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| 1 | A Comparative Analysis of the Chloroplast Genomes of Four Salvia Medicinal Plants显示文摘Herbgenomics is an emerging field of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)research and development.By combining TCM research with genomics,herbgenomics can help to establish the scientific validity of TCM and bring it into wider usage within the field of medicine.Salvia Linn.(S.Linn.)is a large genus of Labiatae that includes important medicinal plants.In this herbgenomics study,the complete chloroplast(cp)genomes of two Salvia spp.—namely,S.przewalskii and S.bulleyana,which are used as a surrogate for S.miltiorrhiza—were sequenced and compared with those of two other reported Salvia spp.—namely,S.miltiorrhiza and S.japonica.The genome organization,gene number,type,and repeat sequences were compared.The annotation results showed that both Salvia plants contain 114 unique genes,including 80 protein-coding,30 transfer RNA(tRNA),and four ribosomal RNA(rRNA)genes.Repeat sequence analysis revealed 21 forward and 22 palindromic sequences in both Salvia cp genomes,and 17 and 21 tandem repeats in S.przewalskii and S.bulleyana,respectively.A synteny comparison of the Salvia spp.cp genomes showed a high degree of sequence similarity in the coding regions and a relatively high divergence of the intergenic spacers.Pairwise alignment and single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)analyses found some candidate fragments to identify Salvia spp.,such as the intergenic region of the trnV–ndhC,trnQ–rps16,atpI–atpH,psbA–ycf3,ycf1,rpoC2,ndhF,matK,rpoB,rpoA,and accD genes.All of the results—including the repeat sequences and SNP sites,the inverted repeat(IR)region border,and the phylogenetic analysis—showed that S.przewalskii and S.bulleyana are extremely similar from a genetic standpoint.The cp genome sequences of the two Salvia spp.reported here will pave the way for breeding,species identification,phylogenetic evolution,and cp genetic engineering studies of Salvia medicinal plants. | Conglian Liang Lei Wang Juan Lei Baozhong Duan Weisi Ma Shuiming Xiao Haijun Qi Zhen Wang Yaoqi Liu Xiaofeng Shen Shuai Guo Haoyu Hu Jiang Xu Shilin Chen | 2019 | Engineering2019，5，5： | 5 |
| 2 | Rice Genomics: over the Past Two Decades and into the Future显示文摘Domestic rice(Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important cereal crops, feeding a large number of worldwide populations. Along with various high-throughput genome sequencing projects, rice genomics has been making great headway toward direct ?eld applications of basic research advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of agronomical traits and utilizing diverse germplasm resources. Here, we brie?y review its achievements over the past two decades and present the potential for its bright future. | Shuhui Song Dongmei Tian Zhang Zhang Songnian Hu Jun Yu | 2018 | Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics2018，16，6： | 4 |
| 3 | Ribogenomics: the Science and Knowledge of RNA显示文摘Ribonucleic acid(RNA) deserves not only a dedicated field of biological research –– a discipline or branch of knowledge –– but also explicit definitions of its roles in cellular processes and molecular mechanisms. Ribogenomics is to study the biology of cellular RNAs, including their origin, biogenesis, structure and function. On the informational track, messenger RNAs(mRNAs) are the major component of ribogenomes, which encode proteins and serve as one of the four major components of the translation machinery and whose expression is regulated at multiple levels by other operational RNAs. On the operational track, there are several diverse types of RNAs –– their length distribution is perhaps the most simplistic stratification –– involving in major cellular activities, such as chromosomal structure and organization, DNA replication and repair, transcriptional/ post-transcriptional regulation, RNA processing and routing, translation and cellular energy/ metabolism regulation. An all-out effort exceeding the magnitude of the Human Genome Project is of essence to construct just mammalian transcriptomes in multiple contexts including embryonic development, circadian and seasonal rhythms, defined life-span stages, pathological conditions and anatomy-driven tissue/organ/cell types. | Jiayan Wu Jingfa Xiao Zhang Zhang Xumin Wang Songnian Hu Jun Yu | 2014 | Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics2014，12，2： | 2 |
| 4 | 多维度基因组信息:起源、内涵与技术瓶颈显示文摘近年来发展起来的染色体多维结构研究很快就遇到了概念盲区和技术瓶颈,有必要在较高级的思维层次加以澄清和深入探讨.虽然生命可能起源于操作(基因组DNA以外的大小生物分子)而非信息(基因组DNA),但是当DNA被选择来承载信息后(或同时),其操作和平衡功能又分别在不同层面上(不同谱系、物种、细胞、染色质、基因)以不同程度体现出来,比如参与平衡的物质不仅包括DNA和RNA大分子也包括脱氧核苷酸、核苷酸、修饰核苷衍生物等小分子以及可识别的结构单元包括染色质区域、转座子、染色体结构元件等.正是这些物质和结构的动态变化和交叉关联构成了多维度的生命活动.这些活动的机械化学、时间空间界定及对其规律的探索和研究,构成了复杂的基因调控体系,从中衍生出由简到繁、由表及里、纵横交错的核心生物学元素和这些元素所构成的科学问题. | 于军 | 2020 | 中国科学:生命科学2020，50，5： | 1 |
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