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| 1 | AGNP精神科治疗药物监测共识指南:2011显示文摘治疗药物监测(Therapeutic drug monitoring,TDM),如通过定量测定血清或血浆药物浓度指导用药剂量优化,已经成为对患者进行精神药物治疗的很有价值的工具。在患者用药依从性难以判断、药物耐受性不佳、治疗剂量下无效以及可能存在药代动力学药物-药物相互作用等情况下,测定药物浓度是很有用的。在精神科,有可能明显获益于TDM的主要患者群体包括儿童、孕妇、老年患者、智力障碍患者、涉及司法的患者、已知或怀疑携带药代动力学相关基因变异的患者,以及合并躯体疾病影响药代动力学的患者。然而,只有将TDM充分整合到临床治疗过程中去,才能发挥其优化药物治疗的潜在优势。为了促进TDM的合理应用,神经精神药理学与药物精神病学协会(Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Neuropsychopharmakologie und Pharmakopsychiatrie,AGNP)的TDM专家组在2004年发表了精神药物治疗药物监测指南。之后,随着知识不断更新,又有许多可能需要进行TDM的新药上市。因此,本次更新将神经精神药物的种类扩展到了128种,并将其TDM必要性划分为从'强烈推荐'到'可能有用'的四个等级。经过大量细致且全面的文献检索与分门别类的汇总整理,将基于循证医学理念的'治疗参考浓度范围'和'剂量相关参考浓度范围'呈现给大家。本共识指南引入了'实验室警戒浓度'的新概念,即实验室需要马上告知治疗医生的药物浓度上限。本共识指南还给出了诸如药物作为细胞色素P450酶的底物和抑制剂的性质,代谢物与母药浓度比值的常见范围,以及与结果解释相关的内容,还提供了何时将TDM与遗传药理学检测相结合的建议。遵循本指南,有助于改善许多患者精神药物治疗的效果,特别是那些存在药代动力学异常的患者。TDM是一门交叉学科,有时针对看起来不一致的数据,需要多学科坦诚地讨论,只有这样,患者才能从这种合作中获益。 | Hiemke C Baumann P Bergemann N Conca A Dietmaier O Egberts K Fric M Gerlach M Greiner C Gründer G Haen E Havemann-Reinecke U Jaquenoud Sirot E Kirchherr H Laux G Lutz UC Messer T Müller MJ Pfuhlmann B Rambeck B Riederer P Schoppek B Stingl J Uhr M Ulrich S Waschgler R Zernig G 李文标(译) 果伟(译) 阮灿军(译) 贺静(译) 汤宜朗(审校) 王传跃(审校) | 2016 | 实用药物与临床2016，19，10： | 37 |
| 2 | Blood pressure gradients in cerebral arteries:a clue to pathogenesis of cerebral small vessel disease显示文摘rationale The role of hypertension in cerebral small vessel disease is poorly understood.At the base of the brain(the‘vascular centrencephalon’),short straight arteries transmit blood pressure directly to small resistance vessels;the cerebral convexity is supplied by long arteries with many branches,resulting in a drop in blood pressure.Hypertensive small vessel disease(lipohyalinosis)causes the classically described lacunar infarctions at the base of the brain;however,periventricular white matter intensities(WMIs)seen on MRI and WMI in subcortical areas over the convexity,which are often also called‘lacunes’,probably have different aetiologies.Objectives We studied pressure gradients from proximal to distal regions of the cerebral vasculature by mathematical modelling.Methods and results Blood flow/pressure equations were solved in an Anatomically Detailed Arterial Network(ADAN)model,considering a normotensive and a hypertensive case.Model parameters were suitably modified to account for structural changes in arterial vessels in the hypertensive scenario.Computations predict a marked drop in blood pressure from large and medium-sized cerebral vessels to cerebral peripheral beds.When blood pressure in the brachial artery is 192/113 mm Hg,the pressure in the small arterioles of the posterior parietal artery bed would be only 117/68 mm Hg.In the normotensive case,with blood pressure in the brachial artery of 117/75 mm Hg,the pressure in small parietal arterioles would be only 59/38 mm Hg.conclusion These findings have important implications for understanding small vessel disease.The marked pressure gradient across cerebral arteries should be taken into account when evaluating the pathogenesis of small WMIs on MRI.Hypertensive small vessel disease,affecting the arterioles at the base of the brain should be distinguished from small vessel disease in subcortical regions of the convexity and venous disease in the periventricular white matter. | Pablo J Blanco Lucas O Müller J David Spence | 2017 | Stroke & Vascular Neurology2017，2，3： | 9 |
| 3 | 血管紧张素Ⅱ2型受体的基因多态性(+1675G/A)对已接受治疗高血压患者的左心室肥大和左心室构型的作用显示文摘已有报道显示血管紧张素Ⅱ2型受体的基因多态性(AGTR2+1675G/A)与左心室肥大(left ventric-ular hypertrophy,LVH)相关。研究者检验这种基因多态性是否影响已按高血压治疗指南治疗的原发性高血压和心血管疾病患者的LVH和左心室构型参数。 | 张玲玉 叶鹏 Huber M V ller H Jakob S Reibis R Do V Bol-brinker J Zergibel I Schmieder RE Treszl A Wegscheider K Kreutz R | 2010 | 中华高血压杂志2010，18，12： | 6 |
| 4 | Simulation and calibration of granules using the discrete element method显示文摘The discrete element method(DEM), developed by Cundall and Strack(1979) to solve geomechanical problems, is used to simulate the mechanical behavior of granules. According to the DEM, an individual granule can be modeled as a realistic mechanical system consisting of primary particles bonded by interaction forces.Granulometric properties of the model material, zeolite 4A, have been measured to determine their macro properties. To investigate the compression behavior, a compression test was performed using a strength tester on single granules between two pistons. A modeled granule consisting of more than 22,000 primary particles was generated. The micro properties of the modeled granule have been precisely set to allow its macro properties to be equivalent to the macro properties of zeolite 4A granules. To calibrate the mechanical properties, diametrical compression was simulated using two rigid walls stressed at a constant stressing velocity. The force–displacement curve of the modeled granule at compression has been calibrated by the experimental curve of zeolite 4A. | Peter Müller Jürgen Tomas | 2014 | Particuology2014，12，1： | 3 |
| 5 | SolEmuls ? —novel technology for the formulation of i.v. emulsions with poorly soluble drugs显示文摘 | R.H Müller S Schmidt I Buttle A Akkar J Schmitt S Br?mer | 2003 | International Journal of Pharmaceutics2003，，2： | 3 |
| 6 | Influence of experimental soil disturbances on the diversity of plants in agricultural grasslands显示文摘Aims and Methods Disturbance is supposed to play an important role for biodiversity and ecosystem stability as described by the intermediate disturbance hypoth-esis(IDH),which predicts highest species richness at intermediate levels of disturbances.In this study,we tested the effects of artificial soil distur-bances on diversity of annual and perennial vascular plants and bryo-phytes in a field experiment in 86 agricultural grasslands differing in land use in two regions of Germany.On each grassland,we implemented four treatments:three treatments differing in application time of soil dis-turbances and one control.One year after experimental disturbance,we recorded vegetation and measured biomass productivity and bare ground.We analysed the disturbance response taking effects of region and land-use-accompanied disturbance regimes into account.Important Findings Region and land-use type strongly determined plant species rich-ness.Experimental disturbances had small positive effects on the species richness of annuals,but none on perennials or bryophytes.Bare ground was positively related to species richness of bryophytes.However,exceeding the creation of 12%bare ground further distur-bance had a detrimental effect on bryophyte species richness,which corresponds to the IDH.As biomass productivity was unaffected by disturbance our results indicate that the disturbance effect on spe-cies richness of annuals was not due to decreased overall produc-tivity,but rather due to short-term lowered inter-and intraspecific competition at the newly created microsites.Generally,our results highlight the importance of soil disturbances for species richness of annual plants and bryophytes in agricultural grasslands.However,most grasslands were disturbed naturally or by land-use practices and our additional experimental soil dis-turbances only had a small short-term effect.Overall,total plant diversity in grasslands seemed to be more limited by the availabil-ity of propagules rather than by suitable microsites for germination.Thus,nature conservation efforts to increase grassland diversity should focus on overcoming propagule limitation,for instance by additional sowing of seeds,while the creation of additional open patches by disturbance might only be appropriate where natural disturbances are scarce. | Jörg Müller Johannes Heinze Jasmin Joshi Steffen Boch Valentin H.Klaus Markus Fischer Daniel Prati | 2014 | Journal of Plant Ecology2014，7，6： | 3 |
| 7 | Digital templating in total hip arthroplasty:Additional anteroposterior hip view increases the accuracy显示文摘AIM To analyze planning total hip arthroplasty(THA) with an additional anteroposterior hip view may increases the accuracy of preoperative planning in THA.METHODS We conducted prospective digital planning in 100 consecutive patients: 50 of these procedures were planned using pelvic overview only(first group), and the other 50 procedures were planned using pelvic overview plus antero-posterior(a.p.) hip view(second group). The planning and the procedure of each patient were performed exclusively by the senior surgeon. Fifty procedures with retrospective analogues planning were used as the control group(group zero). After the procedure, the planning was compared with the eventually implanted components(cup and stem). For statistic analysis the x^2 test was used for nominal variables and the t test was used for a comparison of continuous variables.RESULTS Preoperative planning with an additional a.p. hip view(second group) significantly increased the exact component correlation when compared to pelvic overview only(first group) for both the acetabular cup and the femoral stem(76% cup and 66% stem vs 54% cup and 32% stem). When considering planning ± 1 size, the accuracy in the second group was 96%(48 of 50 patients) for the cup and 94% for the stem(47 of 50patients). In the analogue control group(group zero), an exact correlation was observed in only 1/3 of the cases.CONCLUSION Digital THA planning performed by the operating surgeon and based on additional a.p. hip view significantly increases the correlation between preoperative planning and eventual implant sizes. | Sophia K Stigler Franz J Müller Sebastian Pfaud Michael Zellner Bernd Füchtmeier | 2017 | World Journal of Orthopedics2017，8，1： | 3 |
| 8 | Distal Pancreatectomy: Risk Factors for Surgical Failure in 302 Consecutive Cases显示文摘 | J?rg Kleeff Markus K. Diener Kaspar Z?graggen Ulf Hinz Markus Wagner Jeannine Bachmann J?rg Zehetner Michael W. Müller Helmut Friess Markus W. Büchler | 2007 | Annals of Surgery2007，，4： | 3 |
| 9 | Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Management and Perspectives for the Future显示文摘 | Nuh N. Rahbari Arianeb Mehrabi Nathan M. Mollberg Sascha A. Müller Moritz Koch Markus W. Büchler Jürgen Weitz | 2011 | Annals of Surgery2011，，3： | 3 |
| 10 | Endoscopic findings in patients with Schatzki rings:Evidence for an association with eosinophilic esophagitis显示文摘AIM:To investigate endoscopic findings in patients with Schatzki rings(SRs) with a focus on evidence for eosinophilic esophagitis(EoE).METHODS:We consecutively approached all adult patients scheduled for elective outpatient upper endoscopy for a variety of indications at the German Diagnostic Clinic,Wiesbaden,Germany between July 2007 and July 2010.All patients with endoscopically diagnosed SRs,defined as thin,symmetrical,mucosal structures located at the esophagogastric junction,were prospectively registered.Additional endoscopic findings,clinical information and histopathological findings with a focus on esophageal eosinophilia(≥ 20 eosinophils/high power field) were recorded.The criteria for active EoE were defined as:(1) eosinophilic tissue infiltration ≥ 20 eosinophils/hpf;(2) symptoms of esophageal dysfunction;and(3) exclusion of other causes of esophageal eosinophilia.Gastroesophageal reflux disease was excluded by proton pump inhibitor treatment prior to endoscopy.The presence of ≥ 20 eosinophils/hpf in esophageal biopsies in patients that did not fulfil the criteria of EoE was defined as esophageal hypereosinophilia.RESULTS:A SR was diagnosed in 171(3.3%;128 males,43 females,mean age 66 ± 12.9 years) of the 5163 patients that underwent upper gastrointestinalendoscopy.Twenty of the 116 patients(17%) from whom esophageal biopsies were obtained showed histological hypereosinophilia(≥ 20 eosinophils/hpf).Nine of these patients(8 males,1 female,mean age 49 ± 10 years) did not fulfill all diagnostic criteria of EoE,whereas in 11(9%) patients with ≥ 20 eosinophils/hpf,a definite diagnosis of EoE was made.Three of the 11 patients(27%) with definite EoE had no suspicious endoscopic features of EoE.In contrast,in the 25 patients in whom EoE was suspected by endoscopic features,EoE was only confirmed in 7(28%) patients.Patients with EoE were younger(mean age 41.5 ± 6.5 vs 50.5 ± 11.5 years,P = 0.012),were more likely to have a history of allergies(73% vs 29%,P = 0.007) and complained more often of dysphagia(91% vs 34%,P = 0.004) and food impaction(36% vs 6%,P = 0.007) than patients without EoE.Endoscopically,additional webs were found significantly more often in patients with EoE than in patients without EoE(36% vs 11%,P = 0.04).Furthermore,the SR had a tendency to be narrower in patients with EoE than in those without EoE(36% vs 18%,P = 0.22).The percentage of males(73% vs 72%,P = 1.0) and frequency of heartburn(27% vs 27%,P = 1.0) were not significantly different in both groups.The 9 patients with esophageal hypereosinophilia that did not fulfil the diagnostic criteria of EoE were younger(mean age 49 ± 10 years vs 58 ± 6 years,P = 0.0008) and were more likely to have a history of allergies(78% vs 24%,P = 0.003) than patients with < 20 eosinophils/hpf.Predictors of EoE were younger age,presence of dysphagia or food impaction and a history of allergies.CONCLUSION:A significant proportion of patients with SRs also have EoE,which may not always be suspected according to other endoscopic features. | Michaela Müller Alexander J Eckardt Annette Fisseler-Eckhoff Susanne Haas Ines Gockel Till Wehrmann | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，47： | 2 |
| 11 | National Forest Inventories capture the multifunctionality of managed forests in Germany显示文摘Background:Forests perform various important ecosystem functions that contribute to ecosystem services.In many parts of the world,forest management has shifted from a focus on timber production to multi-purpose forestry,combining timber production with the supply of other forest ecosystem services.However,it is unclear which forest types provide which ecosystem services and to what extent forests primarily managed for timber already supply multiple ecosystem services.Based on a comprehensive dataset collected across 150 forest plots in three regions differing in management intensity and species composition,we develop models to predict the potential supply of 13 ecosystem services.We use those models to assess the level of multifunctionality of managed forests at the national level using national forest inventory data.Results:Looking at the potential supply of ecosystem services,we found trade-offs(e.g.between both bark beetle control or dung decomposition and both productivity or soil carbon stocks)as well as synergies(e.g.for temperature regulation,carbon storage and culturally interesting plants)across the 53 most dominant forest types in Germany.No single forest type provided all ecosystem services equally.Some ecosystem services showed comparable levels across forest types(e.g.decomposition or richness of saprotrophs),while others varied strongly,depending on forest structural attributes(e.g.phosphorous availability or cover of edible plants)or tree species composition(e.g.potential nitrification activity).Variability in potential supply of ecosystem services was only to a lesser extent driven by environmental conditions.However,the geographic variation in ecosystem function supply across Germany was closely linked with the distribution of main tree species.Conclusions:Our results show that forest multifunctionality is limited to subsets of ecosystem services.The importance of tree species composition highlights that a lack of multifunctionality at the stand level can be compensated by managing forests at the landscape level,when stands of complementary forest types are combined.These results imply that multi-purpose forestry should be based on a variety of forest types requiring coordinated planning across larger spatial scales. | Nadja K.Simons María R.Felipe-Lucia Peter Schall Christian Ammer Jürgen Bauhus Nico Blüthgen Steffen Boch François Buscot Markus Fischer Kezia Goldmann Martin M.Gossner Falk Hänsel Kirsten Jung Peter Manning Thomas Nauss Yvonne Oelmann Rodica Pena Andrea Polle Swen C.Renner Michael Schloter Ingo Schöning Ernst-Detlef Schulze Emily F.Solly Elisabeth Sorkau Barbara Stempfhuber Tesfaye Wubet Jörg Müller Sebastian Seibold Wolfgang W.Weisser | 2021 | Forest Ecosystems2021，8，1： | 2 |
| 12 | Embryonic stem cell-derived chondrogenic differentiation in vitro: activation by BMP-2 and BMP-4显示文摘 | Jan Kramer Claudia Hegert Kaomei Guan Anna M Wobus Peter K Müller Jürgen Rohwedel | 2000 | Mechanisms of Development2000，，2： | 2 |
| 13 | Is the schatzki ring a unique esophageal entity?显示文摘AIM:To study,whether the association of Schatzki rings with other esophageal disorders support one of the theories about its etiology.METHODS:From 1987 until 2007,all patients with newly diagnosed symptomatic Schatzki rings (SRs) were prospectively registered and followed.All of them underwent structured interviews with regards to clinical symptoms,as well as endoscopic and/or radiographic examinations.Endoscopic and radiographic studies determined the presence of an SR and additional morphological abnormalities.RESULTS:One hundred and sixty-seven patients (125 male,42 female) with a mean age of 57.1±14.6 years were studied.All patients complained of intermittent dysphagia for solid food and 113 (79.6%) patients had a history of food impaction.Patients experienced symptoms for a mean of 4.7±5.2 years before diagnosis.Only in 23.4% of the 64 patients who had endoscopic and/or radiological examinations before their first presentation to our clinic,was the SR previously diagnosed.At presentation,the mean ring diameter was 13.9±4.97 mm.One hundred and sixty-two (97%) patients showed a sliding hiatal hernia.Erosive reflux esophagitis was found in 47 (28.1%) patients.Twenty-six (15.6%) of 167 patients showed single or multiple esophageal webs;five (3.0%) patients exhibited eosinophilic esophagitis;and four (2.4%) had esophageal diverticula.Four (7%) of 57 patients undergoing esophageal manometry had nonspecific esophageal motility disorders.CONCLUSION:Schatzki rings are frequently associated with additional esophageal disorders,which support the assumption of a multifactorial etiology.Despite typical symptoms,SRs might be overlooked. | Michaela Müller Ines Gockel Philip Hedwig Alexander J Eckardt Kathrin Kuhr Jochem Knig Volker F Eckardt | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，23： | 2 |
| 14 | Shot-noise limited, supercontinuum-based optical coherence tomography显示文摘We present the first demonstration of shot-noise limited supercontinuum-based spectral domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT)with an axial resolution of 5.9μm at a center wavelength of 1370 nm.Current supercontinuumbased SD-OCT systems cannot be operated in the shot-noise limited detection regime because of severe pulse-topulse relative intensity noise of the supercontinuum source.To overcome this disadvantage,we have developed a low-noise supercontinuum source based on an all-normal dispersion(ANDi)fiber,pumped by a femtosecond laser.The noise performance of our 90 MHz ANDi fiber-based supercontinuum source is compared to that of two commercial sources operating at 80 and 320 MHz repetition rate.We show that the low-noise of the ANDi fiber-based supercontinuum source improves the OCT images significantly in terms of both higher contrast,better sensitivity,and improved penetration.From SD-OCT imaging of skin,retina,and multilayer stacks we conclude that supercontinuumbased SD-OCT can enter the domain of shot-noise limited detection. | Shreesha Rao D.S. Mikkel Jensen Lars Grüner-Nielsen Jesper Toft Olsen Peter Heiduschka Björn Kemper Jürgen Schnekenburger Martin Glud Mette Mogensen Niels Møller Israelsen Ole Bang | 2021 | Light(Science & Applications)2021，10，7： | 2 |
| 15 | Mucin and phospholipids determine viscosity of gallbladder bile in patients with gallstones显示文摘AIM An increased viscosity of gallbladder bile has been considered an important factor in the pathogenesis of gallstone disease. Besides lipids and proteins, mucin has been suggested to affect the viscosity of bile. To further clarify these issues we compared mucin, protein and the lipid components of hepatic and gallbladder bile and its viscosity in patients with gallstones.METHODS Viscosity of bile ( mpa. s ) wasmeasured using rotation viscosimetry in regard to the non-Newtonian property of bile at law shear rates.RESULTS Biliary viscosity was markedly higher in gallbladder bile of patients with cholesterol (5.00 ± 0.60 mpa. s, mean ± SEM, n --28) and mixed stones (3.50±0.68 mPa. s; n =8) compared to hepatic bile (0.92 ± 0.06 mpa. s,n -6). A positive correlation between mucin and viscosity was found in gallbladder biles (r=0.65; P<0.001) but not in hepatic biles. The addition of physiologic and supraphysiologic amounts of mucin to gallbladder bile resulted in a dose dependent non linear increase of its viscosity. A positive correlation was determined between phospholipid concentration and viscosity (r = 0.34, P<0.005) in gallbladder biles. However, no correlation was found between total protein or the other lipid concentrations and viscosity in both gallbladder and hepatic biles.CONCLUSION The viscosity of gallbladder bile is markedly higher than that of hepatic bile in patients with gallstones. The concentration of mucin is the major determinant of biliary viscosity and may contribute by this mechanism to the role of mucin in the pathogenesis of gallstones. | Dieter Jüngst Anna Niemeyer Iris Müller Benedikta Zündt Günther Meyer Martin Wilhelmi Reginalddel Pozo | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，2： | 2 |
| 16 | No difference in portal and hepatic venous bacterial DNA in patients with cirrhosis undergoing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt insertion显示文摘 | Christian Mortensen Stine Karlsen Henning Gr?nb?k Dennis T. Nielsen Susanne Frevert Jens O. Clemmesen S?ren M?ller J?rgen S. Jensen Flemming Bendtsen | 2013 | Liver Int2013，，9： | 2 |
| 17 | Possible high Tc superconductivity in the Ba-La-Cu-O system显示文摘 | Bednorz J G M ii ller K A | 1986 | Zeitschrift Fur Physik B-Condensed Matter1986，64，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Amisulpride improves de-pressive symptoms in acute exacerbations of schizophrenia:comparison with haloperidol and risperidone显示文摘 | Peuskens J M(O)ller HJ Puech A | | 0，，04： | 1 |
| 19 | Assessment of intake from the diet显示文摘 | R Kroes D Müller J Lambe M.R.H L?wik J van Klaveren J Kleiner R Massey S Mayer I Urieta P Verger A Visconti | 2002 | Food and Chemical Toxicology2002，，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Chemical-regulated,site-specific DNA excision in transgenic plants显示文摘 | Zuo J Niu QW Mφller SG | 2001 | Nature Biotechnology2001，19，： | 1 |
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