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| 1 | Seasonal water storage change of the Yangtze River basin detected by GRACE显示文摘US-Germany co-sponsered satellite gravimetry mission GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment), launched in March 2002, has been producing monthly time series of Earth gravity models up to degree and order of 120. The GRACE mission consists of two identical satellites flying on an almost polar orbit with an altitude of about 300-500 km and satelite-to-satellite ranging of about 220 km. Thanks to the payloads of space-borne GPS receivers, accelerometers and high-precision K-band satelite-to-satellite ranging mesurements, GRACE gravity models are expected to achieve more than one order of magnitude of improvement over previous models at spatial scales of a few hundred kilometers or larger. Recovery of surface mass re-distribution based on GRACE’s time-varying gravity models is applied to studies in solid Earth geophysics, oceanography, climatology and geodesy. At secular time scales, GRACE is expected to provide valuable information on global ice changes, whose variations have profound influences on global climate, and in particular, on sea level changes. At seasonal time scales, GRACE is expected to reveal surface water changes with an ac- curacy of less than 1 cm, or ocean bottom pressure changes with an accuracy of less than 1 mbar (1 mbar =102 Pa). These surface mass redistribution measurements would impove our understanding of the global and regional mass and energy cycles that are critical to human life. Using 15 GRACE monthly gravity models covering the period from April 2002 to December 2003, this study compares seasonal water storage changes recovered from GRACE data and hydrology models at global and regional scales, with particular focus on the Yangtze River basin of China. Annual amplitude of 3.4 cm of equivalent water height change is found for the Yangtze River basin with maximum in Spring and Autumn, agreeing with two state-of-the-art hydrology models. The differences between GRACE re- sults and model predictions are less than 1-2 cm. We conclude that satellite gravimetry has huge potentials in monitering water storage changes in large river basins such as Yangtze. | HU Xiaogong1, CHEN Jianli1,2, ZHOU Yonghong1, HUANG Cheng1 & LIAO Xinhao1 1. Center for Astro-geodynamics Research, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, National Astronomical Observatories, Shanghai 200030, China 2. Center for Space Research, University of Texas at Austin, 3925 W. Braker Lane, Suite 200, Austin, TX78750, USA | 2006 | Science China Earth Sciences2006，49，5： | 29 |
| 2 | Immunization with chlamydial plasmid protein pORF5 DNA vaccine induces protective immunity against genital chlamydial infection in mice显示文摘To validate the immune protective efficacy of pORF5 DNA vaccine and to analyze potential mechanisms related to this protection. In this study, pORF5 DNA vaccine was constructed and evaluated for its protective immunity in a mouse model of genital chlamydial infection. Groups of BALB/c mice were immunized intranasally with pORF5 DNA vaccine. Humoral and cell mediated immune responses were evaluated. The clearance ability of chlamydial challenge from the genital tract and the chlamy- dia-induced upper genital tract gross pathology and histopathological characterization were also de- tected. The results showed that the total and the IgG2a anti-pORF5 antibody levels in serum were sig- nificantly elevated after pcDNA3.1-pORF5 vaccination, as were the total antibody and IgA levels in vaginal fluids. pcDNA3.1-pORF5 induced a significantly high level of Th1 response as measured by robust gamma interferon (IFN-γ). Minimal IL-4 was produced by immune T cells in response to the re-stimulation with pORF5 protein or the inactive elementary body in vitro. pcDNA3.1-pORF5-vacci- nated mice displayed significantly reduced bacterial shedding upon a chlamydial challenge and an accelerated resolution of infection. 100% of pcDNA3.1-pORF5 vaccinated mice successfully resolved the infection by day 24. pcDNA3.1-pORF5-immunized mice also exhibited protection against patho- logical consequences of chlamydial infection. The stimulated index was significantly higher than that of mice immunized with pcDNA3.1 and PBS (P<0.05). Together, these results demonstrated that immu- nization with pORF5 DNA vaccine is a promising approach for eliciting a protective immunity against a genital chlamydial challenge. | LI ZhongYu1,2, WANG ShiPing1, Wu YiMou2, ZHONG GuangMing3 & CHEN Ding3 1 Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China 2 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China 3 University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX 78229, USA | 2008 | Science China(Life Sciences)2008，51，11： | 16 |
| 3 | DEGREE OF APPROXIMATION BY SUPERPOSITIONS OF A SIGMOIDAL FUNCTION显示文摘In this paper we study the degree of approximation by superpositions of a sigmoidal function.We mainlyconsider the univariate case.If f is a continuous function,we prove that for any bounded sigmoidalfunction σ,dn,σ(f)≤‖σ‖ω(f,1/(n+1)).For the Heaviside function H(x),we prove that dn,H(f)≤ω(f,1/(2(n+1))).If f is a continuous funnction of bounded variation,we prove that dn,σ(f)≤‖σ‖/(n+1)V(f)and dn,H(f)≤1/(2(n+1))V(f).For he Heaviside function,the coefficient 1 and the approximation orders are the bestpossible.We compare these results with the classical Jackson and Bernstein theorems,and make some conjec-tures for further study. | Chen Debao (University of Texas at Austin,USA) | 1993 | Analysis in Theory and Applications1993，9，3： | 11 |
| 4 | Experimental investigation of time-dependent cavitation in an oscillatory squeeze film显示文摘The occurrence of time-dependent cavitation and tensile stress in an oscillatory oil squeeze film were investigated experimentally. The test apparatus was a simple thrust bearing consisting of two parallel circular plates separated by a thin viscous oil film. During the test, one plate was at rest while the other (transparent) oscillated in a direction normal to its surface. This test configuration was chosen to avoid the rotational motion and complicated geometry of a squeeze film journal bearing. The frequency of oscillation was in the range of 5 to 50 Hz and was controlled by an electro-magnetic exciter. The process of cavity formation and its subsequent development was recorded by a high-speed video camera. Concomitant pressure in the oil film was measured both within and without the cavitation region. It was found that both tensile stress and cavities existed in a squeeze film under certain working conditions. | CHEN Xiaoyang, SUN Meili, WANG Wen, D. C. SUN, ZHANG Zhiming & WANG XiaojingResearch Institute of Bearings, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China Department of Mechanical Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, NY 13902-6000, USA | 2004 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2004，47，z1： | 10 |
| 5 | Genomic research for important pathogenic bacteria in China显示文摘Rapid accumulation of bacterial genomic data offered an unprecedented opportunity to understand bacterial biology from a holistic view of point.We can thus closely look at the way in which a pathogen is evolved,and these data has been applied to molecular epidemiology and microbial forensics,and screening of novel diagnostic,vaccine and drug targets.The newly developed high-throughput low-cost sequencing technologies,such as 454,Solexa and SOLiD,will promote the acquisition and application of genomic data in new research areas that we dared not imagine previously,such as the metagenomics of human gastric-intestinal tract,for better and comprehensive understanding of human health and disease. | YANG RuiFu1,GUO XiaoKui2,YANG Jian3,JIANG YongQiang1,PANG Bo4,CHEN Chen5,YAO YuFeng2,QIN JinHong2 & LI QingTian2 1 Laboratory of Analytical Microbiology,State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity,Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology,Beijing 100071,China 2 Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology,Institutes of Medical Sciences,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025,China 3 State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic engineering,Institute of Pathogen Biology,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100176,China 4 State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China 5 Beijing Genomics Institute at Shenzhen,Shenzhen 518083,China | 2009 | Science China(Life Sciences)2009，52，1： | 8 |
| 6 | On self-nonself discrimination in pattern recognition显示文摘Wide distribution and broad reactivity are cardinal features of pattern recognition receptors that allow rapid mobiliza-tion of large numbers of effectors to deal with pathogens.However, these features come with significant baggage as the receptors have been shown to interact with many intra-cellular components, collectively called | LIU Yang1,2,CHEN GuoYun2,ZHENG Pan2 & TANG Jie11 Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity,Institute of Biophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China 2Departments of Surgery,Internal Medicine and Pathology,University of Michigan at Ann Arbor,MI48109,USA | 2010 | Science China(Life Sciences)2010，53，2： | 7 |
| 7 | Human Genomics in China——Ten Years Endeavor:From Planning to Implementation显示文摘Ten years ago, the Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai (South Center,hereafter) was established in the Zhangjiang | CHEN Zhu and ZHAO Guo-Ping MOST-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Disease and Health Genomics The Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai The People’s Republic of China | 2009 | Science China(Life Sciences)2009，52，1： | 6 |
| 8 | VEGF-specific siRNAs modified with 2′-deoxy effectively suppress VEGF expression and inhibit growth of nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenograft in a mouse model显示文摘Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is up-regulated in the vast majority of human tumors. The up-regulation of VEGF not only plays important roles in tumor angiogenesis, but also provides a target for tumor treatment with small interfering RNA (siRNA) that targets VEGF; however, it is unclear whether a quite high up-regulation of VEGF will affect the efficiency of RNA interference strategies targeting VEGF. A high level expression of VEGF was found in CNE cells from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line. In this study, we investigate whether VEGF-specific siRNAs can effectively suppress VEGF expression in CNE cells, and study the methods for the use of VEGF-specific siRNAs as potential therapeutic agents. CNE cells with high VEGF expression induced by hypoxia were transfected with VEGF-specific siRNAs. The expression of VEGF was effectively suppressed by VEGF-specific siRNAs, measured by ELISA, Western blot analysis and RT-PCR. Furthermore, experiments in nude mice bearing nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenograft were initiated 5 d after injection of CNE cells. VEGF-specific siRNAs were modified with 2′-deoxy, then injected into the tumors, and a liposome-mediated siRNA transfection system and ultrasound exposure were used to help delivery of the siRNAs. Tumor growth was reduced significantly after 3 weeks' treatment. These studies suggest that VEGF-specific siRNAs still can effectively suppress VEGF expression even in tumor cell lines with a relatively high level of VEGF expression, such as CNE, and VEGF-specific siRNAs modified with 2′-deoxy can be used as potential agents for tumor therapy. | CHEN ShanYi1, GAO GuoFeng1, CHEN Wei1, Lü Qing2, TANG Shen2, HUA Zhong2, YE WenBin2, GU DaYong2, WANG ShaYan1 & ZHANG YaOu2 1 Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, China 2 Life Science Division, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China | 2008 | Science China(Life Sciences)2008，51，2： | 6 |
| 9 | THE INITIAL-BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS OF NONLINEAR AND NONLOCAL SINGULARLY PERTURBED REACTION DIFFUSION SYSTEM显示文摘In this paper the initial-boundary value problem for nonlocal singularly perturbed reaction diffusion system are considered.Using the iterative method and the compa- rison theorem,the existence and asymptotic behavior of the solution for the problem are studied. | Liu Shude~1 Chen Lihua~2 Mo Jiaqi~(1,3) (1.Dept.of Math.,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241000,Anhui 2.Dept.of Math.,Fuqing Branch of Fujian Normal University,Fuqing 350300,Fujian 3.Division of Computational Science,E-Institutes of Shanghai Universities,at SJTU,Shanghai 200240) | 2008 | Annals of Differential Equations2008，24，1： | 5 |
| 10 | Short exposure to paclitaxel induces multipolar spindle formation and aneuploidy through promotion of acentrosomal pole assembly显示文摘Paclitaxel is a widely used microtubule drug and cancer medicine. Here we report that by short exposure to paclitaxel at a low dose, multipolar spindles were induced in mitotic cells without centrosome amplification. Both TPX2 depletion and Aurora-A overexpression antagonized the multipolarity. Live cell imaging showed that some paclitaxel-treated cells accomplished multipolar cell division and a portion of the daughter cells went on to the next round of mitosis. The surviving cells grew into clones with varied genome content. The results indicated that an aneuploidy population could be induced by short exposure to paclitaxel at a low dose, implicating potential side effects of paclitaxel. | BIAN MingLei1, FU JingYan1, YAN Yan1, CHEN Qiang1, YANG Chao2, SHI QingHua2,JIANG Qing1 & ZHANG ChuanMao1 1MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation and the State Key Laboratory of Bio-membrane and Membrane Bio-engineering, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China 2Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China | 2010 | Science China(Life Sciences)2010，53，11： | 3 |
| 11 | Structure comparisons of Aedes albopictus densovirus with other parvoviruses显示文摘Parvoviridae is a family of the smallest viruses known with a wide variety of hosts. The capsid structure of the Aedes albopictus C6/36 cell densovirus (C6/36 DNV) at 1.2-nm resolution was obtained by elec-tron cryomicroscopy (cryoEM) and three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction. Structure compari-sons between the C6/36 DNV and other parvoviruses reveal that the degree of structural similarity be-tween C6/36 DNV and the human parvovirus B19 is higher than that between C6/36 DNV and other in-sect parvoviruses. The amino acid sequence comparisons of structural and non-structural proteins also reveal higher levels of similarity between C6/36 DNV and parvovirus B19 than those between C6/36 DNV and other parvoviruses. These findings indicate that C6/36 DNV is closely related to the human virus B19, and the former might evolve from the human species other than from other insect viruses. | CHENG LingPeng1,2, CHEN SenXiong2, Z. H. ZHOU3 & ZHANG JingQiang2 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Bioscience & Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China 2 State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China 3 Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX77030, USA | 2007 | Science China(Life Sciences)2007，50，1： | 3 |
| 12 | The Sequence Architecture of Volcanic Basin Fillings-An Example From Xujiaweizi Faulted Depression In Songliao Basin显示文摘The basin filling geometric pattern of volcanic eruptive rocks depends on both of the eruptive locations in a basin and structural styles of fault terraces. It is divided into three types by eruptive locations and occurrences of eruptive rocks, including the pattern of eruption along fault and occurrence (PEAFO), the pattern of eruption on footwall of a fault and occurrence (PEOFO) and the pattern of eruption on hangingwall of fault and occurrence (PEOHO) in Xujiaweizi fault depression of Songliao basin, Northeast of China. Those basin filling patterns of volcanic eruptive rocks are of specific geometric characteristics controlling or affecting sedimentation, geometry of sedimentary body and sequence architecture during a sequence evolution. The study shows that the volcanic rocks developed at different stages of lowstand, transgressive and highstand can give different controls or affects on the sequence architecture. | CHENG Rihui, LIU Wanzhu, SHAN Xuanlong, WANG Pujun (Faculty of Earth Sciences at Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, P.R.China) CHEN Shumin and QU Yongbao (Daqing Petroleum Bureau Prospecting and Exploration Institute, Daqing, 163712, P.R.China) | 2001 | Global Geology2001，6，2： | 3 |
| 13 | Gaining effciency via weighted estimators for multivariate failure time data显示文摘Multivariate failure time data arise frequently in survival analysis.A commonly used tech-nique is the working independence estimator for marginal hazard models.Two natural questions are how to improve the effciency of the working independence estimator and how to identify the situations under which such an estimator has high statistical effciency.In this paper,three weighted estimators are proposed based on three different optimal criteria in terms of the asymptotic covariance of weighted estimators.Simplifiedclose-form solutions are found,which always outperform the working indepen-dence estimator.We also prove that the working independence estimator has high statistical effciency,when asymptotic covariance of derivatives of partial log-likelihood functions is nearly exchangeable or diagonal.Simulations are conducted to compare the performance of the weighted estimator and work-ing independence estimator.A data set from Busselton population health surveys is analyzed using the proposed estimators. | FAN JianQing1,2,ZHOU Yong2,3,CAI JianWen4 & CHEN Min3 1 Department of Operations Research and Financial Engineering,Princeton University,Princeton,NJ08544,USA 2 Department of Statistics,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai 200433,China 3 Institute of Applied Mathematics,Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science,Chinese Academy of Sci-ences,Beijing 100190,China 4 Department of Biostatistics,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Chapel Hill,NC 27599-7420,USA | 2009 | Science China Mathematics2009，52，6： | 2 |
| 14 | SOURCE RADIATION AND RESPONSES OF WAVE PROPAGATION显示文摘Recordings of seismic waves propagating from earthquake source to a station at the earth’s surface are a system response function. The convolution operator in time domain can be simplified as a multiplication operator in frequency domain. We discuss in frequency domain the separation of source, path and site effects for global scaling of earthquake source radiation. Also discussed are source scaling model, faulting mechanism, and the H/V inversion problems with crustal and near surface structures. Gross features of apparent source spectra appear to be not much region dependent although there may be difference between tectonic styles within a region of tectonic mixture for which we need further study as data accumulate. Vertical spectra may be a better approach to approximate source radiation, as it has less crustal amplification effects than horizontal spectra. The H/V ratio is evidently a comprehensive indicator of amplification effects from near surface to deep structure. This gives it potential as an inversion tool to deduce site crustal structure. | CHEN Sheng zao 1 and Gail M Atkinson 2 (1. Geomatrix Consultants, Inc., 2101 Webster St., 12 th Floor, Oakland, CA 94612, USA, formerly at Dept. Earth Sciences & Ottawa Carleton Geoscience Center, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada 2. Dept. Ea | 2001 | Geotectonica et Metallogenia2001，25，1： | 2 |
| 15 | Statistical study on the relationship between halo CME and coronal dimming显示文摘The data from SOHO/EIT and SOHO/LASCO observations are used to determine the relationship between coronal dimming and full halo CME (coronal mass ejection). The events of full halo CME examined in this study were observed by LASCO co-ronagraphs and taken from the CD AW CME catalog from 1996 to 2008. Dimming events are identified by using difference images taken by EIT at the 195 A passband. We found strong relationship between full halo CMEs and the coronal dimming events, with up to 93.3% of the front-side halo CMEs associated with the EIT 195 A dimming events. Full halo CMEs that show no clear signatures of dimming usually have lower sky plane velocities (<700 km/s) compared to the mean velocity of CMEs associated with dimming. | LIU Kai1, XIA LiDong2, CHEN Yao2 & SONG HongQiang2 1 School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China 2 Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment, School of Space Science and Physics, Shandong University at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China | 2010 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2010，53，7： | 2 |
| 16 | Protein-only' or 'virino' in prion diseases?显示文摘60-year prion and scrapie research has led to a dilemma in understanding the unknown aetiology of the infectious neurodegenerative disorders with intriguing features. Current progress and dilemma in prion research are briefly but critically reviewed. Instead of providing a comprehensive coverage of the research history, attentions in this view are drawn toward both the major breakthrough in the advancement of protein-only hypothesis, and the puzzle why this hypothesis has not been fully accepted. In order to resolve the prion enigma in neuroscience, it is suggested that both technical and concept barriers remain to be crossed. Since prion research is a multi-interdisciplinary subject, this view is intended to both facilitate a bette r understanding of prion phenomenon by more scientists in natural science, and invite scientists outside the fields of molecular genetics and protein science for collaboration. | YANG Chiming (Chi Ming Yang) & CHEN Yi1. Institute for Life Science and Health at UCSD, P.O.Box 12035, La Jolla, CA 92039, USA 2. Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China Correspondence should be addressed to Yang Chiming | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，3： | 2 |
| 17 | Fusion cross-sections for inertial fusion energy 显示文摘 | Li X Z Liu B Chen S el at | 2004 | Laser and Particle Beam2004，22，： | 1 |
| 18 | Short-term effects of desmopressin on water and electrolyte excretion in adults with nocturnal polyuria显示文摘 | Chang YL Lin AT Chen KK | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 19 | Membrane dispersion precipitation method to prepare nanoparticles显示文摘 | Chen G G Luo G S Xu J H et at | 2004 | Powder Technol2004，139，： | 1 |
| 20 | The safety and efficacy of aspirin intake in photoselective vaporization laser treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia显示文摘 | Shao IH Hou CP Chen SM et at | 2013 | Clin Interv Aging2013，8，： | 1 |
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