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| 1 | 末次冰消期亚洲季风强度变化的黄土高原西部万象洞石笋灰度记录显示文摘基于对石笋扫描图像灰度值的提取和10个^(230)Th年代数据,建立了末次冰消期万象洞石笋灰度变化时间序列。在17.6~12.8kaB P.期间,石笋灰度值在千年-亚千年尺度上呈现出明显的9次增大(峰)和9次减小(谷)交替变化的特征。对比分析发现,万象洞石笋灰度与密度指数在高频变化上呈显著的负相关关系,石笋灰度值的减小对应于密度的增大和葫芦洞石笋δ^(18)O值的偏正,指示在末次冰消期期间石笋灰度与密度的变化同时记录了亚洲季风强度的变化。季风的强烈衰退导致环境温度突然降低,洞穴滴水碳酸氢钙过饱和度的升高,形成晶型规则且排列整齐的方解石晶体,使得石笋透光性增强而反射光能力降低,灰度值减小;反之亦然。Heinrich-1冷旋回期间,万象洞石笋灰度值的逐渐增大与季风强烈衰退造成降水减少和植被恶化使得杂质含量增加有关。同时末次冰消期万象洞石笋灰度记录的千年-亚千年尺度上亚洲季风强度的变化与高北纬气候存在密切的联系。 | 张德忠 白益军 桑文翠 张平中 程海 | 2011 | 第四纪研究2011，31，5： | 23 |
| 2 | 海洋酸化对珊瑚礁生态系统的影响研究进展显示文摘目前,大气CO2浓度的升高已导致海水pH值比工业革命前下降了约0.1,海水碳酸盐平衡体系随之变化,进而影响珊瑚礁生态系统的健康。近年来的研究表明海洋酸化导致造礁石珊瑚幼体补充和群落恢复更加困难,造礁石珊瑚和其它造礁生物(Reef-building organisms)钙化率降低甚至溶解,乃至影响珊瑚礁鱼类的生命活动。虽然海洋酸化对造礁石珊瑚光合作用的影响不显著,但珊瑚-虫黄藻共生体系会受到一定影响。建议选择典型海区进行长期系统监测,结合室内与原位模拟试验,从个体、种群、群落到系统不同层面,运用生理学和分子生物学技术,结合生态学研究手段,综合研究珊瑚的相应响应,以期深入认识海洋酸化对珊瑚礁生态系统健康(例如珊瑚白化)的影响及其效应。 | 张成龙 黄晖 黄良民 刘胜 | 2012 | 生态学报2012，32，5： | 21 |
| 3 | 中国海洋酸化及生态效应的研究进展显示文摘[海洋吸收大气CO2会导致海洋酸化1-5],影响海洋生物的生长、繁殖和代谢等过程,最终影响海洋生态系统平衡及其对人类的服务功能[6]。此外,由上升流或富营养化导致的近海酸化进程要远快于大洋,对生物会造成更大的环境胁迫[7]。因此,海洋酸化已成为继全球变化和环境污染后严重影响和威胁人类社会发展的第三大环境问题[8]。由于缺乏海洋酸化及其生态效应的观测研究, | 徐雪梅 吴金浩 刘鹏飞 | 2016 | 水产科学2016，35，6： | 6 |
| 4 | Two centuries-long records of skeletal calcification in massive Porites colonies from Meiji Reef in the southern South China Sea and its responses to atmospheric CO_2 and seawater temperature显示文摘 | SHI Qi YU KeFu CHEN TianRan ZHANG HuiLing ZHAO MeiXia YAN HongQiang | 2012 | Science China Earth Sciences2012，55，1： | 6 |
| 5 | The Interdecadal Changes of South Pacific Sea Surface Temperature in the Mid-1990s and Their Connections with ENSO显示文摘The characteristic changes of South Pacific sea surface temperature anomalies(SSTAs) for the period January 1979 to December 2011, during which the 1990s Pacific pan-decadal variability(PDV) interdecadal regime shifts occurred, were examined. Empirical Orthogonal Function(EOF) analysis was applied to the monthly mean SSTA for two sub-periods: January 1979 to December 1994(P1) and January 1996 to December 2011(P2). Both the spatial and temporal features of the leading EOF mode for P1 and P2 showed a remarkable difference. The spatial structure of the leading EOF changed from a tripolar pattern for P1(EOF-P1) to a dipole-like pattern for P2(EOF-P2). Besides, EOF-P1(EOF-P2) had significant spectral peaks at 4.6 yr(2.7 yr). EOF-P2 not only had a closer association with El Nin o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO), but also showed a faster response to ENSO than EOF-P1 based on their lead-lag relationships with ENSO. During the development of ENSO, the South Pacific SSTA associated with ENSO for both P1 and P2 showed a significant eastward propagation. However, after the peak of ENSO, EOF-P1 showed a stronger persistence than EOF-P2, which still showed eastward propagation. The variability of the SSTA associated with the whole process of ENSO evolution during P1 and the SSTA associated with the development of ENSO during P2 support the existence of ocean-to-atmosphere forcing, but the SSTA associated with the decay of ENSO shows the phenomenon of atmosphere-to-ocean forcing. | LI Gang LI Chongyin TAN Yanke BAI Tao | 2014 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2014，31，1： | 5 |
| 6 | Experimental measurement of growth patterns on fossil corals:Secular variation in ancient Earth-Sun distances显示文摘In recent years,much attention has been given to the increase in the Earth-Sun distance,with the modern rate reported as 5-15 m/cy on the basis of astronomical measurements.However,traditional methods cannot measure the ancient leaving rates,so a myriad of research attempting to provide explanations were met with unmatched magnitudes.In this paper we consider that the growth patterns on fossils could reflect the ancient Earth-Sun relationships.Through mechanical analysis of both the Earth-Sun and Earth-Moon systems,these patterns confirmed an increase in the Earth-Sun distance.With a large number of well-preserved specimens and new technology available,both the modern and ancient leaving rates could be measured with high precision,and it was found that the Earth has been leaving the Sun over the past 0.53 billion years.The Earth's semi-major axis was 146 million kilometers at the beginning of the Phanerozoic Eon,equating to 97.6% of its current value.Measured modern leaving rates are 5-14 m/cy,whereas the ancient rates were much higher.Experimental results indicate a special expansion with an average expansion coefficient of 0.57H0 and deceleration in the form of Hubble drag.On the basis of experimental results,the Earth's semi-major axis could be represented by a simple formula that matches fossil measurements. | ZHANG WeiJia1,3,4,LI ZhengBin2,3 & LEI Yang1 1 Department of Physics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China 2 Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China 3 State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems & Networks,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China 4 Committee of Yuanpei Honors Program,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China | 2010 | Chinese Science Bulletin2010，55，35： | 3 |
| 7 | 海水酸化对鹿角珊瑚光谱特性影响的分析显示文摘海水酸化造成全球珊瑚礁严重退化, 应用卫星遥感手段可以快速地对珊瑚礁进行监测.在野外做酸度对比实验具有条件不易控制、周期长等局限性.文章提出一种室内测量珊瑚光谱的方法, 通过比较不同酸度梯度下珊瑚光谱的变化, 为研究海水酸化对珊瑚的影响提供了一种新的思路.试验采用7.6、7.9 和8.1 的酸度梯度, 结果表明: 在pH 为8.1和7.9 环境条件下, 珊瑚的光谱趋势大体一致, 总体上珊瑚光谱波峰出现了向长波方向的红移.但是在pH 为7.6 的条件下, 珊瑚的光谱在650-700nm 之间出现一个反常的吸收谷, 这是由于pH 7.6 的酸度条件适宜一些藻类生长, 藻类附着在珊瑚表面, 从而影响了其光谱特性. | 刘素敏 杨顶田 | 2014 | 热带海洋学报2014，33，6： | 0 |
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