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| 1 | The wonders of BMP9:From mesenchymal stem cell differentiation,angiogenesis,neurogenesis,tumorigenesis,and metabolism to regenerative medicine显示文摘Although bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs)initially showed effective induction of ectopic bone growth in muscle,it has since been determined that these proteins,as members of the TGF-b superfamily,play a diverse and critical array of biological roles.These roles include regulating skeletal and bone formation,angiogenesis,and development and homeostasis of multiple organ systems.Disruptions of the members of the TGF-b/BMP superfamily result in severe skeletal and extra-skeletal irregularities,suggesting high therapeutic potential from understanding this family of BMP proteins.Although it was once one of the least characterized BMPs,BMP9 has revealed itself to have the highest osteogenic potential across numerous experiments both in vitro and in vivo,with recent studies suggesting that the exceptional potency of BMP9 may result from unique signaling pathways that differentiate it from other BMPs.The effectiveness of BMP9 in inducing bone formation was recently revealed in promising experiments that demonstrated efficacy in the repair of critical sized cranial defects as well as compatibility with bone-inducing bio-implants,revealing the great translational promise of BMP9.Furthermore,emerging evidence indicates that,besides its osteogenic activity,BMP9 exerts a broad range of biological functions,including stem cell differentiation,angiogenesis,neurogenesis,tumorigenesis,and metabolism.This review aims to summarize our current understanding of BMP9 across biology and the body. | Sami Mostafa Mikhail Pakvasa Elam Coalson Allen Zhu Alex Alverdy Hector Castillo Jiaming Fan Alex Li Yixiao Feng Di Wu Elliott Bishop Scott Du Mia Spezia Alissa Li Ofir Hagag Alison Deng Winny Liu Mingyang Li Sherwin S·Ho Aravind Athiviraham Michael J·Lee Jennifer Moriatis Wolf Guillermo A·Ameer Hue H·Luu Rex C·Haydon Jason Strelzow Kelly Hynes Tong-Chuan He Russell R·Reid | 2019 | Genes & Diseases2019，6，3： | 15 |
| 2 | Limbal stem cells: Central concepts of corneal epithelial homeostasis显示文摘A strong cohort of evidence exists that supports the localisation of corneal stem cells at the limbus. The distinguishing characteristics of limbal cells as stem cells include slow cycling properties, high proliferative potential when required, clonogenicity, absence of differentiation marker expression coupled with positive expression of progenitor markers, multipotency, centripetal migration, requirement for a distinct niche environment and the ability of transplanted limbal cells to regenerate the entire corneal epithelium. The existence of limbal stem cells supports the prevailing theory of corneal homeostasis, known as the XYZ hypothesis where X represents proliferation and stratification of limbal basal cells, Y centripetal migration of basal cells and Z desquamation of superficial cells. To maintain the mass of cornea, the sum of X and Y must equal Z and very elegant cell tracking experiments provide strong evidence in support of this theory. However, several recent stud-ies have suggested the existence of oligopotent stem cells capable of corneal maintenance outside of the limbus. This review presents a summary of data which led to the current concepts of corneal epithelial homeostasis and discusses areas of controversy surrounding the existence of a secondary stem cell reservoir on the corneal | Jinny J Yoon Salim Ismail Trevor Sherwin | 2014 | World Journal of Stem Cells2014，6，4： | 11 |
| 3 | Unsteady Navier-Stokes solvers using hybrid spectral/hp element methods显示文摘 | SHERWIN S J AINSWORTH M | 2000 | Applied Numerical Mathematics2000，33，14： | 1 |
| 4 | Sphere-forming corneal cells repopulate dystrophic keratoconic stroma:Implications for potential therapy显示文摘BACKGROUND Keratoconus is a degenerative corneal disease characterised by aberrant cell behaviour and loss of matrix that can result in vision loss.Cells extracted from peripheral corneas can form stem cell-enriched spheres,which have shown the potential to repopulate the normal peripheral corneal stroma in vitro upon sphere implantation but have not been previously studied in keratoconic tissue.AIM To investigate the therapeutic potential of stem cell-enriched spheres formed from extracted peripheral human corneal cells when introduced to keratoconic tissue.METHODS Stem cell-enriched spheres were formed from extracts of normal cadaveric human peripheral corneal cells.These spheres were implanted into incisions created in full thickness and onto the surface of 10μm thin sections of keratoconic and normal stromal tissues in vitro.Tissue sections were used to maximise use of limited keratoconic tissue available for research.Living cells were stained with Calcein-AM and visualised with stereo and fluorescence microscopy to assess survival and behaviours between the time of implantation day 0 and 14 d(D14)from implantation.Sphere cells in implanted tissues were characterised for stem cell and differentiation markers using immunohistochemistry and droplet digital PCR to assess the potential implications of these characteristics in the use of spheres in keratoconus treatment.RESULTS Spheres were successfully implanted into full-thickness central corneal tissue and onto the surface of 10μm thin en face tissue sections.No observable differences were seen in sphere migration,proliferation or differentiation in keratoconic tissue compared to normal between day 0 and D14.Spheres stained positively with Calcein-AM up to D14.Cell migration increased from day 0 to D14,occurring radially in three dimensions from the sphere and in alignment with tissue edges.Cell proliferation marker,EdU,was detected at day 10.Implanted spheres stained positively for putative stem cell markersΔNp63αand ABCB5,while ABCG2,ABCB5,ΔNp63 and p63αwere detectable by droplet digital PCR up to D14.Double immunolabelling revealed absence of ABCB5 staining in migrated cells but positive staining of alpha smooth muscle actin(myofibroblast marker)in some migrated cells.Droplet digital PCR showed similar expression patterns of differentiation markers but a reduction in stem cell markers between normal and keratoconic tissue with an increase in stromal cell markers and a reduction in epithelial cell markers,indicating an appropriate response to repopulating diseased tissue.CONCLUSION Cells from implanted stem cell-enriched spheres can repopulate a keratoconic corneal stromal surface in a directed manner and exhibit migratory stromal cell phenotypes. | Himanshu Wadhwa Salim Ismail Jennifer J McGhee Bert Van der Werf Trevor Sherwin | 2020 | World Journal of Stem Cells2020，12，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Traditional and novel reservoir management techniques to enhance water quality for subsequent potable water treatment显示文摘 | Bayley R Ta C T Sherwin C J | 2001 | Particle Removal from Reservoirs and Other Surface Waters2001，1，1： | 1 |
| 6 | The influence of out-of-plane geometry on pulsatile flow within a distal end-to-side anastomosis显示文摘 | Papaharilaou Y Doorly D J Sherwin SJ | 2002 | J Biomech2002，，35： | 1 |
| 7 | Simultaneous insulinlike growth factor I and insulin resistance in obese Zucker rats显示文摘 | JACOB R J SHERWIN R S GREENAWALT K | 1992 | Diabetes1992，41，6： | 1 |
| 8 | The endometrial response to chorionic gonadotropin is blunted in a baboon model of endometriosis 显示文摘 | Sherwin J R A Hastings J M Jackson K S | 2010 | Endocrinology2010，151，： | 1 |
| 9 | Fluid dynamic loading on curved riser pipes 显示文摘 | Miliou A Sherwin S J Graham J M R | 2003 | Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering2003，125，3： | 1 |
| 10 | The extent of the market显示文摘 | SHERWIN ROBERT A | 1985 | Journal of Law and Economics1985，28，： | 1 |
| 11 | Identification of novel genesregulated by chorionic gonadotropin in baboon endometrium during the window of implantation显示文摘 | Sherwin J R Sharkey A M Cameo P | | 0，，2： | 1 |
| 12 | A numerical study of rotational and transverse galloping rectangular bodies 显示文摘 | ROBERTSON I LI L SHERWIN S J | 2003 | Journal of Fluids and Structures2003，17，： | 1 |
| 13 | A Numerical Study of Rotational and Transverse Galloping Rectangular Bodies显示文摘 | ROBERTSON I LI L SHERWIN S J | 2003 | Journal of Fluids and Structures2003，17，5： | 1 |
| 14 | Identification of genes regulated by leukemia inhibitoty factor in the mouse uterus at the time of implantation 显示文摘 | Sherwin JRAJ Freeman TCJ Stephens R J J | 2004 | Mol Endocrinol2004，18，9： | 1 |
| 15 | Computational model- ing of 1 D blood flow with variable mechanical properties and its application to the simulation of wave propagation in the hu- man arterial system 显示文摘 | Sherwin S J Formaggia L Peir6 J | 2003 | International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids2003，43，67： | 1 |
| 16 | A moving frame of reference algorithm for fluid/structure interaction of rotating and translating bodies显示文摘 | Li L Sherwin S J Bearman P W | 2002 | Int J Numer Methods Fluids2002，38，： | 1 |
| 17 | Synthesis and evaluation of novel substrates and inhibitors of N-succinyl-LL-diaminopimelate aminotransferase (DAP-AT) from Escherichia coli显示文摘 | Cox R J Sherwin W A Lam L K P | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Modelling the Long Term Water Yield Impact of Wildfire and Other Forest Disturbance in Eucalypt Forests显示文摘 | Lane P N J Feikema P M Sherwin C B | 2010 | Environmental Modelling Software2010，25，： | 1 |
| 19 | Does low and oscillatorywall shear stress correlate spatially with early atherosclerosis? A systematic revie显示文摘 | Peiffer V Sherwin S J Weinberg PD | 2013 | Cardiovascular Research2013，5，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Identification of genes regulated by leukemia inhibitoty factor in the mouse uterus at the time of implantation显示文摘 | Sherwin J R Freeman T C Stephens R J | 2004 | Mol Endocrinol2004，18，9： | 1 |
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