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| 1 | Future prospectives for the management of chronic hepatitis B显示文摘Chronic hepatitis B virus infection affects about 400 million people around the globe and causes approximately one million deaths a year. Since the discovery of interferon-α as a therapeutic option the treatment of hepatitis B has evolved fast and management has become increasingly complicated. The amount of viral replication reflected in the viral load (HBV-DNA) plays an important role in the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The current treatment modalities for chronic hepatitis B are immunomodulatory (interferons) and antiviral suppressants (nucleoside and nucleotide analogues) all with their own advantages and limitations. An overview of the treatment efficacy for both immunomodulatory as antiviral compounds is provided in order to provide the clinician insight into the factors influencing treatment outcome. With nucleoside or nucleotide analogues suppression of viral replication by 5-7 log10 is feasible, but not all patients respond to therapy. Known factors influencing treatment outcome are viral load, ALT levels and compliance. Many other factors which might influence treatment are scarcely investigated. Identifying the factors associated with response might result in stopping rules, so treatment could be adapted in an early stage to provide adequate treatment and avoid the development of resistance. The efficacy of compounds for the treatment of mutant virus and the cross- resistance is largely unknown. However, genotypic and phenotypic testing as well as small clinical trials provided some data on efficacy in this population. Discontinuation of nucleoside or nucleotide analogues frequently results in viral relapse; however, some patients have a sustained response. Data on the risk factors for relapse are necessary in order to determine when treatment can be discontinued safely. In conclusion: chronic hepatitis B has become a treatable disease; however, much research is needed to tailor therapy to an individual patient, to predict the sustainability of response and determine thebest treatment for those failing treatment. | WF Leemans HLA Janssen RA de Man | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，18： | 14 |
| 2 | Role of mi RNAs and their potential to be useful as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in gastric cancer显示文摘Alterations in epigenetic control of gene expression play an important role in many diseases, including gastric cancer. Many studies have identified a large number of upregulated oncogenic mi RNAs and downregulated tumour-suppressor mi RNAs in this type of cancer. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of mi RNAs, pointing to their potential to be useful as diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers in gastric cancer. Moreover, we discuss the influence of polymorphisms and epigenetic modifications on mi RNA activity. | Kelly Cristina da Silva Oliveira Taíssa Maíra Thomaz Araújo Camila Inagaki Albuquerque Gabriela Alcantara Barata Carolina Oliveira Gigek Mariana Ferreira Leal Fernanda Wisnieski Fernando Augusto Rodrigues Mello Junior André Salim Khayat Paulo Pimentel de Assumpcao Rommel Mário Rodriguez Burbano Marília Cardoso Smith Danielle Queiroz Calcagno | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，35： | 11 |
| 3 | Prospective comparison of transient elastography, Fibrotest, APRI, and liver biopsy for the assessment of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C显示文摘 | Laurent Castéra Julien Vergniol Juliette Foucher Brigitte Le Bail Elise Chanteloup Maud Haaser Monique Darriet Patrice Couzigou Victor de Lédinghen | 2005 | Gastroenterology2005，，2： | 8 |
| 4 | Insights into gastric neuroendocrine tumors burden显示文摘Type 1 gastric neuroendocrine tumors(g NETs)are usually small lesions,restricted to mucosal and sub-mucosal layers of corpus and fundus,with low aggressive behavior,for the majority of cases.Nevertheless,some cases present aggressive behavior.The increasing incidence of g NETs brings together a new relevant problem:how to identify potentially aggressive type 1 g NETs.The challenging problem seems to be finding out signs or features able to predict potentially aggressive cases,allowing a tailored approach,since the involved societies dedicated to provide guidelines for management of these neoplasms apparently failed in producing staging systems able to accurately predict prognosis of these tumors.Additionally,it is also important to try to find out explanations for increasing incidence,as well as to identify potential targets aiming to reach better control of this neoplasia.Here,we discuss potential pathways implicated in aggressive behavior,as well as new strategies to improve clinical management of these tumors. | Taíssa Maíra Thomaz Araújo Williams Fernandes Barra André Salim Khayat Paulo Pimentel de Assumpcao | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research2017，29，2： | 7 |
| 5 | Innate and adaptive immune responses toward nanomedicines显示文摘Since the commercialization of the frst liposomes used for drug delivery,Doxil/Caelyx® and Myocet®,tremendous progress has been made in understanding interactions between nanomedicines and biological systems.Fundamental work at the interface of engineering and medicine has allowed nanomedicines to deliver therapeutic small molecules and nucleic acids more effciently.While nanomedicines are used in oncology for immunotherapy or to deliver combinations of cytotoxics,the clinical successes of gene silencing approaches like patisiran lipid complexes(Onpattro®)have paved the way for a variety of therapies beyond cancer.In parallel,the global severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)pandemic has highlighted the potential of mR NA vaccines to develop immunization strategies at unprecedented speed.To rationally design therapeutic and vaccines,chemists,materials scientists,and drug delivery experts need to better understand how nanotechnologies interact with the immune system.This review presents a comprehensive overview of the innate and adaptative immune systems and emphasizes the intricate mechanisms through which nanomedicines interact with these biological functions. | Iara Maíra de Oliveira Viana Sabrina Roussel Joan Defrêne Eliana Martins Lima Frédéric Barabé Nicolas Bertrand | 2021 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2021，11，4： | 5 |
| 6 | Laser produced electromagnetic pulses: generation, detection and mitigation显示文摘This paper provides an up-to-date review of the problems related to the generation,detection and mitigation of strong electromagnetic pulses created in the interaction of high-power,high-energy laser pulses with different types of solid targets.It includes new experimental data obtained independently at several international laboratories.The mechanisms of electromagnetic field generation are analyzed and considered as a function of the intensity and the spectral range of emissions they produce.The major emphasis is put on the GHz frequency domain,which is the most damaging for electronics and may have important applications.The physics of electromagnetic emissions in other spectral domains,in particular THz and MHz,is also discussed.The theoretical models and numerical simulations are compared with the results of experimental measurements,with special attention to the methodology of measurements and complementary diagnostics.Understanding the underlying physical processes is the basis for developing techniques to mitigate the electromagnetic threat and to harness electromagnetic emissions,which may have promising applications. | Fabrizio Consoli Vladimir TTikhonchuk Matthieu Bardon Philip Bradford David CCarroll Jakub Cikhardt Mattia Cipriani Robert JClarke Thomas ECowan Colin NDanson Riccardo De Angelis Massimo De Marco Jean-Luc Dubois Bertr Etchessahar Alejro Laso Garcia David IHillier Ales Honsa Weiman Jiang Viliam Kmetik Josef Krása Yutong Li FredériéLubrano Paul McKenna Josefine Metzkes-Ng Alexre Poyé Irene Prencipe Piotr Ra¸czka Rol ASmith Roman Vrana Nigel CWoolsey Egle Zemaityte Yihang Zhang Zhe Zhang Bernhard Zielbauer David Neely | 2020 | High Power Laser Science and Engineering2020，8，2： | 3 |
| 7 | Relationship between the severity of hepatitis C virus-related liver disease and the presence of Helicobacter species in the liver: A prospective study显示文摘AIM: To determine the presence of Helicobacter species DNA in the liver of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients with and without cirrhosis as compared to controls, and to identify the bacterial species involved. METHODS: Seventy-nine consecutive patients (HBV and HIV negative) with a liver sample obtained after liver biopsy or hepatic resection were studied: 41 with CHC without cirrhosis, 12 with CHC and cirrhosis, and 26 controls (HCV negative). Polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) targeting Helicobacter 16S rDNA and species- specific were performed on DNA extracted from the liver. A gastric infection with H pylori was determined by serology and confirmed by 13C-urea breath test. RESULTS: Overall, Helicobacter 16S rDNA was found in 16 patients (20.2%). Although positive cases tended to be higher in CHC patients with cirrhosis (41.6%) than in those without cirrhosis (17.0%) or in controls (15.4%), the difference was not statistically significant (P =0.08). H pylori-like DNA was identified in 12 cases and H. pullorum DNA in 2, while 2 cases remained unidenti- fied. Gastric infection with H pylori was found in only 2 of these patients. CONCLUSION: Our results do not confirm the associ- ation of Helicobacter species DNA in the liver of CHC patients with advanced liver disease. The lack of correlation between positive H pylori serology and the presence of H pylori-like DNA in the liver may indicate the presence of a variant of this species. | Laurent Castéra Anne Pedeboscq Marcia Rocha Brigitte Le Bail Corinne Asencio Victor de Lédinghen Pierre-Henri Bernard Christophe Laurent Marie-Edith Lafon Maylis Capdepont Patrice Couzigou Paulette Bioulac-Sage Charles Balabaud FrancisMégraud Armelle Ménard | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，45： | 3 |
| 8 | Treatment of chronic hepatitis C with direct-acting antivirals: The role of resistance显示文摘The use of direct-acting antivirals(DAAs) to treat chronic hepatitis C has resulted in a significant increase in rates of sustained viral response(around 90%-95%) as compared with the standard treatment of peginterferon/ribavirin. Despite this, however, the rates of therapeutic failure in daily clinical practice range from 10%-15%. Most of these cases are due to the presence of resistant viral variants, resulting from mutations produced by substitutions of amino acids in the viral target protein that reduce viral sensitivity to DAAs, thus limiting the efficacy of these drugs. The high genetic diversity of hepatitis C virus has resulted in the existence of resistance-associated variants(RAVs), sometimes even before starting treatment with DAAs, though generally at low levels. These preexisting RAVs do not appear to impact on the sustained viral response, whereas those that appear after DAA therapy could well be determinant in virological failure with future treatments. As well as the presence of RAVs, virological failure to treatment with DAAs is generally associated with other factors related with a poor response, such as the degree of fibrosis, the response to previous therapy, the viral load or the viral genotype. Nonetheless, viral breakthrough and relapse can still occur in the absence of detectable RAVs and after the use of highly effective DAAs, so that the true clinical impact of the presence of RAVs in therapeutic failure remains to be determined. | Miguel Jiménez-Pérez Rocío González-Grande Pilar Espana Contreras Isabel Pinazo Martínez Jesús de la Cruz Lombardo Raúl Olmedo Martín | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，29： | 3 |
| 9 | Prevalence and factors associated with failure of liver stiffness measurement using FibroScan in a prospective study of 2114 examinations显示文摘 | Juliette Foucher Laurent Castéra Pierre-Henri Bernard Xavier Adhoute David Laharie Julien Bertet Patrice Couzigou Victor de Lédinghen | 2006 | European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology2006，，4： | 3 |
| 10 | Comparison of two clinical scales for causality assessment in hepatotoxicity显示文摘 | Ma Isabel Lucena Raquel Camargo Raúl J. Andrade Carlos J. Perez-Sanchez Felipe Sanchez De La Cuesta | 2001 | Hepatology2001，，1： | 2 |
| 11 | A comparative evaluation of microalgae for the degradation of piggery wastewater under photosynthetic oxygenation显示文摘 | Ignacio de Godos Virginia A. Vargas Saúl Blanco María C. García González Roberto Soto Pedro A. García-Encina Eloy Becares Raúl Mu?oz | 2010 | Bioresource Technology2010，，14： | 2 |
| 12 | Apoptosis in developing anthers and the role of ABA in this process during androgenesis in Hordeum vulgate L显示文摘 | WANG M HOEKSTRA S VAN BERGEN S LAMERS GEM OPPEDIJK B J VAN DER HEUDEN M W DE PRIESTER W SCHILPEROORT RA 1 | 1999 | Plant Mol Biol1999，39，： | 1 |
| 13 | Repression of the human papillomavirus E6 gene initiates p53-dependent,telomerase independent senescence and apoptosis in hela cervical carcinoma cells显示文摘 | Horner SM De Filippis RA Manuelidis L | 2004 | J Virol2004，78，8： | 1 |
| 14 | Should mild or moderate stroke patients be admitted to an intensive care unit显示文摘 | Brings DE Fellberg RA Malkoff MD | 2001 | Stroke2001，32，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B infection after delivery显示文摘 | Ter Borg MJ Leemans WF De Man RA | 2008 | Journal of Viral Hepatitis2008，15，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Partial liquid ventilation improves lung function in ventilation-induced lung injury 显示文摘 | Vazquez de Anda GF Lachmann RA Verbruqqe SJ | 2001 | Eur Respir J2001，18，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Patellar dislocation:cylinder cast,splint or brace:An evidence-based review of the liter-ature显示文摘 | van Gemert JP de Vree LM Hessels RA | 2012 | Int J Emerg Med2012，5，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Radiaton absorbed from dental implant radiogrphy:a comparison of linear tomography,CT scan,and panoramic and intra-oral techniques显示文摘 | Clark DE Danforth RA Barnes Rw | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 19 | Pasireotide alone or with cabergoline and ketoconazole in Cushing's disease显示文摘 | Feelders RA de Bruin C Pereira AM | 2010 | N Engl J Med2010，362，19： | 1 |
| 20 | Early detection in routine clinical practice of cirrhosis and oesophageal varices in chronic hepatitis C: Comparison of transient elastography (FibroScan) with standard laboratory tests and non-invasive scores显示文摘 | Laurent Castéra Brigitte Le Bail Fran?oise Roudot-Thoraval Pierre-Henri Bernard Juliette Foucher Wassil Merrouche Patrice Couzigou Victor de Lédinghen | 2008 | Journal of Hepatology2008，，1： | 1 |
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