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| 1 | 煤成气及鉴别理论研究进展显示文摘煤系成烃理论形成经历了3个阶段:20世纪40年代发现煤能生气并可成藏,但未关注成油,创立了纯朴的煤成气理论;60年代发现煤中壳质组成油贡献大,可形成煤成油田,产生煤成油理论,但未关注成烃中的油气比例;70年代中国学者发现煤系成烃以气为主以油为辅,创立了完整的煤成气理论.煤系成烃以气为主以油为辅的根据:一是8个煤种中都发现有成气作用产物的气孔;二是煤的原始物质是由生气为主、低H/C原子值的纤维素和木质素组成;三是化学结构上煤以利于生气的甲基和缩合芳环为主;四是从泥炭至无烟煤热模拟实验获得大量气346~422 m3/t,只有少量轻质油.以往天然气类型鉴别以气相组分为主,现在把鉴别指标发展为气液固(干酪根)三相,扩大了鉴别范畴.从碳同位素、轻烃和生物标志物三方面,综合研制了鉴别煤成气和油型气的26个指标,还研编了若干鉴别图版和δ^(13)C-Ro关系式,提高了天然气鉴别可信度.煤成气理论开辟了天然气勘探新领域,使指导勘探天然气理论从'一元论'(油型气)发展为'两元论'(煤成气和油型气),为中国天然气工业快速发展提供了理论依据.2016年中国天然气和煤成气储量、产量与煤成气理论出现之前的1978年相比,分别提高了52,408,10和216.6倍,使中国从贫气国变为世界第6产气大国. | 戴金星 | 2018 | 科学通报2018，63，14： | 58 |
| 2 | 中国天然气水合物气的成因类型显示文摘基于中国祁连山冻土带、南海北部珠江口盆地、台西南盆地的陆坡等天然气水合物样品资料,进行了天然气水合物气的成因类型分析。研究结果表明,祁连山木里地区中侏罗统江仓组发现的天然气水合物气主要是油型气,为自生自储型,δ^(13)C_1值为-52.7‰^-35.8‰,δ^(13)C_2值为-42.3‰^-29.4‰;还发现了少量煤成气,气源岩可能主要为中侏罗统木里组含煤地层,δ^(13)C_1值为-35.7‰^-31.3‰,δ^(13)C_2值为-27.5‰^-25.7‰。南海珠江口盆地与台西南盆地天然气水合物气主要是CO_2还原型生物气,δ^(13)C_1值为-74.3‰^-56.7‰,δD1值为-226‰^-180‰;还发现热成因气遗迹,δ^(13)C_1值为-54.1‰^-46.2‰。综合国内外20个地区(盆地)相关天然气水合物气地球化学资料,提出世界天然气水合物热成因气既有油型气也有煤成气,以油型气为主,在中国祁连山和加拿大温哥华岛附近识别出了少量煤成气,煤成气δ^(13)C_1值重即大于等于-45‰,δ^(13)C_2值大于-28‰;油型气δ^(13)C_1值为-53‰^-35‰,δ^(13)C_2值小于-28.5‰。世界天然气水合物气主要是生物成因气,并以CO_2还原型生物气为主,仅在俄罗斯贝加尔湖盆地发现乙酸发酵型生物气。CO_2还原型生物气δD1值重即大于等于-226‰,乙酸发酵型生物气δD1值轻即小于-294‰。世界天然气水合物的生物气δ^(13)C_1值最重的为-56.7‰,最轻的为-95.5‰,其中-75‰^-60‰是高频段。世界天然气水合物气δ^(13)C_1值最重为-31.3‰,最轻的为-95.5‰;δD_1值最重的为-115‰,最轻的为-305‰。 | 戴金星 倪云燕 黄士鹏 彭威龙 韩文学 龚德瑜 魏伟 | 2017 | 石油勘探与开发2017，44，6： | 27 |
| 3 | 鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区下古生界天然气成藏过程和机理显示文摘延安地区下古生界碳酸盐岩主体位于古岩溶斜坡,勘探证实含气性良好,但天然气的成藏过程和机理研究相对薄弱。主要采用盆地数值模拟技术,恢复出关键地质时期的古流体动力特征,分析天然气运移方向,总结上、下古生界输导体系的配置关系,根据马家沟组微观流体活动记录,如包裹体的均一温度、盐度反映的成岩环境和活动期次,及与上古生界储层的对比,探讨了下古生界天然气的成藏过程和机理。研究认为,下古生界天然气主要来自上古生界。三叠纪末,山西组发生第一期油气充注,因规模较小且向下运移动力不足,未能在马家沟组充注。中、晚侏罗世,山西组发生第二期油气充注,在向下运移动力的驱动下,沿着砂体-裂缝输导体向下运移到风化壳,由古沟槽处和岩溶高地铝土岩缺失部位进入马家沟组,在储集性能较好的古地貌构造高点以及沟槽附近聚集成藏。早白垩世,上古生界烃源岩进入生、排烃高峰期,山西组发生第三期油气充注,是天然气向下运移的主要时期,除在第二期油气充注的区域外,在东部酸性流体活动形成的次生孔隙中也可聚集成藏。晚白垩世,烃源岩生气能力降低,天然气进入运聚调整阶段。总体上,延安地区西部、中部,因长期接受上古生界天然气的运移而发生充注,并在马家沟组内发生侧向运移,容易形成较大规模聚集。 | 王震亮 魏丽 王香增 王念喜 范昌育 李彦婧 赵雪娇 赵晓东 任来义 曹红霞 | 2016 | 石油学报2016，36，B11： | 13 |
| 4 | 微生物氧化作用对有机烷烃气碳同位素的影响显示文摘微生物对烷烃气的氧化作用可分为有氧氧化作用和厌氧氧化作用两种类型,均可导致烷烃气组分碳同位素值变重。微生物对烷烃气组分的氧化具有优选性,一般而言丙烷优先于乙烷、正构烷烃优先于异构烷烃被氧化,并得到热力学及厌氧环境中微生物培养实验两方面的证实。微生物氧化作用的优选性导致碳同位素系列发生部分倒转,但烷烃气组分含量并不一定发生倒转。但在某些氧化环境中,也存在乙烷优先于丙烷氧化的现象,这说明微生物在有氧环境中降解烷烃气的机理不同于厌氧环境,或者是微生物种类的不同导致烷烃气组分发生氧化的优先次序发生了变化。 | 陶小晚 李明 张欣欣 田翰 | 2014 | 中国石油勘探2014，19，3： | 5 |
| 5 | New equation to decipher the relationship between carbon isotopic composition of methane and maturity of gas source rocks显示文摘The identification of the origin and source of natural gas is always a difficult and hot issue.Hereinto,the maturity identification is one of the most important scientific problems.Many empirical equations have been established to decipher the relationship between the maturity of gas source rocks and the carbon isotopic composition of natural gas.However,these equations proposed often fail to identify the maturity of the source rocks correctly,which in turn prevents the identification of genetic types and source rocks of the natural gas because the petroliferous sedimentary basins in China are complex and diverse,with multiple sets of source rocks and different thermal history.In this paper,the oil-associated gas from the Permian lacustrine source rocks and the coal-derived gas from the Jurassic source rocks in Junggar and Turpan-Hami basins have been investigated to decipher the relationship between the maturity(vitrinite reflectance)of gas source rocks and the carbon isotopic composition of methane.The equations established areδ^(13)C_(1)=25lgR_(o)-42.5 for oil-associated gas,andδ^(13)C_(1)=25lgR_(o)-37.5 for coal-derived gas.These new equations are suitable for the maturity identification of source rocks in most petroliferous basins,and favorable for the identification of the genetic type and source of natural gas,which is very important to improve the geological theory of natural gas. | Jianping CHEN Xulong WANG Jianfa CHEN Yunyan NI Baoli XIANG Fengrong LIAO Wenjun HE Limiao YAO Erting LI | 2021 | Science China Earth Sciences2021，64，3： | 1 |
| 6 | The significance of coal-derived gas in major gas producing countries显示文摘The core of coal-derived gas theory is that coal measure is the gas source, and the hydrocarbon generation of coal measure is dominated by gas and supplemented by oil, so discoveries in related basins are dominated by gas fields. Discovering and developing giant gas fields, especially those super giant gas fields with recoverable reserves more than 1×10^12 m^3, plays a key role in determining whether a country can be a major gas producing country with annual output over 500×10^8 m^3. The coal resource and coal-derived gas reserves are abundant and widespread in the world, and coal-derived gas makes a major contribution to the gas reserves and gas production in the world. By the end of 2017, 13 super giant coal-derived gas fields have been discovered in the world. The total initial recoverable reserves were 49.995 28×10^12 m^3, accounting for 25.8% of the total remaining recoverable reserves (193.5×10^12 m^3) in that year in the world. In 2017, there were 15 giant gas producing countries in the world, with a total gas yield of 28 567×10^8 m^3. Among them, six major coal-derived gas producing countries had a total gas yield of 11 369×10^8 m^3, accounting for 39.8% of total gas yield of major gas producing countries. The Urengoi gas field is a super giant coal-derived gas field with the most cumulative gas production in the world. By the end of 2015, the Urengoi gas field had cumulative gas production of 63 043.96×10^8 m^3, with the highest annual gas yield in the world. Its gas output was 3 300×10^8 m^3 in 1989, accounting for 41.4% and 15.7% of the gas output of Russia and the world, respectively. This study introduces the gas source rocks of the basins with super giant coal-derived gas fields in Russia, Turkmenistan, Netherlands, Mozambique and China, and their significances for these countries becoming giant gas producing countries in the world. | DAI Jinxing NI Yunyan LIAO Fengrong HONG Feng YAO Limiao | 2019 | Petroleum Exploration and Development2019，46，3： | 0 |
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