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| 1 | AGNP精神科治疗药物监测共识指南:2011显示文摘治疗药物监测(Therapeutic drug monitoring,TDM),如通过定量测定血清或血浆药物浓度指导用药剂量优化,已经成为对患者进行精神药物治疗的很有价值的工具。在患者用药依从性难以判断、药物耐受性不佳、治疗剂量下无效以及可能存在药代动力学药物-药物相互作用等情况下,测定药物浓度是很有用的。在精神科,有可能明显获益于TDM的主要患者群体包括儿童、孕妇、老年患者、智力障碍患者、涉及司法的患者、已知或怀疑携带药代动力学相关基因变异的患者,以及合并躯体疾病影响药代动力学的患者。然而,只有将TDM充分整合到临床治疗过程中去,才能发挥其优化药物治疗的潜在优势。为了促进TDM的合理应用,神经精神药理学与药物精神病学协会(Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Neuropsychopharmakologie und Pharmakopsychiatrie,AGNP)的TDM专家组在2004年发表了精神药物治疗药物监测指南。之后,随着知识不断更新,又有许多可能需要进行TDM的新药上市。因此,本次更新将神经精神药物的种类扩展到了128种,并将其TDM必要性划分为从'强烈推荐'到'可能有用'的四个等级。经过大量细致且全面的文献检索与分门别类的汇总整理,将基于循证医学理念的'治疗参考浓度范围'和'剂量相关参考浓度范围'呈现给大家。本共识指南引入了'实验室警戒浓度'的新概念,即实验室需要马上告知治疗医生的药物浓度上限。本共识指南还给出了诸如药物作为细胞色素P450酶的底物和抑制剂的性质,代谢物与母药浓度比值的常见范围,以及与结果解释相关的内容,还提供了何时将TDM与遗传药理学检测相结合的建议。遵循本指南,有助于改善许多患者精神药物治疗的效果,特别是那些存在药代动力学异常的患者。TDM是一门交叉学科,有时针对看起来不一致的数据,需要多学科坦诚地讨论,只有这样,患者才能从这种合作中获益。 | Hiemke C Baumann P Bergemann N Conca A Dietmaier O Egberts K Fric M Gerlach M Greiner C Gründer G Haen E Havemann-Reinecke U Jaquenoud Sirot E Kirchherr H Laux G Lutz UC Messer T Müller MJ Pfuhlmann B Rambeck B Riederer P Schoppek B Stingl J Uhr M Ulrich S Waschgler R Zernig G 李文标(译) 果伟(译) 阮灿军(译) 贺静(译) 汤宜朗(审校) 王传跃(审校) | 2016 | 实用药物与临床2016，19，10： | 37 |
| 2 | Management of early gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms显示文摘Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) of the stomach, duo- denum, appendix or rectum that are small (≤ 1 cm) and well differentiated can be considered 'early' tumors, since they generally have a (very) good prognosis. In the new WHO classification of 2010, these neoplasms are called neuroendocrine tumors/ carcinoids (NETs), grade (G) 1 or 2, and distinguished from poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs), G3. NETs are increasing, with a rise in the age-adjusted incidence in the U.S.A. by about 700 % in the last 35 years. Improved early detection seems to be the main reason for these epidemiological changes. Both the better generalavailability of endoscopy, and imaging techniques, have led to a shift in the discovery of smaller-sized (≤ 10-20 mm) intestinal NETs/carcinoids and earlier tumor stages at diagnosis. Endoscopic screening is therefore effective in the early diagnosis, not only of colorectal adenocarcinomas, but also of NETs/carcinoids. Endoscopic removal, followed up with endoscopic surveillance is the treatment of choice in NETs/carcinoids of the stomach, duodenum and rectum that are ≤ 10 mm in size, have a low proliferative activity (G1), do not infiltrate the muscular layer and show no angioinvasion. In all the other intestinal NENs, optimal treatment generally needs surgery and/or medical therapy depending on type, biology and stage of the tumor, as well as the individual situation of the patient. | Hans Scherübl Robert T Jensen Guillaume Cadiot Ulrich Stlzel Günter Klppel | 2011 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2011，3，7： | 13 |
| 3 | Neuroendocrine tumors of the small bowels are on the rise:Early aspects and management显示文摘Neuroendocrine tumors of the small bowel are on the rise. In the US they have increased by 300%-500% in the last 35 years. At the same time their prognosis is much improved. Today,most neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of the duodenum are detected 'incidentally' and therefore recognized at an early stage. Duodenal NETs which are well differentiated,not larger than 10 mm and limited to the mucosa/submucosa can be endoscopically resected. The management of duodenal NETs ranging between 10 and 20 mm needs an interdisciplinary discussion. Endoscopic ultrasound is the method of choice to determine tumor size and depth of infiltration. Surgery is recommended for well-differentiated duodenal NET tumors greater than 20 mm,for localized sporadic gastrinomas (of any size) and for localized poorly differentiated NE cancers. Surgery is recommended for any ileal NET. Advanced ileal NETs with a carcinoid syndrome are treated with longacting somatostatin analogs. This treatment significantly improves (progression-free) survival in patients with metastatic NETs of the ileum. For optimal NET management,tumor biology,type,localization and stage of the neoplasm,as well as the patient's individual circumstances have to be taken into account. | Hans Scherbl Robert T Jensen Guillaume Cadiot Ulrich Stlzel Gnter Klppel | 2010 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2010，2，10： | 10 |
| 4 | 妊娠期吸烟对胎儿和新生儿影响的新认识显示文摘在大多数工业发达的国家,吸烟被列为目前主要的但可以避免的致死原因。据'疾病监测中心'调查结果显示,1990年~1994年美国总计有超过200万的人死于吸烟,其中1/3是妇女,相当于同一时期死亡人数的20%。 | Gerd-Michael Lackmann Ulrich Salzberger Stephen S.Hecht Uwe Tllner 张永平 | 2000 | 德国医学2000，17，3： | 2 |
| 5 | Synthesis of schematic descriptions in mechanical design显示文摘 | ULRICH K T SEERING W P | 1989 | Research in Engineering Design1989，1，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Synthesis of schematic descriptions in mechanical design显示文摘 | Ulrich K T Seering W P | 1989 | Research in Engineering Design1989，，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Finite Element Modeling of the Effect of Non-metallic inclusions in Metal Forming Processes显示文摘 | Ulrich T Riedel Wolfgang Bleck John E Morgan | 1999 | Computational Materials Science1999，，16： | 1 |
| 8 | Measurement of dynamic electrical and mechanical properties of resistance spot welding显示文摘 | GEDEON S A SORENSEN C D ULRICH K T | 1987 | Welding Journal1987，66，12： | 1 |
| 9 | Function Sharing in Mechanical Design显示文摘 | Ulrich K T Seering W P | 1990 | Design Studies1990，11，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Rendering massive terrains using chunked level of detail control显示文摘 | Ulrich T | 2002 | SIGGRAPH Course Notes2002，3，5： | 1 |
| 11 | Phase Separation in Magnetron Sputtered Superhard BCN Thin Films显示文摘 | Ulrich S Ehrhardt H Theel T | 1998 | Diamond and Related Materials1998，7，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Botox, dilation, or myotomy? Clinical outcome of interventional and surgical therapies for achalasia显示文摘 | Christian Alexander Gutschow Ulrich T?x Jessica Leers Hartmut Sch?fer Klaus Ludwig Prenzel Arnulf H. H?lscher | 2010 | Langenbeck’s Archives of Surgery2010，，8： | 1 |
| 13 | Protein binding chiral discrimination of HPLC stationary phases made with whole, fragmented, and third domain turkey ovomucoid显示文摘 | PINKERTON T G HOWE W J ULRICH E L | 1995 | Anal Chem1995，67，14： | 1 |
| 14 | Structure and process quality illustrated by fibreoptic intubation: analysis of 1 612 cases 显示文摘 | Heidegger T Gerig HJ Ulrich B | 2003 | Anaesthesia2003，58，： | 1 |
| 15 | Stable plastid transformation in PEG-treated protoplast of Nicotiana tabacum显示文摘 | GOLDS T MALIGA P HANS- Ulrich koop | 1993 | Bio/technology1993，11，： | 1 |
| 16 | Impact of a self-expanding, plastic esophageal stent on various esophageal stenoses, fistulas, and leakages: a single-center experience in 39 patients显示文摘 | Klaus R Guido G Ulrich T | 2005 | Gastrointest Endosc2005，61，7： | 1 |
| 17 | Observation of Anomalous Elastic Behavior in Rock at Low Temperatures 显示文摘 | Ulrich T J Darling T W | 2001 | Geophysical Research Letters2001，28，11： | 1 |
| 18 | Successful treatment ofnephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy in a kidney transplant recipient with photodynamic therapy显示文摘 | Schmook T Budde K Ulrich C | 2005 | Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation2005，20，1： | 1 |
| 19 | ^31P-{^1H} echo-planar spectroscopic imaging of the human brain in vivo 显示文摘 | Ulrich M Wokrina T Ende G | 2007 | Magn Reson Med2007，57，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Dextro-amphetamine increases phosphoinositol cycle activity in volunteers: an MRS study显示文摘 | Silverstone PH Donnell T Ulrich M | 2002 | Hum Psychopharmacol2002，17，7： | 1 |
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