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| 1 | A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns显示文摘发展史长通知了蕨类植物分类。当我们推断进化的树的能力改善了,针对认出生来的组的分类变得逐渐地预兆、稳定。这里,我们为 lycophytes 和蕨纲植物提供一个现代、全面分类,在下面,利用一条基于社区的途径类水平。我们 monophyly 用作主要标准让 taxa,而且目的识别保存两个广泛地被接受的存在 taxa 和界限并且与我们蕨类植物发展史的理解一致。总共,这个分类对待一在 337 个类, 51 个家庭, 14 目,和二个班估计了 11 916 种类。这个分类没在 lycophyte 和蕨纲植物上作为最后的词被打算分类,而是当前的假设的概括陈述,源于最好的可得到的数据并且在问题由熟悉植物的那些大多数塑造了。我们希望它将在蕨类植物上为最近的文学的那些想要的参考用作一个资源发展史和分类,为指导未来调查的一个框架,和推进讲话的刺激。 | Eric Schuettpelz Harald Schneider Alan R. Smith Peter Hovenkamp Jefferson Prado Germinal Rouhan Alexandre Salino Michael Sundue Thafs Elias Almeida Barbara Parris Emily B. Sessa Ashley R. Field Andre Luis de Gasper Carl J. Rothfels Michael D. Windham Marcus Lehnert Benjamin Dauphin Atsushi Ebihara Samuli Lehtonen Pedro Bond Schwartsburd Jordan Metzgar Li-Bing Zhang Li-Yaung Kuo Patrick J. Brownsey Masahiro Kato Marcelo Daniel Arana Francine C. Assis Michael S. Barker David S. Barrington Ho-Ming Chang Yi-Han Chang Yi-Shan Chao Cheng-Wei Chen De-Kui Chen Wen-Liang Chiou Vinicius Antonio de Oliveira Dittrich Yi-Fan Duan Jean-Yves Dubuisson Donald R. Farrar Susan Fawcett Jose Maria Gabriel y Galan Luiz Armando de Araujo Goes-Neto Jason R. Grant Amanda L. Grusz Christopher Haufler Warren Hauk Hai He Sabine Hennequin Regina Yoshie Hirai Layne Huiet Michael Kessler Petra Korall Paulo H. Labiak Anders Larsson Blanca Leen Chun-Xiang Li Fay-Wei Li Melanie Link-Perez Hong-Mei Liu Ngan Thi Lu Esteban I. Meza-Torres Xin-Yuan Miao Robbin Moran Claudine Massi Mynssens Nathalie Nagalingum Benjamin Ollgaard Alison M. Paul Jovani B. de S. Pereira Leon R. Perrie Monica Ponce Tom A. Ranker Christian Schulz Wataru Shinohara Alexander Shmakov Erin M. Sigel Filipe Soares de Souza Lana da Silva Sylvestre Weston Testo Luz Amparo Triana-Moreno Chie Tsutsumi Hanna Tuomisto IvAn A. Valdespino Alejandra Vasco Raquel Stauffer Viveros Alan Weakley Ran Wei Stina Weststrand Paul G. Wolf George Yatskievych Xiao-Gang Xu Yue-Hong Yan Liang Zhang Xian-Chun Zhang Xin-Mao Zhou | 2016 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2016，54，6： | 44 |
| 2 | Smoking in schizophrenic patients:A critique of the selfmedication hypothesis显示文摘A common remark among laypeople, and notably also among mental health workers, is that individuals with mental illnesses use drugs as self-medication to allay clinical symptoms and the side effects of drug treatments. Roots of the self-medication concept in psychiatry date back at least to the 1980 s. Observations that rates of smokers in schizophrenic patients are multiple times the rates for regular smoking in the general population, as well as those with other disorders, proved particularly tempting for a self-medication explanation. Additional evidence came from experiments with animal models exposed to nicotine and the identification of neurobiological mechanisms suggesting self-medication with smoking is a plausible idea. More recently, results from studies comparing smoking and non-smoking schizophrenic patients have led to the questioning of the self-medication hypothesis. Closer examination of the literature points to the possibility that smoking is less beneficial on schizophrenic symptomology than generally assumed while clearly increasing the risk of cancer and other smoking-related diseases responsible for early mortality. It is a good time to examine the evidence for the self-medication concept as it relates to smoking. Our approach is to focus on data addressing direct or implied predictions of the hypothesis in schizophrenic smokers. | Francesca Manzella Susan E Maloney George T Taylor | 2015 | World Journal of Psychiatry2015，5，1： | 4 |
| 3 | The Role of Synthetic Biology in Atmospheric Greenhouse Gas Reduction: Prospects and Challenges显示文摘The long atmospheric residence time of CO2 creates an urgent need to add atmospheric carbon drawdown to CO2 regulatory strategies.Synthetic and systems biology(SSB),which enables manipulation of cellular phenotypes,offers a powerful approach to amplifying and adding new possibilities to current land management practices aimed at reducing atmospheric carbon.The participants(in attendance:Christina Agapakis,George Annas,Adam Arkin,George Church,Robert Cook-Deegan,Charles DeLisi,Dan Drell,Sheldon Glashow,Steve Hamburg,Henry Jacoby,Henry Kelly,Mark Kon,Todd Kuiken,Mary Lidstrom,Mike MacCracken,June Medford,Jerry Melillo,Ron Milo,Pilar Ossorio,Ari Patrinos,Keith Paustian,Kristala Jones Prather,Kent Redford,David Resnik,John Reilly,Richard J.Roberts,Daniel Segre,Susan Solomon,Elizabeth Strychalski,Chris Voigt,Dominic Woolf,Stan Wullschleger,and Xiaohan Yang)identified a range of possibilities by which SSB might help reduce greenhouse gas concentrations and which might also contribute to environmental sustainability and adaptation.These include,among other possibilities,engineering plants to convert CO2 produced by respiration into a stable carbonate,designing plants with an increased root-to-shoot ratio,and creating plants with the ability to self-fertilize.A number of serious ecological and societal challenges must,however,be confronted and resolved before any such application can be fully assessed,realized,and deployed. | Charles DeLisi Aristides Patrinos Michael MacCracken Dan Drell George Annas Adam Arkin George Church Robert Cook-Deegan Henry Jacoby Mary Lidstrom Jerry Melillo Ron Milo Keith Paustian John Reilly Richard J.Roberts Daniel Segrè Susan Solomon Dominic Woolf Stan D.Wullschleger Xiaohan Yang | 2020 | BioDesign Research2020，，1： | 2 |
| 4 | Oxygen desaturation during sleep in hepatopulmonary syndrome显示文摘 | David T. Palma George M. Philips Miguel R. Arguedas Susan M. Harding Michael B. Fallon | 2008 | Hepatology2008，，4： | 2 |
| 5 | Adhesive small bowel obstruction after appendectomy in children: comparison between the laparoscopic and open approach显示文摘 | Kuo Jen Tsao Shawn D. St Peter Patricia A. Valusek Scott J. Keckler Susan Sharp George W. Holcomb Charles L. Snyder Daniel J. Ostlie | 2007 | Journal of Pediatric Surgery2007，，6： | 2 |
| 6 | Cardiovascular physiology in the older adults显示文摘 | Xuming Dai Scott L Hummel Jorge B Salazar George E Taffet Susan Zieman Janice B Schwartz | 2015 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2015，12，3： | 2 |
| 7 | Epidemiological link between obesity,type 2 diabetes mellitus and cancer显示文摘There exists a complex interaction between obesity,type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and cancer,and an increase in the incidence of cancer is expected with the growing obesity-diabetes pandemic.The association of cancer with diabetes mellitus and obesity appears to be site-specific,the highest risk being for postmenopausal breast cancer,endometrial cancer,and colorectal cancer.Moreover,there is worsening of hyperglycaemia with the onset of cancer,evidencing a bidirectional link between cancer and diabetes mellitus and the need for monitoring for diabetes in cancer survivors.In this review,we look at the epidemiological evidence from observational studies and Mendelian randomization studies linking obesity,diabetes,and cancer,as well as the complex pathophysiological mechanisms involved,including insulin resistance with associated hyperinsulinaemia,the effect of chronic low-grade inflammation,and the effect of various adipokines that are associated with obesity and T2DM.Additionally,we describe the novel therapeutic strategies,based on their role on the discrete pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the tumourigenesis. | Cornelius J Fernandez Annu Susan George Nikhila A Subrahmanyan Joseph M Pappachan | 2021 | World Journal of Methodology2021，11，3： | 2 |
| 8 | Field Cancerization in the Intestinal Epithelium of Patients With Crohn’s Ileocolitis显示文摘 | Susan Galandiuk Manuel Rodriguez–Justo Rosemary Jeffery Anna M. Nicholson Yong Cheng Dahmane Oukrif George Elia Simon J. Leedham Stuart A.C. McDonald Nicholas A. Wright Trevor A. Graham | 2012 | Gastroenterology2012，，4： | 2 |
| 9 | Increasing diabetes self-management education in community settings显示文摘 | Susan L Norris Phyllis J Nichols Carl J Caspersen Russell E Glasgow Michael M Engelgau Leonard Jack Susan R Snyder Vilma G Carande-Kulis George Isham Sanford Garfield Peter Briss David McCulloch | 2002 | American Journal of Preventive Medicine2002，，4： | 2 |
| 10 | The ecology of medical care revisited显示文摘 | Larry A Green George E Fryer Jr Barbara P Yawn David lanier Susan M Dovey | 2001 | The New England Journal of Medicine2001，334，26： | 1 |
| 11 | Influence of Technologic Advances on Outcomes in Patients With Unresectable, Locally Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Receiving Concomitant Chemoradiotherapy显示文摘 | Zhongxing X. Liao Ritsuko R. Komaki Howard D. Thames Helen H. Liu Susan L. Tucker Radhe Mohan Mary K. Martel Xiong Wei Kunyu Yang Edward S. Kim George Blumenschein Waun Ki Hong James D. Cox | 2010 | International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics2010，，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Enhanced cofermentation of glucose and xylose by recombinantSaccharomyces yeast strains in batch and continuous operating modes显示文摘 | t SUSAN T TOON GEORGE P PHILIPPIDIS NANCY W Y HO | 1997 | Applied Bio- chemistry and Biotechnology1997，6365，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Application of a high-throughput HPLC-MS/MS assay to arabidopsis mutant screening; evidence that threonine aidolase plays a role in seed nutritional quality显示文摘 | Georg J Susan RN Vijay J | 2004 | The Plant Journal2004，39，： | 1 |
| 14 | Somatic embryogenesis in peanut:Influence of growth regulators and sugars显示文摘 | Susan Eapen Leela George | 1993 | Plant Cell Tissue Organ Culture1993，35，2： | 1 |
| 15 | HSF1 Drives a Transcriptional Program Distinct from Heat Shock to Support Highly Malignant Human Cancers显示文摘 | Marc L. Mendillo Sandro Santagata Martina Koeva George W. Bell Rong Hu Rulla M. Tamimi Ernest Fraenkel Tan A. Ince Luke Whitesell Susan Lindquist | 2012 | Cell2012，，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms:A clinical snapshot显示文摘Our understanding about the epidemiological aspects,pathogenesis,molecular diagnosis,and targeted therapies of neuroendocrine neoplasms(NENs)have drastically advanced in the past decade.Gastroenteropancreatic(GEP)NENs originate from the enteroendocrine cells of the embryonic gut which share common endocrine and neural differentiation factors.Most NENs are welldifferentiated,and slow growing.Specific neuroendocrine biomarkers that are used in the diagnosis of functional NENs include insulin,glucagon,vasoactive intestinal polypeptide,gastrin,somatostatin,adrenocorticotropin,growth hormone releasing hormone,parathyroid hormone-related peptide,serotonin,histamine,and 5-hydroxy indole acetic acid(5-HIAA).Biomarkers such as pancreatic polypeptide,human chorionic gonadotrophin subunits,neurotensin,ghrelin,and calcitonin are used in the diagnosis of non-functional NENs.5-HIAA levels correlate with tumour burden,prognosis and development of carcinoid heart disease and mesenteric fibrosis,however several diseases,medications and edible products can falsely elevate the 5-HIAA levels.Organ-specific transcription factors are useful in the differential diagnosis of metastasis from an unknown primary of well-differentiated NENs.Emerging novel biomarkers include circulating tumour cells,circulating tumour DNA,circulating micro-RNAs,and neuroendocrine neoplasms test(NETest)(simultaneous measurement of 51 neuroendocrine-specific marker genes in the peripheral blood).NETest has high sensitivity(85%-98%)and specificity(93%-97%)for the detection of gastrointestinal NENs,and is useful for monitoring treatment response,recurrence,and prognosis.In terms of management,surgery,radiofrequency ablation,symptom control with medications,chemotherapy and molecular targeted therapies are all considered as options.Surgery is the mainstay of treatment,but depends on factors including age of the individual,location,stage,grade,functional status,and the heredity of the tumour(sporadic vs inherited).Medical management is helpful to alleviate the symptoms,manage inoperable lesions,suppress postoperative tumour growth,and manage recurrences.Several molecular-targeted therapies are considered second line to somatostatin analogues.This review is a clinical update on the pathophysiological aspects,diagnostic algorithm,and management of GEP NENs. | Cornelius J Fernandez Mayuri Agarwal Biju Pottakkat Nisha Nigil Haroon Annu Susan George Joseph MPappachan | 2021 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2021，13，3： | 1 |
| 17 | An evaluation of ecotourism in Amazonas, Brazil 显示文摘 | George N W Susan M P | 1996 | Annals of Tourism Research1996，23，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Deliberation: Integrating Analytical Results into Environmental Decisions Involving Multiple Stakeholders显示文摘 | George E. Apostolakis Susan E. Pickett | 1998 | Risk Analysis1998，，5： | 1 |
| 19 | Assessment of alterna tire iron sources in the pressure leaching of zinc con centrates using a reactor model 显示文摘 | Baldwin Susan A George P D | 1995 | Hydrometallur gy1995，39，： | 1 |
| 20 | An evidence-based definition for perforated appendicitis derived from a prospective randomized trial显示文摘 | Shawn D. St. Peter Susan W. Sharp George W. Holcomb Daniel J. Ostlie | 2008 | Journal of Pediatric Surgery2008，，12： | 1 |
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