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| 1 | Control of exterior ballistic properties of spin-stabilized bullet by optimizing internal mass distribution显示文摘This paper introduces a novel approach for controlling the exterior ballistic properties of spin-stabilized bullets by optimizing their internal mass distributions. Specifically, the properties of interest are the bullets’ stability characteristics that are examined through dynamic and gyroscopic stability parameters.New analytical expressions for aerodynamic quantities are also derived to address the compressibility of air. These expressions are utilized in a bullet model that enables efficient computation of the stability parameters for a given mass distribution. The bullet model is used in the formulation of nonlinear optimization problems that provide optimal mass distributions with respect to given goals, i.e., desired stability characteristics. The bullet types investigated in this paper are a long range bullet and a limited range training bullet. In the optimization of the mass distribution of the long range bullet, the goal is that the bullet stays stable for as long as possible. The mass distribution of the training bullet is optimized such that the bullet is stable at launch but becomes unstable shortly afterwards. The global optimal solutions obtained with the new approach fulfill the desired stability characteristics better than currently used uniformly filled bullets. Overall, the optimization approach reveals a new goal focused philosophy for bullet design compared to current trial and error design practices. | Janne Lahti Timo Sailaranta Mikko Harju Kai Virtanen | 2019 | Defence Technology(防务技术)2019，15，1： | 3 |
| 2 | 不同膳食蛋白摄入量与男性心力衰竭风险的关系:Kuopio缺血性心脏病风险因子研究显示文摘已证实动物和植物蛋白摄入量与心血管病死亡风险有相反的相关性,但膳食蛋白是否与心力衰竭风险相关尚不清楚。为此,Virtanen等研究了不同食物来源的蛋白与心力衰竭风险的关系。研究包括了1984-1989年在Kuopio缺血性心脏病风险因子研究中基线年龄42-60岁的男性2441人,根据4d的膳食记录评估基线时的蛋白质摄入量,自国家登记处获取心力衰竭病例的数据。 | 刘莉 叶鹏 Virtanen HEK Voutilainen S Koskinen TT Mursu J Tuomainen TP Virtanen JK | 2018 | 中华高血压杂志2018，26，7： | 2 |
| 3 | Biomedical coatings on magnesium alloys – A review显示文摘 | H. Hornberger S. Virtanen A.R. Boccaccini | 2012 | Acta Biomaterialia2012，，7： | 2 |
| 4 | Rosiglitazone but not metformin enhances insulin-and exercise-stimulated skeletal muscle glucose uptake in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes显示文摘 | Hallsten K Virtanen KA Lonnqvist F | 2002 | Diabetes2002，51，： | 1 |
| 5 | Cryptorchidism: Classification, prevalence and long-term consequences 显示文摘 | Virtanen H E Bjerknes R Cortes D | 2007 | Acta Paediatrica2007，96，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Association of serum 25 - hydroxyvitamin D with type 2 diabetes and markers of insulin resistance in a general older population in Finland 显示文摘 | Hurskainen AR Virtanen JK Tuomainen TP | 2012 | Diabetes Metab Res Rev2012，10，8： | 1 |
| 7 | Arterial pulse wave velocity in relation to carotid intima-media thickness, brachialflow-mediated dilation and carotid artery distensibility: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study and the Health 2000 Survey显示文摘 | Teemu Koivistoinen Marko Virtanen Nina Hutri-Khtnen | 2012 | Atherosclerosis2012，220，： | 1 |
| 8 | Effect of WC grain size on the corrosion behavior of WC-Co based hardmetals in alkaline solutions显示文摘 | KELLNER F J J HILDEBRAND H VIRTANEN S | 2009 | International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials2009，27，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Intermediate filament cytoskeleton of amnion eplthehum and cultured amnion epithelial cells expression of epidermal cytokeratins in ceils of a simple epithelium 显示文摘 | REGAUER S FRANKE W W VIRTANEN I | 1985 | J Cell Biol1985，100，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Occupational and genetic risk factors associated with intervertebral disc disease 显示文摘 | Virtanen IM Karppinen J Taimela S | 2007 | Spine2007，32，10： | 1 |
| 11 | Expression of laminins 1 and 10 in carcinoma cells and comparison of their roles in cell adhesion显示文摘 | Tani T Lehto V P Virtanen I | 1999 | Exp Cell Res1999，10，： | 1 |
| 12 | Intake of flavonols and flavones and risk of coronary heart disease in male smokers显示文摘 | Hirvonen T Pietmen P Virtanen M | 2001 | Epidemiology2001，12，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Near-optimal Missile Avoidance Trajectories Via Receding Horizon Control 显示文摘 | Karelahti J Virtanen K Raivio T | 2007 | Journal of Guidance Control and Dynamics2007，30，5： | 1 |
| 14 | Stressful life events and the onset of asthma显示文摘 | Lietzen R Virtanen P Kivimaki M Sillanmaki L Vahtera J Koskenvuo M | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 15 | Phenotypic and population differences in the association between CILP and lumbar disc disease显示文摘 | Virtanen IM Song YQ Cheung KM | 2007 | J Med Genet2007，44，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Acute toxicity of chemicals to Daphnia magna in humic waters显示文摘 | OIKARI A KUKKONEN J VIRTANEN V | 1992 | Science Total Environment1992，，： | 1 |
| 17 | Effects of grazing on above-ground biomass on a mountain snownbed, NW Finland显示文摘 | Virtanen R | 1999 | Oikos1999，90，： | 1 |
| 18 | Effects of food containing betaine/amino acid additive on the osmotic adaptation of young Atlantic salmon显示文摘 | Virtanen E Junnila M Soivio A | 1989 | Salmo salar L Aquaculture1989，83，： | 1 |
| 19 | The junctional epithelium around murine teeth differs from gingival epithelium in its basement membrane composition 显示文摘 | Oksonen J Sorokin LM Virtanen | 2001 | J Dent Res2001，80，12： | 1 |
| 20 | Stress relaxation behavior in bending of high strength copper alloys in the Cu-Ni-Sn system显示文摘 | VIRTANEN P TIAINEN T | 1997 | Mater Sci Eng A1997，238，： | 1 |
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