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| 1 | 婴幼儿卒中的处理:来自美国心脏协会卒中委员会和青少年心血管病委员会专门写作组的科学声明显示文摘目的:本声明旨在回顾有关儿童卒中的文献,为最佳的诊断和治疗提供推荐意见,供负责诊断和治疗婴儿、儿童和青少年脑血管病的医生使用。方法:写作组成员由美国心脏协会卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会任命,由多个不同领域的专家组成。应用美国心脏协会卒中委员会的证据分级标准对每条推荐意见进行分级。在经过小组成员审查后,草稿由4位同行评议专家和卒中委员会指导委员会成员审阅,并由美国心脏协会科学咨询和协调委员会批准。我们预计该声明需在4年内进行更新。结果:为镰状细胞病、烟雾病、颈一脑动脉夹层分离和心源性栓塞引起的缺血性卒中的预防提供循证推荐,同时为出血性卒中的评价和处理提供推荐意见。提出儿童使用肝素和华法林的剂量方案。另外,还为围产期卒中和儿童脑静脉窦血栓形成的评价和处理提供推荐。 | E.Steve Roach(著) Meredith R. Golomb(著) Robert Adams(著) Jose Biller(著) Stephen Daniels(著) Gabrielle deVeber(著) Donna Ferriero(著) Blaise V. Jones(著) Fenella J. Kirkham(著) R. Michael Scott(著) Edward R. Smith(著) 刘丽芳(译) 王胜男(译) 王伟(译) 林镇洲(译) 朱佳佳(译) 潘速跃(译) | 2008 | 国际脑血管病杂志2008，16，11： | 60 |
| 2 | 卒中相关性肺炎的诊断卒中肺炎共识小组的推荐意见显示文摘背景和目的下呼吸道感染常并发于卒中并对转归造成不利影响。对于并发于卒中的下呼吸道感染性疾病,目前尚无公认的专业术语或诊断金标准,这导致临床诊疗和研究受到影响。本共识旨在提出急性卒中并发下呼吸道感染的标准化术语和可操作性诊断标准。方法对多个文献数据库进行系统检索,经过证据回顾和2轮讨论,最后于2014年9月在英国曼彻斯特召开共识会议,经75%以上共识小组成员达成一致意见后形成共识。结果达成的共识如下:(1)推荐使用卒中相关性肺炎(stroke-associated pneumonia, SAP )作为卒中发病后7 d内发生的下呼吸道感染性疾病的专业术语。(2)提议对 SAP 使用经过改良的美国疾病控制预防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC)诊断标准:①很可能的 SAP:符合 CDC 诊断标准,但复查或动态监测胸部 X 片仍缺乏典型改变;②确诊的 SAP:符合 CDC 诊断标准,且胸部 X 片有典型改变。(3)关于白细胞计数或 C反应蛋白在 SAP 诊断中的作用证据有限。(4)其他生物学标记物(如降钙素原)的证据不足。结论提议根据 CDC 诊断标准对 SAP 的术语和诊断制定可操作性的共识标准,需要在卒中患者中进行前瞻性研究来确定其信度、效度以及对医生行为(包括抗生素选择)和临床转归的影响。 | Craig J. Smith Amit K Kishore Andy Vail Angel Chamorro Javier Garau Stephen J. Hopkins Mario Di Napoli Lalit Kalra Peter Langhorne Joan Montaner Christine Roffe Anthony G. Rudd Pippa J. TyrreU Diederik van de Peek Mark Woodhead Andreas Meisel 范琳琳 宿英英 | 2016 | 国际脑血管病杂志2016，24，2： | 17 |
| 3 | Epirubicin, oxaliplatin, and capecitabine with or without panitumumab for patients with previously untreated advanced oesophagogastric cancer (REAL3): a randomised, open-label phase 3 trial显示文摘 | Tom Waddell Ian Chau David Cunningham David Gonzalez Alicia Frances Clare Okines Andrew Wotherspoon Claire Saffery Gary Middleton Jonathan Wadsley David Ferry Wasat Mansoor Tom Crosby Fareeda Coxon David Smith Justin Waters Timothy Iveson Stephen Falk Sar | 2013 | Lancet Oncology2013，，6： | 10 |
| 4 | 罗格列酮改善胰岛素抵抗和β细胞功能及对心血管的潜在保护作用显示文摘代谢综合征是伴有胰岛素抵抗的一组疾病的集聚 ,主要包括糖耐量异常 (糖尿病、糖耐量低减 )、中心性肥胖、高血压、脂代谢紊乱、微量白蛋白尿等代谢异常 ,而这些成分都是心血管病的危险因素 ,严重影响人们的健康和生活质量。因此如何诊断筛查这些病人并且采取合理的防治措施是目前亟待解决的问题。2 0 0 2年 4月 6日在上海和平饭店召开了“罗格列酮在代谢综合征治疗中的意义”专家研讨会 ,会议邀请了内分泌学科、心血管学科、肾脏学科和消化学科的专家对于代谢综合征的概念、病因、发病机制、流行病学、诊断和治疗进行了广泛而深入的交流和讨论。研讨会由内分泌专家瑞金医院上海市内分泌研究所陈家伦教授和心脏病专家中山医院心血管科诸骏仁教授主持。 | Stephen Smith | 2002 | 国外医学(内分泌学分册)2002，22，5： | 9 |
| 5 | Shale Gas Well Completions and Maximizing Gas Recoveries显示文摘It is shown that stress fields within the earth are the principle control for hydraulic fracture direction in horizontal shale gas wells. Hydraulic fracturing is a process of increasing permeability within gas shales and involves a sophisticated organization of technology, good planning and proper management of equipment over a very short time period to be successful. The direction and extent of the induced fractures can be determined in near real-time at the well site via application of earthquake seismology theory in a now common process known as frac mapping. Next to the horizontal lateral azimuth, the total volume of slurry pumped into the well is a major factor in determining well EURs. Vertical fracture growth can be controlled and is important in concentration of the slurry within the main zone target zone that has the high TOC and porosity. Cemented casing with perforations is currently the most used method for zone isolation. New open-hole sleeve packers may eventually provide more flexibility in fracture design while also providing a means for refracturing multi-stage fractured horizontal wells, a technique not now commonly available. Multi-Stage fracture design requires incorporating rock properties with fracturing effect simulations and then verifying results using 3D reservoir simulations. Maximizing the gas recovery factors and EURs can be accomplished through use of closely spaced laterals with inter-fingered fracture stages and exploiting the stress shadow fracturing phenomenon. Even greater EURs may be possible if the wells can be refractured thereby opening up additional permeability channels. Shale gas development has progressed in an environmentally sensitive manner within the U.S. and will continue in this manner. During the past ten years, all of these technologies have been either newly developed or were the advancement of existing technology with modifications. The opportunity exists to take these proven technologies to other areas of the world for exploitation of shale gas reservoirs. | Michael D. Burnaman Stephen Smith Wenwu Xia | 2009 | 中国石油勘探2009，14，3： | 8 |
| 6 | Diagnosis and Management of the Metabolic Syndrome: An American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement显示文摘 | Scott M. Grundy James I. Cleeman Stephen R. Daniels Karen A. Donato Robert H. Eckel Barry A. Franklin David J. Gordon Ronald M. Krauss Peter J. Savage Sidney C. Smith John A. Spertus Fernando Costa | 2005 | Circulation2005，，17： | 7 |
| 7 | Acute chylous ascites mimicking acute appendicitis in a patient with pancreatitis显示文摘We report a case of acute chylous peritonitis mimicking acute appendicitis in a man with acute on chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatitis, both acute and chronic, causing the development of acute chylous ascites and peritonitis has rarely been reported in the English literature. This is the fourth published case of acute chylous ascites mimicking acute appendicitis in the literature. | Emily K Smith Edmund Ek Daniel Croagh Lavinia A Spain Stephen Farrell | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，38： | 7 |
| 8 | 代谢综合征的诊断和治疗——美国心脏协会/国立心肺血液研究所指南概要显示文摘 | Scott M. Grundy James I. Cleeman Stephen R. Daniels Karen A. Donato Robert H. Eckel Barry A.Franklin David J. Gordon Ronald M. Krauss Peter J. Savage Sidney C. Smith John A. Spertus Fernando Costa | 2006 | 世界核心医学期刊文摘(心脏病学分册)2006，2，4： | 5 |
| 9 | 我国自然旅游资源私有化后果动态管理研究显示文摘通过对'自然旅游资源私有化(NBTRP)'现象的机会和危险分析。NBTRP产生的影响既有正面影响也有负面影响,因此'NBTRP净影响监管模型'被设计用以动态综合评价目标目的地NBTRP的成效。 | 黄向 保继刚 Stephen Smith | 2008 | 软科学2008，22，4： | 5 |
| 10 | Vacuum interrupter,high reliability component of distribution switches,circuit breakers and contactors显示文摘The use of vacuum interrupters(VIs)as the current interruption component for switches,circuit breakers,reclosers and contactors operating at distribution voltages has escalated since their introduction in the mid-1950’s.This electrical product has developed a dominating position for switching and protecting distribution circuits.VIs are even being introduced into switching products operating at transmission voltages.Among the reasons for the VI’s popularity are its compactness,its range of application,its low cost,its superb electrical and mechanical life and its ease of application.Its major advantage is its well-established reliability.In this paper we show how this reliability has been achieved by design,by mechanical life testing and by electrical performance testing.We introduce the“sealed for life”concept for the VI’s integrity.We discuss this in terms of what is meant by a practical leak rate for VIs with a life of over 30 years.We show that a simple high voltage withstand test is an easy and effective method for monitoring the long-term vacuum integrity.Finally we evaluate the need for routine inspection of this electrical product when it is used in adverse ambient environments. | SLADE Paul G. MAYO Stephen SMITH R.Kirkland TAYLOR Erik D. | 2007 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering)2007，8，3： | 4 |
| 11 | Impact of RAS and BRAF mutations on carcinoembryonic antigen production and pattern of colorectal metastases显示文摘AIM: To investigate the impact of RAS and BRAF mutations on the pattern of metastatic disease and carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) production.METHODS: In this retrospective study, we investigated the impact of RAS and BRAF mutational status on pattern of metastatic disease and CEA production. Only patients presenting with a newly diagnosed metastatic colorectal cancer(CRC) were included. Patients' characteristics, primary tumor location, site of metastatic disease and CEA at presentation were compared between those with and without RAS and BRAF mutations.RESULTS: Among 174 patients, mutations in KRAS, NRAS and BRAF were detected in 47%, 3% and 6% respectively. RAS mutations(KRAS and NRAS) were more likely to be found in African American patients(87% vs 13%; P value = 0.0158). RAS mutations were associated with a higher likelihood of a normal CEA(< 5 ng/mL) at presentation. BRAF mutations were more likely to occur in females. We were not able to confirm any association between mutational status and site of metastatic disease at initial diagnosis.CONCLUSION: No association was found between RAS and BRAF mutations and sites of metastatic disease at the time of initial diagnosis in our cohort. Patients with RAS mutations were more likely to present with CEA levels < 5 ng/mL. These findings may have clinical implications on surveillance strategies for RAS mutant patients with earlier stages of CRC. | may cho chie akiba cecilia lau david smith milhan telatar michelle afkhami stephen sentovich kurt melstrom marwan fakih | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2016，8，1： | 3 |
| 12 | Liver biopsy显示文摘 | Don C. Rockey Stephen H. Caldwell Zachary D. Goodman Rendon C. Nelson Alastair D. Smith | 2009 | Hepatology2009，，3： | 3 |
| 13 | Objective assessment of bradykinesia in Parkinson’s disease using evolutionary algorithms:clinical validation显示文摘Background:There is an urgent need for developing objective,effective and convenient measurements to help clinicians accurately identify bradykinesia.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of an objective approach assessing bradykinesia in finger tapping(FT)that uses evolutionary algorithms(EAs)and explore whether it can be used to identify early stage Parkinson’s disease(PD).Methods:One hundred and seven PD,41 essential tremor(ET)patients and 49 normal controls(NC)were recruited.Participants performed a standard FT task with two electromagnetic tracking sensors attached to the thumb and index finger.Readings from the sensors were transmitted to a tablet computer and subsequently analyzed by using EAs.The output from the device(referred to as'PD-Monitor')scaled from−1 to+1(where higher scores indicate greater severity of bradykinesia).Meanwhile,the bradykinesia was rated clinically using the Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale(MDS-UPDRS)FT item.Results:With an increasing MDS-UPDRS FT score,the PD-Monitor score from the same hand side increased correspondingly.PD-Monitor score correlated well with MDS-UPDRS FT score(right side:r=0.819,P=0.000;left side:r=0.783,P=0.000).Moreover,PD-Monitor scores in 97 PD patients with MDS-UPDRS FT bradykinesia and each PD subgroup(FT bradykinesia scored from 1 to 3)were all higher than that in NC.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves revealed that PD-Monitor FT scores could detect different severity of bradykinesia with high accuracy(≥89.7%)in the right dominant hand.Furthermore,PD-Monitor scores could discriminate early stage PD from NC,with area under the ROC curve greater than or equal to 0.899.Additionally,ET without bradykinesia could be differentiated from PD by PD-Monitor scores.A positive correlation of PD-Monitor scores with modified Hoehn and Yahr stage was found in the left hand sides.Conclusions:Our study demonstrated that a simple to use device employing classifiers derived from EAs could not only be used to accurately measure different severity of bradykinesia in PD,but also had the potential to differentiate early stage PD from normality. | Chao Gao Stephen Smith Michael Lones Stuart Jamieson Jane Alty Jeremy Cosgrove Pingchen Zhang Jin Liu Yimeng Chen Juanjuan Du Shishuang Cui Haiyan Zhou Shengdi Chen | 2018 | Translational Neurodegeneration2018，7，1： | 3 |
| 14 | Short-Term Outcomes of the Australasian Randomized Clinical Study Comparing Laparoscopic and Conventional Open Surgical Treatments for Colon Cancer: The ALCCaS Trial显示文摘 | Peter J. Hewett Randall A. Allardyce Philip F. Bagshaw Christopher M. Frampton Francis A. Frizelle Nicholas A. Rieger J Shona Smith Michael J. Solomon Jacqueline H. Stephens Andrew R. L. Stevenson | 2008 | Annals of Surgery2008，，5： | 3 |
| 15 | The Combination of Ribavirin and Peginterferon Is Superior to Peginterferon and Placebo for Children and Adolescents With Chronic Hepatitis C显示文摘 | Kathleen B. Schwarz Regino P. Gonzalez–Peralta Karen F. Murray Jean P. Molleston Barbara A. Haber Maureen M. Jonas Philip Rosenthal Parvathi Mohan William F. Balistreri Michael R. Narkewicz Lesley Smith Steven J. Lobritto Stephen Rossi Alexandra Valsamaki | 2011 | Gastroenterology2011，，2： | 2 |
| 16 | Neo- and Paleopolyploidy contribute to the species diversity of Asplenium the most species-rich genus of ferns显示文摘Polyploidy 广泛地在植物的进化被看作一个主要过程,但是多倍体种类差异的累积仍然是争论的。一些最近的研究与他们的双祖先相比在 neopolyploids 建议了增加的扑灭风险。多倍体蕨纲植物的高比例被期望主要被 neopolyploids 形成,而 paleopolyploid 种类被预言在整个染色体复制成立的 clades 被聚类。这里,我们由在导出的蕨纲植物家庭 Aspleniaceae 探索 polyploidy 的进化测试这预言。家庭有全球分布并且在所有蕨纲植物之中显示出多倍体 taxa 的最高的频率。测试假设,我们用代表 292 种类的 883 个标本的叶绿体 DNA 序列获得了全面发展史。所有出版染色体计数被印射到这个种系发生的框架上以便探索多倍体的进化。我们 Aspleniaceae 的历史上为几整个染色体复制恢复了证据。超过 tetraploid 水平的多倍体的种系发生的关系建议那 tetraploid Asplenium 种可能在这个家庭的某 clades 作为主要进化播放器代替了他们的双祖先。 | Harald Schneider Hong-Mei Liu Yan-Fen Chang Daniel Ohlsen Leon R. Perrie Lara Shepherd Michael Kessler Dirk N. Karger Sabine Hennequin Jeannine Marquardt Stephen Russell Stephen Ansell Ngan Thi Lu Peris Kamau Josmaily Loriga Ledis Regalado Jochen Heinrichs Atsushi Ebihara Alan R. Smith Mary Gibby | 2017 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2017，55，4： | 2 |
| 17 | Reliability of S100B in predicting severity of central nervous system injury显示文摘 | Stephen M. Bloomfield James McKinney Les Smith Jonathan Brisman | 2007 | Neurocritical Care2007，，2： | 2 |
| 18 | The safety of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for the treatment of HIV infection in adults: the first 4 years显示文摘 | Mark R Nelson Christine Katlama Julio S Montaner David A Cooper Brian Gazzard Bonaventura Clotet Adriano Lazzarin Knud Schewe Joep Lange Christina Wyatt Sue Curtis Shan-Shan Chen Stephen Smith Norbert Bischofberger James F Rooney | 2007 | AIDS2007，，10： | 2 |
| 19 | Capture of Authentic Embryonic Stem Cells from Rat Blastocysts显示文摘 | Mia Buehr Stephen Meek Kate Blair Jian Yang Janice Ure Jose Silva Renee McLay John Hall Qi-Long Ying Austin Smith | 2008 | Cell2008，，7： | 2 |
| 20 | SUSAN—A New Approach to Low Level Image Processing显示文摘 | Stephen M. Smith J. Michael Brady | 1997 | International Journal of Computer Vision1997，，1： | 2 |
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