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| 1 | 利用MODIS C6数据分析中国西北地区气溶胶光学厚度时空变化特征显示文摘通过与AERONET太阳光度计站点数据进行对比验证,确认了MODIS C6 AOD融合产品在西北地区的适用性.利用2006~2015年MODIS/AQUA C6 MYD08-M3产品分析中国西北地区气溶胶光学厚度的时空变化特征和形成原因.结果表明:(1)从空间分布特征来看,塔里木盆地和关中盆地是高值区,青海南部、甘肃西南部是低值区;准噶尔盆地是前后5年年均AOD对比增量区,柴达木盆地和河套地区是对比减量区.(2)从时间变化特征来看,近10年西北地区年均AOD变化范围为0.18~0.22,2011年起呈缓慢下降趋势,平均年降幅约为0.32%;南疆地区呈现较为明显的年际变化特征,与沙尘天气强弱、频次的年份分布直接相关;东部地区在2011~2015年,下降趋势显著,平均年降幅达到1.1%;北疆和青藏地区年均AOD整体保持平稳;西北地区不同区域AOD季节变化均呈现从春季至秋季逐步下降,冬季再次回升的相同关系. | 赵仕伟 高晓清 | 2017 | 环境科学2017，38，7： | 33 |
| 2 | 安徽及周边地区气溶胶时空特征及成因分析显示文摘利用AERONET数据对2013年6月—2014年5月Aqua/MOIDS气溶胶产品在安徽及周边地区的适用性进行了验证,分析了气溶胶时空分布特征并讨论其影响因素.结果表明:MODIS AOD与AERONET数据在研究区具有很好的一致性,满足美国国家宇航局(NASA)的误差要求.时间上,安徽北部及中部春季、冬季AOD值较高,合肥-南京一带在冬季AOD值甚至高于0.9;研究区域整体在秋季达到AOD最低值.空间上,皖西、皖南山区和庐山等高海拔地区AOD较低,而处于山区间的沿江平原的AOD却明显升高,形成一个以沿江平原为高值中心的环形分布区.研究区域内AOD与能见度、相对湿度的相关性显著,风速对AOD有着先促进后抑制的影响,经济发展和人口分布对气溶胶的分布也有着明显的影响. | 王浩洋 吴艳兰 | 2015 | 环境科学学报2015，35，7： | 16 |
| 3 | Regional long-term trend of ground solar radiation in China over the past 50 years显示文摘Based on global solar radiation and related meteorological data from 57 stations in China between 1961 and 2009, we analyze the variation of surface global solar radiation (G) and its relationship to meteorological elements using linear-trend estimation, wavelet analysis, and the Mann-Kendall test. The results show that of the 33 stations with time series longer than 45 years, G is significant at the 95% confidence level. G has a decreasing trend at many stations, but results vary across different areas. The decadal departure percentage of G increased from the 1960s to 1970s, declined gradually after the 1970s, and decreased significantly in the 1980s. In the 1990s, the trend at a few sites slightly increased. The trend of cumulative variance is of four types, i.e. rise-fall, rise-fall-slight rise, rise-fall-rise, and not obvious. For changes within a year, the most obvious decline was in winter, and the rest of the year had a slight decrease. The major cycles of annual G were 6-9, 10-13, and 29-33 a. The inflection points were mostly in the 1970s. The reasons for greater changes were complex. Relevant meteorological elements were selected and analyzed by statistical methods. Trends in climatic parameters, such as annual average percentage of sunshine, annual average wind speed, and annual average of low cloud cover, were closely related to G. Thus, this indicated the potential causes of the observed trends in G. The long-term trend for annual G in some regions was also influenced by anthro- pogenic activities. Annual average percentage of sunshine and annual average wind speed were positively correlated with annual G, respectively. | MA JinYu LUO Yong SHEN YanBo LIANG Hong LI ShiKui | 2013 | Science China Earth Sciences2013，56，7： | 4 |
| 4 | A Review of Aerosol Optical Properties and Radiative Effects显示文摘Atmospheric aerosols influence the earth's radiative balance directly through scattering and absorbing solar radiation,and indirectly through affecting cloud properties.An understanding of aerosol optical properties is fundamental to studies of aerosol effects on climate.Although many such studies have been undertaken,large uncertainties in describing aerosol optical characteristics remain,especially regarding the absorption properties of different aerosols.Aerosol radiative effects are considered as either positive or negative perturbations to the radiation balance,and they include direct,indirect(albedo effect and cloud lifetime effect),and semi-direct effects.The total direct effect of anthropogenic aerosols is negative(cooling),although some components may contribute a positive effect(warming).Both the albedo effect and cloud lifetime effect cool the atmosphere by increasing cloud optical depth and cloud cover,respectively.Absorbing aerosols,such as carbonaceous aerosols and dust,exert a positive forcing at the top of atmosphere and a negative forcing at the surface,and they can directly warm the atmosphere.Internally mixed black carbon aerosols produce a stronger warming effect than externally mixed black carbon particles do.The semidirect effect of absorbing aerosols could amplify this warming effect.Based on observational(ground- and satellite-based) and simulation studies,this paper reviews current progress in research regarding the optical properties and radiative effects of aerosols and also discusses several important issues to be addressed in future studies. | 刘玉芝 贾瑞 戴铁 谢永坤 石广玉 | 2014 | Journal of Meteorological Research2014，28，6： | 3 |
| 5 | Development of CMAQ for East Asia CO_2 data assimilation under an EnKF framework: a first result显示文摘Under an Ensemble Kalman Filter(EnKF)framework,Regional Atmospheric Modeling System and Models-3 Community Multi-scale Air Quality(RAMS–CMAQ)modeling system is developed to be a CO2data assimilation system EnKF–CMAQ,and the EnKF–CMAQ system is then applied to East Asia for validation with real continuous surface CO2concentration observations available in the study domain instead of using an observation simulation system experiment.Experiments with an experimental period of January 23 to February 7,2007 are conducted,and the experimental results of the EnKF–CMAQ system and the RAMS–CMAQ model are compared against continuous surface CO2observations from assimilation sites and independent reference sites.Distributions of daily mean CO2concentration increments show that the EnKF–CMAQ system confines the update of daily mean CO2within areas nearby and downwind of the assimilation sites.Both the CO2concentration ensemble spreads and background error covariances show flow-dependent patterns.The results indicate the crucial role of wind transport in the CO2data assimilation,which agrees with the previous studies.The average bias and the average root-mean-square error(RMSE)of daily mean CO2concentration at the assimilation sites are reduced by 1.00 and1.83 ppm,respectively,and those at the reference sites are reduced by 0.24 and 0.22 ppm,respectively.The results demonstrate the EnKF–CMAQ system is capable of assimilating the continuous surface CO2concentration observations to improve the simulation accuracy of the atmospheric CO2synoptic variation.Since growing CO2observations over East Asia are being available nowadays,this work is our first step to generate consistent spatial and temporal atmospheric CO2concentration fields over East Asia,particularly over China,using both in situ and satellite observations. | Zhekun Huang Zhen Peng Hongnian Liu Meigen Zhang Xiaoguang Ma Shu-Chih Yang Sang-Deok Lee Seung-Yeon Kim | 2014 | Chinese Science Bulletin2014，59，25： | 1 |
| 6 | Modeling study on seasonal variation in aerosol extinction properties over China显示文摘To investigate the seasonal variation of aerosol optical depth(AOD), extinction coefcient(EXT), single scattering albedo(SSA) and the decomposed impacts from sulfate(SO4 2) and black carbon(BC) over China, numerical experiments are conducted from November 2007 to December 2008 by using WRF-Chem. Comparison of model results with measurements shows that model can reproduce the spatial distribution and seasonal variation of AOD and SSA. Over south China, AOD is largest in spring(0.6–1.2) and lowest in summer(0.2–0.6). Over north, northeast and east China, AOD is highest in summer while lowest in winter. The high value of EXT under 850 hPa which is the reflection of low visibility ranges from 0.4–0.8 km 1and the high value area shifts to north during winter, spring and summer, then back to south in autumn. SSA is 0.92–0.94 in winter and 0.94–0.96 for the other three seasons because of highest BC concentration in winter over south China. Over east China, SSA is highest(0.92–0.96) in summer, and 0.88–0.92 during winter, spring and autumn as the concentration of scattering aerosol is highest while BC concentration is lowest in summer over this region. Over north China, SSA is highest(0.9–0.94) in summer and lowest(0.82–0.86) in winter due to the significant variation of aerosol concentration. The SO4 2 induced EXT increases about 5%– 55% and the impacts of BC on EXT is much smaller(2%–10%). The SO4 2-induced increase in SSA is 0.01–0.08 and the BC-induced SSA decreases 0.02–0.18. | Yi Gao Meigen Zhang | 2014 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2014，26，1： | 1 |
| 7 | 七波段黑碳气溶胶监测仪的设计与实现显示文摘为了实现黑碳气溶胶的实时测量与远程监控,提出了一种七波段黑碳气溶胶监测仪的设计与实现方法。利用电荷数字模数转换芯片DDC101实现信号的采集,使用触摸屏提供人机交互界面,提供网络远程监控与历史数据导出功能。结果表明,系统可以满足黑碳气溶胶长期连续监测实际应用需求,后续数据分析处理方便。 | 马宾 王月琴 | 2011 | 安徽农业科学2011，39，13： | 1 |
| 8 | Development of RAMS-CMAQ to Simulate Aerosol Optical Depth and Aerosol Direct Radiative Forcing and Its Application to East Asia显示文摘The air quality modeling system RAMS (Regional Atmospheric Modeling System)-CMAQ (Models-3 Community Multi-scale Air Quality) is developed to simulate the aerosol optical depth (AOD) and aerosol direct forcing (DF). The aerosol-specific extinction, single scattering albedo, and asymmetry factor are parameterized based on Mie theory taking into account the aerosol size distribution, composition, refractive index, and water uptake of solution particles. A two-stream solar radiative model considers all gaseous molecular absorption, Rayleigh scattering, and aerosols and clouds. RAMSCMAQ is applied to simulate all major aerosol concentrations (e.g., sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, organic carbon, black carbon, fine soil, and sea salt) and AOD and DF over East Asia in 2005. To evaluate its performance, the simulated AOD values were compared with ground-based in situ measurements. The comparison shows that RAMSCMAQ performed well in most of the model domain and generally captured the observed variations. High AOD values (0.2 1.0) mainly appear in the Sichuan Basin as well as in central and southeastern China. The geographic distribution of DF generally follows the AOD distribution patterns, and the DF at the top-of-the-atmosphere is less than 25 and 20 W m 2 in clear-sky and all-sky over the Sichuan Basin. Both AOD and DF exhibit seasonal variations with lower values in July and higher ones in January The DF could obviously be impacted by high cloud fractions. | HAN Xiao ZHANG Mei-Gen LIU Xiao-Hong Steven GHAN XIN Jin-Yuan WANG Li-Li | 2009 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2009，2，6： | 0 |
| 9 | Assessment of Individual Direct Radiative Effects of Major Aerosol Species in East Asia显示文摘To assess individual direct radiative effects of diverse aerosol species on a regional scale,the air quality modeling system RAMS-CMAQ(Regional Atmospheric Modeling System and Community Multiscale Air Quality) coupled with an aerosol optical properties/radiative transfer module was used to simulate the temporal and spatial distributions of their optical and radiative properties over East Asia throughout 2005.Annual and seasonal averaged aerosol direct radiative forcing(ADRF) of all important aerosols and individual components,such as sulfate,nitrate,ammonium,black carbon(BC),organic carbon(OC),and dust at top-of-atmosphere(TOA) in clear sky are analyzed.Analysis of the model results shows that the annual average ADRF of all important aerosols was in the range of 0 to-18 W m?2,with the maximum values mainly distributed over the Sichuan Basin.The direct radiative effects of sulfate,nitrate,and ammonium make up most of the total ADRF in East Asia,being concentrated mainly over North and Southeast China.The model domain is also divided into seven regions based on different administrative regions or countries to investigate detailed information about regional ADRF variations over East Asia.The model results show that the ADRFs of sulfate,ammonium,BC,and OC were stronger in summer and weaker in winter over most regions of East Asia,except over Southeast Asia.The seasonal variation in the ADRF of nitrate exhibited the opposite trend.A strong ADRF of dust mainly appeared in spring over Northwest China and Mongolia. | HAN Xiao ZHANG Mei-Gen | 2012 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2012，5，1： | 0 |
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