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| 1 | Bacterial microcosms obey Taylor’s law:effects of abiotic and biotic stress and genetics on mean and variance of population density显示文摘Introduction:According to the empirical regularity called Taylor’s law,the variance of population density in samples of populations is a power of the mean population density.The exponent is often between 1 and 2.Our experiments investigated how genetics,evolution,and environment shape Taylor’s law.Methods:Genetically different strains(wild type and hypermutator)of the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens evolved and were assayed under different environmental conditions(with and without antibiotic rifampicin and bacteriophage SBW252,separately and in combination).Results:Experimental treatments altered the exponent b,but not the power law form,of the relation between variance and mean population density.Bacterial populations treated only with rifampicin had a narrow range of mean population densities and exponent b=5.43.Populations exposed to rifampicin plus phage had b=1.51.In ancestral,control,and phage-exposed populations,mean abundance varied widely and b was not significantly different from 2.Evolutionary factors(mutation rate,selection)and ecological factors(abiotic,biotic)jointly influenced b.Conclusions:Taylor’s power law relationship accurately and robustly described variance as a function of mean population density,with overall exponent b=1.89.These and other experiments with different factors acting on bacterial population size support the relevance of models that predict‘universal’patterns of fluctuation scaling. | Oliver Kaltz Patricia Escobar-Páramo Michael E Hochberg Joel E Cohen | 2012 | Ecological Processes2012，1，1： | 3 |
| 2 | Towards a standard diet-induced and biopsy-confirmed mouse model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: Impact of dietary fat source显示文摘BACKGROUND The trans-fat containing AMLN(amylin liver non-alcoholic steatohepatitis,NASH)diet has been extensively validated in C57BL/6J mice with or without the Lep^ob/Lep^ob(ob/ob)mutation in the leptin gene for reliably inducing metabolic and liver histopathological changes recapitulating hallmarks of NASH.Due to a recent ban on trans-fats as food additive,there is a marked need for developing a new diet capable of promoting a compatible level of disease in ob/ob and C57BL/6J mice.AIM To develop a biopsy-confirmed mouse model of NASH based on an obesogenic diet with trans-fat substituted by saturated fat.METHODS Male ob/ob mice were fed AMLN diet or a modified AMLN diet with trans-fat(Primex shortening)substituted by equivalent amounts of palm oil[Gubra amylin NASH,(GAN)diet]for 8,12 and 16 wk.C57BL/6J mice were fed the same diets for 28 wk.AMLN and GAN diets had similar caloric content(40%fat kcal),fructose(22%)and cholesterol(2%)level.RESULTS The GAN diet was more obesogenic compared to the AMLN diet and impaired glucose tolerance.Biopsy-confirmed steatosis,lobular inflammation,hepatocyte ballooning,fibrotic liver lesions and hepatic transcriptome changes were similar in ob/ob mice fed the GAN or AMLN diet.C57BL/6J mice developed a mild to moderate fibrotic NASH phenotype when fed the same diets.CONCLUSION Substitution of Primex with palm oil promotes a similar phenotype of biopsyconfirmed NASH in ob/ob and C57BL/6J mice,making GAN diet-induced obese mouse models suitable for characterizing novel NASH treatments. | Michelle L Boland Denise Oro Kirstine S T■lb■l Sebastian T Thrane Jens Christian Nielsen Taylor S Cohen David E Tabor Fiona Fernandes Andrey Tovchigrechko Sanne S Veidal Paul Warrener Bret R Sellman Jacob Jelsing Michael Feigh Niels Vrang James L Trevaskis Henrik H Hansen | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，33： | 3 |
| 3 | Hyperspectral versus multispectral data for estimating leaf area index in four different biomes显示文摘 | Kyu-Sung Lee Warren B Cohen Robert E Kennedy Thomas K Maiersperger Stith T Gower | 2004 | Remote Sensing of Environment2004，，3： | 2 |
| 4 | Specification of surface mating systems among conjugative drug-resistant plasmids in Escherichia coli K-12 显示文摘 | Bradley D E Taylor D E Cohen D R | 1980 | J Bacteriol1980，143，： | 2 |
| 5 | Using on-site liver 3-D reconstruction and volumetric calculations in split liver transplantation显示文摘BACKGROUND: Split liver transplantation increases the number of grafts available for transplantation. Pre-recovery assessment of liver graft volume is essential for selecting suitable recipients. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability and feasibility of constructing a 3-D model to aid in surgical planning and to predict graft weight prior to an in situ division of the donor liver. METHODS: Over 11 months, 3-D volumetric reconstruction of 4 deceased donors was performed using Pathfinder Scout~? liver volumetric software. Demographic, laboratory, operative, perioperative and survival data for these patients along with donor demographic data were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS: The average predicted weight of the grafts from the adult donors obtained from an in situ split procedure were 1130 g(930-1458 g) for the extended right lobe donors and 312 g(222-396 g) for left lateral segment grafts. Actual adult graft weight was 92% of the predicted weight for both the extended right grafts and the left lateral segment grafts. The predicted and actual graft weights for the pediatric donors were 176 g and 210 g for the left lateral segment grafts and 308 g and 280 g for the extended right lobe grafts, respectively. All grafts were transplanted except for the right lobe from the pediatric donors due to the small graft weight.CONCLUSIONS: On-site volumetric assessment of donors provides useful information for the planning of an in situ split and for selection of recipients. This information may expand the donor pool to recipients previously felt to be unsuitable due to donor and/or recipient weight. | Trevor W Reichman Brittany Fiorello Ian Carmody Humberto Bohorquez Ari Cohen John Seal David Bruce George E Loss | 2016 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2016，15，6： | 2 |
| 6 | SARS-COV-2 infection(coronavirus disease 2019)for the gastrointestinal consultant显示文摘The current pandemic due to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has caused an extreme burden for health care systems globally,and the number of cases is expected to continue to increase,at least in the immediate future.The virus is estimated to have infected more than 1.5 million individuals.The available reports suggest that gastrointestinal(GI)involvement in coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is common and in some cases the GI symptoms may precede the respiratory symptoms.In addition to direct effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,the infected patients remain at risk for the complications commonly managed by gastroenterology and hepatology consultants.The most commonly reported GI manifestation of COVID-19 is diarrhea,which is reported in a third to up to more than half of the patients.Mild to moderate elevation of the liver enzymes are also common,although no case of acute liver failure has been reported so far.Many of the medications used for treatment of COVID-19 can also be associated with GI symptoms or liver injury and can be included in the differential diagnosis in these patients.Although the diagnosis of the infection is currently based on RNA analysis in respiratory samples,the available literature on fecal shedding of this virus suggests that fecal RNA testing might prove to be a useful diagnostic test.It is reasonable to delay all non-urgent endoscopic procedures during the peak of the pandemic and use additional protective equipment such as N95 respirators during endoscopy while most patients can be considered high risk for having been exposed to the virus. | Kaveh Hajifathalian Srihari Mahadev Robert E Schwartz Shawn Shah Kartik Sampath Felice Schnoll-Sussman Robert S Brown Jr David Carr-Locke David E Cohen Reem Z Sharaiha | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，14： | 2 |
| 7 | Degree Raising for Splines显示文摘 | Cohen E Lyche T Schumaker L L | 1986 | Journal of Approximation Theory1986，，46： | 1 |
| 8 | Sensitivity of Phytophthora infestans to Mandipropamid and the Effect of Enforeed Selection Pressure in the Field显示文摘 | COHEN Y RUBIN E HADAD T | 2007 | Plant Pathology2007，56，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Prior Political Experience and Gubernatorial Popularity 显示文摘 | King J D Hamman J A Cohen J E | 2005 | Presented at the Fifth Annual State Polities and Policy Conference East Lansing Michigan2005，，： | 1 |
| 10 | Phase Ⅱ trial of ZD1839 in recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck显示文摘 | Cohen E E Rosen F Stadler W M | 2003 | J Clin Oncol2003，21，10： | 1 |
| 11 | Origin of ferroelectricity in perovskite oxides 显示文摘 | Cohen R E | 1992 | Nature1992，358，6382： | 1 |
| 12 | Expression of cytokeratins 7 and 20 in helicobacter pylori-associated chronic gastritis in children 显示文摘 | Cohen M Cueto R E Balcarce N | 2004 | Pediatr Dev Patho12004，7，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Primitive and Remote: Hill Tribe Trekking in Thailand显示文摘 | Cohen E | 1989 | Annals Tourism Research1989，，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Polarization rotation mechanism for ultrahigh electromechanical response in single-crystal piezoelec- trics 显示文摘 | FU H COHEN R E | 2000 | Nature2000，403，： | 1 |
| 15 | The Canadian study of the sirolimus-eluting stent in the treatment of patients with long de novo lesions in small native coronary arteries (C-SIRIUS)显示文摘 | Schampaert E Cohen EA Schluter M | 2004 | J Am Coil Cardiol2004，43，： | 1 |
| 16 | The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)显示文摘 | TAN E M COHEN A S FRIES J F | 1982 | Arthritis Rheum1982，25，11： | 1 |
| 17 | Control of radiation-induced pneumopathy and lung fibrosis by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and an angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor blocker显示文摘 | MOLTENI A MOULDER J E COHEN E F | 2000 | Int J Radiat Biol2000，76，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for progressive multiple sclerosis: failure of a total body irradiation-based conditioning regimen to prevent disease progression in patients with high disability scores显示文摘 | Burt RK Cohen BA Russell E | 2003 | Blood2003，102，7： | 1 |
| 19 | The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus, (SLE)显示文摘 | Tam E M Cohen A S Fries J F | 1982 | Arthritis Rheum1982，25，： | 1 |
| 20 | Verbs and Adverbs:Multidimensional Motion Interpolation 显示文摘 | Rose C E Cohen M Bodenheimer B | 1998 | IEEE Computer Graphics & Application (S0272-1716)1998，18，5： | 1 |
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