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| 1 | Formulation development and characterization of cellulose acetate nitrate based propellants for improved insensitive munitions properties显示文摘Cellulose acetate nitrate(CAN) was used as an insensitive energetic binder to improve the insensitive munitions(IM) properties of gun propellants to replace the M1 propellant used in 105 mm artillery charges.CAN contains the energetic nitro groups found in nitrocellulose(NC),but also acetyl functionalities,which lowered the polymer's sensitivity to heat and shock,and therefore improved its IM properties relative to NC.The formulation,development and small-scale characterization testing of several CAN-based propellants were done.The formulations,using insensitive energetic solid fillers and high-nitrogen modifiers in place of nitramine were completed.The small scale characterization testing,such as closed bomb testing,small scale sensitivity,thermal stability,and chemical compatibility were done.The mechanical response of the propellants under high-rate uni-axial compression at,hot,cold,and ambient temperatures were also completed.Critical diameter testing,hot fragment conductive ignition(HFCI) tests were done to evaluate the propellants' responses to thermal and shock stimuli.Utilizing the propellant chemical composition,theoretical predictions of erosivity were completed.All the small scale test results were utilized to down-select the promising CAN based formulations for large scale demonstration testing such as the ballistic performance and fragment impact testing in the105 mm M67 artillery charge configurations.The test results completed in the small and large scale testing are discussed. | Thelma MANNING Jeffrey WYCKOFF Carlton ADAM Eugene ROZUMOV Kenneth KLINGAMAN Viral PANCHAL Joseph LAQUIDARA Mike FAIR John BOLOGNINI Keith LUHMANN Steve VELARDE Christine KNOTT Stephanie M.PIRAINO Kevin BOYD | 2014 | Defence Technology(防务技术)2014，10，2： | 2 |
| 2 | Enhanced propellant performance via environmentally friendly curable surface coating显示文摘Surface coating of granular propellants is widely used in a multiplicity of propellants for small, medium and large caliber ammunition. All small caliber ball propellants exhibit burning progressivity due to application of effective deterrent coatings. Large perforated propellant grains have also begun utilizing plasticizing and impregnated deterrent coatings with the purpose of increasing charge weights for greater energy and velocity for the projectile. The deterrent coating and impregnation process utilizes volatile organic compounds(VOCs) and hazardous air pollutants(HAPs) which results in propellants that need to be forced air dried which impacts air quality. Propellants undergo temperature fluctuations during their life. Diffusion coefficients vary exponentially with variations in temperature. A small temperature increase can induce a faster migration, even over a short period of time, which can lead to large deviations in the concentration. This large concentration change in the ammunition becomes a safety or performance liability. The presence of both polymeric deterrents and nitroglycerin(NG) in the nitrocellulose matrix and organic solvents leads to higher diffusion rates. This results in continued emissions of VOCs and HAPs. Conventional polymers tend to partition within the propellant matrix. In other words,localized mixing can occur between the polymer and underlying propellant. This is due to solvent induced softening of the polymer vehicle over the propellant grain. In effect this creates a path where migration can occur. Since nitrate esters, like NG, are relatively small, it can exude to the surface and create a highly unstable and dangerous situation for the warfighter. Curable polymers do not suffer from this partitioning due to 'melting' because no VOC solvents are present. They remain surface coated. The small scale characterization testing, such as closed bomb testing, small scale sensitivity, thermal stability,and chemical compatibility, will be presented. The 30 mm gun demonstration firing data at hot, cold, and ambient temperatures will also be presented. | Thelma Manning Jeffrey Wyckoff Kenneth Klingaman Viral Panchal Eugene Rozumov John Bolognini Ming Wang Young Subhash Patel | 2017 | Defence Technology(防务技术)2017，13，3： | 2 |
| 3 | Cell migration in tumors 显示文摘 | Yamaguchi H Wyckoff J Condeelis J | 2006 | Curr Opin Cell Biol2006，17，5： | 1 |
| 4 | The embodiment of carbon in imports of manufactured products: implications for international agreements on greenhouse gas emissions 显示文摘 | Wyckoff A W Roop J M | 1994 | Energy Policy1994，22，： | 1 |
| 5 | Lamellipodia in invasion显示文摘 | Condeelis JS Wyckoff JR Bailly M | 2001 | Semin Cancer Biol2001，11，2： | 1 |
| 6 | Direct visualization of macrophage -assisted tumor cell intravasation in mammary tumors 显示文摘 | Wyckoff JB Wang Y Lin EY | 2007 | Cancer Research2007，67，6： | 1 |
| 7 | Epidermal growth factorreceptor overexpression results in increased tumor cell mo-tility in vivo coordinately with enhanced intravasation andmetastasis显示文摘 | Xue C Wyckoff J Liang F | 2006 | Cancer Res2006，66，： | 1 |
| 8 | Use and efficacy of endotracheal versus intravenous epinephrine during neonatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the delivery room显示文摘 | Barberccvv CA Wyckoff MH | 2006 | Pediatrics2006，118，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Invasion of human breast cancer cells in vivo requires both paracrine and autocrine loops in- volving the colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor 显示文摘 | Patsialou A Wyckoff J Wang Y R | 2009 | Cancer Res2009，69，24： | 1 |
| 10 | Reaction mechanism of alkaline phosphatase based on crystal structures: two-metal ions catalysis 显示文摘 | Kim E E Wyckoff H W | 1991 | J Mol Biol1991，218，2： | 1 |
| 11 | A pamcfine loop betweentumor cells and macrophages is required for tumor cell migration inmanunary tumors显示文摘 | Wyckoff J Wang W Lin EY | 2004 | Cancer Res2004，64，19： | 1 |
| 12 | The embodiment of carbon in imports of manufactured products : implications for international a- greements on greenhouse gas emissions 显示文摘 | Wyckoff A W Roop M J | 1994 | Energy Policy1994，22，： | 1 |
| 13 | A paracrine loop between tumor cells and macrophages is required for tumor cell migration in mammary tumors 显示文摘 | Wyckoff J Wang W Lin EY | 2004 | Cancer Res2004，64，19： | 1 |
| 14 | A paracrine loop between tumor cells and macrophages is required for tumor cell migration in mammary tumors 显示文摘 | Wyckoff J Wang W Lin E Y | 2004 | Cancer Res2004，64，19： | 1 |
| 15 | Lamellipodia in invasion显示文摘 | Condeelis JS Wyckoff JB Bailly M | 2001 | Semin Cancer Biol2001，11，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Influence of processed com grain in diets of dairy cows on digestion of nutrients and milk composition显示文摘 | Crocker L M DePeters E J Fadel J G Perez-Monti H Taylor S J Wyckoff J A Zinn R A | 1998 | J Dairy Sci1998，81，： | 1 |
| 17 | Tree growth prediction using size and exposed crown area 显示文摘 | Wyckoff P H Clark J S | 2005 | Canadian Journal of Forest Research2005，35，1： | 1 |
| 18 | One size fits all? Slow cortical potentials neurofeedback:a review显示文摘 | Mayer K Wyckoff SN Strehl U | 2013 | J Atten Disord2013，17，5： | 1 |
| 19 | The relationship between growth and mortality for seven co-occurring tree species in the southern Appalachian Mountains显示文摘 | WYCKOFF P H CLARK J S | 2002 | Journal of Ecology2002，90，： | 1 |
| 20 | Recombinant Bovine Interleukin 2 Enhances Immunity and Protection Induced by Brucella Abortus Vaccines in Cattle 显示文摘 | John H Wyckoff III Jeri L Howland | 2005 | Veterinary Microbiology2005，111，12： | 1 |
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