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| 1 | Formation of complexes of Rubisco-Rubisco activase from La^3+, Ce^3+ treatment spinach显示文摘The complex of Rubisco and Rubisco activase from LaCl3-, CeCl3- treated spinach in vivo is induced. SDS-PAGE result shows that the purified proteins from LaCl3-, CeCl3- treated spinach have not only large and small subunits (55 kD, 14.4 kD) of Rubisco, but also two large subunits of 45 kD and 41 kD near the large subunits of Rubisco. Native-PAGE shows that the purified proteins from LaCl3-, CeCl3- treated spinach have not only a band of Rubisco (560 kD), but also a band of about 1100 kD, about twice distant from Rubisco, which might be a complex of Rubisco and Rubisco activase. The purified enzyme activities from LaCl3-, CeCl3-treated spinach are 1.8 and 2.8 times that of the control,the intensities of absorption and fluorescence are sig- nificantly higher than that of the purified Rubisco from the control, and the total sulfhydryl groups and available sulfhydryl groups are 36—39 –SH per mol enzyme, 14—25 –SH per mol enzyme more than those of the purified Rubisco from the control, respectively. The CD spectra show that the secondary structure of the purified enzyme from LaCl3-, CeCl3 -treated spinach is very dif- ferent from the control. The enzyme activities from LaCl3-, CeCl3- treated spinach in vivo are 1.5 and 1.9 times those of the control. | HONG Fashui1, LIU Chao1, ZHENG Lei1, WANG Xuefeng1, WU Kang1, SONG Weiping1, Lü Shipeng1, TAO Ye2 & ZHAO Guiwen3 1. College of Life Sciences, Suzhou Universty, Suzhou 215006, China 2. Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Institute of High Energy Physics, The Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100039, China 3. Chemical Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China | 2005 | Science China Chemistry2005，48，1： | 16 |
| 2 | Function and regulation of cholecystokinin-octapeptide, β-endorphin and gastrin in anorexic infantile rats treated with ErBao Granules显示文摘AIM To study the role of cholecystokinin octapeptide ( CCK-8), β-endorphin ( β-EP), and gastrin in an anorexic infantile rat model and no subsequent regulation of nose peptides by the Yunpi complex prescription ErBao Granule.METHODS We fed infantile rats with special prepared forage. A liquid extract of ErBao Granule was administered to the rats daily for 3weeks, CCK-8, β-EP, and gastrin concentrations in hypothalamus, gastric antrum, and plasma of the rats were measured by radioimmunoassay,and were compared with controls.RESULTS Treatment of rats with ErBao Granule inhibited CCK-8 secretion and increased β-EP and gastrin secretion. CCK-8 concentration in hypothalamus and plasma of model control group increased significantly and correlated negatively with food intake of models.respectively. β-EP concentration in gastric antrum and plasma of model control group decreased significantly and showed a positive correlation with food intake of models,respectively. Hypothalamus concentration of β-EP was similar in models and controls. Gastrin concentration in gastric antrum of models was lower than in the blank control group, and correlated positively to food intake of models.Finally, CCK-8 concentrations in plasma of rats showed a positive correlation with plasma β-EP(r- 0.68, P<0.05).CONCLUSION The increased plasma and hypothalamus concentration of CCK-8,decreased gastric antrum and plasma level of β-EP. and decreased gastric antrum concentration of gastrin are associated significantly with the anorexia of infantile anorexic rat models produced by special forage. ErBao Granule can reverse these changes, which may be the major mechanisms of ErBao Granule simulating feeding. | Yong Ping Du1 Yue Ping Zhang2 Shou Chuan Wang3 Jian Shi1 Shao Hua Wu1,1.Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Xijing Hospital, theFourth Military Medical University. Xi an 7101132, Shaanxi Province,China 2.Department of Pediatrics. Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military MedicalUniversity. Xi’an 710032. Shaanxi Province. China 3.Department of Pediatrics. Nanjing University of Traditional ChineseMedicine, Nanjing71011?l, Jiangsu Province. China | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，2： | 14 |
| 3 | Tidally induced upwelling off Yangtze River estuary and in Zhejiang coastal waters in summer显示文摘MASNUM wave-tide-circulation coupled numerical model (MASNUM coupled model, hereinafter) is de-veloped based on the Princeton Ocean Model (POM). Both POM and MASNUM coupled model are ap-plied in the numerical simulation of the upwelling off Yangtze River estuary and in Zhejiang coastal waters in summer. The upwelling mechanisms are analyzed from the viewpoint of tide, and a new mechanism is proposed. The study suggests that the tidally inducing mechanism of the upwelling in-cludes two dynamic aspects: the barotropic and the baroclinic process. On the one hand, the residual currents induced by barotropic tides converge near the seabed, and upwelling is generated to maintain mass conservation. The climbing of the residual currents along the sea bottom slope also contributes to the upwelling. On the other hand, tidal mixing plays a very important role in inducing the upwelling in the baroclinic sea circumstances. Strong tidal mixing leads to conspicuous front in the coastal waters. The considerable horizontal density gradient across the front elicits a secondary circulation clinging to the tidal front, and the upwelling branch appears near the frontal zone. Numerical experiments are de-signed to determine the importance of tide in inducing the upwelling. The results indicate that tide is a key and dominant inducement of the upwelling. Experiments also show that coupling calculation of the four main tidal constituents (M2, S2, K1, and O1), rather than dealing with the single M2 constituent, im-proves the modeling precision of the barotropic tide-induced upwelling. | L XinGang1,2,3,4, QIAO FangLi1,2, XIA ChangShui1,2 & YUAN YeLi1,2 1 The First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China 2 Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling (MASNUM), State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China 3 Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China 4 Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，3： | 9 |
| 4 | Effects of bile acids on proliferation and ultrastructural alteration of pancreatic cancer cell lines显示文摘AIM: Pancreatic cancer in the head is frequently accompanied by jaundice and high bile acid level in serum. This study focused on the direct effects of bile acids on proliferation and ultrastructural alteration of pancreatic cancer.METHODS: Pancreatic cancer cell lines PANC-1, MIA PaCa2 and PGHAM-1 were explored in this study. The cell lines were cultured in media supplemented with certain bile acids,CA, DCA, LCA, TCDC, TDCA and GCA. Their influence on cell growth was measured with MTT assay after 72 h of incubation. Cell cycles of PANC-1 cells in 40 μM of bile acids media were analyzed by flow cytometry. Ultrastructural alteration of PANC-1 cells induced by DCA was observed using scanning and transmission electron microscope (SEM and TEM).RESULTS: At various concentrations of bile acids and incubation time, no enhanced effects of bile acids on cell proliferation were observed. Significant inhibitory effects were obtained in almost all media with bile acids. DCA and CA increased the percentage of G0+G1 phase cells, while GCA and TDCA elevated the S phase cell number. After 48 h of incubation in DCA medium, PANC-1 cells showed some structural damages such as loss of their microvilli and vacuolization of organelles in cytoplasm.CONCLUSION: Bile acids can reduce proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells due to their direct cytotoxicity. This result implies that elevation of bile acids in jaundiced serum may inhibit pancreatic cancer progression. | Zheng Wu Yi Lü Bo Wang Chang Liu Zuo-Ren Wang Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery,The First Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710061,Shaanxi Province,China | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，12： | 8 |
| 5 | Partial sequencing of 5' non-coding region of 7 HGV strains isolated from different areas of China显示文摘 | WANG Xing-Tai ZHUANG Hui SONG Hai-Bo Ll He-Min ZHANG Hua-Yuan and YU Yang(National Institute for the Control of bormceutical and BiologicalPriducts, Beijing 100050, China)(Department of Microbiology, Beijing Medical University, Beijing100083, China)(L | 1999 | World Journal of Gastroenterology1999，5，5： | 7 |
| 6 | Dynamic analysis of a flameless combustion model combustor显示文摘Flameless combustion is a new technology with the following advantages:1)Ultra-low emissions of both NOX and CO;2)fuel flexibility,from liquid fuels,natural gas to hydrogen-rich syngas;3)lower possibility of flashback and thermoacoustic oscillations.In this paper,we focus on the dynamic characteristics of a flameless model combustor.Experimental results show that flameless combustion can lower emissions while maintaining combustion stability.However,combining a pilot flame with flameless combustion may excite thermoacoustic instability. | CUI YuFeng 1* ,LüXuan 1,2 ,XU Gang 1 &NIE ChaoQun 1 1 Institute of Engineering Thermophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China 2Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China | 2010 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2010，53，8： | 5 |
| 7 | Runoff of the upper Yellow River above Tangnag: characteristics, evolution and changing trends显示文摘Runoff and its evolution, based on hydrometeorological data from surface measurement stations, are analyzed for the upper reaches of the Yellow River above Tangnag. Some mathematical statistical models, for example, Period Extrapolation-Gradual Regression Model, Grey Topology Forecast Model and Box-Jinkins Model, are applied in predicting changing trends on the runoff. The analysis indicates that the runoff volume in the upper Yellow River above Tangnag is ending a period of extended minimum flows. Increasing runoff is expected in the coming years. | LAN Yong-chao1, KANG Er-si1, MA Quan-jie2, ZHANG Ji-shi1, CHEN Ren-sheng1 (1. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China 2. Hydrology and Water Resources Bureau of the Upper Yellow River Basin, L | 2001 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2001，11，3： | 5 |
| 8 | Fecal immunochemical test accuracy in average-risk colorectal cancer screening显示文摘AIM:To assess the fecal immunochemical test(FIT)accuracy for colorectal cancer(CRC)and advanced neoplasia(AN)detection in CRC screening.METHODS:We performed a multicentric,prospective,double blind study of diagnostic tests on asymptomatic average-risk individuals submitted to screening colonoscopy.Two stool samples were collected and the fecal hemoglobin concentration was determined in the first sample(FIT1)and the highest level of both samples(FITmax)using the OC-sensor.Areas under the curve(AUC)for CRC and AN were calculated.The best FIT1and FITmax cut-off values for CRC were determined.At this threshold,number needed to scope(NNS)to detect a CRC and an AN and the cost per lesion detected were calculated.RESULTS:About 779 individuals were included.An AN was found in 97(12.5%)individuals:a CRC in 5(0.6%)and an advanced adenoma(≥10 mm,villous histology or high grade dysplasia)in 92(11.9%)subjects.For CRC diagnosis,FIT1 AUC was 0.96(95%CI:0.95-0.98)and FITmax AUC was 0.95(95%CI:0.93-0.97).For AN,FIT1 and FITmax AUC were similar(0.72,95%CI:0.66-0.78 vs 0.73,95%CI:0.68-0.79,respectively,P=0.34).Depending on the number of determinations and the positivity threshold cut-off used sensitivity for AN detection ranged between 28%and 42%and specificity between 91%and 97%.At the best cut-off point for CRC detection(115 ng/mL),the NNS to detect a CRC were 10.2 and 15.8;and the cost per CRC was 1814€and 2985€on FIT1 and FITmax strategies respectively.At this threshold the sensitivity,NNS and cost per AN detected were 30%,1.76,and 306€,in FIT1 strategy,and 36%,2.26€and 426€,in FITmax strategy,respectively.CONCLUSION:Performing two tests does not improve diagnostic accuracy,but increases cost and NNS to detect a lesion. | Vicent Hernandez Joaquin Cubiella M Carmen Gonzalez-Mao Felipe Iglesias Concepción Rivera M Begoa Iglesias Lucía Cid Ines Castro Luisa de Castro Pablo Vega Jose Antonio Hermo Ramiro Macenlle Alfonso Martínez-Turnes David Martínez-Ares Pamela Estevez Estela Cid M Carmen Vidal Angeles López-Martínez Elisabeth Hijona Marta Herreros-Villanueva Luis Bujanda Jose Ignacio Rodriguez-Prada the COLONPREV study investigators | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，4： | 4 |
| 9 | Suspended sediment flux of river:Wavelet analysis in the Panlong basin of the Upper Red River (Honghe River),China显示文摘这份报纸把小浪分析用于检验变化趋势,多时间规模变化,在上面的红河的 Panlong 盆的推迟的沉积流动(SSF ) 的周期、突然的变化特征,中国。结果显示 SSF 从 1951 ~ 1997 增加了,但是自从 1998,衰退了。SSF 的变化把多时间规模特征和变化在不同时间时期改变了。三周期的时间规模, 4, 7 和 22 年,被决定。22 年的周期的时间规模,是在三次规模之中的最明显的,通过整个研究时期延长了,而第 4-a 7 年的时间规模在某些时间时期仅仅是明显的。分别地有 27 次越过 4 年的时间规模,越过 7 年的时间规模的 16 次和越过 22 年的时间规模的 5 次的突然的变化。根据统计的聚会和气候数据分析,我们断定人的活动是导致了多时间规模的 SSF,而是特征的变化趋势的主要原因,周期、突然的变化被气候变化主要影响。 | DING WenRong~(1,2+) ZHOU Yue~(1,3) L XiXi~4 1 The Faculty of Environment Science and Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China 2 College of Tourism and Geography Science,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650092,China 3 Yunnan University of Finance and Economics,Kunming 650221,China 4 Department of Geography,National University of Singapore 119260,Singapore | 2007 | Chinese Science Bulletin2007，52，A02： | 4 |
| 10 | THREE-DIMENSIONAL NUMERICAL MODELINGOF COHESIVE SEDIMENT TRANSPORT BY TIDAL CURRENTIN PEARL RIVER ESTUARV显示文摘A three-dimensional numerical model of suspended sediment transport taking into account the effects of cohesiveness between sediments is presented. An efficient operator splitting scheme is employed to solve the equations of mass conservation, momentum and suspended sediment transport. The splitting method partitions a time step into three fractional time steps according to physical phenomena. In the first step, advection and Coriolis force are solved by Eulerian-Lagrangian method (ELM). Horizontal diffusion is approximated by implicit finite element method (FEM) for each horizontal layer in the second step. In the last step, vertical diffusion and pressure gradient are discretized by implicit finite difference method (FDM) for each nodal column. The continuity equation is solved by implicit FEM within an entire time step. The sigma coordinate system for vertical columns and nine-node isoparameteric finite elements for horizontal planes are employed in the model. Empirical functions specifically developed for cohesive sediments in China have been incorporated into the model. The model has been applied to investigate the suspended sediment concentration and seabed evolution in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) in China. Computed results show that the distribution of sediment concentration and seabed evolution is in agreement with field measurements. In addition, the effect of the size of time step on result is discussed. The computed result shows that larger time steps can be used in this model for saving computation time without losing much accuracy. | Yong CHEN1, Onyx W.H. WAI2, Y. S. Li3 and Qimiao LU4 (l 2,3 Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong 4,Department of Civil Engineering, Daltech, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Can | 1999 | International Journal of Sediment Research1999，14，2： | 4 |
| 11 | Inducible resistance to Fas-mediated apoptosis in B cells显示文摘Apoptosis produced in B cells through Fas (APO-1, CD95) triggering is regulated by signals derived from other surface receptors: CD40 engagement produces upregulation of Fas expres. sion and marked susceptibility to Fas-induced cell death, whereas antigen receptor engagement, or IL-4R engagement, inhibits Fas killing and in so doing induces a state of Fas-resistance, even in otherwise sensitive, CD40-stimulated targets. Surfaceim. munoglobulin and IL-4R utilize at least partially distinct pathways to produce Fas-resistance that differentially depend on PKC and STAT6, respectively. Further, surface immunoglob- 'lin signaling for inducible Fas-resistance bypasses Bib, requires NF-GB, and entails new macromolecular synthesis. Terminal effectors of B cell Fas-resistance include the known anti-apoptotic gene products, Bcl-xL and FLIP, and a novel anti-apoptotic gene that encodes FAIM (Fas Apoptosis Inhibitory Molecule). faim was identified by differential display and exists in two alternatively spliced forms; maim-S is broadly expressed, but faim-L expression is tissue-specific. The FAIM sequence is highly evolu tionarily conserved, suggesting an important role for this molecule throughout phylogeny. Inducible resistance to Fas killing is hypothesized to protect foreign antigen-specific B cells during potentially hazardous interactions with FasL-bearing T cells, whereas autoreactive B cells fail to become Fas-resistant and are deleted via Fas-dependent cytotoxicity. Inadvertent or aberrant acquisition of Fas-resistance may permit autoreactive B cells to escape Fas deletion, and malignant lymphocytes to impede anti-tumor immunity. | ROTHSTEIN THOMAS L Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, and the Evans Memorial Department of Clinical Research, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA | 2000 | Cell Research2000，10，4： | 4 |
| 12 | Preparation of Pt/K_2La_2Ti_3O_(10) and its photo-catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution from methanol water solution显示文摘A layered perovskite-type oxide K2La2Ti3O10 was prepared with high-temperature solid-state reaction, and characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and ultraviolet-visible diffuse re-flectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS). Platinum was loaded onto K2La2Ti3O10 as a co-catalyst with different methods. The dispersion of platinum on K2La2Ti3O10 was determined with HOT method. The photocatalytic activity of Pt/K2La2Ti3O10 was studied. This catalyst showed much higher activity in hydrogen evolution reaction than Ni/K2La2Ti3O10. The effects of different amounts of loaded platinum and several preparation methods were evaluated. The best achieved hydrogen evolution rate was 233.88 μmol·h?1 by Pt(2%)/K2La2Ti3O10. A possible band structure and mechanism were discussed based on the results. | CUI Wenquan1,3, LIU Li2, FENG Liangrong1, XU Chenghua1, LI Zijian1, Lü Shaojie1 & QIU Fali1 1. Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China 2. Chemistry Department, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643033, China 3. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China Correspondence should be addressed to Qiu Fali | 2006 | Science China Chemistry2006，49，2： | 3 |
| 13 | Microstructure and mechanical properties of B_4C-TiB_2-Al composites fabricated by vacuum infiltration显示文摘B4C-TiB2-Al composites were fabricated by infiltrating aluminum into porous B4C-TiB2 preforms in vacuum. The microstucture and mechanical properties of the B4C-TiB2-Al composites were investigated. The hardness decreased, the flexural strength increased, and the fracture toughness first increased and then decreased slightly with an increase in TiB2 content. The B4C-TiB2-Al composite with 40wt.% TiB2 showed the optimized properties. The infiltrated aluminum addition was the leading reason for the fracture toughness improvement of the composites. The tear ridges and dimples on the fracture surface of the composites increased gradually with the increase of infiltrated aluminum content showing inter/transgranular fracture mode. The relationships between the microstructures and the mechanical properties of the composites were discussed. | Lü Peng, YUE Xinyan, RU Hongqiang, and YU Liang Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China | 2010 | Rare Metals2010，29，1： | 2 |
| 14 | The spatial and temporal distribution of microalgae in the South China Sea:evidence from GIS-based analysis of 18S rDNA sequences显示文摘The purpose of this study was to estimate the spatial and temporal variation of microalgae in the South China Sea and to demonstrate the environmental factors controlling the diversity of microalgae by GIS (geographic information system)-based analysis of 18S rDNA sequences. Six 18S rDNA libraries were constructed from environmental samples collected at different sites in the study area, and more than 600 18S rDNA sequences were determined. The rDNA sequence data were then analyzed by DIVA-GIS software to display the spatial and temporal variation of phytoplankton’s composition. It was shown that the autotrophic eukaryotic plankton dominated over the heterotrophic cells in most of our clone libraries, and the dominating phytoplankton was Dinophyceae except for Bacillariophyta at the Xiamen harbor. The percentages of these two groups were controlled by water temperature and salinity. Our results also revealed that the species composition of Chlorophyta showed a close relationship with latitude, changing from Prasinophyceae at the high latitude to Trebouxiophyceae at the low latitude. Several newly classified picoplankton lineages were first uncovered in the South China Sea, including the pico-sized green alga Ostreococcus sp. and Picochlorum eukaryotum, and picobiliphytes, which was just discovered in 2007 with unknown affinities to other eukaryotes. Their spatial and temporal variation were also analyzed and discussed. | LI LüYan1, HUANG QiaoJuan1, WU ShuHui1, LIN Duan2, CHEN JiaHui2 & CHEN YueQin1 1 Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China 2 South China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Guangzhou 510300,China | 2008 | Science China(Life Sciences)2008，51，12： | 2 |
| 15 | Impact of Interleukin-28B Polymorphism on Response to Treatment in Chinese Hepatitis C Patients显示文摘The candidate polymorphism rs12979860 of interleukin 28B(IL28B) gene was genotyped by means of polymerase chain reaction(PCR) amplification and direct PCR sequencing, and then the role of this single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) in the response to the treatment of 172 Chinese patients with hepatitis C virus(HCV) chronic infection was analyzed. The results show that the frequencies of major homozygotes(CC) and heterozygotes(CT) of rs12979860 were 0.84 and 0.16, respectively, and the minor homozygotes(TT) wasn't found in this cohort. A highly significant association was found between the CC genotype and sustained virological response(SVR) in HCV geno type 1 infected patients(P<0.001) but not in HCV non-genotype 1 infected patients. In addition, a strong association was found between rs12979860 CC genotype and rapid virological response(RVR) in both HCV genotype 1 infected patients(P<0.001) and non-genotype 1 infected patients(P<0.001). Taken together, these results indicate that IL28B polymorphism plays a key role in response to hepatitis C therapy in Chinese patients. Combine assessment of clinical predictors and the IL28B polymorphism may be beneficial to the individualized treatment decision in Asian chronic hepatitis C(CHC) patients. | Lü Jian-nan1, WANG Song2, XU Yan1, ZHANG Man-hua1, SIQING Tunala1, JI Shang-wei1, JIAO Jian1, WANG Xu1 and WANG Jiang-bin1 1. China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, P. R. China 2. The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China | 2012 | Chemical Research in Chinese Universities2012，28，1： | 2 |
| 16 | The learning curve for laparoscopic cholecystectomy显示文摘 | The Southern Surgeons Club Michael J Moore Charles L Bennett | 1995 | The American Journal of Surgery1995，，1： | 2 |
| 17 | Dietary guidelines for the Spanish population 显示文摘 | Aranceta J Serra-Majem L Working Party for the Development of Food-Based Dietary Guidelines for the Spanish Population | 2001 | Public Health Nutr2001，4，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Physician- Industry Relations: Part 2 : Organizational issues显示文摘 | Coyle S L for the Ethics and Human Rights Committee American College of Physicians- American Society of Internal Medicine | 2002 | Ann Intern Meal2002，，136： | 1 |
| 19 | 显示文摘 | Samain D Descoins C A short stereo - selective synthesis of E E - 8 10 -dode cadien - 1 - ol the sex pheromone of the codling moth Laspeyresia pomoneUa L | 1978 | Synthesis1978，，5： | 1 |
| 20 | The Canadian Critical Trials Group显示文摘 | Heyland DK Cook DJ Griffith L et aL The attributable morbidity and mortality of ventilator-associated pneumonia in the critically ill patient | 1999 | American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine1999，159，41： | 1 |
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