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| 1 | Effects of Extreme Air Temperature and Humidity on the Insecticidal Expression Level of Bt Cotton显示文摘The higher survival rates of Helicoverpa amigera larvae were usually observed after adverse climate which was related to extreme temperature(T) and relative humidity(RH) stresses in transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt) cotton.The unstable resistance of Bt cotton to bollworms has been correlated with the reduced expression of CryIAc δ-endotoxin.The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of combined temperature and relative humidity stresses on the leaf CryIAc insecticidal protein expression during critical developmental stages.The study was undertaken on two transgenic cotton cultivars that share same parental background,Sikang 1(a conventional cultivar) and Sikang 3(a hybrid cultivar),during the 2007 and 2008 growing seasons at the Yangzhou University Farm,Yangzhou,China.The study was arranged with two factors that consisted of temperature(two levels) and relative humidity(three levels).The six T/RH treatments were 37°C/95%,37°C/70%,37°C/50%,18°C/95%,18°C/70%,and 18°C/50%.In 2007,the six treatments were imposed to the plants at peak flowering stage for 24 h;in 2008,the six treatments were applied to the plants at peak square,peak flowering,and peak boll stages for 48 h.The results of the study indicated that the leaf insecticidal protein expression in CryIAc was significantly affected by extreme temperature only at peak flowering stage,and by both extreme temperature and relative humidity during boll filling stage.The greatest reductions were observed when the stresses were applied at peak boll stage.In 2008,after 48 h stress treatment,the leaf Bt endotoxin expression reduced by 25.9-36.7 and 23.6-40.5% at peak boll stage,but only by 14.9-26.5 and 12.8-24.0% at peak flowering stage for Sikang 1 and Sikang 3,respectively.The greatest reduction was found under the low temperature combined with low relative humidity condition for both years.It is believed that the temperature and relative humidity stresses may be attributed to the reduced efficacy of Bt cotton in growing conditions in China,where extreme temperatures often increase up to 35-40°C and/or decrease down to 15-20°C,and relative humidity may reach to 85-95% and/or reduce to 40-55% during the cotton growing season. | CHENYuan WEN Yu-jin CHEN Yuan John Tom Cothren ZHANG Xiang WANG Yong-hui WilliamA Payne CHEN De-hua | 2012 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2012，11，11： | 10 |
| 2 | Theory of Mechanical properties of ceramic-matrix composites显示文摘 | WILLIAMA C | 1991 | J Am Ceramic Soc1991，74，11： | 1 |
| 3 | Conversion of char nitrogen to NO during combustion显示文摘 | Jones J Pourkashanian M Williamas A | 2004 | Journal of the Energy Institute2004，77，513： | 1 |
| 4 | Cerominoma-a defunct diagnosis显示文摘 | Mills RG Dulugas-Jones T Williamas RG | 1995 | Laryngol Otol1995，109，： | 1 |
| 5 | Influence of nitrogen, phos- and magnesum on the phenolic constituents of flue cured tobacco显示文摘 | Williama C EIIiot phorus potassium J M | 1978 | Can J Plant Sci1978，58，： | 1 |
| 6 | Using soil erosion models for global change studies 显示文摘 | Williama J R Nearing M Nick A | 1996 | J Soil Water Cons1996，，： | 1 |
| 7 | Nearfield acoustic holography I: Theory of generalized holography and development of NAH显示文摘 | Maynad J D Williamas E G Lee Y | 1985 | J Acoust Soc Am1985，78，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Positive states of mind and athletic injury risk显示文摘 | Williamas JM Hogan TD & Andersen MB | 1993 | Psychosom Med1993，55，： | 1 |
| 9 | Analysis of a micro-electric generator for Microsystems显示文摘 | Williama C B Yates R B | 1996 | Sensors and Actuators A1996，52，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Neurologic injury after cardiopulmonary bypass Surgery显示文摘 | Baumgartner WilliamA | 2004 | Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology2004，16，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Concurrent chemothera- py and pelvic radiation therapy compared with pelvic radia- tion therapy alone as adjuvant therapy after radical surgery in high-risk early-stage cancer of the cervix 显示文摘 | Williama Peters III Liu PY | 2000 | J Clin 0n- col2000，18，8： | 1 |
| 12 | Is a Griffiths phase a prerequisite for colossal magnetoresistance? 显示文摘 | Jiang W Zhou X Williamas G | 2007 | Phys Rev Lett2007，99，17： | 1 |
| 13 | The angiogenic and lymphangiogenic factor VEGF-D exhibits a paracrine mode of action in cancer显示文摘 | Achen MC Williama RA Baldwin ME | 2002 | Growth factor2002，20，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Plan and market in the chinese economy : a simple general equilibrium model 显示文摘 | WILLIAMA | 1989 | Jounal of Comparative Economics1989，13，： | 1 |
| 15 | Testing a small detailed chemical-kinetic mechanism for the combustion of hydrogen and carbon monoxide显示文摘 | PRIYANK S WILLIAMAS F A | 2006 | Combustion and Flame2006，145，1： | 1 |
| 16 | The many faces of CREB显示文摘 | WilliamA Duman RS Nestler EJ | 2005 | Trends Nourosci2005，28，： | 1 |
| 17 | Influence of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium on the phenolic constituents of flue - cured tobacco显示文摘 | Williama C Elliot J M | 1978 | Can J Plant Sci1978，58，5： | 1 |
| 18 | In-vitro measurement of apieally extruded irrigant in primary molars 显示文摘 | Williamas CE Reid JS Sharkey SW | 1995 | Int Endod J1995，28，4： | 1 |
| 19 | A novel serum protein similar to C1 q,produced exclusively in adipocytes显示文摘 | Scherer P E Williamas S Lodish H F | 1995 | J Bio Chem1995，270，26： | 1 |
| 20 | Advaces in flavonida reasarch since 1992显示文摘 | Harbome J B Williama C A | 2000 | Phytochemistry2000，55，6： | 1 |
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