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| 1 | 帕博利珠单抗单用或与放疗联用治疗转移性非小细胞肺癌:两个随机试验的汇总分析显示文摘背景放疗可以提高整个机体对免疫治疗的应答。在Ⅱ期PEMBRO-RT研究和Ⅰ/Ⅱ期MDACC研究中,患有转移性非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的患者被随机分配入组,接受免疫治疗(帕博利珠单抗)+放疗联合疗法,或免疫治疗单一疗法。当上述2个研究单独分析时,联合疗法组显示出潜在获益。由于每个研究的样本量较小,缓解率和结局并未显示出统计学意义,然而却有显著的临床获益。因此,本研究进行汇总分析,来判断放疗是否会改善转移性NSCLC患者的免疫治疗应答。方法PEMBRO-RT和MDACC研究纳入标准:患者年龄≥18岁,患有转移性NSCLC,且有≥1处未经放疗照射的病灶,以便进行射野外应答监测。PEMBRO-RT研究纳入曾接受过化疗患者,MDACC研究纳入曾接受过治疗或新诊断患者。2个研究中的患者均未接受过免疫治疗。在PEMBRO-RT研究中患者被等比例随机分配入组,并根据吸烟状态进行分层(分为<10年组和≥10年组)。MDACC研究的患者根据放疗计划可行性被等比例随机分配入2个受试组。由于联合治疗组的干预本质,每个研究中的放疗均不适用盲法。在2个研究中,不论是否进行放疗,均静脉滴入帕博利珠单抗(每3周200 mg)。在PEMBRO-RT研究中,在放疗(24 Gy 3次分割照射)结束后1周给予第1剂帕博利珠单抗。在MDACC研究中,在第1次放疗(50 Gy 4次分割照射或45 Gy 15次分割照射)同时给予帕博利珠单抗。仅检测未经照射病灶的应答。本研究的终点为最佳射野外(远隔)应答率(ARR)、最佳射野外疾病控制率(ACR)、12周时ARR、12周时ACR、无进展生存期(PFS)和总生存期(OS)。2个研究的意向治疗(ITT)人群均纳入分析。PEMBRO-RT研究(NCT02492568)和MDACC研究(NCT02444741)均在ClinicalTrials.gov上注册。发现纳入148例患者,76例接受帕博利珠单抗治疗,72例接受帕博利珠单抗+放疗治疗。所有患者随访时间中位数为33个月[四分位距(IQR):32.4~33.6]。148例患者中124例(84%)组织学特征为非鳞癌,111例(75%)患者曾经接受过化疗。组间没有基线特征差异,包括PD-L1表达状态和转移灶体积。最常见的照射部位为肺转移灶(39%,28/72)、胸腔内淋巴结(21%,15/72)和非原发灶(17%,12/72)。帕博利珠单抗组和联合治疗组的最佳ARR分别为19.7%(15/76)和41.7%(30/72),OR=2.96,95%CI:1.42~6.20,P=0.0039;最佳ACR分别为43.4%(33/76)和65.3%(47/72),OR=2.51,95%CI:1.28~4.91,P=0.0071;PFS中位数分别为4.4(IQR:2.9~5.9)和9.0个月(IQR:6.8~11.2),HR=0.67,95%CI:0.45~0.99,P=0.045;OS中位数分别为8.7(IQR:6.4~11.0)和19.2个月(IQR:14.6~23.8),OR=0.67,95%CI:0.54~0.84,P=0.0004。在汇总分析中没有发现新的安全问题。解读帕博利珠单抗免疫疗法+放疗显著提高转移性NSCLC患者的应答和改善治疗结局。这些结果需要在三期临床试验中进行验证。 | 陈大卫(翻译) 于金明(校对) Willemijn S M E Theelen Vivek Verma Brian P Hobbs Heike M U Peulen Joachim G J V Aerts Idris Bahce Anna Larissa N Niemeijer Joe Y Chang Patricia M de Groot Quynh-Nhu Nguyen Nathan I Comeaux George R Simon Ferdinandos Skoulidis Steven H Lin Kewen He Roshal Patel John Heymach Paul Baas James W Welsh | 2021 | 中华肿瘤防治杂志2021，28，24： | 49 |
| 2 | Overexpression of ADAM9 in non-small cell lung cancer correlates with brain metastasis显示文摘The 'a disintegrin and metalloprotease' (ADAM) family contributes to regulation of the cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions that are critical determinants of malignancy. To determine the relationship between metastasis and ADAM proteins, we compared the mRNA levels of ADAM9,-10,-12,-15, and-17 in sublines of an EBC-1 lung cancer cell line that were highly metastatic to either brain or bone. ADAM9 mRNA levels were significantly higher in highly brain-metastatic sublines than in the parent or highly bonemetastalic sublines. To elucidate the role ofADAM9 in brain metastasis, we stably transfected A549 and EBC-1 cells with a fulllength ADAM9 expression vector. Compared with mock-transfectants, ADAM9 overexpression resulted in increased invasive capacity | Shintani Y Higashiyama S Ohta M Hirabayashi H Yamamoto S Yoshimasu T Matsuda H Matsuura N | 2004 | 中国神经肿瘤杂志2004，2，2： | 36 |
| 3 | AGNP精神科治疗药物监测共识指南:2011显示文摘治疗药物监测(Therapeutic drug monitoring,TDM),如通过定量测定血清或血浆药物浓度指导用药剂量优化,已经成为对患者进行精神药物治疗的很有价值的工具。在患者用药依从性难以判断、药物耐受性不佳、治疗剂量下无效以及可能存在药代动力学药物-药物相互作用等情况下,测定药物浓度是很有用的。在精神科,有可能明显获益于TDM的主要患者群体包括儿童、孕妇、老年患者、智力障碍患者、涉及司法的患者、已知或怀疑携带药代动力学相关基因变异的患者,以及合并躯体疾病影响药代动力学的患者。然而,只有将TDM充分整合到临床治疗过程中去,才能发挥其优化药物治疗的潜在优势。为了促进TDM的合理应用,神经精神药理学与药物精神病学协会(Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Neuropsychopharmakologie und Pharmakopsychiatrie,AGNP)的TDM专家组在2004年发表了精神药物治疗药物监测指南。之后,随着知识不断更新,又有许多可能需要进行TDM的新药上市。因此,本次更新将神经精神药物的种类扩展到了128种,并将其TDM必要性划分为从'强烈推荐'到'可能有用'的四个等级。经过大量细致且全面的文献检索与分门别类的汇总整理,将基于循证医学理念的'治疗参考浓度范围'和'剂量相关参考浓度范围'呈现给大家。本共识指南引入了'实验室警戒浓度'的新概念,即实验室需要马上告知治疗医生的药物浓度上限。本共识指南还给出了诸如药物作为细胞色素P450酶的底物和抑制剂的性质,代谢物与母药浓度比值的常见范围,以及与结果解释相关的内容,还提供了何时将TDM与遗传药理学检测相结合的建议。遵循本指南,有助于改善许多患者精神药物治疗的效果,特别是那些存在药代动力学异常的患者。TDM是一门交叉学科,有时针对看起来不一致的数据,需要多学科坦诚地讨论,只有这样,患者才能从这种合作中获益。 | Hiemke C Baumann P Bergemann N Conca A Dietmaier O Egberts K Fric M Gerlach M Greiner C Gründer G Haen E Havemann-Reinecke U Jaquenoud Sirot E Kirchherr H Laux G Lutz UC Messer T Müller MJ Pfuhlmann B Rambeck B Riederer P Schoppek B Stingl J Uhr M Ulrich S Waschgler R Zernig G 李文标(译) 果伟(译) 阮灿军(译) 贺静(译) 汤宜朗(审校) 王传跃(审校) | 2016 | 实用药物与临床2016，19，10： | 37 |
| 4 | 帕博利珠单抗治疗伴脑转移NSCLC患者的一项非随机、开放Ⅱ期试验的长期随访结果和生物标志物分析显示文摘背景与目的我们开展了一项帕博利珠单抗用于伴未治疗脑转移的非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)或黑色素瘤患者的疗效和安全性的II期试验,旨在评估程序性死亡受体1(programmed cell death 1,PD-1)抑制剂在中枢神经系统(central nervous system,CNS)中的疗效。中期结果已发表,现报道对NSCLC队列的更新分析结果。方法这是一项开放性、单中心、II期试验。纳入标准:年龄≥18岁,诊断为晚期NSCLC并伴有≥1个5 mm-20 mm脑转移病灶,既往从未治疗或之前放疗后进展,无神经系统症状,不需要激素治疗且美国东部肿瘤协作组(Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group,ECOG)<2分。患者每2周接受一次帕博利珠单抗(10 mg/kg)治疗。队列1为程序性死亡配体1(programmed cell death ligand 1,PD-L1)≥1%的患者,队列2为PD-L1<1%或未评估的患者。主要终点是脑转移患者缓解比例。所有经治患者均纳入疗效与安全性终点的分析。该研究已结束入组,并于Clinicaltrials.gov登记注册,注册号为NCT02085070。结果2014年3月31日-2018年5月21日,共42例患者接受治疗。中位随访时间为8.3个月(IQR:4.5个月-26.2个月)。队列1的37例患者中11例有脑转移缓解[29.7%(95%CI:15.9%-47.0%)]。队列2未观察到缓解。治疗相关的3级-4级不良事件(adverse events,AEs)包括2例肺炎、1例全身症状、1例结肠炎、1例肾上腺皮质功能不全、1例高血糖症和1例低钾血症。6例(14%)患者发生了治疗相关的严重不良事件,包括肺炎、急性肾损伤、低钾血症和肾上腺皮质功能不全。没有观察到治疗相关死亡病例。结论帕博利珠单抗治疗PD-L1≥1%的NSCLC伴脑转移患者有效,且对所有纳入的未经治疗的脑转移患者安全。需要进一步探索免疫治疗用于NSCLC合并CNS转移。 | Sarah B GOLDBERG Kurt A SCHALPER Scott N GETTINGER Amit MAHAJAN Roy S HERBST Anne C CHANG Rogerio LILENBAUM Frederick H WILSON Sacit Bulent OMAY James B YU Lucia JILAVEANU Thuy TRAN Kira PAVLIK Elin ROWEN Heather GERRSH Annette KOMLO Richa GUPTA Hailey WYATT Matthew RIBEIRO Yuval KLUGER Geyu ZHOU Wei WEI Veronica L CHANG Harriet M KLUGER 董晓荣(翻译/校对) | 2021 | 中国肺癌杂志2021，24，9： | 34 |
| 5 | 世界胃肠病学组织全球指南——发展中国家幽门螺杆菌感染显示文摘世界上有一半人口感染幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori),其感染率因地理位置、种族、年龄和社会经济状况不同而存在很大差异.在发展中国家较高.发达国家较低。但总体而言,近年世界许多地区的H.pylori感染率均呈下降趋势。 | Hunt RH Xiao SD Megraud F Leon-Barua R Bazzoli F van der Merwe S Vaz Coelho LG Fock M Fedail S Cohen H Malfertheiner P Vakil N Hamid S Goh KL Wong BCY Krabshuis J Le Mair A 杜颖 戴宁 | 2011 | 胃肠病学2011，16，7： | 27 |
| 6 | 2018加拿大心境障碍与焦虑障碍治疗协作组/国际双相障碍学会指南:双相障碍的管理显示文摘加拿大心境障碍与焦虑障碍治疗协作组(Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments,CANMAT)曾于2005年发布了第1版双相障碍管理指南,并分别于2007、2009和2013年对该指南进行了更新,其中最近的2次更新是与国际双相障碍学会(International Society for Bipolar Disorders,ISBD)合作完成。2018版CANMAT/ISBD双相障碍治疗指南(以下简称指南)反映了自2005年首版指南发表以来本领域取得的重大进展,包括疾病诊断与疾病管理的更新以及药物治疗与心理治疗的近期研究进展。这些前沿进展中综合考虑了循证证据的级别,并基于治疗疗效、临床实践经验、安全性、耐受性和药物导致的转相风险等,对一线、二线及三线治疗方案进行了简明而清晰的推荐。本指南中新增内容涵盖了双相Ⅰ型障碍(BD-Ⅰ)的躁狂发作急性期、抑郁发作急性期和双相障碍维持期的一线及二线治疗推荐等级划分。这种对治疗推荐等级的划分综合考虑了治疗方法对双相障碍不同时相的影响,将进一步帮助临床医生做出基于循证证据的治疗决策。锂盐、喹硫平、双丙戊酸盐、阿塞那平、阿立哌唑、帕利哌酮、利培酮和卡利拉嗪单药或联合使用被推荐为躁狂发作急性期的一线治疗选择。BD-Ⅰ抑郁期的一线治疗选择包括喹硫平、鲁拉西酮、锂盐、拉莫三嗪单药,鲁拉西酮联合锂盐或双丙戊酸盐或拉莫三嗪辅助治疗。尽管急性期治疗有效的药物通常应继续用于BD-Ⅰ的维持期治疗,但也存在一些特殊情况(例如抗抑郁药)。现有数据表明,锂盐、喹硫平、双丙戊酸盐、拉莫三嗪、阿塞那平和阿立哌唑单药或联合治疗应被视为维持治疗的初始或更换治疗方案时的一线选择。除了探讨BD-Ⅰ的相关问题外,本指南中还对双相Ⅱ型障碍(BD-Ⅱ)的临床管理进行了系统回顾并给予治疗推荐,同时针对特殊人群也有相关推荐,如处于各个生殖周期的女性、儿童、青少年和老年人。此外,本指南中还讨论了特定精神疾病及共病(如物质滥用、焦虑障碍和代谢性疾病)的影响。最后,本指南中概述了安全性和药物监测的相关问题。CANMAT/ISBD工作组希望本指南能够成为全球临床医生的实用工具。 | Lakshmi N Yatham Sidney H Kennedy Sagar V Parikh Ayal Sehaffer David J Bond Benicio N Frey Verinder Sharma Benjamin I Goldstein Soham Rej Serge Beaulieu Martin Alda Glenda MaeQueen Roumen V Milev Arun Ravindran Claire O'Donovan Diane Mclntosh Raymond W Lam Gustavo Vazquez Flavio Kapczinski Roger S Melntyre Jan Kozicky Shigenobu Kanba Beny Lafer Trisha Suppes Joseph R Calabrese Eduard Vieta Gin Malhi Robert M Post Michael Berk 胡晨(译) 王刚(译) | 2019 | 中华精神科杂志2019，52，1： | 25 |
| 7 | 血管性认知障碍的诊断标准:国际血管性行为与认知障碍学会的申明显示文摘长期以来,脑血管病(CVD)就被认为是认知损害的一个重要原因,但是有关脑血管病后认知障碍的概念化却有着一段多变的历史。'动脉变硬'或脑的动脉粥样硬化是'老化'的原因,是存在已久的观点,在20世纪60年代受到了来自英格兰纽卡斯尔的神经病理学研究的质疑。这些研究表明,血管性痴呆(vascular dementia,Va D)与超过一定程度的多发性脑梗死有关。 | 徐岩 郭起浩 Sachdev P Kalaria R O'Brien J Skoog I Alladi S Black SE Blacker D Blazer DG Chen C Chui H Ganguli M Jellinger K Jeste DV Pasquier F Paulsen J Prins N Rockwood K Roman G Scheltens P | 2014 | 神经病学与神经康复学杂志2014，11，3： | 19 |
| 8 | 内脏脂肪组织通过产生骨桥蛋白调控成纤维细胞衰老促进心脏衰老显示文摘老化通过增加包括骨桥蛋白(osteopontin,OPN)在内的细胞外基质(extracellular matrix,ECM)蛋白的沉积引起心脏结构和功能改变进而导致进行性间质纤维化。虽然已知OPN参与各种病理状况,但其在心肌衰老中的作用仍不清楚。 | Sawaki D Czibik G Pini M Ternacle J Suffee N Mercedes R Marcelin G Surenaud M Marcos E Gual P Clément K Hue S Adnot S Hatem SN Tsuchimochi I Yoshimitsu T Hénégar C Derumeaux G 刘青 叶鹏 | 2018 | 中华高血压杂志2018，26，3： | 14 |
| 9 | Subclinical abnormal glucose tolerance is a predictor of death in liver cirrhosis显示文摘AIM:To determine if subclinical abnormal glucose tolerance(SAGT)has influence on survival of non-diabetic patients with liver cirrhosis.METHODS:In total,100 patients with compensatedliver cirrhosis and normal fasting plasma glucose were included.Fasting plasma insulin(FPI)levels were measured,and oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)was performed.According to OGTT results two groups of patients were formed:those with normal glucose tolerance(NGT)and those with SAGT.Patients were followed every three months.The mean follow-up was932 d(range of 180-1925).Survival was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meyer method,and predictive factors of death were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazard regression model.RESULTS:Of the included patients,30 showed NGT and70 SAGT.Groups were significantly different only in age,INR,FPI and HOMA2-IR.Patients with SAGT showed lower 5-year cumulated survival than NGT patients(31.7%vs 71.6%,P=0.02).Differences in survival were significant only after 3 years of follow-up.SAGT,Child-Pugh B,and high Child-Pugh and Model for EndStage Liver Disease(MELD)scores were independent predictors of death.The causes of death in 90.3%of cases were due to complications related to liver disease.CONCLUSION:SAGT was associated with lower survival.SAGT,Child-Pugh B,and high Child-Pugh and MELD scores were independent negative predictors of survival. | Diego García-Compeán Joel Omar Jáquez-Quintana Fernando Javier Lavalle-González José Alberto González-González Linda Elsa Mu?oz-Espinosa Jesús Zacarías Villarreal-PérezEndocrinology Service and Department of Internal Medicine University Hospital 'Dr. José E. González' and Medical School Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Monterrey 64320 México Héctor J Maldonado-Garza | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，22： | 12 |
| 10 | 充液功能梯度材料圆柱壳振动特性的波动解显示文摘利用波动法,研究充满非粘滞不可压缩流体的,功能梯度材料圆柱壳的振动特性.相关的轴向形态用指数函数来近似,在两端简支、一端固支另一端简支和两端固支边界条件下,计及流体的影响,理论研究了壳的振动频率.通过与现有文献研究结果的比较,验证了该方法的有效性和精确性,发现二者吻合得很好. | Z·伊克巴尔 M·N·纳伊姆 N·萨尔塔纳 S·H·阿沙德 A·沙赫 | 2009 | 应用数学和力学2009，30，11： | 12 |
| 11 | 国际胃袖状切除专家共识:基于>12000手术病例的最佳操作指南显示文摘腹腔镜胃袖状切除术(1aparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy,LSG)系相对较新的减重手术方式。因其操作相对简单、治疗肥胖合并疾病及减重效果明显,逐步得以广泛接受。目前美国代谢与减重手术协会将其推荐为肥胖症治疗的单独标准术式。2011年3月25~26日, | 苏远涛 徐安安 朱江帆 Diaz AA Arvidsson D Baker RS Basso N Bellanger D Boza C El Mourad H France M Gagner M Galvao-Neto M Higa KD Himpens J Hutchinson CM Jacobs M Jorgensen JO Jossart G Lakdawala M Nguyen NT Nocca D Prager G Pomp A Ramos AC Rosenthal RJ Shah S Vix M Wittgrove A Zundel N | 2013 | 中国微创外科杂志2013，13，9： | 12 |
| 12 | 脉搏波传导速度预测青年人血压进展与高血压发生显示文摘该研究旨在评估脉搏波传导速度(pulse wave velocity,PWV)是否能够预测青年人血压进展及高血压的发生,并探讨除传统心血管病危险因素外,PWV是否可改善高血压发生的风险预测。Koivistoinen等于2007年及2011年分别测量1449例芬兰成人(年龄30~45岁)的收缩压及舒张压水平。此外,于2007年还测定了其PWV及其他心血管病危险因素。 | Koivistoinen T Lyytik?inen LP Aatola H Luukkaala T Juonala M Viikari J Lehtim?ki T Raitakari OT K?h?nen M Hutri-K?h?nen N 赵狄 练桂丽 | 2018 | 中华高血压杂志2018，26，1： | 12 |
| 13 | Serum leptin levels and insulin resistance are associated with gallstone disease in overweight subjects显示文摘AIM: To establish an association between the serum leptin levels and the development of gallstone disease (GD).METHODS: We carried out a non-matched case-controlled study in a university hospital in Mexico City. Two hundred and eighty-seven subjects were included: 97 cases with gallstones and 190 controls. Body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma leptin, insulin, serum lipid, and lipoprotein levels were measured. Insulin resistance was calculated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). Unconditional logistic regression analysis (univariate and multivariate)stratified by BMI was used to calculate the risk of GD.RESULTS: The multivariate conditional regression analysis revealed a model for those patients with BMI <30. The selected variables in the model were HOMA-IR index with OR = 1.31, P= 0.02 and leptin higher than median with OR = 2.11, P= 0.05. In the stratum of BMI ≥30, we did not find a useful model.CONCLUSION: We concluded that insulin resistance and the development of GD appears to be associated with serum leptin levels in subjects with overweight, but not in obese subjects with similar metabolic profiles. | Nahum Méndez-Sánchez Luisa B Bermejo-Martínez Yolanda Vi(n|~)als Norberto C Chavez-Tapia Irina Vander Graff Guadalupe Ponciano-Rodríguez Martha H Ramos Misael Uribe | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，39： | 11 |
| 14 | Reversibility of minimal hepatic encephalopathy following liver transplantation in Egyptian cirrhotic patients显示文摘AIM To evaluate the reversibility of minimal hepatic encephalopathy(MHE) following liver transplantation(LT) in Egyptian cirrhotic patients. METHODS This prospective study included twenty patients with biopsy-proven liver cirrhosis listed for LT and twenty ageand sex-matched healthy control subjects. All underwent neuro-psychiatric examination, laboratory investigations, radiological studies and psychometric tests including trail making test A(TMT A), TMT B, digit symbol test and serial dotting test. The psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score(PHES) was calculated for patients to diagnose MHE. Psychometric tests were repeated six months following LT in the cirrhotic patient group. RESULTS Before LT, psychometric tests showed highly significant deficits in cirrhotic patients in comparison to controls(P < 0.001). There was a statistically significant improvement in test values in the patient group after LT; however, their values were still significantly worse than those of the controls(P < 0.001). The PHES detected MHE in 16 patients(80%) before LT with a median value of -7 ± 3.5. The median PHES value was significantly improved following LT, reaching-4.5 ± 5(P < 0.001), and the number of patients with MHE decreased to 11(55%). The pre-transplant model for end-stage liver disease(MELD) score ≥ 15 was significantly related to the presence of post-transplant MHE(P = 0.005). More patients in whom reversal of MHE was observed had a pre-transplant MELD score < 15.CONCLUSION Reversal of MHE in cirrhotic patients could be achieved by LT, especially in those with a MELD score < 15. | Mahmoud A Osman Moataz M Sayed Khaled A Mansour Shereen A Saleh Wesam A Ibrahim Sara M Abdelhakam Mohamed Bahaa Wael A Yousry Hosam S Elbaz Reginia N Mikhail Azza M Hassan Ehab H Elsayed Dalia A Mahmoud | 2016 | World Journal of Hepatology2016，8，30： | 11 |
| 15 | Polymorphisms of MTHFD,plasma homocysteine levels, and risk of gastric cancer in ahigh-risk Chinese population显示文摘Purpose:Accumulative evidence suggests that folate has a protective effect on gastric cancer. The methylenetetrahyd-rofolate dlehydrogenase(MTHFD) plays an important role in folate and homocysteine metabolisms, and polymorphisms of MTHFD may result in disturbance of the folate-mediated homocysteine pathway. The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that genetic variants of MTHFD and plasma homocysteine levels are associated with risk of gastric cancer and modulated by genotypes of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(MTHFR). Experimental Design: We genotyped G1958A and T401C in MTHFD and C677T in MTHFR and detected total plasma homocysteine(tHcy) levels in a case-control study of 589 gastric cancer cases and 635 cancer-free controls in a high-risk Chinese population. Results:The variant genotypes of MTHFD 1958AA and 401CC were associated with a significantly increased risk of gastric canceradjusted odds ratio(OR), 2.05; 95% confidence interval(95% CI),1.34-3.13 for 1958AA; adjusted OR,1.43; 95% CI,1.14-1.80 for 401CC compared with 1958GG/GA and 401TT/TC genotypes, respectively. Both of the effects were more evident in the subjects carrying MTHFR 677CT/TT genotypes. The average tHcy level was significantly higher in gastric cancer cases than in controls(P < 0.01), and the upper quartile of tHcy (> 13.6 mu mol/L) was associated with an 82% significantly increased risk of gastric cancer, compared with the lowest quartile of tHcy(<= 8.0 pmol/L;adjusted OR,1.82; 95% CI,1.20-2.75). Conclusions:The strong associations between MTHFD variants and the plasma tHcy levels and gastric cancer risk suggest, for the first time, a possible gene-environment interaction between genetic variants of folate-metabolizing genes and high tHcy levels in gastric carcinogenesis. | Wang, L. N Ke, Q Chen, W. S Wang, J. M Tan, Y. F Zhou, Y Hua, Z. L Ding, W. L Niu, J. Y Shen, J Zhang, Z. F Wang, X. R Xu, Y. H Shen, H. B Yi Xing | 2007 | 南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)2007，27，7： | 10 |
| 16 | 静脉血栓栓塞症的抗血栓治疗:美国《胸科学》杂志指南显示文摘包括深静脉血栓和肺栓塞在内的静脉血栓栓塞症是癌症患者的主要并发症,发生率为4%~20%,并且是常见的潜在致命性急症。本文介绍了美国《胸科学》杂志指南中VET的抗血栓治疗的部分内容,其以第9版《美国胸内科医师学会循证临床实践指南》中的《静脉血栓栓塞症的抗血栓治疗:抗血栓治疗和阻止血栓形成》一文为参照,基于静脉血栓栓塞症治疗的Ⅲ期试验的发表年份,对口服抗凝剂(达比加群、利伐沙班、阿哌沙班、依度沙班)进行先后阐述(但是这一排序并不是指南专家组对药剂的优劣排序),以为临床医生提供参考。 | Kearon C Akl EA Ornelas J Blaivas A Jimenez D Bounameaux H Huisman M King CS MorrisT Sood N Stevens SM Vintch JRE Wells P Woller SC Moores CL 本刊编辑部 | 2016 | 中国全科医学2016，19，9： | 10 |
| 17 | 血浆亲环蛋白A水平对冠状动脉疾病患者预后的影响显示文摘氧化应激状态下,血管平滑肌细胞、炎症细胞分泌亲环蛋白A(cyclophilin A,CyPA),并激活血小板功能。最近研究表明,血浆CyPA水平是诊断冠状动脉疾病的新型生物标志物。血浆CyPA水平对这些患者的预后是否有影响仍未阐明。方法:连续纳入接受诊断性冠状动脉造影的患者511例,测定血浆CyPA水平、高敏C反应蛋白(high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,hsCRP)和血浆脑钠尿肽水平, | Ohtsuki T Satoh K Omura J Kikuchi N Satoh T Kurosawa R Nogi M Sunamura S Yaoita N Aoki T Tatebe S Sugimura K Takahashi J Miyata S Shimokawa H 刘莉 叶鹏 | 2017 | 中华高血压杂志2017，25，2： | 9 |
| 18 | 水解蛋白质化学改性(英文)显示文摘从含铬废弃物提取的水解蛋白质与不同量的戊二醛 ,在不同的温度下反应。用聚酰胺凝胶电泳法 (SDS -PAGE)分析了改性蛋白质的分子量及分子量分布。用CanonManning粘度法测定了改性产物的粘度。实验表明改性产物的分子量随戊二醛的用量增加而增加。最佳的戊二醛用量约为水解胶原质量的 12 % ,反应温度大于 6 0℃。同时 ,用改性产物做了皮革的填充实验 ,用萤光标记改性胶原 ,通过扫描电镜研究了填充皮革的纤维结构。研究结果表明 ,改性产物具有较好的填充性能 ,采用适当的应用工艺 ,改性产物可能用作皮革填充剂。 | 陈武勇 Brown E M Taylor M M Cooke P H Marmer W N | 2002 | 四川大学学报(工程科学版)2002，34，6： | 9 |
| 19 | 铅对肾上腺皮质细胞线粒体的氧化损伤显示文摘【目的】研究铅对肾上腺皮质细胞氧化应激和线粒体功能的影响 ,为了解其肾上腺皮质毒作用机制提供依据。【方法】原代分离培养豚鼠肾上腺皮质细胞 ,以 0、6 2 5、12 5、2 5、5 0、10 0 μmol/L醋酸铅 (PbAc)处理细胞 ,观察PbAc诱导肾上腺皮质细胞活性氧 (ROS)产生和线粒体损伤作用。ROS检测采用荧光分光光度法 ,线粒体膜电位 (MMP)和细胞存活状态采用Rh12 3和PI双标记、流式细胞术检测 ,细胞ATP水平采用化学发光法测定。【结果】PbAc染毒后肾上腺皮质细胞ROS形成水平随剂量增加而增加 ,具有剂量效应关系 [^y=4 16 +10 2 1× 1g(x+1) ,P <0 0 1,R2 =0 6 41];线粒体膜电位呈剂量依赖性降低 ,Rh12 3的平均荧光强度 (MFI)在 6 2 5~ 10 0 μmol/L各剂量组依次为 1 0 1,0 94,0 96 ,0 95和 0 91,与对照组(1 35 )比较具有显著性差异 (P <0 0 1) ;染毒后细胞死亡率轻度增加 ,与对照组 (1 0 2 % )比较 ,5 0 μmol/L和 10 0 μmol/L的PbAc组分别为 3 16 %和 3 40 % ,差异具有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ;ATP水平降低与PbAc剂量之间存在剂量效应关系 [^y =2 12 96 5 7- 5 15 92 5× 1g(x +1) ,P <0 0 1,R2 =0 5 6 8],剂量和时间对ATP水平的影响呈协同抑制作用 (P <0 0 1)。【结论】线粒体氧化应激介导肾? | 杨杏芬 庄志雄 魏青 凌莉 范瑞泉 Shen H M Ong C N | 2001 | 中山医科大学学报2001，22，1： | 8 |
| 20 | 急性脊髓损伤患者治疗的临床操作指南:关于MRI基线在临床治疗决策与结果预测中作用的几点建议(英文)显示文摘The objective of this guideline is to outline the role of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) in clinical decision making and outcome prediction in patients with traumatic spinal cord injury(SCI).Methods A systematic review of the literature was conducted to address key questions related to the use of MRI in patients with traumatic SCI.This review focused on longitudinal studies that controlled for baseline neurologic status.A multidisciplinary Guideline Development Group(GDG) used this information,their clinical expertise,and patient input to develop recommendations on the use of MRI for SCI patients.Based on GRADE(Grading of Recommendation,Assessment,Development and Evaluation),a strong recommendation is worded as ' we recommend,' whereas a weaker recommendation is indicated by 'we suggest.' Results Based on the limited available evidence and the clinical expertise of the GDG,our recommendations were:(1) 'We suggest that MRI be performed in adult patients with acute SCI prior to surgical intervention,when feasible,to facilitate improved clinical decision-making'(quality of evidence,very low) and(2) 'We suggest that MRI should be performed in adult patients in the acute period following SCI,before or after surgical intervention,to improve prediction of neurologic outcome '(quality of evidence,low).Conclusions These guidelines should be implemented into clinical practice to improve outcomes and prognostication for patients with SCI. | Fehlings MG Martin AR Tetreault LA Aarabi B Anderson P Arnold PM Brodke D Burns AS Chiba K Dettori JR Furlan JC Hawryluk G Holly LT Howley S Jeji T Kalsi-Ryan S Kotter M Kurpad S Kwon BK Marino RJ Massicotte E Merli G Middleton JW Nakashima H Nagoshi N Palmieri K Singh A Skelly AC Tsai EC Vaccaro A Wilson JR Yee A Harrop JS | 2017 | 中华神经外科疾病研究杂志2017，16，6： | 8 |
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