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| 1 | Growth efficiency,intestinal biology,and nutrient utilization and requirements of black soldier fly(Hermetia illucens)larvae compared to monogastric livestock species:a review显示文摘In recent years,interest in the larvae of black soldier fly(BSF)(Hermetia illucens)as a sustainable protein resource for livestock feed has increased considerably.However,knowledge on the nutritional and physiological aspects of this insect,especially compared to other conventional farmed animals is scarce.This review presents a critical comparison of data on the growth potential and efficiency of the BSF larvae(BSFL)compared to conventional monogastric livestock species.Advantages of BSFL over other monogastric livestock species includes their high growth rate and their ability to convert low-grade organic waste into high-quality protein and fat-rich biomass suitable for use in animal feed.Calculations using literature data suggest that BSFL are more efficient than broilers,pigs and fish in terms of conversion of substrate protein into body mass,but less efficient than broilers and fish in utilization of substrate gross energy to gain body mass.BSFL growth efficiency varies greatly depending on the nutrient quality of their dietary substrates.This might be associated with the function of their gastrointestinal tract,including the activity of digestive enzymes,the substrate particle characteristics,and their intestinal microbial community.The conceived advantage of BSFL having an environmental footprint better than conventional livestock is only true if BSFL is produced on low-grade organic waste and its protein would directly be used for human consumption.Therefore,their potential role as a new species to better close nutrient cycles in agro-ecological systems needs to be reconsidered,and we conclude that BSFL is a complementary livestock species efficiently utilizing organic waste that cannot be utilized by other livestock.In addition,we provide comparative insight into morpho-functional aspects of the gut,characterization of digestive enzymes,gut microbiota and fiber digestion.Finally,current knowledge on the nutritional utilization and requirements of BSFL in terms of macro-and micronutrients is reviewed and found to be rather limited.In addition,the research methods to determine nutritional requirements of conventional livestock are not applicable for BSFL.Thus,there is a great need for research on the nutrient requirements of BSFL. | Mohammad M.Seyedalmoosavi Manfred Mielenz Teun Veldkamp Gurbuz Das Cornelia C.Metges | 2022 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2022，13，5： | 2 |
| 2 | Ethanol production from biomass: technology and commer- cialization status显示文摘 | Mielenz J R | 2001 | Ecology and Industrial Microbiology2001，4，3： | 1 |
| 3 | Ethanol production from biomas:technology and commercialization status显示文摘 | Jonathan R Mielenz | 2001 | Current Op-inion in Microbiology2001，4，： | 1 |
| 4 | Ethanol production from biomass: technology and commercialization status 显示文摘 | Mielenz J R | 2001 | Current Opinion in Microbiology2001，，4： | 1 |
| 5 | Outlook for cellulase improvement:screening and selection strategies显示文摘 | Zhang Y H P Himmel M E Mielenz J R | 2006 | Biotechnology Advances2006，24，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Ethanol production from biomass:Technology and commercialization status显示文摘 | MIELENZ J R | 2001 | Curr Opin Microbiol2001，4，： | 1 |
| 7 | Outlook for cellulose improvement: Screening and selection strategies 显示文摘 | Percival Zhang YH Himmel ME Mielenz JR | 2006 | Biotechnology Advances2006，24，： | 1 |
| 8 | Outlook for cellulase improvement: Screening and selection strategies 显示文摘 | Zhang Y H Michael E Himmel Jonathan R Mielenz | 2006 | Biotechnology Advances2006，24，： | 1 |
| 9 | Genetic manipulation of lignin reduces recalcitrance and improves ethanol production from switchgrass 显示文摘 | Fu C Mielenz JR Xiao X Ge Y hamilton CY Rodriguez M Chen F Foston M Ragauskas A Bouton J Dixon RA Wang ZY | 2011 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA2011，108，9： | 1 |
| 10 | Out- look for cellulase improvement: screening and selection strategies显示文摘 | Percival Zhang Y H Himmel M E Mielenz J R | 2006 | Biotechnology Advances2006，24，5： | 1 |
| 11 | Analysis of the CCR7 expression on routine bone marrow derived and spleen dendritic cells显示文摘 | Ritter U Wiede F Mielenz D | 2004 | J Leukoc Biol2004，76，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Outlook for cellulase improvement:screening and selection strategies 显示文摘 | Zhang Y Himmel M Mielenz J | 2006 | Biotechnology Ad- vances2006，3，： | 1 |
| 13 | Outlook for cellulase improvement:screening and selection strategies显示文摘 | ZHANG Y HIMME I M MIELENZ J | 2006 | Biotech nology Advances2006，24，： | 1 |
| 14 | Outlook for cellulase improvement: Screening and selection strategies显示文摘 | Zhang Y H Himmel Michael E Mielenz Jonathan R | 2006 | Biotechnology Advance2006，24，5： | 1 |
| 15 | Outlook for cellu-lase improvement: Screening and selection strategies显示文摘 | Zhang P Y H Himmel M E Mielenz J R | 2006 | Bio-technol Advan2006，24，： | 1 |
| 16 | Computation of Fresnel integrals显示文摘 | MIELENZ K | 2000 | Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology2000，105，4： | 1 |
| 17 | Ethanol production from biomass: technology and commercialization status显示文摘 | MIELENZ JR | 2001 | Curr Opin Microbiol2001，4，： | 1 |
| 18 | Outlook for cellulase improvement: screening and selection strategies 显示文摘 | Percival Z Y H Himmel M E Mielenz J R | 2006 | Biotechnology Advances2006，24，5： | 1 |
| 19 | Breakthrough technology on CTRL : FOcus on Europe显示文摘 | MIELENZ Jugen | 2003 | T & T international2003，35，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Outlook for cellutase improvement: screening and selection strategies 显示文摘 | Zhang Y H P Hitmncl M E Mielenz J R | 2006 | Biotechnol Adv2006，24，： | 1 |
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