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| 1 | 牛蒡叶中微量木脂体牛蒡子甙和牛蒡子甙元的分离与鉴定显示文摘建立了分离鉴定牛蒡叶中微量木脂体牛蒡子甙(arctiin)和牛蒡子甙元(arctigenin)的方法。牛蒡叶粗提物经聚酰胺柱提取,浓缩其甲醇洗脱液并于低温下静置析出白色沉淀物。沉淀物用甲醇溶解后经反相高效液相色谱(RP HPLC)分离,纯化得到两个主要组分。经紫外光谱(UV)、红外光谱(FTIR)及电喷雾质谱(ESI MS)检测,并与牛蒡子甙和牛蒡子甙元对照品的UV,LC ESI MS,HPLC及FTIR图谱比较,鉴定两个主要成分为牛蒡子甙和牛蒡子甙元。 | 刘世名 陈靠山 SCHLEMANN Willibald SCHMIDIT Jügen STRACK Dieter | 2003 | 色谱2003，21，1： | 12 |
| 2 | 李希霍芬对中国地质和地球科学的贡献(英文)显示文摘斐迪南·冯·李希霍芬出生于1833年。少年时的教育和生活环境使他对地质学产生了兴趣。当他还是小孩子的时候,就随父母游历了家乡的许多地方,并且利用暑假到阿尔卑斯去旅行。在柏林学习地质学的时候,就显示出他宽厚的知识基础,他很快就意识到对他而言,未来工作的目标就是成为一个科学家。1859年,为了获得财政支持进行欧洲以外地区的研究,李希霍芬申请参加了普鲁士政府向东亚派遣的一支探险队,开始了他最初对中国地质的研究。1862年当探险队的成员开始返回柏林,他独自到了上海开始他自己在中国的研究工作。只是由于太平天国起义,他的计划没能立即实现。1868年新年前夕,他和他的朋友对全球地质勘探的状况做了一个回顾,认为中国无论在科学上,还是在应用上都是最有研究价值的国家之一。于是他选择了中国作为他进行地质研究的对象。在参考大量文献的基础上,他制定了详细的研究方向和工作方法。李希霍芬希望建立一个系统的中国地质学的基础。他认为野外工作是第一位的。除了对可开采的矿床进行了估计,他还特别注意了中国煤炭沉积的储量和产量。在1868到1872年期间,他在中国先后进行了7次旅行。他是第一位对中国地质从基础上进行研究的外国地质学家。旅行的资金有一部分是来自加利福尼亚银行和上海商业会馆。他提交了一份地区经济信息的报告,这个报告包括了中国的交通、贸易路线,煤矿的形成、品位和储量、可采性以及在世界市场上的竞争力等。他重要的科学文献是关于经济、运输和人口地理学。从他的著作《中国》我们可以看出,他对于“丝绸之路”的命名是在汉学家、古典文献学家以及地图学家共同合作研究之前。在综合大量的文献后,他在地图上详细地标注了“丝绸之路”,并且讨论了汉朝及其以后历史时期内中国境内主要的贸易路线。由于丝绸一直都是重要的贸易商品,因此他把这条贸易路线称之为“丝绸之路”。对于社会、经济问题与地质问题的综合认识,使他同时又成为一个地理学家。李希霍芬和德国的地图工作者一起开创了一种新的地形的描绘方法,并且修正了当时的中国地图,使中国地图有了更为详尽的内容。对比当时在中国出版的地图,他们绘制的地图在很多方面是全新的,如他们采用图解法(graphicpresentationsofmontains)来代表山脉和其他的地形形态特征。在地质学领域,他绘制了中国地质图,及《中国地图集》中的地形图,连同后来出版的4卷《中国》书稿中大量的横断面和地层剖面,奠定了中国乃至东亚的地质学基础。但是他从来没有把制图作为他旅行的一个主要目的。对他来说,制图只是作为来证实他的野外观察的一个方法,以尽可能正确地体现出地貌的基本特征。李希霍芬到中国旅行的最主要的目的是研究中国地质。他是第一个把中国地质按着现代组成物的分布、序列,发展成为一个系统。可以认为,他是把中国地质学发展成为一门科学的创始人。古生物学和地层学的知识使他很快就认识到了中国地质结构的原理。他的综合知识使他可以在地图上系统地标绘出他所观察到的现象。他的主要成果集中体现在《中国地图集》中的27张地质图,《中国》书稿中另外14张地质图以及大量的剖面图。另外矿产资源也是他研究的主要的内容。他不仅研究了煤炭资源,同时也经常记录贵金属矿产资源。他是最早注意到中国黄土具有风成特征的地质学家。他在研究黄土剖面时,注意到大部分没有层理的沉积物都保存有大量的陆生软体动物的壳。由此,他得出与前人相反的结论,认为黄土不是湖相沉积物,而是风成沉积物。并以北美大草原所见到的草将粉尘固定的过程作为他风成假设的证据。他认为黄土沉积是草原环境下形成的,当时的植被是草原。并且认识到粉尘来源于西部和北部的中亚的沙漠地区。他只是没能将冰期、间冰期的粉尘沉积加以区分。他研究的另一个科学领域是地貌学。在地貌学中他是最先描述一些地表变化过程的先驱者之一。正如他一直意识到的自然与人类活动的相互关系一样,他同样将地球生态系统看作是地质结构、地貌过程、与气候有关的生态环境和人类活动所组成的一个复合体。他是最早萌生地球系统的科学思想的科学家。李希霍芬对中国的研究起初并没有得到人们的重视。直到他的《中国》出版以后,他对中国地质学和地理学的影响才明显起来:他的著作和地图很快就传入中国,在学术界被广泛地阅读和讨论;他的书是地质学和地理学专业的基础教材。不仅在中国,在世界范围内,他的发现也得到了认可,并获得了很高的评价。19世纪末,世界上没有哪个科学家像他那样了解中国和东亚。他也从一个地质学家成为一个跨越多个学科的大科学家,他的影响在他的那个时代体现在科学领域的很多学科之中。李希霍芬在中国现在仍然有很高的赞誉。他的方法学的研究以及他的《探险家指南》,对于年轻的地质科学工作者,仍然具有指导意义。他的地球系统科学的思想对当前土地退化、生态不平衡等环境问题的解决仍然起着指导性作用。 | Dieter Jkel | 2005 | 第四纪研究2005，25，4： | 6 |
| 3 | Mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells in patients with liver cirrhosis显示文摘AIM:To test the hypothesis that liver cirrhosis is associated with mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells. METHODS:Peripheral blood samples from 72 patients with liver cirrhosis of varying etiology were analyzed by flow cytometry.Identified progenitor cell subsets were immunoselected and used for functional assays in vitro. Plasma levels of stromal cell-derived factor-1(SDF-1) were measured using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS:Progenitor cells with a CD133 + /CD45 + CD14 + phenotype were observed in 61%of th patients.Between 1%and 26%of the peripheral bloo mononuclear cells(MNCs)displayed this phenotype Furthermore,a distinct population of c-kit + progenito cells(between 1%and 38%of the MNCs)could b detected in 91%of the patients.Additionally,18% of the patients showed a population of progenito cells(between 1%and 68%of the MNCs)that wa characterized by expression of breast cancer resistanc protein-1.Further phenotypic analysis disclosed tha the circulating precursors expressed CXC chemokin receptor 4,the receptor for SDF-1.In line with thi finding,elevated plasma levels of SDF-1 were presen in all patients and were found to correlate with th number of mobilized CD133 + progenitor cells. | Ursula M Gehling Marc Willems Kathleen Schlagner Ralf A Benndorf Maura Dandri Jrg Petersen Martina Sterneck Joerg-Matthias Pollok Dieter K Hossfeld Xavier Rogiers | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，2： | 4 |
| 4 | RANK-ligand and osteoprotegerin as biomarkers in the differentiation between periprosthetic joint infection and aseptic prosthesis loosening显示文摘AIM To assess serum levels of RANK-ligand(RANKL) and osteoprotegerin(OPG) as biomarkers for periprosthetic joint infection(PJI) and compare their accuracy with standard tests.METHODS One hundred and twenty patients presenting with a painful total knee or hip arthroplasty with indication for surgical revision were included in this prospective clinical trial. Based on standard diagnostics(joint aspirate, microbiological, and histological samples) and Musculoskeletal Infection Society consensus classification,patients were categorized into PJI, aseptic loosening,and control groups. Implant loosening was assessed radiographically and intraoperatively. Preoperative serum samples were collected and analyzed for RANKL, OPG, calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase(AP), and the bone-specific subform of AP(b AP). Statistical analysis was carried out, testing for significant differences between the three groups and between stable and loose implants. RESULTS All three groups were identical in regards to age, gender, and joint distribution. No statistically significant differences in the serum concentration of RANKL(P = 0.16) and OPG(P = 0.45) were found between aseptic loosening and PJI, with a trend towards lower RANKL concentrations and higher OPG concentrations in the PJI group. The RANKL/OPG ratio was significant for the comparison between PJI and non-PJI(P = 0.005). A ratio > 60 ruled out PJI in all cases(specificity: 100%, 95%CI: 89, 11% to 100.0%) but only 30% of non-PJI patients crossed this threshold. The positive predictive value remained poor at any cut-off. In the differentiation between stable and loose implants, none of the parameters measured(calcium, phosphate, AP, and b AP) showed a significant difference, and only AP and b AP measurements showed a tendency towards higher values in the loosened group(with P = 0.09 for AP and P = 0.19 for b AP). CONCLUSION Lower RANKL and higher OPG concentrations could be detected in PJI, without statistical significance. | Max J Friedrich Matthias D Wimmer Jan Schmolders Andreas C Strauss Milena M Ploeger Hendrik Kohlhof Dieter C Wirtz Sascha Gravius Thomas M Randau | 2017 | World Journal of Orthopedics2017，8，4： | 4 |
| 5 | Systematic review of mini-implant displacement under orthodontic loading显示文摘A growing number of studies have reported that mini-implants do not remain in exactly the same position during treatment, although they remain stable. The aim of this review was to collect data regarding primary displacement immediately straight after loading and secondary displacement over time. A systematic review was performed to investigate primary and secondary displacement. The amount and type of displacement were recorded. A total of 27 studies were included. Sixteen in vitro studies or studies using finite element analysis addressed primary displacement, and nine clinical studies and two animal studies addressed secondary displacement. Significant primary displacement was detected(6.4–24.4 mm) for relevant orthodontic forces(0.5–2.5 N). The mean secondary displacement ranged from 0 to 2.7 mm for entire mini-implants. The maximum values for each clinical study ranged from 1.0 to 4.1 mm for the head, 1.0 to 1.5 for the body and 1.0 to 1.92 mm for the tail part. The most frequent type of movement was controlled tipping or bodily movement. Primary displacement did not reach a clinically significant level. However, clinicians can expect relevant secondary displacement in the direction of force. Consequently, decentralized insertion within the inter-radicular space, away from force direction, might be favourable. More evidence is needed to provide quantitative recommendations. | Manuel Nienkemper Jrg Handschel Dieter Drescher | 2014 | International Journal of Oral Science2014，6，1： | 2 |
| 6 | Mucin and phospholipids determine viscosity of gallbladder bile in patients with gallstones显示文摘AIM An increased viscosity of gallbladder bile has been considered an important factor in the pathogenesis of gallstone disease. Besides lipids and proteins, mucin has been suggested to affect the viscosity of bile. To further clarify these issues we compared mucin, protein and the lipid components of hepatic and gallbladder bile and its viscosity in patients with gallstones.METHODS Viscosity of bile ( mpa. s ) wasmeasured using rotation viscosimetry in regard to the non-Newtonian property of bile at law shear rates.RESULTS Biliary viscosity was markedly higher in gallbladder bile of patients with cholesterol (5.00 ± 0.60 mpa. s, mean ± SEM, n --28) and mixed stones (3.50±0.68 mPa. s; n =8) compared to hepatic bile (0.92 ± 0.06 mpa. s,n -6). A positive correlation between mucin and viscosity was found in gallbladder biles (r=0.65; P<0.001) but not in hepatic biles. The addition of physiologic and supraphysiologic amounts of mucin to gallbladder bile resulted in a dose dependent non linear increase of its viscosity. A positive correlation was determined between phospholipid concentration and viscosity (r = 0.34, P<0.005) in gallbladder biles. However, no correlation was found between total protein or the other lipid concentrations and viscosity in both gallbladder and hepatic biles.CONCLUSION The viscosity of gallbladder bile is markedly higher than that of hepatic bile in patients with gallstones. The concentration of mucin is the major determinant of biliary viscosity and may contribute by this mechanism to the role of mucin in the pathogenesis of gallstones. | Dieter Jüngst Anna Niemeyer Iris Müller Benedikta Zündt Günther Meyer Martin Wilhelmi Reginalddel Pozo | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，2： | 2 |
| 7 | Distinct Types of Tumor-Initiating Cells Form Human Colon Cancer Tumors and Metastases显示文摘 | Sebastian M. Dieter Claudia R. Ball Christopher M. Hoffmann Ali Nowrouzi Friederike Herbst Oksana Zavidij Ulrich Abel Anne Arens Wilko Weichert Karsten Brand Moritz Koch Jürgen Weitz Manfred Schmidt Christof von Kalle Hanno Glimm | 2011 | Cell Stem Cell2011，，4： | 2 |
| 8 | Synthesis of Thioether Phosphocholine Analogues显示文摘 | Dieter B J Herrmann Uwe Bicker | 1987 | Lipids1987，22，： | 1 |
| 9 | Calculation of the nonlinear optical properties of molecules 显示文摘 | Kurtz H A Stewart J J P Dieter K M | 1990 | Journal of Computa- tional Chemistry1990，11，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Genetics of physical wood properties and early growth in a tropical pine hybrid显示文摘 | Shepherd M Cross M Dieters M J | 2003 | Can J For Res2003，33，： | 1 |
| 11 | Defective tight junctions in refractory celiac disease显示文摘 | Michael Schumann Sarah Kamel Marie‐Luise Pahlitzsch Lydia Lebenheim Claudia May Michael Krauss Michael Hummel Severin Daum Michael Fromm J?rg‐Dieter Schulzke | 2012 | Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences2012，，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Regulation of mouse organic anion-transporting polypeptides (Oatps) in liver by prototypical microsomal enzyme inducers that activate distinct transcription factor pathways显示文摘 | Cheng X Maher J Dieter MZ Klaassen CD | 2005 | Drug Metab Dispos2005，33，9： | 1 |
| 13 | 显示文摘 | KURTZ 1t A STEWART J J P DIETER K M | 1990 | J CompChem1990，11，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Intrahepatic IL-8 producing Foxp3 + CD4 + regulatory T cells and fibrogenesis in chronic hepatitis C<!-- Doctopic: VH -->显示文摘 | Bettina Langhans Benjamin Kr?mer Marcell Louis Hans Dieter Nischalke Robert Hüneburg Andrea Staratschek-Jox Margarethe Odenthal Steffen Manekeller Michael Schepke J?rg Kalff Hans-Peter Fischer Joachim L. Schultze Ulrich Spengler | 2013 | Journal of Hepatology2013，，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Genetic parameter estimates for volume from full - sib tests of slash pine 显示文摘 | M J Dieters T L White G R Hodge | 1995 | Can J For Res1995，25，8： | 1 |
| 16 | Impaired CD4 + T cell stimulation of NK cell anti-fibrotic activity may contribute to accelerated liver fibrosis progression in HIV/HCV patients<!-- Doctopic: VH -->显示文摘 | Andreas Gl?ssner Marianne Eisenhardt Pavlos Kokordelis Benjamin Kr?mer Franziska Wolter Hans Dieter Nischalke Christoph Boesecke Tilman Sauerbruch Jürgen K. Rockstroh Ulrich Spengler Jacob Nattermann | 2013 | Journal of Hepatology2013，，： | 1 |
| 17 | Asystematic tool for the minimization of the life cycle impactof solar assisted absorption cooling systems 显示文摘 | Berhane H G Gonzalo G G Laureano J Dieter B | 2010 | Energy2010，35，9： | 1 |
| 18 | Primary and secondary side water chemistry guidelines for PWR Plants显示文摘 | Harry N Michael J Dieter W | | 0，，10： | 1 |
| 19 | The isopeptidase USP2a regulates the stability of fatty acid synthase in prostate cancer显示文摘 | Edgard Graner Dan Tang Sabrina Rossi Antonella Baron Toshiro Migita Lisa J Weinstein Mirna Lechpammer Dieter Huesken Johann Zimmermann Sabina Signoretti Massimo Loda | 2004 | Cancer Cell2004，，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Treatment of Chronic Lower Back Pain with Lumbar Extension and Whole-Body Vibration Exercise: A Randomized Controlled Trial显示文摘 | J?rn Rittweger Karsten Just Katja Kautzsch Peter Reeg Dieter Felsenberg | 2002 | Spine2002，，17： | 1 |
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