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| 1 | Production and genetic improvement of minor cereals in China显示文摘China is a leading country in the production of several minor cereals such as foxtail millet,Job's tears,naked oat,and naked barley.Sorghum and proso millet have also contributed greatly to Chinese agriculture.Foxtail millet,sorghum,barley,and proso millet were widely grown as major crops 60 years ago,and the reduction in their cultivation area reflects historical changes in Chinese agriculture over the past decades.Systematic germplasm collections from the 1950 s to the 1990 s gathered more than 66,690 accessions of these minor cereals,and for some of them,the Chinese germplasm collections are the largest in the world;for example,the 27,700 accessions of foxtail millet.Germplasm evaluations of each cereal species have focused mainly on drought tolerance,nutritional quality,and resistance to their main diseases.Comparisons among lines and selection of those with desirable traits were the main breeding methods for minor cereals in the 1950 s and 1960 s,but these methods were replaced by crossbreeding in the 1970 s.Newly developed cultivars have greatly changed the production situation,and many super cultivars have become milestones in crop breeding history.In this review,we describe the distribution and ecoregions,origin and domestication,and landmark varieties of several minor cereals in China.Nearly all of the minor cereals are drought-tolerant and fertilizer-efficient.The requirements for environmentally friendly crops and a more diverse food supply for humans and animals provide new opportunities to cultivate minor cereals in the drier and warmer environmental conditions that are predicted in the future. | Xianmin Diao | 2017 | The Crop Journal2017，5，2： | 38 |
| 2 | Pseudo-rigid-body Model for Corrugated Cantilever Beam Used in Compliant Mechanisms显示文摘Common compliant joints generally have limited range of motion,reduced fatigue life and high stress concentration.To overcome these shortcomings,periodically corrugated cantilever beam is applied to design compliant joints.Basic corrugated beam unit is modeled by using pseudo-rigid-body method.The trajectory and deformation behavior of periodically corrugated cantilever beam are estimated by the transformation of coordinate and superposition of the deformation of corrugated beam units.Finite element analysis(FEA)is carried out on corrugated cantilever beam to estimate the accuracy of the pseudo-rigid-body model.Results show that the kinetostatic behaviors obtained by this method,which has a relative error less than 6%,has good applicability and corrugated cantilever beam has the characteristics of a large range of motion and high mechanical strength.The corrugated cantilever beam is then applied to design a flexible rotational joint to obtain a larger angle output.The paper proposes a pseudo-rigid-body model for corrugated cantilever beam and designed a flexible rotational joint with large angle output. | WANG Nianfeng LIANG Xiaohe ZHANG Xianmin | 2014 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2014，27，1： | 12 |
| 3 | Compliant mechanisms design based on pairs of curves显示文摘The success of compliant mechanism design by structural topology optimization approach depends,to a large extent,on its structural geometry representation scheme.In this work,a novel representation scheme based on pairs of curves is presented.In the representation,the structure is characterized by a set of input/output(I/O) regions.While it is still unknown how the rest of the design space will be occupied by the structure,the I/O regions must exist somewhere because any structure must have parts which interact with its surroundings by way of at least one loading region,one support region,and one output region.For a valid structural design,pairs of Bezier curves are used to connect I/O regions in order to form one single connected load-bearing structure.The boundary is explicitly described,so the need for smoothening of the blurred and jagged edges can be avoided by developing such a representation scheme to directly generate smooth boundary structures.With the scheme,shape and topology can be optimized simultaneously,and the obtained topology solutions have no check-board phenomena nor intermediate zones.A multi-objective genetic algorithm is then applied to couple with the representation scheme for defining and encoding the structural geometry in the form of graph.The solution framework is integrated with a nonlinear fixed grid finite element method(FG-FEM) code for large-displacement analyses of the compliant structures.Simulation results from a displacement inverter indicated that the proposed representation scheme is appropriate. | WANG NianFeng ZHANG XianMin | 2012 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2012，55，8： | 8 |
| 4 | Multi-omics analyses of 398 foxtail millet accessions reveal genomic regions associated with domestication,metabolite traits,and antiinflammatory effects显示文摘Foxtail millet(Setaria italica),which was domesticatedfromthewild speciesgreenfoxtail(Setaria viridis),isa richsource of phytonutrientsfor humans.To evaluate how breeding changed themetabolome offoxtail millet grains,we generated and analyzed the datasets encompassing the genomes,transcriptomes,metabolomes,and anti-inflammatory indices from 398 foxtail millet accessions.We identified hundreds of common variants that influence numerous secondary metabolites.We observed tremendous differences in natural variations of the metabolites and their underlying genetic architectures between distinct sub-groups of foxtail millet.Furthermore,we found that the selection of the gene alleles associated with yellow grains led to altered profiles of metabolites such as carotenoids and endogenous phytohormones.Using CRiSPR-mediated genome editing wevalidated the function of PHYTOENE SYNTHASE1(PSY1)gene in affecting milletgrain colorand quality.Interestingly,our in vitro cell inflammation assays showed that 83 metabolites in millet grains have anti-inflammatory effects.Taken together,ourmulti-omics study illustrates how the breeding history of foxtail millet has shaped its metabolite profile.The datasets we generated in this study also provide important resources for further understanding how millet grain quality is affected by different metabolites,laying the foundations for future millet genetic research and metabolome-assisted improvement. | Xukai Li Jianhua Gao Jingyi Song Kai Guo Siyu Hou Xingchun Wang Qiang He Yanyan Zhang Yakun Zhang Yulu Yang Jiaoyan Tang Hailang Wang Staffan Persson Mingquan Huang Lishuai Xu Linlin Zhong Dongqin Li Yongming Liu Hua Wu Xianmin Diao Peng Chen Xiaowen Wang Yuanhuai Han | 2022 | Molecular Plant2022，15，8： | 8 |
| 5 | Initiation of Setaria as a model plant显示文摘Model organisms such as Arabidopsis(Arabidopsis thaliana)and rice(Oryza sativa)have proven essential for efficient scientific discovery and development of new methods.With the diversity of plant lineages,some important processes such as C4 photosynthesis are not found in either Arabidopsis or rice,so new model species are needed.Due to their small diploid genomes,short life cycles,self-pollination,small adult statures and prolific seed production,domesticated foxtail millet(Setaria italica)and its wild ancestor,green foxtail(S.viridis),have recently been proposed as novel model species for functional genomics of the Panicoideae,especially for study of C4 photosynthesis.This review outlines the development of these species as model organisms,and discusses current challenges and future potential of a Setaria model. | Xianmin DIAO James SCHNABLE Jeffrey LBENNETZEN Jiayang LI | 2014 | Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering2014，1，1： | 7 |
| 6 | TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION OF MULTIPLE INPUTS AND MULTIPLE OUTPUTS COMPLIANT MECHANISMS显示文摘An optimal topology design method for multiple inputs and multiple outputs compliant micro-manipulation system is presented. Firstly, the topology design problem is posed in terms of a multiple inputs load and several specified output deflections. The compliance and stiffness of the system are expressed by the mutual potential energy and strain energy, respectively, which can be controlled by a multi-criteria objective function. Secondly, based on the optimality criteria method, a model solution algorithm is presented. Finally, a numerical example is presented to show the validity of the presented technique. The optimal topology of a 4 inputs and 4 outputs compliant mechanism is obtained by using the method, and the corresponding micro-positioning stage system is further designed. | ZHANG xianmin OUYANG Gaofei WANG Hua | 2007 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2007，20，1： | 7 |
| 7 | Topology Optimization of Compliant Mechanisms with Geometrical Nonlinearities Using the Ground Structure Approach显示文摘The majority of topology optimization of compliant mechanisms uses linear finite element models to find the structure responses.Because the displacements of compliant mechanisms are intrinsically large,the topological design can not provide quantitatively accurate result.Thus,topological design of these mechanisms considering geometrical nonlinearities is essential.A new methodology for geometrical nonlinear topology optimization of compliant mechanisms under displacement loading is presented.Frame elements are chosen to represent the design domain because they are capable of capturing the bending modes.Geometrically nonlinear structural response is obtained by using the co-rotational total Lagrange finite element formulation,and the equilibrium is solved by using the incremental scheme combined with Newton-Raphson iteration.The multi-objective function is developed by the minimum strain energy and maximum geometric advantage to design the mechanism which meets both stiffness and flexibility requirements, respectively.The adjoint method and the direct differentiation method are applied to obtain the sensitivities of the objective functions. The method of moving asymptotes(MMA) is employed as optimizer.The numerical example is simulated to show that the optimal mechanism based on geometrically nonlinear formulation not only has more flexibility and stiffness than that based on linear formulation,but also has better stress distribution than the one.It is necessary to design compliant mechanisms using geometrically nonlinear topology optimization.Compared with linear formulation,the formulation for geometrically nonlinear topology optimization of compliant mechanisms can give the compliant mechanism that has better mechanical performance.A new method is provided for topological design of large displacement compliant mechanisms. | ZHAN Jinqing ZHANG Xianmin | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2011，24，2： | 7 |
| 8 | Topological and Shape Optimization of Flexure Hinges for Designing Compliant Mechanisms Using the Level Set Method显示文摘A flexure hinge is a major component in designing compliant mechanisms that o ers unique possibilities in a wide range of application fields in which high positioning accuracy is required. Although various flexure hinges with di erent configurations have been successively proposed, they are often designed based on designers' experiences and inspirations. This study presents a systematic method for topological optimization of flexure hinges by using the level set method. Optimization formulations are developed by considering the functional requirements and geometrical constraints of flexure hinges. The functional requirements are first constructed by maximizing the compliance in the desired direction while minimizing the compliances in the other directions. The weighting sum method is used to construct an objective function in which a self-adjust method is used to set the weighting factors. A constraint on the symmetry of the obtained configuration is developed. Several numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method. The obtained results reveal that the design of a flexure hinge starting from the topology level can yield more choices for compliant mechanism design and obtain better designs that achieve higher performance. | Benliang Zhu Xianmin Zhang Min Liu Qi Chen Hai Li | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2019，32，1： | 6 |
| 9 | A benchmark test of boson sampling on Tianhe-2 supercomputer显示文摘Boson sampling, thought to be intractable classically, can be solved by a quantum machine composed of merely generation, linear evolution and detection of single photons. Such an analog quantum computer for this specific problem provides a shortcut to boost the absolute computing power of quantum computers to beat classical ones. However, the capacity bound of classical computers for simulating boson sampling has not yet been identified. Here we simulate boson sampling on the Tianhe-2 supercomputer, which occupied the first place in the world ranking six times from 2013 to 2016. We computed the permanent of the largest matrix using up to 312 000 CPU cores of Tianhe-2, and inferred from the current most efficient permanent-computing algorithms that an upper bound on the performance of Tianhe-2 is one 50-photon sample per ~100 min. In addition, we found a precision issue with one of two permanent-computing algorithms. | Junjie Wu Yong Liu Baida Zhang Xianmin Jin Yang Wang Huiquan Wang Xuejun Yang | 2018 | National Science Review2018，5，5： | 6 |
| 10 | Advances in dielectric elastomer actuation technology显示文摘Dielectric elastomer actuators(DEAs) have attracted much interest over the past decades due to the inherent flexibility, large strain, high efficiency, high energy density, and fast response of the material, which are known as one of the most promising candidates for artificial muscle. In this paper, we first introduce the actuation principle and electromechanical modeling approaches of dielectric elastomers(DEs). Then, the performance of different DEs material and existing compliant electrodes that are widely utilized for DEAs are presented. We also highlight the compatibility of DEs, which is suitable for a variety of actuator designs and applications. Lastly, we summarize the challenges and future development in terms of electromechanical modeling, improvement of materials including compliant electrodes and dielectric elastomer, designs and applications of novel dielectric elastomer actuators. | WANG NianFeng CUI ChaoYu GUO Hao CHEN BiCheng ZHANG XianMin | 2018 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2018，61，10： | 6 |
| 11 | Multi-objective Topology Optimization of Thermo-mechanical Compliant Mechanisms显示文摘The material characteristics of a structure will change with temperature variation,and will induce stress within the structure.Currently,the optimal design for the topology of compliant mechanisms is mainly performed in single physical field.However,when compliant mechanisms work in high temperature environments,their displacement outputs are generated not only by mechanical load,but also by the temperature variation which may become the prominent factor.Therefore,the influence of temperature must be considered in the design.In this paper,a novel optimization method for multi-objective topology of thermo-mechanical compliant mechanisms is presented.First,the thermal field is analyzed with finite-element method,where the thermal strain is taken into account in the constitutive relation,and the equivalent nodal thermal load is derived with the principle of virtual work.Then the thermal load is converted into physical loads in elastic field,and the control equation of the thermo-mechanical compliant mechanism is obtained.Second,the mathematical model of the multi-objective topology optimization is built by incorporating both the flexibility and stiffness.Meanwhile,the coupling sensitivity function and the sensitivity analysis equations of thermal steady-state response are derived.Finally,optimality criteria algorithm is employed to obtain numerical solution of the multi-objective topology optimization.Numerical examples show that the compliant mechanisms have better performance and are more applicable if the temperature effect is taken into account in the design process.The presented modeling and analysis methods provide a new idea and an effective approach to topology optimization of compliant mechanisms in electrothermic coupling field and multiphysics fields. | LI Dongmei ZHANG Xianmin GUAN Yisheng ZHANG Hong WANG Nianfeng | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2011，24，6： | 6 |
| 12 | A level set method for reliability-based topology optimization of compliant mechanisms显示文摘Based on the level set model and the reliability theory, a numerical approach of reliability-based topology optimization for compliant mechanisms with multiple inputs and outputs is presented. A multi-objective topology optimal model of compliant mechanisms considering uncertainties of the loads, material properties, and member geometries is developed. The reliability analysis and topology optimization are integrated in the optimal iterative process. The reliabilities of the compliant mechanisms are evaluated by using the first order reliability method. Meanwhile, the problem of structural topology optimization is solved by the level set method which is flexible in handling complex topological changes and concise in describing the boundary shape of the mechanism. Numerical examples show the importance of considering the stochastic nature of the compliant mechanisms in the topology optimization process. | ZHANG XianMin OUYANG GaoFei | 2008 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2008，51，4： | 6 |
| 13 | Stiffness Analysis of Corrugated Flexure Beam Used in Compliant Mechanisms显示文摘Conventional flexible joints generally have limited range of motion and high stress concentration. To overcome these shortcomings, corrugated flexure beam(CF beam) is designed because of its large flexibility obtained from longer overall length on the same span. The successful design of compliant mechanisms using CF beam requires manipulation of the stiffnesses as the design variables. Empirical equations of the CF beam stiffness components, except of the torsional stiffness, are obtained by curve-fitting method. The application ranges of all the parameters in each empirical equation are also discussed. The ratio of off-axis to axial stiffness is considered as a key characteristic of an effective compliant joint. And parameter study shows that the radius of semi-circular segment and the length of straight segment contribute most to the ratio. At last, CF beam is used to design translational and rotational flexible joints, which also verifies the validity of the empirical equations. CF beam with large flexibility is presented, and empirical equations of its stiffness are proposed to facilitate the design of flexible joint with large range of motion. | WANG Nianfeng LIANG Xiaohe ZHANG Xianmin | 2015 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2015，28，4： | 6 |
| 14 | Auroral substorm response to solar wind pressure shock显示文摘Two cases of auroral substorms have been studied with the Polar UVI data, which were associated with solar wind pressure shock arriving at the Earth. The global aurora activities started about 1-2 min after pressure shocks arrived at dayside magnetopause, then nightside auroras intensified rapidly 3-4 min later, with auroral sub-storm onset. The observations in synchronous orbit indicated that the compressing effects on magnetosphere were observed in their corresponding sites about 2 min after the pressure shocks impulse magnetopause. We propose that the auroral intensification and substorm onset possibly result from hydromagnetic wave produced by the pressure shock. The fast-mode wave propagates across the magnetotail lobes with higher local Alfven velocity, magnetotail was compressed rapidly and strong lobe field and cross-tail current were built in about 1-2 min, and furthermore the substorm was triggered due to an instability in current sheet. | HONG Minghua WANG Xianmin D.Chua G.Parks | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，18： | 5 |
| 15 | The coalbed methane transport model and its application in the presence of matrix shrinkage显示文摘Based on the theories of surface physical chemistry, theoretical formulations for permeability and porosity are presented which include both stress effect and matrix shrinkage in a single equation. Then, a three-dimensional, dual porosity, nonequilibrium adsorption, pseudosteady state mathematical model for gas and water is established and solved by the fully implicit method and the block precondition- ing orthomin algorithm. A history matching for the Qinshui Well TL003 is done. From the results, it is shown that the obvious enhancement of permeability occurs along with the passing time but the reservoir pressure of 15# coal seam cannot fulfill the critical adsorption pressure as a result of the water recharge of the aquifer. Hence, it is suggested to plug the 15# coal seam. | ZHANG XianMin TONG DengKe | 2008 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2008，51，7： | 5 |
| 16 | Design and Myoelectric Control of an Anthropomorphic Prosthetic Hand显示文摘这份报纸用弯曲绞链论述一只拟人的修复术的手,它被表面 electromyography (sEMG ) 控制仅仅从 2 个电极发信号。修复术的手用 5 根手指和 4 个独立致动器驾驶的自由(DoFs ) 的 4 度有紧缩的结构。当有弹性的关节和每根手指的关节被腱联合,螺旋状的弹簧被使用。能分类 8 个能抓住的手手势的 myoelectric 控制系统被造。在当最佳的特征集合和线性判别式分析(LDA ) 被利用减少尺寸,吝啬的绝对值(MAV ) ,变化(增值商) ,第四顺序的 Autoregressive (AR ) 系数和样品熵(SE ) 被选择的地方,模式识别被采用。在当前的投射特征集合和以前的集合是 “pre-smoothed” 以后,手手势的一个决定被 LDA 分类器产生,然后当当前的决定和以前的决定是 “post-smoothed” 时,最后的决定被获得从决定流动。修复术的手能为每日的生活的活动执行能抓住的姿势并且在 EMG 信号的控制下面带对象。 | Nianfeng Wang Kunyi Lao Xianmin Zhang | 2017 | Journal of Bionic Engineering2017，14，1： | 5 |
| 17 | The Fault Block's Framework in Boli Basin and its Control Over the Deposition显示文摘Boli basin, between Yishu fracture belt and Dunmi fracture belt, is the biggest Mesozoic coal basin in the east of Heilongjiang Province. Now it is a fault-fold remnant basin. The basin’s shape is generally consistent with the whole distribution of the cover folds, an arc protruding southwards. The basement of the basin can be divided into three fault blocks or structural units. The formation and evoluation of the basin in Mesozoic was determined by the basement fault blocks’ dis- placement features rusulted from by the movement of the edge faults and the main basement faults. | Cao Chengrun, Shan Xuanlong, Wang Dongpo (Jilin University, Changchun 130026 P. R. China) Wang Xianmin and Yao Ping (Jilin oil feild. Songyuan 131150 P. R. China) | 2001 | Global Geology2001，6，1： | 5 |
| 18 | Vision-based adaptive control of a 3-RRR parallel positioning system显示文摘The macro positioning stage with high-precision and rapid positioning ability plays a crucial role in the macro-micro combination positioning system. In this paper, we develop a practical method for the control of a 3-RRR planar positioning system using online vision measurement as feedback. In this method, a monocular vision system is established to accomplish highprecision online pose measurement for the 3-RRR manipulator. Additionally, a robust and operable adaptive control algorithm,which incorporates a fuzzy controller and a PI controller, is employed to achieve precise and rapid positioning of the 3-RRR positioning system. A series of experiments are conducted to verify the positioning performances of the proposed method, and a conventional PI control algorithm is utilized for comparison. The experimental results indicate that using the proposed control approach, the parallel positioning system obtains high precision and shows higher efficiency and robustness, especially for the time-varying positioning system. | YAO Sheng LI Hai ZENG Lei ZHANG XianMin | 2018 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2018，61，8： | 5 |
| 19 | Retrotransposon-mediated DELLA transcriptional reprograming underlies semi-dominant dwarfism in foxtail millet显示文摘Retrotransposons account for a large proportion of the genome and genomic variation, and play key roles in creating novel genes and diversifying the genome in many eukaryotic species. Although retrotransposons are abundant in plants, their roles had been underestimated because of a lack of research. Here, we characterized a gibberellin Acid (GA)-insensitive dwarf mutant, 84133, in foxtail millet. Map-based cloning revealed a 5.5-kb Copia-like retrotransposon insertion in DWARF1 (D1), which encodes a DELLA protein. Transcriptional analysis showed that the Copia retrotransposon mediated the transcriptional reprogramming of D1 leading to a novel N-terminal-deleted truncated DELLA transcript that was putatively driven by Copia's LTR, namely D1-TT, and another chimeric transcript. The presence of D1-TT was confirmed by protein immunodetection analysis. Furthermore, D1-TT protein was resistant to GA3 treatment compared with the intact DELLA protein due to its inability to interact with the GA receptor, SiGID1. Overexpression of D1-TT in foxtail millet resulted in dwarf plants, confirming that it determines the dwarfism of 84133. Thus, our study documents a rare instance of long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposon-mediated transcriptional reprograming in the plant kingdom. These results shed light on the function of LTR retrotransposons in generating new gene functions and genetic diversity. | Meicheng Zhao Hui Zhi Xue Zhang Guanqing Jia Xianmin Diao | 2019 | The Crop Journal2019，7，4： | 5 |
| 20 | Design of single-axis flexure hinges using continuum topology optimization method显示文摘The design of compliant hinges has been extensively studied in the size and shape level in the literature.This paper presents a method for designing the single-axis flexure hinges in the topology level.Two kinds of hinges,that is,the translational hinge and the revolute hinge,are studied.The basic optimization models are developed for topology optimization of the translational hinge and the revolute hinge,respectively.The objective for topology optimization of flexure hinges is to maximize the compliance in the desired direction meanwhile minimizing the compliances in the other directions.The constraints for accomplishing the translational and revolute requirements are developed.The popular Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization method is used to find the optimal flexure hinge topology within a given design domain.Numerical results are performed to illustrate the validity of the proposed method. | ZHU BenLiang ZHANG XianMin FATIKOW Sergej | 2014 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2014，57，3： | 4 |
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