley A M | 1996 | European Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics1996，1，： | 1 |
| 15 | Geophysical characterisation of riverbed hydrostratigraphy usingelectrical resistance tomogr-aphy显示文摘 | CLIFFORD J BINLEY A | 2010 | Near Surface Geophysics2010，8，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Hypoxia-mediated tumour targeting显示文摘 | Binley K Askham Z Martin L | 2003 | Gene Ther2003，10，7： | 1 |
| 17 | Flow pathways in porous media: electrical resistance tomography and dye staining image verification 显示文摘 | Binley A Shaw B | 1996 | Measurement Science and Teehnology1996，7，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Cross - hole electrical imaging of a controlled saline tracer injection显示文摘 | Slater L Binley A M Daily W | 2000 | Journal of Applied Geophysics2000，40，23： | 1 |
| 19 | The future of distributed models: model calibration and uncertainty prediction显示文摘 | Beven K J Binley A | 1992 | Hydrological Processes1992，6，： | 1 |
| 20 | Seasonal variation of moisture content in unsaturated sandstone inferred from borehole radar and resistivity profiles显示文摘 | Binley A Winship P West LJ Pokar M Middleton R | 2002 | Journal of Hydrology2002，267，3： | 1 |
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