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| 1 | 卒中存活者体力活动和锻炼建议:美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会针对医疗专业人员的声明显示文摘目的这份科学声明为卒中存活者的体力活动和锻炼建议提供了一份证据纵览。证据提示,卒中存活者会经历体力下降(physical deconditioning)并导致久坐的生活方式。因此,本更新版科学声明旨在为医务人员提供全面的指导,使其更好地理解体力活动的益处,并为卒中存活者各个恢复阶段的锻炼方案提供推荐意见。方法写作组成员由美国心脏协会(American Heart Association,AHA)卒中委员会的科学声明监督委员会和AHA手稿监督委员会任命。作者利用系统文献综述,参考公开发表的临床和流行病学研究、发病率和死亡率报告、临床与公共卫生指南、权威声明、个人文件以及专家意见,对现有的证据进行总结并指出目前的知识空白。结果卒中后体力活动不足非常普遍。大量证据明确支持对卒中存活者进行运动训练,包括有氧运动和力量训练。运动训练能改善功能能力、日常生活活动的执行能力以及生活质量,同时降低随后的心血管事件风险。卒中存活者的体力活动目标和锻炼方案需个体化制定以最大限度地增高长期依从性。结论写作组给出的推荐是,体力活动和锻炼方案应融入卒中存活者的治疗。卒中存活者体力活动的推动应强调低到中等强度的有氧活动、增强肌肉力量、减少久坐的生活方式以及对卒中二级预防的危险因素管理。 | Sandra A. Billinger Ross Arena Julie Bemhardt Janice J. Eng Barry A. Franklin Cheryl Mortag Johnson Marilyn MacKay-Lyons Richard F. Macko Gillian E. Mead Elliot J. Roth Marianne Shaughnessy Ada Tang 孙新亭 张通 | 2014 | 国际脑血管病杂志2014，22，10： | 80 |
| 2 | 国际教育信息化2013地平线报告(高等教育版)显示文摘国际新媒体联盟(New Media Consortium,简称NMC)所发布的年度地平线报告已经成为全球范围内教育信息化发展的显示器与风向标。2012年10月,北京开放大学与美国新媒体联盟签署协议,授权北京开放大学作为其在中国发行其年度报告中文版的唯一官方机构。本期学报正式刊出的2013年度地平线报告显示,未来五年内影响高等教育的六大技术为:大规模开放网络课程、平板电脑、游戏和游戏化、学习分析技术、3D打印技术、可穿戴技术。这些新技术对于我们生活中的沟通交流、获取信息、社会交往、日常学习等方面正在产生重大而深远的影响。希望本报告能够有助于国内同行及时了解国际范围内教育信息化的发展趋势、新技术应用,为促进信息技术更有效地提高教学质量服务提供有益借鉴。新媒体联盟总裁莱瑞博士(Larry Johnson)专门写信祝贺2013年度地平线报告(中文版)刊出:'北京开放大学与新媒体联盟的合作已使成千上万的中国教育界同行有机会围绕教育技术及其在大学和中小学课堂应用问题参与全球对话。北京开放大学以其在教育技术、在线学习的实践探索及开展的国际合作等方面取得的业绩成为国际地平线项目有价值的合作者。你们为地平线专题研究做出了贡献,还承担了地平线报告(中文版)的翻译出版。借助你们的帮助,许多国外同行开始了解信息技术如何在中国这一人口大国的大学和中小学得到应用;同时,也使中国教育界了解世界各国同行正在开展的信息化实践探索。' | Johnson L. AdamsBecker S. Cummins M. Estrada V. Freeman A. Ludgate H. 张铁道 殷丙山 殷蕾 白晓晶 | 2013 | 北京广播电视大学学报2013，，2： | 50 |
| 3 | 减少急性冠状动脉综合征和卒中患者求医的延误——美国心脏协会心血管护理委员会和卒中委员会的科学声明显示文摘在寻求急性冠状动脉综合征和卒中症状的治疗方面,患者延误是限制提供这些疾病的确定性治疗的主要因素。尽管数十年来的研究和公众教育活动一直旨在缩短患者延误时间,但大多数患者仍然不能及时求医。在本科学声明中,我们总结了以下证据:(1)证明早期治疗的益处;(2)描述患者延误问题的程度;(3)确定与患者延误及时求医有关的因素;(4)揭示当前减少患者延误措施的不足。最后,提出临床实践和今后研究的建议。 | Debra K. Moser Laura P. Kimble Mark J. Alberts Angelo Alonzo Janet B. Croft Kathleen Dracup Kelly R. Evenson Alan S. Go Mary M. Hand Rashmi U. Kothari George A. Mensah Dexter L. Morris Arthur M. Pancioli Barbara Riegel Julie Johnson Zerwic 李宏建 曲东锋 | 2006 | 国际脑血管病杂志2006，14，10： | 39 |
| 4 | 2013地平线报告高等教育版(上)显示文摘美国新媒体联盟地平线报告系列是一项鉴别和描述未来五年内对全球教育产生巨大影响的新兴技术的综合性研究,旨在帮助教育领导者、政策制订者和教师们理解新兴技术,以及技术对教学和研究产生的潜在影响。自2004年以来地平线报告每年发布一次,均在全球范围内引起反响。2013地平线报告高等教育版于今年2月发布,该报告立足高等教育机构的现状,以全球化视角展望2013-2018未来五年间的技术发展和应用前景,包括大规模开放在线课程、平板电脑、游戏与游戏化、学习分析、3D打印、可穿戴技术等六项新兴技术,并概括了影响高等教育发展的六大趋势和高等教育面临的六大挑战。 | (美)NMC地平线项目 龚志武 吴迪 陈阳键 苏宏 王寒冰 Johnson L. Adams Becker S. Cummins M. Estrada V. Freeman A. Ludgate H. | 2013 | 广州广播电视大学学报2013，13，2： | 24 |
| 5 | 新媒体联盟2016地平线报告高等教育版显示文摘《2016地平线报告高等教育版》沿用以往讨论趋势和挑战的三元维度展开,即政策,领导力和实践,确定了18项未来五年极有可能影响高等教育变革的关键趋势、重大挑战和重要的技术进展。关键趋势中,长期趋势包括:推进创新文化、反思高校运作;中期趋势包括:学习空间的重构、转向深度学习;近期趋势包括:对测量学习持续关注、混合学习设计的广泛应用。就制约高等教育领域技术应用的挑战而言,正式与非正式学习的融合、数字素养的提升被认为是可解决的挑战,教育模式的竞争、个性化学习是艰巨的挑战,而平衡线上和线下生活、保持教育的切合性则是棘手的挑战。未来1-5年内,自带设备、学习分析和自适应学习、增强现实和虚拟现实、创客空间、情感计算、机器人技术将对高等教育产生重要影响。 | NMC地平线项目 苏宏 陈阳键 吴迪 龚志武 项荣健 Johnson L. Adams Becker S. Cummins M. Estrada V. Freeman A. Hall C. | 2016 | 广州广播电视大学学报2016，16，2： | 23 |
| 6 | Chloroplast phylogenomics of the New World grape species (Vitis, Vitaceae)显示文摘Vitis L。(葡萄类) 是经济地很重要的水果庄稼,葡萄和酒的来源。在类以内的种系发生的关系是高度争论的。此处,我们从整个 plastomes 采用顺序数据试图提高 Vitis 种系发生的分辨率。结果作为 monophyletic 支持新世界 Vitis 亚属 Vitis。在 clade 以内, V。californica 是到仍然保持新的姐妹世界 Vitis 亚属 Vitis。在亚属 Vitis 以内,而且,欧亚的 clade 要用体力地被支持并且是到新世界 clade 的姐妹。Vitis vinifera ssp 的 clade。vinifera 和 V。vinifera ssp。sylvestris 是到 Vitis 的核心亚洲人 clade 的姐妹。在北美洲的几普遍的种被发现例如,是在 plastome 树上的 nonmonophyletic 广泛地定义的 Vitis cinerea 和 V。aestivalis 各个需要被分成几种。可能也 nonmonophyly 某种类由于在北美的 Vitis 的杂交的普通出现。由进九个系列的 Munson 的北美的 Vitis 的分类基于种系发生的结果被讨论。分叉时间和系多样化的分析在在晚第三纪开始的北美洲支持 Vitis 的快速的放射。 | Jun Went AJ Harris Yash Kalburgi Ning Zhang Yuan Xu Wei Zheng Stefanie M. Ickert-Bondt Gabriel Johnson Elizabeth A. Zimmer | 2018 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2018，56，4： | 14 |
| 7 | 白蛋白刺激肾小管上皮细胞表达基质金属蛋白酶2和9显示文摘目的探讨白蛋白对近端肾小管上皮细胞表达基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP-2)和MMP-9的影响。方法大鼠近端肾小管细胞株NRK52E培养至70%或100%融合时,分别给予不同浓度(0.1~1.0g/L)去脂和非去脂牛血清白蛋白(dBSA和BSA)刺激,于24、48、72h收集培养液,用明胶酶谱和Western印迹方法检测培养液MMP-2和MMP-9活性和蛋白水平。结果与空白对照组比较,1.0g/LBSA刺激未完全融合NRK52E72h后,MMP-2和MMP-9活性分别上调276%、176%(P〈0.05)。与刺激24h比较,1.0g/LBSA刺激72h,在未完全融合NRK52E的MMP-2和MMP-9活性分别上调536%、148%;在完全融合NRK52E分别上调212%、184%(P〈0.05)。与完全融合NRK52E比较,1.0g/LBSA刺激未完全融合NRK52E 72h,MMP-2活性上调增加了274%,MMP-9活性上调减少了45.1%(P〈0.05)。dBSA刺激结果与BSA类似。结论白蛋白刺激呈剂量和时间依赖性上调近端肾小管细胞表达MMP-2和MMP-9。细胞完全融合可抑制MMP-2表达,促进MMP-9表达。 | 孙良忠 Ibrini Juma Parker Emma 陈述枚 Johnson Timothy S. El Nahas A. Meguid | 2007 | 中华肾脏病杂志2007，23，8： | 9 |
| 8 | Late Cretaceous biota and the Cretaceous-Paleogene(K--Pg)Boundary in Jiayin of Heilongjiang,China显示文摘An international cooperative study of the Late Cretaceous biota and non-marine strata including the Cretaceous-Paleogene(K--Pg) boundary in Jiayin near the Heilongjiang River,China during 2002-2010,is summarized in this paper. The strata includes the Upper Cretaceous Yong'ancun-,Taipinglinchang-,Yuliang-zi-,and Furao formations,and the Paleocence Wuyun Formation consisting of Baoshantou Member and a Coalbearing Member. Seven palynological assemblages from Santonian to Paleocene are recognized,which is used for definition of the K--Pg boundary. Through the palynological analysis of three drilled boreholes (XHY-2005,2006,2008) in Xiaoheyan of western Jiayin,the K--Pg boundary is defined within 20. 00-20. 05 m in the borehole XHY-2006 (as a standard boundary) which is just between the top of Furao Formation (late Maasterichtian) and the base of Baishantou Member (early Danian) . These new research results are supported by paleo- magnetic,geochemical and other analyses,also. On the other hand,the presence of eight taxa of Maasterichtian dinosaurs (mostly hadrosaurids) have been recognized by the authors; and two mega-plant assemblages from the Yong'ancun Fm (Santonian) to Taipinglinchang Fm (Campanian) are confirmed. These research a-chievements indicate that the Upper Cretaceous-Paleocene in Jiayin can be well correlated to the strata in the neighboring Zeya-Bureja basin,Russia. The K--Pg boundary definited in Jiayin is the first well documented non-marine K--Pg boundary in China. Also the related paleoclimate,paleoenvironment and the mass extinctions in this area during the Cretaceous-Paleocene transition are also discussed. | Sun G. Akhmetiev M. Markevich V. Ashraf A. R. Bugdaeva E. Godefroit P. Bolotsky Yu. Dong Z. M. Golovneva L. Yang H. X. Sun C. L. Sun Y. W. Quan C. Kodrul T. Kezina T. Johnson K. Nishida H Dilcher D. L. Harding I. Chen Y. J. | 2011 | Global Geology2011，14，3： | 9 |
| 9 | Guidelines for Colonoscopy Surveillance After Screening and Polypectomy: A Consensus Update by the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer显示文摘 | David A. Lieberman Douglas K. Rex Sidney J. Winawer Francis M. Giardiello David A. Johnson Theodore R. Levin | 2012 | Gastroenterology2012，，3： | 8 |
| 10 | Screening and Surveillance for the Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer and Adenomatous Polyps, 2008: A Joint Guideline From the American Cancer Society, the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer, and the American College of Radiology显示文摘 | Bernard Levin David A. Lieberman Beth McFarland Kimberly S. Andrews Durado Brooks John Bond Chiranjeev Dash Francis M. Giardiello Seth Glick David Johnson C. Daniel Johnson Theodore R. Levin Perry J. Pickhardt Douglas K. Rex Robert A. Smith Alan Thorson S | 2008 | Gastroenterology2008，，5： | 8 |
| 11 | 桡骨头骨折以及植入物重建后的运动学与稳定性(下)显示文摘二、桡骨头切除的影响
对于MasonⅢ型骨折,特别是不伴韧带损伤时,如何进行外科治疗还没有得到彻底解决。桡骨头切除对肘部运动及稳定的影响已有大量研究。可以明确的是,桡骨头的缺失将导致肘部的外翻稳定性降低,是仅次于MCL的一个重要约束。我们的内翻一外翻松弛测试显示,桡骨头的缺失导致松弛显著增加.然而,相对于MCL,桡骨头的作用要低得多,对最大内翻一外翻松弛起24%的作用(先切除桡骨头)。对于内翻一外翻松弛而言,桡骨头上升为第二位的稳定装置(图3,韧带的作用将在稍后进行进一步的详细讨论)。除外翻稳定外,桡骨头对肘的内翻稳定也起一定的作用。这可能归因于LCL复合体的松弛。 | James A. Johnson | 2009 | 中华骨科杂志2009，29，1： | 7 |
| 12 | 桡骨头骨折以及植入物重建后的运动学与稳定性(上)显示文摘桡骨头骨折是肘部最常见的骨折。单纯桡骨头骨折为无移位骨折,若伴内侧和外侧副韧带和(或)骨间韧带损伤时,则骨折会发生移位。在更严重的损伤中,桡骨头骨折可能伴随着肘和前臂的脱位。桡骨头骨折中经常可以见到冠状突和肱骨小头骨折,这进一步削弱了肘关节的稳定性。 | James A. Johnson | 2008 | 中华骨科杂志2008，28，12： | 7 |
| 13 | The Mediterranean diet improves hepatic steatosis and insulin sensitivity in individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘 | Marno C. Ryan Catherine Itsiopoulos Tania Thodis Glenn Ward Nicholas Trost Sophie Hofferberth Kerin O’Dea Paul V. Desmond Nathan A. Johnson Andrew M. Wilson | 2013 | Journal of Hepatology2013，，1： | 6 |
| 14 | Distinct Modes of Winter Arctic Sea Ice Motion and Their Associations with Surface Wind Variability显示文摘Using monthly mean sea ice velocity data obtained from the International Arctic Buoy Programme (IABP) for the period of 1979–1998 and the monthly mean NCEP/NCAR re-analysis dataset (1960–2002), we investigated the spatiotemporal evolution of the leading sea ice motion mode (based on a complex correlation matrix constructed of normalized sea ice motion velocity) and their association with sea level pressure (SLP) and the predominant modes of surface wind field variability. The results indicate that the leading winter sea ice motion mode’s spatial evolution is characterized by two alternating and distinct sea ice modes, or their linear combination. One mode (M1) shows a nearly closed cyclonic or anti-cyclonic circulation anomaly in the Arctic Basin and its marginal seas, resembling to a large extent the response of sea ice motion to the Arctic Oscillation (AO), as many previous studies have revealed. The other mode (M2) displays a coherent cyclonic or anti-cyclonic circulation anomaly with its center close to the Laptev Sea, which has not been identified in previous observational studies. In fact, M1 and M2 respectively reflect the responses of sea ice motion to two predominant modes of winter surface wind variability north of 70 ? N, which well correspond, with slight differences, to the first two modes of EOF analysis of winter monthly mean SLP north of 70 ? N. These slight differences in SLP anomalies lead to a difference of M2 from the response of sea ice motion to the dipole anomaly. Although the AO significantly influences sea ice motion, it is not crucial for the existence of M1. The new sea ice motion mode (M2) has the largest variance and clearly differs from the response of winter monthly mean sea ice motion to the dipole anomaly in SLP fields, and corresponding SLP anomalies also show differences compared to the dipole anomaly. This study indicates that in the Arctic Basin and its marginal seas, slight differences in SLP anomaly patterns can force distinctly different sea ice motion anomalies. | 武炳义 Mark A. JOHNSON | 2010 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2010，27，2： | 5 |
| 15 | 左氧氟沙星、加替沙星及莫西沙星对肺结核患者的早期及延长早期杀菌活性显示文摘目的:评估左氧氟沙星、加替沙星及莫西沙星等新氟喹诺酮类药物对肺结核患者的早期杀菌活性及延长早期杀菌活性。设计:随机开放临床试验。40例成年新诊断的涂阳肺结核患者(每组10例)分别每日单一接受异烟肼300mg,或左氧氟沙星1000mg,或加替沙星400mg,或莫西沙星400mg的7天治疗。治疗前2天及单药治疗7天期间,每日收集痰液进行定量培养。计量单药治疗开始的头2天(0-2天)及治疗后5天(2-7天)的菌量下降情况,以评估各药的早期及延长早期杀菌活性。对实验室工作人员关于病人治疗分组信息采用单盲法。结果:异烟肼的早期杀菌活性为0.67log10cfu/毫升/天,高于莫西沙星(0.33log10cfu/毫升/天)及加替沙星(0.35log10cfu/毫升/天)。与每日1000mg左氧氟沙星的早期杀菌活性(0.45log10cfu/毫升/天)相比,无统计学差异(P=0.14)。3种氟喹诺酮类药物的早期杀菌活性(0-2天)与延长早期杀菌活性(2-7天)相似。总体说来,氟喹诺酮类药物的延长早期杀菌活性高于异烟肼。结论:莫西沙星、加替沙星及高剂量左氧氟沙星,虽然略低于异烟肼,但均有良好的早期杀菌活性,并具有较高的延长早期杀菌活性。有理由对这些药物敏感的结核病人进行进一步的治疗研究。 | J. L. Johnson D. J. Hadad W. H. Boom C. L. Daley C. A. Peloquin K. D. Eisenach D. D. Jankus S. M. Debanne E. D. Charlebois E. Maciel M. Palaci R. Dietzet 马玙(译) 屠德华(校) 张立兴(审) | 2006 | 国际结核病与肺部疾病杂志2006，1，2： | 5 |
| 16 | Exercise and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘 | Shelley E. Keating Daniel A. Hackett Jacob George Nathan A. Johnson | 2012 | Journal of Hepatology2012，，1： | 4 |
| 17 | The Endothelial-Specific MicroRNA miR-126 Governs Vascular Integrity and Angiogenesis显示文摘 | Shusheng Wang Arin B. Aurora Brett A. Johnson Xiaoxia Qi John McAnally Joseph A. Hill James A. Richardson Rhonda Bassel-Duby Eric N. Olson | 2008 | Developmental Cell2008，，2： | 4 |
| 18 | Phylogenomic delineation of Physcomitrium (Bryophyta: Funariaceae) based on targeted sequencing of nuclear exons and their flanking regions rejects the retention of Physcomitrella, Physcomitridium and Aphanorrhegma显示文摘Selection on spore dispersal mechanisms in mosses is thought to shape the transformation of the sporophyte. The majority of extant mosses develop a sporangium that dehisces through the loss of an operculum, and regulates spore release through the movement of articulate teeth, the peristome, lining the capsule mouth. Such complexity was acquired by the Mesozoic Era, but was lost in some groups during subsequent diversification events, challenging the resolution of the affinities for taxa with reduced architectures. The Funariaceae are a cosmopolitan and diverse lineage of mostly annual mosses, and exhibit variable sporophyte complexities, spanning from long, exerted, operculate capsules with two rings of well‐developed teeth, to capsules immersed among maternal leaves, lacking a differentiated line of dehiscence (i.e., inoperculate) and without peristomes. The family underwent a rapid diversification, and the relationships of taxa with reduced sporophytes remain ambiguous. Here, we infer the relationships of five taxa with highly reduced sporophytes based on 648 nuclear loci (exons complemented by their flanking regions), based on inferences from concatenated data and concordance analysis of single gene trees. Physcomitrellopsis is resolved as nested within one clade of Entosthodon. Physcomitrella s. l., is resolved as a polyphyletic assemblage and, along with its putative relative Aphanorrhegma, nested within Physcomitrium. We propose a new monophyletic delineation of Physcomitrium, which accommodates species of Physcomitrella and Aphanorrhegma. The monophyly of Physcomitrium s. l. is supported by a small plurality of exons, but a majority of trees inferred from exons and their adjacent non‐coding regions. | Rafael Medina Matthew G. Johnson Yang Liu Norman J. Wickett A. Jonathan Shaw Bernard Goffinet | 2019 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2019，57，4： | 3 |
| 19 | Investigation of ductile iron casting process parameters using Taguchi approach and response surface methodology显示文摘To find the optimized levels of various casting parameters in the ductile iron casting, various casting defects and the rejection rate were observed from a medium scale foundry. The controlled values of different casting parameters such as pouring temperature, inoculation, carbon equivalent, moisture content, green compression strength, permeability and mould hardness were selected. Three different melts of metal with 0.4wt.%, 0.6wt.%, and 0.8wt.% inoculation(Fe-Si-Mg alloy and post inoculant) were produced using a 1-ton capacity coreless medium frequency induction furnace. L-27 orthogonal array with 3-level settings were chosen for the analysis. Responses for each run were observed. The signal-to-noise(S/N) ratio for each run was calculated using the Taguchi approach, and the optimized levels of different casting parameters were identified based on the S/N ratio. The analysis of variance for the casting acceptance percentage concludes that inoculation is the most significant factor affecting the castings' quality with a contribution percentage of 44%; an increase in inoculation results in a significant improvement in acceptance percentage of ductile iron castings. The experiment results showed that with the optimized parameters, the rejection rate was reduced from 16.98% to 6.07%. | A. Johnson Santhosh A. R. Lakshmanan | 2016 | China Foundry2016，13，5： | 3 |
| 20 | The New Revised Classification of Acute Pancreatitis 2012显示文摘 | Michael G. Sarr Peter A. Banks Thomas L. Bollen Christos Dervenis Hein G. Gooszen Colin D. Johnson Gregory G. Tsiotos Santhi Swaroop Vege | 2013 | Surgical Clinics of North America2013，，3： | 3 |
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