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| 1 | CONSORT 2010说明与详述:报告平行对照随机临床试验指南的更新显示文摘大量证据显示随机对照临床试验(randomised controlled trial,RCT)的报告质量不理想。报告不透明,则读者既不能评判试验结果是否真实可靠,也不能从中提取可用于系统综述的信息。最近的方法学分析表明,报告不充分和设计不合理与对治疗效果产生评价偏倚有关。这种系统误差对RCT损害严重,而RCT正是以其能减少或避免偏倚而被视为评价干预措施的金标准。为了提高RCT的报告质量,一个由专家和编辑组成的工作组制定了临床试验报告的统一标准(Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials,CONSORT)声明。CONSORT声明于1996年首次发表,并于2001年更新。声明由对照检查清单和流程图组成,供作者在报告RCT时使用。许多核心医学期刊和主要国际性编辑组织都已认可CONSORT声明。该声明促进了对RCT的严格评价和解释。2001年,在对CONSORT进行修订时,人们就已经清楚地认识到,解释和说明制定CONSORT声明的原理,有助于研究人员等撰写或评价临床试验报告。一篇CONSORT说明与详述文章于2001年同2001版CONSORT声明一起发表。2007年1月的专家会议之后,对CONSORT声明作了进一步修订并已发表,即'CONSORT2010声明'。这次更新对原版对照检查清单作了文字上的修改,使其更为明晰,并收入了与一些新近才认识到的主题相关的建议,如选择性报告结局产生的偏倚。说明与详述文件旨在加强人们对CONSORT声明的理解、应用和传播,这次也作了大量修订,对每一项新增或更新的清单条目的含义和增改理由进行了解释,提供了优秀的报告实例,还尽可能地提供了相关的经验性研究的参考文献。文中收入了若干流程图实例。'CONSORT2010声明'、其说明与详述文件,以及相关网站(www.consort-statement.org),对于改进随机临床试验报告必将有所裨益。 | David Moher Sally Hopewell Kenneth F Schulz Victor Montori Peter C Gφtzsche P J Devereaux Diana Elbourne Matthias Egger Douglas G Altman 周庆辉 卞兆祥 刘建平 | 2010 | 中西医结合学报2010，8，8： | 318 |
| 2 | 加强流行病学中观察性研究报告质量(STROBE)声明:观察性研究报告规范显示文摘很多生物医学研究都是观察性的。但对这类研究的报告却通常不完整,从而限制了对其优缺点及普适性的评价。“加强流行病学中观察性研究报告质量(STROBE)”工作组针对一篇完整明确的观察性研究报告应包括的内容提供了一套建议。建议涵盖了流行病学研究的三种主要设计类型:队列设计、病例对照设计和横断面设计。2004年9月,我们召开了为期2天的研讨会,与会的方法学专家、研究人员和期刊编辑共同起草了一份观察性研究报告应纳入的条目清单草案。此后,又通过协调小组数次会议及与有关人员电子邮件讨论等对该草案进行了修改,纳入了经验性证据和方法学方面的意见。通过研讨会及之后反复的咨询和修订,我们制定出了一个包含22个条目的清单(STROBE声明),分为论文的题目、摘要、引言、方法、结果和讨论等部分。其中18个条目适用于所有三种主要的观察性研究设计,其余4个条目则专门用于队列、病例一对照或横断面设计。详细的解释和示范文件已另行发表,在《公共科学图书馆一医学》(PLoS Medicine)、《内科学年报》(Annalsof Internal Medicine)和《流行病学》(Epidemiology)的网站可以免费获得。我们希望STROBE声明能有助于改善观察性研究报告的质量。 | Erikvon Elm Douglas G Altman Matthias Egger Stuart J Pocock Peter C G tzsche Jan P Vandenbroucke 赵乐(译) 邹光勇(审) 杜怀东(审) | 2008 | 世界临床医学2008，2，1： | 12 |
| 3 | High-density SNP-based genetic maps for the parents of an outcrossed and a selfed tetraploid garden rose cross, inferred from admixed progeny using the 68k rose SNP array显示文摘Dense genetic maps create a base for QTL analysis of important traits and future implementation of marker-assisted breeding.In tetraploid rose,the existing linkage maps include<300 markers to cover 28 linkage groups(4 homologous sets of 7 chromosomes).Here we used the 68k WagRhSNP Axiom single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)array for rose,in combination with SNP dosage calling at the tetraploid level,to genotype offspring from the garden rose cultivar‘Red New Dawn’.The offspring proved to be not from a single bi-parental cross.In rose breeding,crosses with unintended parents occur regularly.We developed a strategy to separate progeny into putative populations,even while one of the parents was unknown,using principle component analysis on pairwise genetic distances based on sets of selected SNP markers that were homozygous,and therefore uninformative for one parent.One of the inferred populations was consistent with self-fertilization of‘Red New Dawn’.Subsequently,linkage maps were generated for a bi-parental and a self-pollinated population with‘Red New Dawn’as the common maternal parent.The densest map,for the selfed parent,had 1929 SNP markers on 25 linkage groups,covering 1765.5 cM at an average marker distance of 0.9 cM.Synteny with the strawberry(Fragaria vesca)genome was extensive.Rose ICM1 corresponded to F.vesca pseudochromosome 7(Fv7),ICM4 to Fv4,ICM5 to Fv3,ICM6 to Fv2 and ICM7 to Fv5.Rose ICM2 corresponded to parts of F.vesca pseudochromosomes 1 and 6,whereas ICM3 is syntenic to the remainder of Fv6. | Mirjana Vukosavljev Paul Arens Roeland E Voorrips Wendy P C van't Westende G D Esselink Peter M Bourke Peter Cox W Eric van de Weg Richard G F Visser Chris Maliepaard Marinus J M Smulders | 2016 | Horticulture Research2016，3，1： | 6 |
| 4 | Adjuvant imatinib mesylate after resection of localised, primary gastrointestinal stromal tumour: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial显示文摘 | Ronald P DeMatteo Karla V Ballman Cristina R Antonescu Robert G Maki Peter WT Pisters George D Demetri Martin E Blackstein Charles D Blanke Margaret von Mehren Murray F Brennan Shreyaskumar Patel Martin D McCarter Jonathan A Polikoff Benjamin R Tan Kouros | 2009 | The Lancet2009，，9669： | 2 |
| 5 | Desferrioxamine in warm reperfusion media decreases liver injury aggravated by cold storage显示文摘AIM:To evaluate whether desferrioxamine decreases ischemia and perfusion injury aggravated by cold storage(CS)in a rat liver perfusion model. METHODS:Isolated rat livers were kept in CS in University of Wisconsin Solution for 20 h at 4℃,then exposed to 25 min of warm ischemia(WI)at 37℃ followed by 2 h of warm perfusion(WP)at 37℃with oxygenated(95%oxygen and 5%carbon dioxide) Krebs-Henseleit buffer.Desferrioxamine(DFO),an iron chelator,was added at different stages of storage,ischemia and perfusion:in CS only,in WI only,in WP only, in WI and perfusion,or in all stages.Effluent samples were collected after CS and after WI.Perfusate samples and bile were collected every 30 min(0,0.5,1,1.5 and 2 h)during liver perfusion.Cellular injury was assessed by the determination of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)in the effluent and perfusate samples.Total iron was analysed in the perfusate samples.After WP,the liver was collected for the determination of liver swelling(wet to dry ratio) and liver morphological examination(hematoxylin and eosin staining). RESULTS:Increased CS time caused increased liver dysfunction during WP.After 2 h of WP,liver injury was indicated by increased release of AST(0.5 h CS:9.4± 2.2 U/g liver vs 20 h CS:45.9±10.8 U/g liver,P<0.05) and LDH(0.5 h CS:59±14 U/g liver vs 20 h CS:297 ±71 U/g liver,P<0.05).There was an associated increase in iron release into the perfusate(0.5 h CS:0.11 ±0.03μmoL/g liver vs 20 h CS:0.58±0.10μmoL/g liver,P<0.05)and reduction in bile flow(0.5 h CS: 194±12μL/g vs 20 h CS:71±8μL/g liver,P<0.05). When DFO was added during WI and WP following 20 h of CS,release of iron into the perfusate was de- creased(DFO absent 0.58±0.10μmoL/g liver vs DFO present 0.31±0.06μmoL/g liver,P<0.05),and liver function substantially improved with decreased release of AST(DFO absent 45.9±10.8 U/g liver vs DFO present 8.1±0.9 U/g liver,P<0.05)and LDH(DFO absent 297±71 U/g liver vs DFO present 56±7 U/g liver,P<0.05),and increased bile flow(DFO absent 71±8μL/g liver vs DFO present 237±36μL/g liver, P<0.05).DFO was also shown to improve liver morphology after WP.Cellular injury(the release of LDH and AST)was significantly reduced with the addition of DFO in CS medium but to a lesser extent compared to the addition of DFO in WP or WI and perfusion.There was no effect on liver swelling or bile flow when DFO was only added to the CS medium. CONCLUSION:DFO added during WI and perfusion decreased liver perfusion injury aggravated by extended CS. | Peter G Arthur Xian-Wa Niu Wen-Hua Huang Bastiaan DeBoer Ching Tat Lai Enrico Rossi John Joseph Gary P Jeffrey | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，5： | 2 |
| 6 | Angiotensin Ⅱ and the fibroproliferative response to acute lung injury显示文摘 | Richard P M Peter G Rachel C | 2004 | Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol2004，286，： | 2 |
| 7 | Capsaicin-evoked brain activation and central sensitization in anaesthetised rats:A functional magnetic resonance imaging study显示文摘 | Ricardo J M G Peter G M Malcolm J W P | 2006 | Pain2006，126，13： | 1 |
| 8 | Biodegradation and bioconversion of cellulose wastes using bacterial and fungal cells immobilized in radiopolymerized hydrogels显示文摘 | Peter M Zarnea G Adrian P | 1999 | Re2 sources Conservation and Recycling1999，27，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Biodegradation and bioconversion of cellulose wastes using bacterial and fungal cells immobilized in radiopolymerized hydrogels 显示文摘 | Peter M Zarnea G Adrian P | 1999 | Resources Conservation and Recycling1999，27，5： | 1 |
| 10 | CO2 embodied in intemational trade with implications for global climate policy显示文摘 | PETERS G P HERTWICH E G | | 0，，05： | 1 |
| 11 | Carbon footprint of nations: a global, trade-linked analysis 显示文摘 | Hertwich E G Peters G P | 2009 | Environmental Science & Technology2009，43，6： | 1 |
| 12 | New equations for omnidirec- tional sonic temperature variance and buoyancy heat flux with a sonic anemometer显示文摘 | Liu H P Peters G Foken T | 2011 | Bound-Layer Meteor2011，100，： | 1 |
| 13 | Research Design Effects on the Reliability of Rating Scales : A Meta - analysis 显示文摘 | Churchill Jr G A J P Peter | 1984 | Journal of Marketing Research1984，21，： | 1 |
| 14 | Using real- world data tbr coverage and payment decisions: the ISPOR real- world data task force report 显示文摘 | LOUIS P G J PETER J N PENNIFER E | 2007 | Value Health2007，10，5： | 1 |
| 15 | Resources conservation and recycling biodegradatiun and bioconversion of cellulose wastes using bacterial and fungal 显示文摘 | Peter M G Zarmea P Adrian | 1999 | Cells Immobilized in Radiopolymerized Hydrogels1999，27，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Bimodal Dispersions in Coating Applications显示文摘 | PETERS A C OVERBEEK G C BUCKMANN A P | 1996 | Progress in Organic Coatings1996，，29： | 1 |
| 17 | Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor P27Kip1 expression and interaction with other cell cycle-associated proteins in mammary carcinoma 显示文摘 | Gillett CE Smith P Peters G | 1999 | J Pathol1999，187，： | 1 |
| 18 | Rapid growth in CO2 emissions after the 2008-2009 global financial crisis 显示文摘 | Peters G P Marland G Le Quere C | 2012 | Nature Climate Change2012，2，： | 1 |
| 19 | Growth in emission transfers via international trade from 1990 to 2008 显示文摘 | Peters G P Minx J C Weber C L | 2011 | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences2011，108，21： | 1 |
| 20 | The contribution of Chinese exports to climate change显示文摘 | WEBER C L PETERS G P GUAN D | | 0，，09： | 1 |
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