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| 1 | Aquaporin-8 expression is reduced in ileum and induced in colon of patients with ulcerative colitis显示文摘AIM: To study susceptibility genes which may play a potential role in the pathogenesis and etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS: To identify potential susceptibility genes we performed global gene expression profiling in patients with IBD and control specimens. For determination of an intrinsic gene expression profile in ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) compared to normal subjects, mucosal biopsies of non-inflamed regions of the colon and the terminal ileum were subjected to DNA microarray analysis. Real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used for verification of selected regulated candidate genes and a genetic analysis was performed. RESULTS: We could show that aquaporin-8 (AQP8) mRNA and protein levels were significantly increased in the colon of UC patients compared to controls. Genetic analysis of the six exons and the promoter region of AQP8, however, revealed no mutations or polymorphisms in IBD patients. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that upregulation of AQP8 in the colon of UC patients represents a secondary phenomenon which may, due to altered water exchange of the distal intestinal mucosa, disturb the physiologic colonic mucus barrier and thus lead to chronic infla- mmation and ulceration. | Alexandra Zahn Christoph Moehle Thomas Langmann Robert Ehehalt Frank Autschbach Wolfgang Stremmel Gerd Schmitz | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，11： | 13 |
| 2 | Ephrin-B2 is differentially expressed in the intestinal epithelium in Crohn's disease and contributes to accelerated epithelial wound healing in vitro显示文摘AIM: Eph receptor tyrosine kinases and their membrane bound receptor-like ligands, the ephrins, represent a bi-directional cell-cell contact signaling system that directs epithelial movements in development. The meaning of this system in the adult human gut is unknown. We investigated the Eph/ephrin mRNA expression in the intestinal epithelium of healthy controls and patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).METHODS: mRNA expression profiles of all Eph/ephrin family members in normal small intestine and colon were established by real-time RT-PCR. In addition, differential expression in IBD was investigated by cDNA array technology, and validated by both real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Potential effects of enhanced EphB/ephrin-B signaling were analyzed in an in vitro IEC-6 cell scratch wound model.RESULTS: Human adult intestinal mucosa exhibits a complex pattern of Eph receptors and ephrins. Beside the known prominent co-expression of EphA2 and ephrinA1,we found abundantly co-expressed EphB2 and ephrin-B1/2.Interestingly, cDNA array data, validated by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry, showed upregulation of ephrin-B2 in both perilesional and lesional intestinal epithelial cells of IBD patients, suggesting a role in epithelial homeostasis. Stimulation of ephrin-B signaling in ephrinB1/2 expressing rat IEC-6-cells with recombinant EphB1Fc resulted in a significant dose-dependent acceleration of wound closure. Furthermore, fluorescence microscopy showed that EphB1-Fc induced coordinated migration of wound edge cells is associated with enhanced formation of lamellipodial protrusions into the wound, increased actin stress fiber assembly and production of laminin at the wound edge.CONCLUSION: EphB/ephrin-B signaling might represent a novel protective mechanism that promotes intestinal epithelial wound healing, with potential impact on epithelial restitution in IBD. | Christian Hafner Stefanie Meyer Thomas Langmann Gerd Schmitz Frauke Bataille Ilja Hagen Bernd Becker Alexander Roesch Gerhard Rogler Michael Landthaler Thomas Vogt | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，26： | 9 |
| 3 | Functional neuroanatomy in panic disorder:Status quo of the research显示文摘AIM To provide an overview of the current research in the functional neuroanatomy of panic disorder.METHODS Panic disorder(PD) is a frequent psychiatric disease. Gorman et al(1989; 2000) proposed a comprehensive neuroanatomical model of PD, which suggested that fear-and anxiety-related responses are mediated by a so-called 'fear network' which is centered in the amygdala and includes the hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, periaqueductal gray region, locus coeruleus and other brainstem sites. We performed a systematic search by the electronic database PubMed. Thereby, the main focus was laid on recent neurofunctional, neurostructural, and neurochemical studies(from the period between January 2012 and April 2016). Within this frame, special attention was given to the emerging field of imaging genetics. RESULTS We noted that many neuroimaging studies have reinforced the role of the 'fear network' regions in the pathophysiology of panic disorder. However, recent functional studies suggest abnormal activation mainly in an extended fear network comprising brainstem, anterior and midcingulate cortex(ACC and MCC), insula, and lateral as well as medial parts of the prefrontal cortex. Interestingly, differences in the amygdala activation were not as consistently reported as one would predict from the hypothesis of Gorman et al(2000). Indeed, amygdala hyperactivation seems to strongly depend on stimuli and experimental paradigms, sample heterogeneity and size, as well as on limitations of neuroimaging techniques. Advanced neurochemical studies have substantiated the major role of serotonergic, noradrenergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission in the pathophysiology of PD. However, alterations of GABAergic function in PD are still a matter of debate and also their specificity remains questionable. A promising new research approach is 'imaging genetics'. Imaging genetic studies are designed to evaluate the impact of genetic variations(polymorphisms) on cerebral function in regions critical for PD. Most recently, imaging genetic studies have not only confirmed the importance of serotonergic and noradrenergic transmission in the etiology of PD but also indicated the significance of neuropeptide S receptor, CRH receptor, human TransM EMbrane protein(TMEM123D), and amiloride-sensitive cation channel 2(ACCN2) genes. CONCLUSION In light of these findings it is conceivable that in the near future this research will lead to the development of clinically useful tools like predictive biomarkers or novel treatment options. | Thomas Sobanski Gerd Wagner | 2017 | World Journal of Psychiatry2017，7，1： | 5 |
| 4 | Serum bile acid profiling reflects enterohepatic detoxification state and intestinal barrier function in inlammatory bowel disease显示文摘AIM:To determine free and conjugated serum bile acid (BA) levels in in? ammatory bowel disease (IBD) subgroups with defi ned clinical manifestations.METHODS: Comprehensive serum BA profiling was performed in 358 IBD patients and 310 healthy controls by liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.RESULTS: Serum levels of hyodeoxycholic acid, the CYP3A4-mediated detoxification product of the secondary BA lithocholic acid (LCA), was increased significantly in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), while most other serum BA species were decreased significantly. Total BA, total BA conjugate, and total BA glycoconjugate levels were decreased only in CD, whereas total unconjugated BA levels were decreased only in UC. In UC patients with hepatobiliary manifestations, the conjugated primary BAs glycocholic acid, taurocholic acid, and glycochenodeoxycholic acid were as significantly increased as the secondary BAs LCA, ursodeoxycholic acid, and tauroursodeoxycholic acid compared to UC patients without hepatobiliary manifestations. Finally, we found that in ileocecal resected CD patients, the unconjugated primary BAs, cholic acid and chenode-oxycholic acid, were increased significantly compared to controls and patients without surgical interventions.CONCLUSION: Serum BA profiling in IBD patients that indicates impaired intestinal barrier function and increased detoxification is suitable for advanced diagnostic characterization and differentiation of IBD subgroups with defined clinical manifestations. | Carsten Gnewuch Gerhard Liebisch Thomas Langmann Benjamin Dieplinger Thomas Mueller Meinhard Haltmayer Hans Dieplinger Alexandra Zahn Wolfgang Stremmel Gerhard Rogler Gerd Schmitz | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，25： | 4 |
| 5 | Lithocholic acid induction of the FGF19 promoter in intestinal cells is mediated by PXR显示文摘AIM: To study the effect of the toxic secondary bile acid lithocholic acid (LCA) on the expression of fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) in intestinal cells and to characterize the pregnane-X-receptor (PXR) response of the FGF19 promoter region. METHODS: The intestinal cell line LS174T was stimulated with various concentrations of chenodeoxy-cholic acid and lithocholic acid for several time points. FGF19 mRNA levels were determined with quantitative realtime RT-PCR. FGF19 deletion promoter constructs were generated and the LCA response was analzyed in reporter assays. Co-transfections with PXR and RXR were carried out to study FGF19 regulation by these factors. RESULTS: LCA and CDCA strongly up-regulate FGF19 mRNA expression in LS174T cells in a time and dose dependent manner. Using reporter gene assays with several deletion constructs we found that the LCA responsive element in the human FGF19 promoter maps to the proximal regulatory region containing two poten-tial binding sites for PXR. Overexpression of PXR and its dimerization partner retinoid X receptor (RXR) and stimulation with LCA or the potent PXR ligand rifampicin leads to a signifi cant induction of FGF19 promoter activ-ity in intestinal cells. CONCLUSION: LCA induced feedback inhibition of bile acid synthesis in the liver is likely to be regulated by PXR inducing intestinal FGF19 expression. | Wolfgang Wistuba Carsten Gnewuch Gerhard Liebisch Gerd Schmitz Thomas Langmann | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，31： | 4 |
| 6 | Genetics of the quantitative Lp(a) lipoprotein trait显示文摘 | Gerd Utermann Hans Georg Kraft Hans Jürgen Menzel Thomas Hopferwieser Christoph Seitz | 1988 | Human Genetics1988，，1： | 2 |
| 7 | Rheumatoid factor revisited显示文摘 | Thomas D?rner Karl Egerer Eugen Feist Gerd R Burmester | 2004 | Current Opinion in Rheumatology2004，，3： | 2 |
| 8 | Theory and application of passive SAW radio transponders as sensors 显示文摘 | Gerd scholl Thomas Ostertag Holger Scherr Ulrich Wolff Frank Schmidt | 1998 | IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control1998，45，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Establishment of cell polarity during early plant development显示文摘 | Gerd Jurgens Markus Grebe Thomas Steinmann | 1997 | Current Opinion in Cell Biology1997，9，： | 1 |
| 10 | Genetics of the quantitative Lp(a) lipoprotein trait显示文摘 | Gerd Utermann Hans Georg Kraft Hans Jürgen Menzel Thomas Hopferwieser Christoph Seitz | 1988 | Human Genetics1988，，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Short‐term versus long‐term induction therapy with antithymocyte globulin in orthotopic liver transplantation显示文摘 | Thomas Soliman Hubert Hetz Christoph Burghuber Georg Gy?ri Gerd Silberhumer Rudolf Steininger Ferdinand Mühlbacher Gabriela A. Berlakovich | 2007 | Transplant International2007，，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Wnt signaling in polycystic kidney disease显示文摘 | Thomas B Matias S Gerd W | 2007 | J Am Soc Nephrol2007，18，： | 1 |
| 13 | Three-dimensional sensing of rough surfaces by coherence radar显示文摘 | Gerd Ha¨usler, Holger Venzke | 1992 | Appl ied Optics,1992，，31： | 1 |
| 14 | Translocation breakpoints in three patients with campomelic dysplasia and autosomal sex reversal map more than 130 kb from SOX9显示文摘 | Jutta Wirth Thomas Wagner Jobst Meyer Rudolf A. Pfeiffer Hans-Ulrich Tietze Werner Schempp Gerd Scherer | 1996 | Human Genetics1996，，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Synthesis, Properties and Dimerization Study of Isocyanic Acid 显示文摘 | Gerd F Janna G Thomas M K | 2002 | Z Naturforsch2002，57，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Sideimpact restraint activation system combining acceleration and dynamic- pressure sensing显示文摘 | Gerd Winkler Thomas Stierle Thomas Malbouef | 2003 | SAE Paper2003，，： | 1 |
| 17 | The Stem Cell Population of Arabidopsis Shoot Meristems Is Maintained by a Regulatory Loop between the CLAVATA and WUSCHEL Genes显示文摘 | Heiko Schoof Michael Lenhard Achim Haecker Klaus F.X Mayer Gerd Jürgens Thomas Laux | 2000 | Cell2000，，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Evaluation of in situ fracture versus phaco chop techniques显示文摘 | Jagat Ram Thomas A. Wesendahl Gerd U. Auffarth David J. Apple | 1998 | Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery1998，，11： | 1 |
| 19 | Rheumatoid factor revisited显示文摘 | Thomas D?rner Karl Egerer Eugen Feist Gerd R Burmester | 2004 | Current Opinion in Rheumatology2004，，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Determination of the Complex Residual Error Parameters of a Calibrated One- Port Vector Network Analyzer 显示文摘 | Gerd Wtibbeler Clemens Elster Thomas Reichel | 2009 | IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT2009，58，9： | 1 |
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