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| 1 | 2018年急性缺血性卒中患者早期管理指南美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会为医疗专业人员制定的指南显示文摘背景和目的本指南旨在在单个文件中为治疗成年急性动脉性缺血性卒中患者的临床医生提供最新全面的系列推荐意见。目标读者为院前急救人员、医生、综合医疗保健人员和医院管理人员。本指南将取代2013年版指南及其后续更新。方法写作组成员由美国心脏协会卒中委员会的科学声明监督委员任命,代表各领域的医学专家。严格遵循美国心脏协会的利益冲突原则。不允许写作组成员对存在企业利益关系的相关议题进行讨论或投票。所有推荐意见必须得到写作组成员的一致通过,除非企业利益关系妨碍了成员投票。由4名同行评议专家以及卒中委员会的科学声明监督委员会和领导委员会成员对指南草案进行发布前评审。本指南采用了美国心脏病学学会/美国心脏协会2015年推荐意见分类和证据级别标准以及新版美国心脏协会指南格式。结果本指南详细介绍了院前医疗、紧急和急诊评估、静脉和血管内治疗以及院内管理,包括在发病后最初2周内启用的二级预防措施。本指南支持院前和院内卒中医疗系统的一体化概念。结论本指南基于目前可获得的最佳证据。然而,许多情况资料有限,迫切需要对急性缺血性卒中的治疗进行持续研究。 | William J. Powers Alejandro A. Rabinstein Teri Ackerson Opeolu M. Adeoye Nicholas C. Bambakidis Kyra Becker José Biller Michael Brown Bart M. Demaerschalk Brian Hoh Edward C. Jauch Chelsea S. Kidwell Thabele M. Leslie-Mazwi Bruce Ovbiagele Phillip A. Scott Kevin N. Sheth Andrew M. Southerland Deborah V. Summers David L. Tirschwell 徐加平 刘慧慧 张霞 石际俊 黄志超 尤寿江 郭志良 肖国栋 杜万良 曹勇军 | 2018 | 国际脑血管病杂志2018，26，2： | 19 |
| 2 | 2019年急性缺血性卒中患者早期管理指南:针对2018年急性缺血性卒中早期管理指南的更新美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会为医疗专业人员制定的指南显示文摘背景和目的本指南旨在在单个文件中为治疗急性动脉性缺血性卒中患者的临床医生提供最新的全面系列推荐意见。目标读者为院前急救人员、医生、综合医疗保健人员以及医院管理人员。本指南将取代2013年版急性缺血性卒中(acute ischemic stroke,AIS)指南,同时也是对2018年版AIS指南的更新。方法写作组成员由美国心脏协会(American Heart Association,AHA)卒中委员会的科学声明监督委员会任命,代表各领域的医学专家。写作组成员不得对存在企业利益关系的相关议题进行讨论或投票。对2013年版AIS指南的更新最初于2018年1月发表,该版指南已经过AHA科学咨询与协调委员会以及AHA执行委员会批准。2018年4月,在删除部分推荐意见后,该指南的修订版在AHA网站上在线发表。要求写作组审查原始文件并在必要时进行修订。2018年6月,写作组提交了一份经过细微更改并纳入新近发表的重要随机对照试验(受试者数量>100名且具有AIS发病后至少90 d的临床转归)的文件。经过14位专家进行同行评议后,写作组根据同行评议专家的意见进行了适当修改。目前的最终文件已经过写作组全体成员(除非企业利益关系妨碍了成员投票)以及AHA管理机构批准。本指南采用了美国心脏病学学会/AHA 2015年推荐意见分类和证据级别标准以及新版AHA指南格式。结果本指南详细介绍了院前医疗、紧急和急诊评估、静脉和血管内治疗以及院内管理,包括在发病后最初2周内启用的二级预防措施。本指南支持院前和院内卒中医疗系统的一体化概念。结论本指南基于现有证据提供了总体推荐意见,用于指导治疗成年急性动脉性缺血性卒中患者的临床医生。然而,许多情况资料有限,迫切需要对AIS的治疗进行持续研究。 | William J.Powers Alejandro A.Rabinstein Teri Ackerson Opeolu M.Adeoye Nicholas C.Bambakidis Kyra Becker Jose Biller Michael Brown Bart M.Demaerschalk Brian Hoh Edward C.Jauch Chelsea S.Kidwell Thabele M.Leslie-Mazwi Bruce Ovbiagele Phillip A.Scott Kevin N.Sheth Andrew M.Southerl Deborah V.Summers Tirschwell 徐加平(译) 庄圣(译) 郭志良(译) 黄志超(译) 尤寿江(译) 刘慧慧(译) 张霞(译) 石际俊(译) 肖国栋(译) 曹勇军(译) 刘春风(译) | 2020 | 国际脑血管病杂志2020，28，1： | 18 |
| 3 | The joint automated repository for various integrated simulations (JARVIS) for data-driven materials design显示文摘The Joint Automated Repository for Various Integrated Simulations(JARVIS)is an integrated infrastructure to accelerate materials discovery and design using density functional theory(DFT),classical force-fields(FF),and machine learning(ML)techniques.JARVIS is motivated by the Materials Genome Initiative(MGI)principles of developing open-access databases and tools to reduce the cost and development time of materials discovery,optimization,and deployment. | Kamal Choudhary Kevin F.Garrity Andrew C.E.Reid Brian DeCost Adam J.Biacchi Angela R.Hight Walker Zachary Trautt Jason Hattrick-Simpers A.Gilad Kusne Andrea Centrone Albert Davydov Jie Jiang Ruth Pachter Gowoon Cheon Evan Reed Ankit Agrawal Xiaofeng Qian Vinit Sharma Houlong Zhuang Sergei V.Kalinin Bobby G.Sumpter Ghanshyam Pilania Pinar Acar Subhasish Mandal Kristjan Haule David Vanderbilt Karin Rabe Francesca Tavazza | 2020 | npj Computational Materials2020，，1： | 10 |
| 4 | Glutamate transporters, EAAT1 and EAAT2, are potentially important in the pathophysiology and treatment of schizophrenia and affective disorders显示文摘Glutamate is the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter in the human brain and it has been shown that prolonged activation of the glutamatergic system leads to nerve damage and cell death. Following release from the pre-synaptic neuron and synaptic transmission, glutamate is either taken up into the presynaptic neuron or neighbouring glia by transmembrane glutamate transporters. Excitatory amino acid transporter(EAAT) 1 and EAAT2 are Na+-dependant glutamate transporters expressed predominantly in glia cells of the central nervous system. As the most abundant glutamate transporters, their primary role is to modulate levels of glutamatergic excitability and prevent spill over of glutamate beyond the synapse. This role is facilitated through the binding and transportation of glutamate into astrocytes and microglia. The function of EAAT1 and EAAT2 is heavily regulated at the levels of gene expression, post-transcriptional splicing, glycosylation states and cell-surface trafficking of the protein. Both glutamatergic dysfunction and glial dysfunction have been proposed to be involved in psychiatric disorder. This review will present an overview of the roles that EAAT1 and EAAT2 play in modulating glutamatergic activity in the human brain, and mount an argument that these two transporters could be involved in the aetiologies of schizophrenia and affective disorders as well as represent potential drug targets for novel therapies for those disorders. | Georgia M Parkin Madhara Udawela Andrew Gibbons Brian Dean | 2018 | World Journal of Psychiatry2018，8，2： | 9 |
| 5 | Comparison of 1,800 Laparoscopic and Open Partial Nephrectomies for Single Renal Tumors显示文摘 | Inderbir S. Gill Louis R. Kavoussi Brian R. Lane Michael L. Blute Denise Babineau J. Roberto Colombo Igor Frank Sompol Permpongkosol Christopher J. Weight Jihad H. Kaouk Michael W. Kattan Andrew C. Novick | 2007 | The Journal of Urology2007，，1： | 5 |
| 6 | 大堡礁和大峡谷世界遗产区的适应性管理显示文摘关于人类和环境相互关系的传统观念正在迅速改变。那种认为人类与自然是相互隔离的,自然资源是取之不尽用之不竭的,而且认为世界是稳定的、可以预测的并且是平衡的旧观点已经过时了。在动态的社会-生态景观中强调学习和灵活性管理为基础的适应性方法的新的理念框架已经迅速初现端倪。我们以两个典型的世界遗产地区(大堡礁和大峡谷)为案例来研究如何在自然资源管理中通过改善科学和社会两个方面的结合来指导多尺度管理系统的变革从而应对和处理人类越来越占据主导的世界中出现的不确定性、风险和变化。 | Terence P.Hughes Lance H.Gunderson Carl Folke Andrew H.Baird David Bellwood Fikret Berkes Beatrice Crona Ariella Helfgott Heather Leslie Jon Norberg Magnus Nystrm Per Olsson Henrik sterblom Marten Scheffer Heidi Schuttenberg Robert S.Steneck Maria Teng Max Troell Brian Walker James Wilson Boris Worm 丁莉 | 2007 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2007，36，B11： | 4 |
| 7 | ITGA2 promotes expression of ACLY and CCND1 in enhancing breast cancer stemness and metastasis显示文摘Cancer metastasis is largely incurable and accounts for 90%of breast cancer deaths,especially for the aggressive basal-like or triple negative breast cancer(TNBC).Combining patient database analyses and functional studies,we examined the association of integrin family members with clinical outcomes as well as their connection with previously identified microRNA regulators of metastasis,such as miR-206 that inhibits stemness and metastasis of TNBC.Here we report that the integrin receptor CD49b-encoding ITGA2,a direct target of miR-206,promotes breast cancer stemness and metastasis.ITGA2 knockdown sup-pressed self-renewal related mammosphere formation and pluripotency marker expression,in-hibited cell cycling,compromised migration and invasion,and therefore decreased lung metastasis of breast cancer.ITGA2 overexpression reversed miR-206-caused cell cycle arrest in G1.RNA sequencing analyses revealed that ITGA2 knockdown inhibits genes related to cell cycle regulation and lipid metabolism,including CCND1 and ACLY as representative targets,respectively.Knockdown of CCND1 or ACLY inhibits mammosphere formation of breast cancer cells.Overexpression of CCND1 rescues the phenotype of ITGA2 knockdown-induced cell cycle arrest.ACLY-encoded ATP citrate lyase is essential to maintain cellular acetyl-CoA levels.CCND1 knockdown further mimics 1TGA2 knodkdown in abolishing lung colonization of breast cancer cells.We identified that the low levels of miR-206 as well as high expression levels of 1TGA2,ACLY and CCND1 are associated with an unf avor able relapse-free survival of the pa-tients with estrogen receptor-negative or high grade breast cancer,especially basal-like or TNBC,possibly serving as potential biomarkers of cancer stemness and thera peutic targets of breast cancer metastasis. | Valery Adorno-Cruz Andrew D.Hoffmann Xia Liu Nurmaa K.Dashzeveg Rokana Taftaf Brian Wray Ruth A.Keri Huiping Liu | 2021 | Genes & Diseases2021，8，4： | 4 |
| 8 | Nat Genet:单基因突变导致过敏性皮炎的发生显示文摘最近,研究者们鉴定出了一类导致神经性皮炎发生的关键基因突变:CARDll。来自美国NIH过敏与传染病研究所的研究者们通过对四个没有血缘关系的患病家庭进行分析,发现了这一导致疾病产生的基因、 | Chi A Ma, Yuan Zhang, Michael A Weinreich, Jonathan J Lyons, Celeste G Nelson, Thomas DiMaggio, Kelly D Stone, Joshua D Milner Jeffrey R Stinson, Elisa Ruffo, Batsukh Dorjbal, Swadhinya Arjunaraja, Kelsey Voss, Andrew L Snow Jordan K Abbott, Pia J Hauk, Paul R Reynolds, Erwin W Gelfand Elisa Ruffo Salomé Glauzy, Natsuko Yamakawa, Eric Meffre Jennifer Stoddard, Julie Niemela, Sergio D Rosenzweig Yu Zhang, Helen F Matthews Joshua J McElwee Nina Jones Alejandro Palma, Matías Oleastro, Emma Prieto, Andrea R Bernasconi, Geronimo Dubra, Silvia Danielian, Jonathan Zaiat, Marcelo A Marti Brian Kim Megan A Cooper Neil Romberg | 2017 | 现代生物医学进展2017，17，27： | 3 |
| 9 | Guidelines for the Management of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Guideline for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association显示文摘 | E. Sander Connolly Alejandro A. Rabinstein J. Ricardo Carhuapoma Colin P. Derdeyn Jacques Dion Randall T. Higashida Brian L. Hoh Catherine J. Kirkness Andrew M. Naidech Christopher S. Ogilvy Aman B. Patel B. Gregory Thompson Paul Vespa | 2012 | Stroke2012，，6： | 3 |
| 10 | The Practice of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation in subSaharan Africa and Antarctica:A White Paper or a Black Mark?显示文摘Objective:To explore the practice of PM&R in subSaharan Africa and Antarctica.Method:Medline searches,membership data searches,fax survey of medical schools,Internet searches,and interviews with experts.Result:The continents are dissimilar in terms of climate and government.However both Antarctica and subSaharan Africa have no PM&R training programs,no professional organizations,no specialty board requirements,and no practicing physicians in the field.Since there is no known disabled child on Antarctica and adults are airlifted to world-class health care,the consequences of this deficit are minimal there.However the 788,000,000 permanent residents of subSaharan Africa including approximately 78 million persons with disability are left unserved.Conclusion:Antarctica is doing fine.Africa is in a crisis.Local medical schools,hospitals doctors,and persons with disability;along with foreign volunteers,aid groups,and policymakers can impact the crisis.However government-specifically national ministries of health-is ultimately responsible for the health and wellbeing of citizens. | Andrew J. Haig MD Jonathan Im Ayodeji Adewole, MD Virgina S. Nelson, MD, M.P.H Brian Krabak, MD, M.B.A. | 2009 | 中国康复医学杂志2009，24，5： | 3 |
| 11 | Suppression of tumour-specific CD4+ T cells by regulatory T cells is associated with progression of human colorectal cancer显示文摘 | Gareth Betts Emma Jones Syed Junaid Tariq El-Shanawany Martin Scurr Paul Mizen Mayur Kumar Sion Jones Brian Rees Geraint Williams Awen Gallimore Andrew Godkin | 2012 | Gut2012，，8： | 3 |
| 12 | Detection of Circulating Pancreas Epithelial Cells in Patients with Pancreatic Cystic Lesions显示文摘 | Andrew D. Rhim Fredrik I. Thege Steven M. Santana Timothy B. Lannin Trisha N. Saha Shannon Tsai Lara R. Maggs Michael L. Kochman Gregory G. Ginsberg John G. Lieb Vinay Chandrasekhara Jeffrey A. Drebin Nuzhat Ahmad Yu- Xiao Yang Brian J. Kirby Ben Z. Stang | 2013 | Gastroenterology2013，，： | 3 |
| 13 | Local Ablative Therapy of Oligoprogressive Disease Prolongs Disease Control by Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Oncogene-Addicted Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer显示文摘 | Andrew J. Weickhardt Benjamin Scheier Joseph Malachy Burke Gregory Gan Xian Lu Paul A. Bunn Dara L. Aisner Laurie E. Gaspar Brian D. Kavanagh Robert C. Doebele D. Ross Camidge | 2012 | Journal of Thoracic Oncology2012，，12： | 3 |
| 14 | Importance of integrating nanotechnology with pharmacology and physiology for innovative drug delivery and therapy - an illustration with, firsthand examples显示文摘纳米技术在药交货广泛地被使用了改进各种各样的疾病的治疗学的结果。巨大的努力在与他们的生物命运和函数的关系集中于 nanoparticles 的物理化学的性质的新奇 nanoparticles 和描述的开发。然而在这些基于纳米技术的药交货系统的设计和评估,交付的药的药理学并且(patho-) 主人的生理学收到了更少的注意。在这评论,我们讨论集成于使纳米技术能的药交货系统和治疗的设计的重要药理学机制,生理的特征,和病理学的因素。第一手的例子被举由利用 1 为癌症治疗说明如此的综合设计策略的原则和优点)到克服的multidrug抵抗的癌症的药药和 drug-nanomaterial 联合的细胞内部的 synergistic 相互作用, 2 )循环系统到的血流动方向为肺转移最大化药交货到肿瘤 neovasculature 和房间 overexpressing integrin 受体, 3 )装饰 nanocarriers 和 t 的内长的脂蛋白关于在糖尿病管理的申请,一个使纳米技术能的靠近环的胰岛素交货系统被设计在生理地相关的时间规模和葡萄糖层次提供动态胰岛素版本。和另外的研究结果,这些例子建议药理学的相互影响的那利用,(patho-) 生理学和纳米技术是一条灵巧的途径与高效率和翻译潜力开发创新的药交货系统和治疗。 | Rui Xue ZHANG Jason LI Tian ZHANG Mohammad A AMINI Chunsheng HE Brian LU Taksim AHMED HoYin LIP Andrew M RAUTH Xiao Yu WU | 2018 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2018，39，5： | 3 |
| 15 | Senescent human hepatocytes express a unique secretory phenotype and promote macrophage migration显示文摘AIM:To develop a model of stress-induced senescence to study the hepatocyte senescence associated secretory phenotype(SASP).METHODS:Hydrogen peroxide treatment was used to induce senescence in the human Hep G2 hepatocyte cell line.Senescence was confirmed by cytochemical staining for a panel of markers including Ki67,p21,heterochromatin protein 1β,and senescence-associated-β-galactosidase activity.Senescent hepatocytes were characterised by gene expression arrays and quantitative polymerase chain reaction(q PCR),and conditioned media was used in proteomic analyses,a human chemokine protein array,and cell migration assays to characterise the composition and function of the hepatocyte SASP.RESULTS:Senescent hepatocytes induced classical markers of senescence(p21,heterochromatin protein1β,and senescence-associated-β-galactosidase activity);and downregulated the proliferation marker,Ki67.Hepatocyte senescence induced a 4.6-fold increase in total secreted protein(P=0.06)without major alterations in the protein profile.Senescence-induced genes were identified by microarray(Benjamini Hochbergcorrected P<0.05);and,consistent with the increase in secreted protein,gene ontology analysis revealed a significant enrichment of secreted proteins among inducible genes.The hepatocyte SASP included characteristic factors such as interleukin(IL)-8 and IL-6,as well as novel components such as SAA4,IL-32and Fibrinogen,which were validated by q PCR and/or chemokine protein array.Senescent hepatocyteconditioned medium elicited migration of inflammatory(granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor,GM-CSF-derived),but not non-inflammatory(CSF-1-derived)human macrophages(P=0.022),which could contribute to a pro-inflammatory microenvironment in vivo,or facilitate the clearance of senescent cells.CONCLUSION:Our novel model of hepatocyte senescence provides insights into mechanisms by which senescent hepatocytes may promote chronic liver disease pathogenesis. | Katharine M Irvine Richard Skoien Nilesh J Bokil Michelle Melino Gethin P Thomas Dorothy Loo Brian Gabrielli Michelle M Hill Matthew J Sweet Andrew D Clouston Elizabeth E Powell | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，47： | 2 |
| 16 | FOCUS: Future of fecal calprotectin utility study in inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘AIM To evaluate the perspective of gastroenterologists regarding the impact of fecal calprotectin(FC) on the management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).METHODS Patients with known IBD or symptoms suggestive of IBD for whom the physician identified that FC would be clinically useful were recruited. Physicians completed an online 'pre survey' outlining their rationale for the test. After receipt of the test results, the physicians completed an online 'post survey' to portray their perceived impact of the test result on patient management. Clinical outcomes for a subset of patients with follow-up data available beyond the completion of the 'post survey' were collected and analyzed.RESULTS Of 373 test kits distributed, 290 were returned, resulting in 279 fully completed surveys. One hundred and ninety patients were known to have IBD; 147(77%) with Crohn's Disease, 43(21%) Ulcerative Colitis and 5(2%) IBD unclassified. Indications for FC testing included: 90(32.2%) to differentiate a new diagnosis of IBD from Irritable Bowel Syndrome(IBS), 85(30.5%) to distinguish symptoms of IBS from IBD in those known to have IBD and 104(37.2%) as an objective measure of inflammation. FC levels resulted in a change in management 51.3%(143/279) of the time which included a significant reduction in the number of colonoscopies(118) performed(P < 0.001). Overall, 97.5%(272/279) of the time, the physicians found the test sufficiently useful that they would order it again in similar situations. Follow-up data was available for 172 patients with further support for the clinical utility of FC provided.CONCLUSION The FC test effected a change in management 51.3% of the time and receipt of the result was associated with a reduction in the number of colonoscopies performed. | Greg Rosenfeld Astrid-Jane Greenup Andrew Round Oliver Takach Lawrence Halparin Abid Saadeddin Jin Kee Ho Terry Lee Robert Enns Brian Bressler | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，36： | 2 |
| 17 | Transition clinic attendance is associated with improved beliefs and attitudes toward medicine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘AIM To evaluated the differences in knowledge, adherence, attitudes, and beliefs about medicine in adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) attending transition clinics.METHODS We prospectively enrolled patients from July 2012 to June 2013. All adolescents who attended a tertiarycentre-based dedicated IBD transition clinic were invited to participate. Adolescent controls were recruited from university-affiliated gastroenterology offices. Participants completed questionnaires about their disease and reported adherence to prescribed therapy. Beliefs in Medicine Questionnaire was used to evaluate patients' attitudes and beliefs. Beliefs of medication overuse, harm, necessity and concerns were rated on a Likert scale. Based on necessity and concern ratings, attitudes were then characterized as accepting, ambivalent, skeptical and indifferent. RESULTS One hundred and twelve adolescents were included and 59 attended transition clinics. Self-reported adherence rates were poor, with only 67.4% and 56.8% of patients on any IBD medication were adherent in the transition and control groups, respectively. Adolescents in the transition cohort held significantly stronger beliefs that medications were necessary(P = 0.0035). Approximately 20% of adolescents in both cohorts had accepting attitudes toward their prescribed medicine. However, compared to the control group, adolescents in the transition cohort were less skeptical of(6.8% vs 20.8%) and more ambivalent(61% vs 34%)(OR = 0.15; 95%CI: 0.03-0.75; P = 0.02) to treatment.CONCLUSION Attendance at dedicated transition clinics was associated with differences in attitudes in adolescents with IBD. | Nancy Fu Kevan Jacobson Andrew Round Kathi Evans Hong Qian Brian Bressler | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，29： | 2 |
| 18 | Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin for Treatment of Compensated Recurrent Hepatitis C Virus Infection After Liver Transplantation显示文摘 | Michael Charlton Edward Gane Michael P. Manns Robert S. Brown Michael P. Curry Paul Y. Kwo Robert J. Fontana Richard Gilroy Lewis Teperman Andrew J. Muir John G. McHutchison William T. Symonds Diana Brainard Brian Kirby Hadas Dvory-Sobol Jill Denning Sara | 2014 | Gastroenterology2014，，： | 2 |
| 19 | 第16章 温带气旋:气象学100年来的研究核心显示文摘1919年在气象学上是重要的一年,不仅因为美国气象学会成立于这一年,同时还有其他两个原因。其中之一是J.皮叶克尼斯关于温带气旋结构的论文于1919年发表,建立了著名的挪威气旋模型。也是在那一年,一系列会议的举办促进了温带气旋研究所需的国际合作和科学交流组织的形成,这必然包括跨越国界的空间尺度。本章主要描述针对温带气旋的形成、演变和动力过程,它们构成的锋,以及伴随而来的急流和风暴路径进行科学探究的历史。我们将这些现象统称为气象学的核心,因为在此期间,其在促进气象学研究方面发挥着核心作用。这个成果丰硕的世纪使得温带气旋研究成为可能,是因为1)解决不良预报的实际挑战具有巨大的社会经济影响,2)理论、观测和诊断(包括动力模式)的结合提供了改进的物理解释和概念模型,以及3)强有力的国际合作。气旋的概念框架产生于对气旋分类和理解的渴望;它们包括挪威气旋模型和Shapiro-Keyser气旋模型。理解气旋动力学的挑战引申出诸如准地转、斜压不稳定、半地转和锋生等理论框架。预测爆发性温带气旋的挑战尤其带来了新的理论发展,如位势涡度(PV)理论和上游效应。对可预报性的局限性的更深层次的认识源于混沌决定论的演变。最后,观测的洞察力成就了详细的气旋和锋面结构、风暴路径及雨带分类。 | 大卫·舒尔茨 LANCE F.BOSART BRIAN A.COLLE HUW C.DAVIES CHRISTOPHER DEARDEN DANIEL KEYSER OLIVIA MARTIUS PAUL J.ROEBBER W.JAMES STEENBURGH HANS VOLKERT ANDREW C.WINTERS 张萌(编译) 贾朋群(编译) | 2019 | 气象科技进展2019，9，S01： | 2 |
| 20 | A simple scoring system to estimate perioperative mortality following liver resection for primary liver malignancy-the Hepatectomy Risk Score(HeRS)显示文摘Background:Selection of the optimal treatment modality for primary liver cancers remains complex,balancing patient condition,liver function,and extent of disease.In individuals with preserved liver function,liver resection remains the primary approach for treatment with curative intent but may be associated with significant mortality.The purpose of this study was to establish a simple scoring system based on Model for End-stage Liver Disease(MELD)and extent of resection to guide risk assessment for liver resections.Methods:The 2005-2015 NSQIP database was queried for patients undergoing liver resection for primary liver malignancy.We first developed a model that incorporated the extent of resection(1 point for major hepatectomy)and a MELD-Na score category of low(MELD-Na=6,1 point),medium(MELD-Na=7-10,2 points)or high(MELD-Na>10,3 points)with a score range of 1-4,called the Hepatic Resection Risk Score(HeRS).We tested the predictive value of this model on the dataset using logistic regression.We next developed an optimal multivariable model using backwards sequential selection of variables under logistic regression.We performed K-fold cross validation on both models.Receiver operating characteristics were plotted and the optimal sensitivity and specificity for each model were calculated to obtain positive and negative predictive values.Results:A total of 4,510 patients were included.HeRS was associated with increased odds of 30-day mortality[HeRS=2:OR=3.23(1.16-8.99),P=0.025;HeRS=3:OR=6.54(2.39-17.90),P<0.001;HeRS=4:OR=13.69(4.90-38.22),P<0.001].The AUC for this model was 0.66.The AUC for the optimal multivariable model was higher at 0.76.Under K-fold cross validation,the positive predictive value(PPV)and negative predictive value(NPV)of these two models were similar at PPV=6.4%and NPV=97.7%for the HeRS only model and PPV=8.4%and NPV=98.1%for the optimal multivariable model.Conclusions:The HeRS offers a simple heuristic for estimating 30-day mortality after resection of primary liver malignancy.More complicated models offer better performance but at the expense of being more difficult to integrate into clinical practice. | Dimitrios Moris Brian I.Shaw Cecilia Ong Ashton Connor Mariya L.Samoylova Samuel J.Kesseli Nader Abraham Jared Gloria Robin Schmitz Zachary W.Fitch Bryan M.Clary Andrew S.Barbas | 2021 | Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition2021，10，3： | 2 |
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