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| 1 | 兰州城区大气PM_(2.5)污染特征及来源解析显示文摘为探究兰州城区PM_(2.5)的污染特征及其来源,分别在兰州市城关区和西固区设置PM_(2.5)采样点,于2013年10月(非采暖期)和12月(采暖期)采集样品并进行分析,得到了PM_(2.5)及其16种化学组成的质量浓度.结果表明,兰州城区PM_(2.5)污染水平较高,平均质量浓度为129μg·m^(-3).样品无机元素平均质量浓度为:S>Ca>Fe>Al>Mg>Pb>Zn>Mn>Ti>Cu,其中S、Ca、Fe、Al的质量浓度在1μg·m^(-3)以上,是主要元素组分;样品各无机元素质量浓度表现为采暖期高于非采暖期,城关区高于西固区.样品水溶性离子平均质量浓度为:SO^(2-)_4>NO^-_3>NH^+_4>Cl^->K^+>Na^+,其中SO^(2-)_4、NO^-_3、NH^+_4的质量浓度在10μg·m^(-3)以上,是主要离子组分;样品各水溶性离子质量浓度表现为采暖期高于非采暖期,西固区高于城关区.富集因子(EF)分析结果表明,元素Al、Ca、Mg、Ti的EF值均小于1以自然来源为主;元素Cu、Pb、S、Zn的EF值显著大于10,表明这4种元素在PM_(2.5)中高度富集,且主要源于人为活动造成的污染.主成分分析结果表明,交通排放源、生物质燃烧源、土壤源和二次粒子对兰州城区大气PM_(2.5)贡献显著. | 王新 聂燕 陈红 王博 黄韬 夏敦胜 | 2016 | 环境科学2016，37，5： | 66 |
| 2 | Chemical composition and source apportionment of PM10 and PM2.5 in different functional areas of Lanzhou,China显示文摘To elucidate the air pollution characteristics of northern China, airborne PM_10(atmospheric dynamic equivalent diameter ≤ 10 μm) and PM_(2.5)(atmospheric dynamic equivalent diameter ≤ 2.5 μm) were sampled in three different functional areas(Yuzhong County,Xigu District and Chengguan District) of Lanzhou, and their chemical composition(elements, ions, carbonaceous species) was analyzed. The results demonstrated that the highest seasonal mean concentrations of PM_10(369.48 μg/m^3) and PM_(2.5)(295.42 μg/m^3) were detected in Xigu District in the winter, the lowest concentration of PM_(2.5)(53.15 μg/m^3) was observed in Yuzhong District in the fall and PM_10(89.60 μg/m^3) in Xigu District in the fall.The overall average OC/EC(organic carbon/elemental carbon) value was close to the representative OC/EC ratio for coal consumption, implying that the pollution of Lanzhou could be attributed to the burning of coal. The content of SNA(the sum of sulfate, nitrate,ammonium, SNA) in PM_(2.5)in Yuzhong County was generally lower than that at other sites in all seasons. The content of SNA in PM_(2.5)and PM_10 in Yuzhong County was generally lower than that at other sites in all seasons(0.24–0.38), indicating that the conversion ratios from precursors to secondary aerosols in the low concentration area was slower than in the area with high and intense pollutants. Six primary particulate matter sources were chosen based on positive matrix factorization(PMF) analysis, and emissions from dust, secondary aerosols, and coal burning were identified to be the primary sources responsible for the particle pollution in Lanzhou. | Xionghui Qiu Lei Duan Jian Gao Shulan Wang Fahe Chai Jun Hu Jingqiao Zhang Yaru Yun | 2016 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2016，28，2： | 33 |
| 3 | 兰州市大气PM2.5中重金属的污染特征及健康风险评价显示文摘目的了解兰州市两个不同功能区大气PM2.5中重金属元素的污染水平及其对人群造成的健康风险.方法根据兰州市空气污染的区域特征和工业企业分布特征,以兰州市城关区和西固区为采样点.于2015年1月至2016年12月对两区进行PM2.5逐月连续采样,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定PM2.5中12种金属元素Sb、Al、As、Be、Cd、Cr、Hg、Pb、Mn、Ni、Se和Tl的浓度,并应用富集因子、地累积指数法分析其污染特征,采用美国环境保护署(EPA)推荐的健康风险评估模型评价其所致健康风险,以非致癌风险商(HQ)评价单种污染物的非致癌风险,HQ〈1非致癌风险较低,HQ〉1.0为存在非致癌健康风险;并评价单种污染物的致癌健康风险,10^-6~10^-4为可接受风险水平.结果采样期间兰州市城关区和西固区PM2.5浓度中位数分别为83.0、77.0μg/m^3.检测到的7种金属元素(Al、Pb、Mn、As、Sb/Cd、Tl)中,除Al、Mn元素主要受自然因素影响外,其余5种元素均为典型的人为污染元素,以Cd元素在冬季的污染程度最强(地累积指数〉5).非致癌风险均以Mn元素最高(HQ〉1),且对儿童造成的健康风险最大,城关区HQ高达2.44,西固区HQ亦达1.79.Pb、As、Sb、Cd对各类人群的非致癌风险商HQ均小于1,健康风险较小;As、Cd元素的致癌风险范围为6.33×10^-6~6.46×10^-5,介于可接受风险水平(10^-6~10^-4)之间,具有潜在的致癌风险.结论兰州市大气PM2.5及其中重金属的污染形势依然严峻,多种重金属联合作用对儿童造成的非致癌健康风险应引起高度重视,重金属As、Cd元素的致癌风险虽介于可接受风险水平10^-6~10^-4之间,但对其造成的可能致癌风险仍不可忽视. | 魏巧珍 李盛 贾清 罗斌 苏利民 刘琼 原晓蓉 王宇红 阮烨 牛静萍 | 2018 | 中华预防医学杂志2018，52，6： | 20 |
| 4 | Characteristics of the water-soluble components of aerosol particles in Hefei,China显示文摘Size-classified daily aerosol mass concentrations and concentrations of water-soluble inorganic ions were measured in Hefei,China,in four representative months between September 2012 and August 2013.An annual average mass concentration of 169.09μg/m^3 for total suspended particulate(TSP)was measured using an Andersen Mark-II cascade impactor.The seasonal average mass concentration was highest in winter(234.73μg/m^3)and lowest in summer(91.71μg/m^3).Water-soluble ions accounted for 59.49%,32.90%,48.62%and 37.08%of the aerosol mass concentration in winter,spring,summer,and fall,respectively,which indicated that ionic species were the primary constituents of the atmospheric aerosols.The four most abundant ions were NO_3^-,SO_4^(2-),Ca^(2+) and NH_4^+.With the exception of Ca^(2+),the mass concentrations of water-soluble ions were in an intermediate range compared with the levels for other Chinese cities.Sulfate,nitrate,and ammonium were the dominant fine-particle species,which were bimodally distributed in spring,summer and fall;however,the size distribution became unimodal in winter,with a peak at 1.1–2.1μm.The Ca^(2+) peak occurred at approximately 4.7–5.8μm in all seasons.The cation to anion ratio was close to 1.4,which suggested that the aerosol particles were alkalescent in Hefei.The average NO_3^-/SO_4^(2-)mass ratio was 1.10 in Hefei,which indicated that mobile source emissions were predominant.Significant positive correlation coefficients between the concentrations of NH_4^+ and SO_4^(2-),NH_4^+ and NO_3^-,SO_4^(2-)and NO_3^-,and Mg^(2+) and Ca^(2+) were also indicated,suggesting that aerosol particles may be present as(NH_4)_2SO_4,NH_4HSO_4,and NH_4NO_3. | Xue-liang Deng Chun-e Shi Bi-wen Wu Yuan-jian Yang Qi Jin Hong-lei Wang Song Zhu Caixia Yu | 2016 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2016，28，4： | 18 |
| 5 | 2014年海口市大气污染物演变特征及典型污染个例分析显示文摘主要分析了2014年海口市逐日的空气质量指数(AQI)和6种大气污染物的演变特征,同时,结合卫星遥感和轨迹模式等资料和方法对1次典型污染个例进行诊断.结果表明:海口市2014年的空气质量主要以优和良为主,6 d达到轻度污染级别,1 d达到中度污染(1月5日,AQI值为158).1月污染最为严重,其中,阶段1(1—6日)和阶段3(18—23日)AQI值偏高,阶段2(7—17日)和阶段4(24—31日)偏低.1月东亚地区天气形势演变对海口市AQI值具有动力影响.AQI偏高阶段,地面高压系统位于内蒙古东部,华南低层东北风场有利于污染物向海口市输送;而在AQI偏低阶段,地面高压系统东移出海,低层偏东风场不利于污染物的输送.后向轨迹聚类分析表明,1月海口市比率最大(39%)的气流主要经过大气污染相对严重的广东珠江三角洲(珠三角)地区,有利于污染物的区域传输.污染个例分析表明,海口市污染物浓度变化与气象要素有密切关系,10 m风速较小有助于近地面的污染物在区域内累积,水平风垂直切变偏弱对天气尺度扰动的发展和大气的垂直混合不利.卫星遥感和后向轨迹分析也表明,外源输送与海口市这次大气污染事件有直接关系. | 符传博 唐家翔 丹利 薛羽君 | 2016 | 环境科学学报2016，36，6： | 17 |
| 6 | 基于PCA-MLR模型的兰州市大气PM_(2.5)污染来源解析显示文摘目的了解兰州市不同功能区大气PM_(2.5)的污染来源及贡献率。方法选取兰州市经济中心城关区和核心工业区西固区进行PM_(2.5)样品采集,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法、离子色谱法、高效液相色谱法分别检测PM_(2.5)中的金属元素、水溶性离子及PAHs浓度,结合PCA-MLR模型探讨其来源及贡献率。结果两区均以燃煤/交通混合污染源对PM_(2.5)浓度的贡献最大。城关区的主要污染源为燃煤/交通混合污染源、土壤扬尘及生物质燃烧源,其贡献率分别为52%、35%、13%;西固区除燃煤/交通混合污染源(38%)、土壤扬尘(24%)占较大部分外,工业污染源、工业/燃煤混合污染源及二次污染源也占有一定的比例(38%)。结论兰州市城关区和西固区PM_(2.5)的最大污染来源均为燃煤/交通混合污染源。 | 魏巧珍 王宇红 李盛 罗斌 贾清 余加琳 赵红 原晓蓉 牛静萍 | 2017 | 环境卫生学杂志2017，7，4： | 6 |
| 7 | 哈尔滨市城区大气PM2.5污染特征及来源解析研究显示文摘为探究哈尔滨城区PM2.5的污染特征及其来源,在哈尔滨市香坊区于2019年9月(非采暖期)和12月(采暖期)采集样品并进一步分析,得到了PM2.5及其16种化学组成的质量浓度。结果显示,哈尔滨城区PM2.5平均质量浓度为141μg/m^3,整体污染水平较高。无机元素中S、Ca、Fe、Al的质量浓度均在1μg/m^3以上;采暖期样品的无机元素质量浓度均高于非采暖期的样品。样品水溶性离子中SO4^2-、NO3^-、NH4^+的质量浓度在10μg/m^3以上;采暖期样品各水溶性离子质量浓度均高于非采暖期。富集因子(EF)分析结果表明,元素Al、Ca、Mg、Ti以自然来源为主;其中EF值大于10的元素有Cu、Pb、S、Zn等,表明PM2.5中高度富集了上述四种元素,此污染是人为活动造成的。经主成分分析表明,交通排放源、生物质燃烧源、土壤源和二次粒子对哈尔滨城区大气PM2.5贡献显著。 | 张理博 孙鹏 罗淑年 | 2020 | 环境科学与管理2020，45，3： | 2 |
| 8 | MARGA在线水溶性离子监测系统常见故障及解决方法显示文摘MARGA在线气体和气溶胶水溶性离子监测系统具有采样周期短、时间分辨率高的特点,可为研究大气颗粒物污染问题提供大量连续有效的监测数据.针对MARGA系统连续运行中出现的常见故障,分析其故障原因并提出相应的解决办法和预防措施.同时对其运行维护和质量控制工作提出相关建议. | 刘军 母应锋 刘晨 | 2020 | 现代科学仪器2020，，2： | 0 |
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