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| 1 | 自发性脑出血管理指南 美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会针对医疗专业人员的指南显示文摘目的本指南旨在为自发性脑出血的诊断和治疗提供最新的全面推荐意见。方法利用PubMed进行规范化文献检索,检索时间至2013年8月底。撰写委员会成员通过远程电信会议讨论指南内容及推荐意见,采用美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会的疗效确定性水平和证据分级方案对推荐意见进行分级。由6位同行评议专家以及卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会和卒中委员会领导委员会成员对指南草案进行发表前审阅。结果本文为急性脑出血患者的医疗诊治提供了循证指南,重点包括诊断、凝血功能障碍和血压管理、继发性脑损伤防治、颅内压控制、外科治疗的作用、转归预测、康复、二级预防以及将来需要考虑的问题。本指南已纳入最新的3期临床试验结果。结论脑出血是一种需要进行早期积极救治的危重疾病。本指南为脑出血患者的目标导向治疗提供了一个框架。 | J. Claude Hemphill Ⅲ Steven M. Greenberg Craig S. Anderson Kyra Beckelr Bernard R. Bendok Mary Cushman Gordon L. Fung Joshua N. Goldstein R. LochMacdonald Pamela H Mitchell, Phillip A Scott,Magdy H Selim, Daniel Woo 高圆圆 徐欣 | 2015 | 国际脑血管病杂志2015，23，10： | 444 |
| 2 | 莫西沙星显示文摘 | Pamela A Hunter | 2002 | 中国实用内科杂志2002，22，10： | 13 |
| 3 | Viral hepatitis update: Progress and perspectives显示文摘Viral hepatitis,secondary to infection with hepatitis A,B,C,D,and E viruses,are a major public health problem and an important cause of morbidity and mortality.Despite the huge medical advances achieved in recent years,there are still points of conflict concerning the pathogenesis,immune response,development of new and more effective vaccines,therapies,and treatment.This review focuses on the most important research topics that deal with issues that are currently being solved,those that remain to be solved,and future research directions.For hepatitis A virus we will address epidemiology,molecular surveillance,new susceptible populations as well as environmental and food detections.In the case of hepatitis B virus,we will discuss host factors related to disease,diagnosis,therapy,and vaccine improvement.On hepatitis C virus,we will focus on pathogenesis,immune response,direct action antivirals treatment in the context of solid organ transplantation,issues related to hepatocellular carcinoma development,direct action antivirals resistance due to selection of resistanceassociated variants,and vaccination.Regarding hepatitis D virus,we describe diagnostic methodology,pathogenesis,and therapy.Finally,for hepatitis E virus,we will address epidemiology(including new emerging species),diagnosis,clinical aspects,treatment,the development of a vaccine,and environmental surveillance. | María B Pisano Cecilia G Giadans Diego M Flichman Viviana E Ré María V Preciado Pamela Valva | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，26： | 8 |
| 4 | Prenatal diagnosis and assessment of congenital spinal anomalies: Review for prenatal counseling显示文摘The last two decades have seen continuous advances in prenatal ultrasonography and in utero magnetic resonance imaging. These technologies have increasingly enabled the identification of various spinal pathologies during early stages of gestation. The purpose of this paper is to review the range of fetal spine anomalies and their management, with the goal of improving the clinician's ability to counsel expectant parents prenatally. | Vidyadhar V Upasani Pamela Deaver Ketwaroo Judy A Estroff Benjamin C Warf John B Emans Michael P Glotzbecker | 2016 | World Journal of Orthopedics2016，7，7： | 4 |
| 5 | Clinicopathological predictors of long-term benefit in breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy显示文摘AIM To investigate the survival impact of clinicopathological factors, including pathological complete response(p CR) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes(s TIL) levels according to subtypes, in breast cancer(BC) patients who received neo-adjuvant chemotherapy(NAC).METHODS We evaluated 435 BC patients who presented and received NAC at the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas from 2003 to 2014. s TIL was analyzed as the proportion of tumor stroma occupied by lymphocytes, and was prospectively evaluated on hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections of the preN AC core biopsy. p CR was considered in the absence of infiltrating cancer cells in primary tumor and axillary lymph nodes. Analysis of statistical association between clinical pathological features, s TIL, p CR and survival were carried out using SPSSvs19.RESULTS Median age was 49 years(range 24-84 years) and the most frequent clinical stage was ⅢB(58.3%). Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2-enriched and(triple-negative) TN phenotype was found in 24.6%, 37.9%, 17.7% and 19.8%, respectively. p CR was observed in 11% and median percentage of s TIL was 40%(2%-95%) in the whole population. p CR was associated to Ct1-2(P = 0.045) and to high s TIL(P = 0.029) in the whole population. There was a slight trend towards significance for s TIL(P = 0.054) in Luminal A. s TIL was associated with grade Ⅲ(P < 0.001), no-Luminal A subtype(P < 0.001), RE-negative(P < 0.001), PgR-negative(P < 0.001), HER2-positive(P = 0.002) and p CR(P = 0.029) in the whole population. Longer disease-free survival was associated with grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ(P = 0.006), cN 0(P < 0.001), clinical stage Ⅱ(P = 0.004), ER-positive(P < 0.001), Pg R-positive(P < 0.001), luminal A(P < 0.001) and p CR(P = 0.002). Longer disease-free survival was associated with grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ in Luminal A(P < 0.001), N0-1 in Luminal A(P = 0.045) and TNBC(P = 0.01), clinical stage Ⅱ in Luminal A(P = 0.003) and TNBC(P = 0.038), and pC R in TNBC(P < 0.001). Longer overall survival was associated with grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ(P < 0.001), ER-positive(P < 0.001), PgR-positive(P < 0.001), Luminal A(P < 0.001), cN 0(P = 0.002) and p CR(P = 0.002) in the whole population. Overall survival was associated with clinical stage Ⅱ(P = 0.017) in Luminal A, older age(P = 0.042) in Luminal B, and pC R in TNBC(P = 0.005).CONCLUSION Predictive and prognostic values of clinicopathological features, like p CR and s TIL, differ depending on the evaluated molecular subtype. | Marco Galvez Carlos A Castaneda Joselyn Sanchez Miluska Castillo Lia Pamela Rebaza Gabriela Calderon Miguel De La Cruz Jose Manuel Cotrina Julio Abugattas Jorge Dunstan Henry Guerra Omar Mejia Henry L Gomez | 2018 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2018，9，2： | 4 |
| 6 | Fecal immunochemical test accuracy in average-risk colorectal cancer screening显示文摘AIM:To assess the fecal immunochemical test(FIT)accuracy for colorectal cancer(CRC)and advanced neoplasia(AN)detection in CRC screening.METHODS:We performed a multicentric,prospective,double blind study of diagnostic tests on asymptomatic average-risk individuals submitted to screening colonoscopy.Two stool samples were collected and the fecal hemoglobin concentration was determined in the first sample(FIT1)and the highest level of both samples(FITmax)using the OC-sensor.Areas under the curve(AUC)for CRC and AN were calculated.The best FIT1and FITmax cut-off values for CRC were determined.At this threshold,number needed to scope(NNS)to detect a CRC and an AN and the cost per lesion detected were calculated.RESULTS:About 779 individuals were included.An AN was found in 97(12.5%)individuals:a CRC in 5(0.6%)and an advanced adenoma(≥10 mm,villous histology or high grade dysplasia)in 92(11.9%)subjects.For CRC diagnosis,FIT1 AUC was 0.96(95%CI:0.95-0.98)and FITmax AUC was 0.95(95%CI:0.93-0.97).For AN,FIT1 and FITmax AUC were similar(0.72,95%CI:0.66-0.78 vs 0.73,95%CI:0.68-0.79,respectively,P=0.34).Depending on the number of determinations and the positivity threshold cut-off used sensitivity for AN detection ranged between 28%and 42%and specificity between 91%and 97%.At the best cut-off point for CRC detection(115 ng/mL),the NNS to detect a CRC were 10.2 and 15.8;and the cost per CRC was 1814€and 2985€on FIT1 and FITmax strategies respectively.At this threshold the sensitivity,NNS and cost per AN detected were 30%,1.76,and 306€,in FIT1 strategy,and 36%,2.26€and 426€,in FITmax strategy,respectively.CONCLUSION:Performing two tests does not improve diagnostic accuracy,but increases cost and NNS to detect a lesion. | Vicent Hernandez Joaquin Cubiella M Carmen Gonzalez-Mao Felipe Iglesias Concepción Rivera M Begoa Iglesias Lucía Cid Ines Castro Luisa de Castro Pablo Vega Jose Antonio Hermo Ramiro Macenlle Alfonso Martínez-Turnes David Martínez-Ares Pamela Estevez Estela Cid M Carmen Vidal Angeles López-Martínez Elisabeth Hijona Marta Herreros-Villanueva Luis Bujanda Jose Ignacio Rodriguez-Prada the COLONPREV study investigators | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，4： | 4 |
| 7 | T_3-induced liver AMP-activated protein kinase signaling:Redox dependency and upregulation of downstream targets显示文摘AIM:To investigate the redox dependency and promotion of downstream targets in thyroid hormone(T3)-induced AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)signaling as cellular energy sensor to limit metabolic stresses in the liver.METHODS:Fed male Sprague-Dawley rats were given a single ip dose of 0.1 mg T3/kg or T3 vehicle(Na OH0.1 N;controls)and studied at 8 or 24 h after treatment.Separate groups of animals received 500 mg N-acetylcysteine(NAC)/kg or saline ip 30 min prior T3.Measurements included plasma and liver 8-isoprostane and serumβ-hydroxybutyrate levels(ELISA),hepaticlevels of m RNAs(q PCR),proteins(Western blot),and phosphorylated AMPK(ELISA).RESULTS:T3 upregulates AMPK signaling,including the upstream kinases Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase-βand transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase-1,with T3-induced reactive oxygen species having a causal role due to its suppression by pretreatment with the antioxidant NAC.Accordingly,AMPK targets acetyl-Co A carboxylase and cyclic AMP response element binding protein are phosphorylated,with the concomitant carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1α(CPT-1α)activation and higher expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γco-activator-1αand that of the fatty acid oxidation(FAO)-related enzymes CPT-1α,acyl-Co A oxidase 1,and acylCo A thioesterase 2.Under these conditions,T3 induced a significant increase in the serum levels ofβ-hydroxybutyrate,a surrogate marker for hepatic FAO.CONCLUSION:T3 administration activates liver AMPK signaling in a redox-dependent manner,leading to FAO enhancement as evidenced by the consequent ketogenic response,which may constitute a key molecular mechanism regulating energy dynamics to support T3preconditioning against ischemia-reperfusion injury. | Luis A Videla Virginia Fernández Pamela Cornejo Romina Vargas Paula Morales Juan Ceballo Alvaro Fischer Nicolás Escudero Oscar Escobar | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，46： | 3 |
| 8 | Neuromuscular electrical stimulation and testosterone did not influence heterotopic ossification size after spinal cor injury: A case series显示文摘Neuromuscular electrical stimulation(NMES) and testosterone replacement therapy(TRT) are effective rehabilitation strategies to attenuate muscle atrophy and evoke hypertrophy in persons with spinal cord injury(SCI). However both interventions might increase heterotopic ossification(HO) size in SCI patients. We present the results of two men with chronic traumatic motor complete SCI who also had pre-existing HO and participated in a study investigating the effects of TRT or TRT plus NMES resistance training(RT) on body composition. The 49-year-old male, Subject A, has unilateral HO in his right thigh. The 31-year-old male, Subject B, has bilateral HO in both thighs. Both participants wore transdermal testosterone patches(4-6 mg/d) daily for 16 wk. Subject A also underwent progressive NMES-RT twice weekly for 16 wk. Magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired prior to and post intervention. Cross-sectional areas(CSA) of thewhole thigh and knee extensor skeletal muscles, femoral bone, and HO were measured. In Subject A(NMES-RT + TRT), the whole thigh skeletal muscle CSA increased by 10%, the knee extensor CSA increased by 17%, and the HO + femoral bone CSA did not change. In Subject B(TRT), the whole thigh skeletal muscle CSA increased by 13% in the right thigh and 6% in the left thigh. The knee extensor CSA increased by 7% in the right thigh and did not change in the left thigh. The femoral bone and HO CSAs in both thighs did not change. Both the TRT and NMES-RT + TRT protocols evoked muscle hypertrophy without stimulating the growth of preexisting HO. | Pamela D Moore Ashraf S Gorgey Rodney C Wade Refka E Khalil Timothy D Lavis Rehan Khan Robert A Adler | 2016 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2016，4，7： | 3 |
| 9 | Expression of genes that control core fucosylation in hepatocellular carcinoma: Systematic review显示文摘BACKGROUND Changes in N-linked glycosylation have been observed in the circulation of individuals with hepatocellular carcinoma. In particular, an elevation in the level of core fucosylation has been observed. However, the mechanisms through which core fucose is increased are not well understood. We hypothesized that a review of the literature and related bioinformatic review regarding six genes known to be involved in the attachment of core fucosylation, the synthesis of the fucosylation substrate guanosine diphosphate(GDP)-fucose, or the transport of the substrate into the Golgi might offer mechanistic insight into the regulation of core fucose levels.AIM To survey the literature to capture the involvement of genes regulating core Nlinked fucosylation in hepatocellular carcinoma METHODS The PubMed biomedical literature database was searched for the association of hepatocellular carcinoma and each of the core fucose-related genes and their protein products. We also queried The Cancer Genome Atlas Liver hepatocellular carcinoma(LIHC) dataset for genetic, epigenetic and gene expression changes for the set of six genes using the tools at cBioportal.RESULTS A total of 27 citations involving one or more of the core fucosylation-related genes(FPGT, FUK, FUT8, GMDS, SLC35 C1, TSTA3) and hepatocellular carcinoma were identified. The same set of gene symbols was used to query the371 patients with liver cancer in the LIHC dataset to identify the frequency of m RNA over or under expression, as well as non-synonymous mutations, copy number variation and methylation level. Although all six genes trended to moresamples displaying over expression relative to under-expression, it was noted that a number of tumor samples had undergone amplification of the genes of the de novo synthesis pathway, GMDS(27 samples) and TSTA3(78 samples). In contrast, the other four genes had undergone amplification in 2 or fewer samples.CONCLUSION Amplification of genes involved in the de novo pathway for generation of GDPfucose, GMDS and TSTA3, likely contributes to the elevated core fucose observed in hepatocellular carcinoma. | Pamela A Norton Anand S Mehta | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，23： | 3 |
| 10 | Chronic hepatitis C virus infection:Serum biomarkers inpredicting liver damage显示文摘Currently, a major clinical challenge in the management of the increasing number of hepatitis C virus(HCV) infected patients is determining the best means for evaluating liver impairment. Prognosis and treatment of chronic hepatitis C(CHC) are partly dependent on the assessment of histological activity, namely cell necrosis and inflammation, and the degree of liver fibrosis. These parameters can be provided by liver biopsy; however, in addition to the risks related to an invasive procedure, liver biopsy has been associated with sampling error mostly due to suboptimal biopsy size. To avoid these pitfalls, several markers have been proposed as non-invasive alternatives for the diagnosis of liver damage. Distinct approaches among the currently available non-invasive methods are(1) the physical ones based on imaging techniques; and(2) the biological ones based on serum biomarkers. In this review, we discuss these approaches with special focus on currently available non-invasive serum markers. We will discuss:(1) class?Ⅰ?serum biomarkers individually and as combined panels, particularly those that mirror the metabolism of liver extracellular matrix turnover and/or fibrogenic cell changes;(2) class Ⅱ biomarkers that are indirect serum markers and are based on the evaluation of common functional alterations in the liver; and(3) biomarkers of liver cell death, since hepatocyte apoptosis plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of HCV infection. We highlight in this review the evidence behind the use of these markers and assess the diagnostic accuracy as well as advantages, limitations, and application in clinical practice of each test for predicting liver damage in CHC. | Pamela Valva Daniela A Ríos Elena De Matteo Maria V Preciado | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，4： | 2 |
| 11 | Illustrating the coupled human-environment system for vulnerability analysis three case studies显示文摘 | Turner II BL Roger E K Pamela A M | 2003 | The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences2003，14，： | 1 |
| 12 | Azepinone as a conformational constraint in the design of κ opioid receptor agonists显示文摘 | Paul A T Pamela R S William B | 2004 | Bioorg Med Chem Lett2004，14，22： | 1 |
| 13 | Somatostatin stimulates ductal bile absorption and inhibits ductal bile secretion in mice via SSTR2 on cholangiocytes显示文摘 | Gong A Y Pamela S T Melissa A M | 2003 | Am J Cell Physiol2003，25，6： | 1 |
| 14 | Are Work Stress Relationships Universal? A Nine-region Examination of Role Stressors, General Self-efficacy, and Burnout 显示文摘 | Pamela L' Perrewe Wayne A | 2002 | Journal of International Management2002，8，4： | 1 |
| 15 | 显示文摘 | Richard A Brown Pamela Poller Erin McKoon | 2001 | J Am Chem Soc2001，123，： | 1 |
| 16 | Membrane concentrate management options:a comprehensive critical review 显示文摘 | PAMELA C A SMITH D W GAMAL E-D M | 2009 | Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering2009，36，6： | 1 |
| 17 | A computerized method of visual acuity testing显示文摘 | Roy W Beck Pamela S Moke Andrew H Turpin Frederick L Ferris John Paul SanGiovanni Chris A Johnson Eileen E Birch Danielle L Chandler Terry A Cox R.Clifford Blair Raymond T Kraker | 2003 | American Journal of Ophthalmology2003，，2： | 1 |
| 18 | The performance appraisal as a development tool显示文摘 | Mary TS Pamela A Chiu MJ | 2008 | Journal For Nurses in Staff Development2008，24，3： | 1 |
| 19 | A framework for vulnerability analysis in sustainability science 显示文摘 | B L Turner II Roger E Kasperson Pamela A Matsone | 2003 | PNAS2003，14，： | 1 |
| 20 | The performance appraisal as a de- velopment tool显示文摘 | Mary TS Pamela A | 2008 | Joumal For Nurses in Staff Development2008，24，3： | 1 |
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