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| 1 | Low-dose tacrolimus ameliorates liver inflammation and fibrosis in steroid refractory autoimmune hepatitis显示文摘AIM: To determine the eff icacy of tacrolimus on clinical status, histopathological status and biochemical markers in patients with steroid refractory autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). METHODS: Retrospectively, clinical parameters, biochemistry and histology were obtained from patient records. RESULTS: Nine patients [8 females/1 male, median age 32 (range 16-64) years] were identified to have received tacrolimus for a median duration of 18 (12-37) mo. Before initiation of tacrolimus treatment the patients were maintained on a prednisolone dose of 20 mg daily (range 20-80 mg/d), which was tapered to 7.5 (5-12.5) mg/d (P = 0.004). Alanine aminotransferase and immunoglobulin-G concentrations decreased from 154 (100-475) to 47(22-61) U/L (P = 0.007), and from 16 (10-30.2) to 14.5 (8.4-20) g/L (P = 0.032), respectively. All patients showed improvement of the liver inflammatory activity, as determined by the Ishak score (P = 0.016), while the degree of f ibrosis tended to decrease (P = 0.049). CONCLUSION: The use of low dose tacrolimus can lead to biochemical and histologic improvement of inflammation with no progression of the stage of f ibrosis in patients with steroid refractory AIH. Low dose tacrolimus therapy also allows substantial reduction of prednisone dose. | Fin Stolze Larsen Ben Vainer Martin Eefsen Peter Nissen Bjerring Bent Adel Hansen | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，23： | 15 |
| 2 | Type 1 diabetes and polyglandular autoimmune syndrome: A review显示文摘Type 1 diabetes(T1D) is an autoimmune disorder caused by inflammatory destruction of the pancreatic tissue. The etiopathogenesis and characteristics of the pathologic process of pancreatic destruction are well described. In addition, the putative susceptibility genes for T1 D as a monoglandular disease and the relation to polyglandular autoimmune syndrome(PAS) have also been wellexplored. The incidence of T1 D has steadily increased in most parts of the world, especially in industrialized nations. T1 D is frequently associated with autoimmune endocrine and non-endocrine diseases and patients with T1 D are at a higher risk for developing several glandular autoimmune diseases. Familial clustering is observed, which suggests that there is a genetic predisposition. Various hypotheses pertaining to viral- and bacterialinduced pancreatic autoimmunity have been proposed, however a definitive delineation of the autoimmune pathomechanism is still lacking. In patients with PAS, pancreatic and endocrine autoantigens either colocalize on one antigen-presenting cell or are expressed on two/various target cells sharing a common amino acid, which facilitates binding to and activation of T cells. The most prevalent PAS phenotype is the adult type 3 variant or PAS type Ⅲ, which encompasses T1 D and autoimmune thyroid disease. This review discusses the findings of recent studies showing noticeable differences in the genetic background and clinical phenotype of T1 D either as an isolated autoimmune endocrinopathy or within the scope of polyglandular autoimmune syndrome. | Martin P Hansen Nina Matheis George J Kahaly | 2015 | World Journal of Diabetes2015，6，1： | 7 |
| 3 | Efficacy of SpyGlass^(TM)-directed biopsy compared to brush cytology in obtaining adequate tissue for diagnosis in patients with biliary strictures显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic yield(inflammatory activity) and efficiency(size of the biopsy specimen) of SpyGlassTM-guided biopsy vs standard brush cytology in patients with and without primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC).METHODS: At the University Medical Center Mainz, Germany, 35 consecutive patients with unclear biliarylesions(16 patients) or long-standing PSC(19 patients) were screened for the study. All patients underwent a physical examination, lab analyses, and abdominal ultrasound. Thirty-one patients with non-PSC strictures or with PSC were scheduled to undergo endoscopic retrograde cholangiography(ERC) and subsequent per-oral cholangioscopy(POC). Standard ERC was initially performed, and any lesions or strictures were localized. POC was performed later during the same session. The Boston Scientific SpyGlass SystemTM(Natick, MA, United States) was used for choledochoscopy. The biliary tree was visualized, and suspected lesions or strictures were biopsied, followed by brush cytology of the same area. The study endpoints(for both techniques) were the degree of inflammation, tissue specimen size, and the patient populations(PSC vs non-PSC). Inflammatory changes were divided into three categories: none, low activity, and high activity. The specimen quantity was rated as low, moderate, or sufficient.RESULTS: SpyGlassTM imaging and brush cytology with material retrieval were performed in 29 of 31(93.5%) patients(23 of the 29 patients were male). The median patient age was 45 years(min, 20 years; max, 76 years). Nineteen patients had known PSC, and 10 showed non-PSC strictures. No procedure-related complications were encountered. However, for both methods, tissues could only be retrieved from 29 pa-tients. In cases of inflammation of the biliary tract, the diagnostic yield of the SpyGlassTM-directed biopsies was greater than that using brush cytology. More tissue material was obtained for the biopsy method than for the brush cytology method(P = 0.021). The biopsies showed significantly more inflammatory characteristics and greater inflammatory activity compared to the cy-tological investigation(P = 0.014). The greater quantity of tissue samples proved useful for both PSC and non-PSC patients.CONCLUSION: SpyGlassTM imaging can be recom-mended for proper inflammatory diagnosis in PSC pa-tients. However, its value in diagnosing dysplasia wasnot addressed in this study and requires further investi-gation. | Johannes Wilhelm Rey Torsten Hansen Sebastian Dümcke Achim Tresch Katja Kramer Peter Robert Galle Martin Goetz Marcus Schuchmann Ralf Kiesslich Arthur Hoffman | 2014 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2014，6，4： | 2 |
| 4 | Sustained HBeAg and HBsAg Loss After Long-term Follow-up of HBeAg-Positive Patients Treated With Peginterferon α-2b显示文摘 | Erik H.C.J. Buster Hajo J. Flink Yilmaz Cakaloglu Krzysztof Simon J?rg Trojan Fehmi Tabak Thomas M.K. So S. Victor Feinman Tomasz Mach Ulus S. Akarca Martin Schutten Wanda Tielemans Anneke J. van Vuuren Bettina E. Hansen Harry L.A. Janssen | 2008 | Gastroenterology2008，，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Incident detection algorithm evaluation显示文摘 | Martin P.T Perrin H.J Hansen B.G | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 6 | Empirical Ship Domain based on AIS Data显示文摘 | Martin Gamborg Hansen Toke Koldborg Jensen Tue Lehn-Schi?ler Kristina Melchild Finn M?lsted Rasmussen Finn Ennemark | 2013 | Journal of Navigation2013，，6： | 1 |
| 7 | Novel methods for the production of foamed polymers(If) : Nucleation of dissolved gas by finely-di- vided metals显示文摘 | Hansen R H Martin W | 1965 | J Polym Sci: Part B1965，4，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Liposomes containing synthetic lipid derivatives of poly (ethylene glycol) show prolonged circulation half-lives in vivo 显示文摘 | Allen TM Hansen C Martin F | 1991 | Biochim Bio- phys Acta1991，1066，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Assessment of the importance of sorption for steroid estrogens removal during activated sludge treatment显示文摘 | Henrik Rasmus Andersen Martin Hansen Jesper Kj?lholt Frank Stuer-Lauridsen Thomas Ternes Bent Halling-S?rensen | 2005 | Chemosphere2005，，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Sustained HBeAg and HBsAg Loss After Long-term Follow-up of HBeAg-Positive Patients Treated With Peginterferon α-2b显示文摘 | Erik H.C.J. Buster Hajo J. Flink Yilmaz Cakaloglu Krzysztof Simon J?rg Trojan Fehmi Tabak Thomas M.K. So S. Victor Feinman Tomasz Mach Ulus S. Akarca Martin Schutten Wanda Tielemans Anneke J. van Vuuren Bettina E. Hansen Harry L.A. Janssen | 2008 | Gastroenterology2008，，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Inflammation as a risk factor for atrial fibrillation 显示文摘 | Aviles RJ Martin DO Apperaon Hansen C | 2003 | Circulation2003，108，24： | 1 |
| 12 | Bone marrow transplants from unrelated donors for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia显示文摘 | Hansen JR Gooley TA Martin PJ | 1998 | N Engl J Med1998，338，10： | 1 |
| 13 | Differential expression of angioregulatory factors in normal and CNV-derived human retinal pigment epithelium显示文摘 | Martin G Schlunck G Hansen LL | 2004 | Graefe '' s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol2004，242，： | 1 |
| 14 | Inflammationas a risk factor for atrial fibrillation 显示文摘 | Aviles RJ Martin DO Apperson Hansen C | 2003 | Circulation2003，108，： | 1 |
| 15 | Differential expression of angioregulatory factors in normal and CNV-derived human retinal pigment epithelium 显示文摘 | Martin G Schlunck G Hansen LL | 2004 | Graefe '' s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol2004，242，： | 1 |
| 16 | Liposomes containing synthetic lipid derivatives of poly (ethylene glycol)show prolonged circulation half-lives in vivo显示文摘 | Allen TM Hansen C Martin F | | 0，，01： | 1 |
| 17 | Inflammation as a risk factor for atrial fibrillation 显示文摘 | Aviles R J Martin D O Apperson - Hansen C | 2003 | Circulation2003，108，24： | 1 |
| 18 | Intravitreal injection of specific receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor PTK787/ZK222 584 improves ischemia-induced retinopathy in mice显示文摘 | Maier P Unsoeld AS Junker B Martin G Drevs J Hansen LL | 2005 | Graefe Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol2005，243，6： | 1 |
| 19 | The brain in acute liver failure. A tortuous path from hyperammonemia to cerebral edema显示文摘 | Peter Nissen Bjerring Martin Eefsen Bent Adel Hansen Fin Stolze Larsen | 2009 | Metabolic Brain Disease2009，，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Inflammation as a risk factor far atrial fibrillation显示文摘 | Aviles R J Martin D O Apperson Hansen C | | 0，，02： | 1 |
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