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| 1 | 甘南郎木寺中全新世泥炭总有机碳和脂类分子化合物的组合特征显示文摘根据青藏高原东北部甘肃南部郎木寺泥炭总有机碳含量的时间序列,重建了该区7.3~4.0kaB.P.(中全新世)期间气候演变的历史,其中较为显著的变冷事件分别集中在6.8cal.kaB.P.,5.0cal.kaB.P.和4.3cal.kaB.P.。同时分析了3个不同深度的泥炭脂类分子化合物。结果表明,正构烷烃和直链烷基-2-酮都由长链组分所构成,具有明显的奇碳优势和很高的碳优势指数值(CPI〉5)表明,这些长链组分来自草本高等植物。样品中还检出脂肪酸甲酯系列,也以长链组分为主,可能是沉积早期生物地球化学作用的产物。异构烯烃的存在及菲系列化合物低的甲基菲指数(MPI)和镜质体反射率(Rc)值,说明样品受成岩作用的影响很小而且几乎没有遭受现代的污染,即泥炭保存完好,各个指标可以真实反映泥炭的组成、性质及其形成时的环境条件。根据总有机碳含量的时间序列和不同阶段样品中的脂类分子化石的组合特征,探讨了各阶段气候和植被的演化特征。 | 周静 张平中 贾继红 王宗礼 王永莉 张虹 张德忠 桑文翠 吴秀平 王江林 | 2008 | 第四纪研究2008，28，4： | 15 |
| 2 | 利用两种指纹因子判别小流域泥沙来源显示文摘为精确识别黄土高原丘陵沟壑区典型小流域泥沙来源,分析了流域内'源-汇'地区土壤的理化性质及生物标志物(正构烷烃)作为潜在指纹识别因子,并建立了复合指纹模型。结果显示:单独的土壤理化指纹及正构烷烃均不能有效识别泥沙来源;土壤理化指纹和正构烷烃分别在林地、农地及沟道的辨别上显示出其局限性。多元化的复合指纹(碳优势指数CPI、Ca、TP、C_(20)、C_(29)、Fe)则能辨别90.5%的泥沙来源。模型结果显示沟道是该流域泥沙的主要来源,占60.8%,其次为农地占20.7%,林地占11.3%,草地占7.2%。研究表明,结合生物标志物的复合指纹法能更精确地反映泥沙来源,适用于各泥沙源头的地质条件差异较小的流域,对黄土高原小流域水土流失治理具有指导意义。 | 陈方鑫 张含玉 方怒放 史志华 | 2016 | 水科学进展2016，27，6： | 14 |
| 3 | Latitudinal variations of CPI values of long-chain n-alkanes in surface soils:Evidence for CPI as a proxy of aridity显示文摘Carbon preference index (CPI) of long-chain n-alkanes preserved in surface soil increases gradually from southeastern China to the north margin of Loess Plateau.Along this latitudinal transect,the CPI value correlates to relative humidity,precipitation,and temperature with a negative linear relationship,respectively,whereas the correlation of CPI to temperature is relatively weak.In the Wuyi,Shennongjia,and Tianshan Mountains,CPI values do not change systemically with altitude increasing (or temperature decreasing).However,mean value of CPI for the individual mountain increases in turn from the humid mountain to the arid.These results jointly suggest that aridity (or humidity) is a dominate climate factor in altering soil CPI value.High CPI values of geological records therefore indicate the arid paleoclimate.Though long-chain n-alkanes in soil are derived mainly from leaf wax of terrestrial vascular plants,the regular latitudinal variations of soil CPI might not be caused by the change of vegetation.We speculate that increased long-chain n-alkanes from microbes and/or enhanced biodegradation in the humid climate lead to the decrease of soil CPI. | LUO Pan PENG PingAn LV HouYuan ZHENG Zhuo WANG Xu | 2012 | Science China Earth Sciences2012，55，7： | 12 |
| 4 | Is the maximum carbon number of long-chain n-alkanes an indicator of grassland or forest? Evidence from surface soils and modern plants显示文摘The molecular distribution of long-chain n-alkanes in 62 soil samples collected from diverse locations across eastern China was analyzed.The long-chain n-alkanes were mostly dominated by n-C29 or n-C31,regardless of the overlying vegetation type at each site.The results were compared with those summarized from the literature,covering more than 100 soil samples within China and more than 300 genera of modern plants distributed worldwide.There were similar n-alkane distribution patterns for most genera, with no clear differences among grasses,shrubs,and trees.The evidence from analyses of surface soils and modern plants indicates that the relationship between the molecular distribution of long-chain n-alkanes of surface soils and source vegetation is highly complex,and is influenced by many factors.Further,it is suggested that source vegetation types should not be simply inferred from distribution patterns of long-chain n-alkanes in sediments. | RAO ZhiGuo WU Yi ZHU ZhaoYu JIA GuoDong HENDERSON Andrew | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，16： | 9 |
| 5 | Climate variability recorded by n-alkanes of paleolake sediment in Qaidam Basin on the northeast Tibetan Plateau in late MIS3显示文摘Here we combine n-alkanes preserved in a shell bar section from Qarhan paleolake, Qaidam Basin with the other sedimentary proxies to elucidate the lake evolution process during the period 39.7 to 17.5 14C ka BP (calibrated age ranges from 43.5 to 22.4 cal. ka BP). In different stages, the n-alkane homologues exhibited different distribution modes indicative of variations in the surrounding vegetation and the hydrologic condition of the lake. The n-alkanes proxies (CPIh, ACLh, Paq) have the same trends as the summer solar insolation variation, implying that the summer insolation is the most important climatic factor driving the environmental changes and also indirectly controls lake evolution on the Tibetan Plateau. CPIh and ACLh as well as the total pollen concentration appear to show a trend comparable with methane concentration record from the GRIP ice core that reflected the Dansgaard-Oeschger events. This demonstrates that the paleoclimate variations in Qarhan area generally agree with global climate change and show rapid oscillations in late MIS3. These findings provide the latest molecular fossil evidence from paleolake sediments to confirm that lake evolution on Tibetan Plateau in late MIS3 was closely associated with enhanced summer insolation. | PU Yang ZHANG HuCai LEI GuoLiang CHANG FengQin YANG MingSheng ZHANG WenXiang LEI YanBin YANG LunQing PANG YouZhi | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，6： | 8 |
| 6 | Organic carbon isotope and molecular fossil records of vegetation evolution in central Loess Plateau since 450 kyr显示文摘Significant uncertainties remain regarding the temporal evolution of natural vegetation during the Quaternary, and drivers of past vegetation change, on the Chinese Loess Plateau(CLP). This study presents analyses of total organic carbon isotopic composition(TOC) and n-alkane ratios(C31/C27) from the Lingtai loess-palaeosol sequence on the central CLP over the last 450 kyr. The results demonstrate that the vegetation in this region comprised a mix of C_3 and C_4 plants of herb and woody growth-form. C_3 plants dominated for most of the last 450 kyr, but this did not lead to extensive forest. C_3 woody plants were more abundant in MIS9(S3 period) and MIS5(S1 period) during warm and humid climate conditions. Herbs increased in the region since 130 kyr, possibly as a result of increased aridity. On the orbital timescales, there was a reduction of C_3 herbal plants in MIS11(S4) than in MIS12(L5), and in Holocene than in the last glacial period. Our isotope and n-alkane proxy records are in agreement with Artemisia pollen changes in the region, which is/was the dominant species in this area and varying due to different heat and water conditions between glacial and interglacial periods. Though the climate in MIS1(S0) was similar to that in MIS11(S4), a significant increase in woody plants during the Holocene suggests the impact of human activities and ecological effects of changes in fire activity. | ZHOU Bin WALI Guzalnur Francien PETERSE Michael I BIRD | 2016 | Science China Earth Sciences2016，59，6： | 7 |
| 7 | 城市化进程对地下河中溶解态正构烷烃来源的影响显示文摘为了探明城市化进程影响下地下河溶解态正构烷烃(D-ALK)的组分特征,于2014年11月至2015年4月,分别对受不同程度城市化进程影响的老龙洞与青木关两条地下河出口(老龙洞口、姜家泉)进行采样,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GCMS)对样品中的D-ALK进行定量分析.结果表明,两地D-ALK碳数分布均为n C14~n C35.其中,姜家泉中的溶解态正构烷烃总量(DT-ALK)为102~356 ng·L^(-1),平均值为230 ng·L^(-1).2014年12月、2015年1月和4月,其正构烷烃碳数分布的峰型均为'单峰-前锋'型;LMH/HMH(n C-21/n C+22)为2.0~10;在n C14~n C25内碳优势指数(CPI14~25)为0.19~0.57,主碳峰均为C16(C_(max)16).2014年11月、2015年2月与3月,其碳数分布呈'双峰'形态,LMH/HMH与CPI14~25均小于1且C_(max)16;CPI24~35为1.2~23,C_(max)31或C_(max)33;Paq分别为0.2、0.7和0.1.其中,2014年11月与2015年3月的烷烃指数(AI)分别为0.95和0.98.老龙洞出口中的DT-ALK为110~697 ng·L^(-1),平均值为310 ng·L^(-1);各月碳数分布均呈现'单峰-前峰'峰型且C_(max)16,CPI14~25小于1.在旱季,由于受到不同人为活动的综合影响,以微生物输入为主的老龙洞中的溶解态正构烷烃在含量和组分的稳定性方面均大于以微生物和微生物、植物混合输入为主的姜家泉. | 廖昱 孙玉川 沈立成 梁作兵 王尊波 | 2016 | 环境科学2016，37，10： | 3 |
| 8 | 生物标志化合物在环境载体中的研究及进展显示文摘生物标志物作为地质时期生物体的'遗迹',是研究古生物(植被)与古环境的良好指标。生物标志物保存于各种自然载体中,能够用于揭示十年、百年、千年、万年以上等不同尺度的古生物与古环境变化过程。综述了近年来生物标志物在湖相沉积物、海相沉积、土壤、沼泽和泥炭沉积物、黄土-古土壤地层、雪冰、气溶胶、洞穴堆积物的最新研究进展,总结了生物标志物在生态及环境变化研究方面应用的主要成果、存在的基本问题,显示出生物标志化合物在这些领域的巨大活力和应用前景,并通过分析指出生物标志化合物在未来定量化环境参数研究方面的发展趋势。 | 杨明生 张虎才 李斌 | 2010 | 南昌大学学报(工科版)2010，32，3： | 2 |
| 9 | Environmental Evolution of the South Margin of Qaidam Basin Reconstructed from the Holocene Loess Deposit by n-Alkane and Pollen Records显示文摘This study provides the n-alkane and pollen records of the Holocene loess at Balong (巴隆) Town,Dulan (都兰) County,Qinghai (青海) Province,and the environmental changes reconstructed from both records agreed well.Three stages of past climate change were deciphered by variations of the n-alkane and pollen proxies.Before 5 370 a BP,the climate was warm-dry but slightly humid,corresponding to the Mid-Holocene climatic optimum;5 370-3 830 a BP,the climate changed alternatively between warm-dry slightly humid and warm-dry,indicating the transition from the Mid-Holocene climatic optimum to the Late Holocene cold period;after 3 830 a BP,the climate was mainly warm-dry.The warm cool and extremely dry climate during 3 040-2 600 a BP was recorded by both the nalkane and pollen proxies,suggesting the environment evolved into desert or salt lake,in accordance with the cold and highly frequent natural disaster period in the Western Zhou Dynasty (ca.2 996-2 721 a BP) in China. | 向树元 曾方明 王国灿 喻建新 | 2013 | Journal of Earth Science2013，24，2： | 2 |
| 10 | Methoxy n-fatty acids in surface soils from the Gongga and Kunlun Mountains:Ecological implications显示文摘GC-MS characteristics of surface soil samples from the eastern and northern Tibetan Plateau provide tentative identification of 8(-14)-Methoxy hexadecanoic acid(iME-16:0)and 9(-17)-methoxy octadecanoic acid(iME-18:0).Sixty surface soil samples were collected from the eastern slope of Gongga Mountain,at elevations ranging from~1230 to 4500 m(eastern Tibetan Plateau),and from the northern slope of West Kunlun Mountains,ranging from~1300 to 5500 m(northern Tibetan Plateau).This study also analyzed the methoxy n-fatty acids(MFAs)of Gongga Mountain tree leaves from six common living species,at the elevation of 2900-4200 m.MFAs dominate these samples,with more centrally located methoxy groups eluting earlier than those with methoxy groups located closer to the end of the main carbon chain.MFAs occur prominently in most of the Gongga Mountain soil samples(and from six tree samples)from dominantly coniferous and deciduous broadleaved forests.Other than in two narrow vegetation zones between 4000-4350 m and 2900-3300 m,no MFAs were found in 19 Kunlun Mountains soil samples from areas covered mainly with montane desert and alpine desert steppe vegetation.Based on the inventory of plants and soils from which MFAs have been isolated,we conclude that the MFAs most probably originate from specific woody plants.If we can exclude some particular grasses as sources,MFAs may be specific woody plants-derived biomarkers;thus they would serve as an important additional proxy for comprehensive and precise ecological reconstructions. | BAI Yan FANG XiaoMin NIE JunSheng MENG QiangXiang CHI YunPing | 2010 | Chinese Science Bulletin2010，55，21： | 0 |
| 11 | 利用放射性同位素氢-3测定水体环境微生物生物量碳周转速率显示文摘微生物通过参与生物地球化学循环物质循环、污染物的降解转化等过程对维持河流生态环境的稳定起着主导作用。利用放射性同位素示踪复杂环境中微生物生物量的周转速率,能更直接地揭示原位环境中微生物的活性,其可作为水体微生物营养物质代谢和有机污染物降解速率的潜在指标。作者重点探讨了以3H-亮氨酸为基础的同位素示踪法测定水体环境微生物生物量碳周转速率的技术原理和应用。以嘉陵江(南充市段)为研究对象,结果表明:(1)该河段不同采样点处表层水样中微生物生物量碳周转速率有显著差异(577.89~2091.70 n M C L-1d-1),城市支流西河显著高于嘉陵江干流,可能由于此处较高的生活污水污染的影响所致。(2)相关性分析表明嘉陵江(南充市段)表层水样中的微生物生物量碳周转速率与水样中铵态氮浓度和微生物丰度成显著正相关(P<0.05),与水样中硝态氮浓度成显著负相关(P<0.05)。本文为同位素介导的水体环境微生物代谢活性测定提供了快速高效的方法参考。 | 路璐 | 2018 | 西华师范大学学报(自然科学版)2018，39，2： | 0 |
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