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| 1 | Abscisic acid dynamics, signaling, and functions in plants显示文摘Abscisic acid(ABA)is an important phytohormone regulating plant growth,development,and stress responses.It has an essential role in multiple physiological processes of plants,such as stomatal closure,cuticular wax accumulation,leaf senescence,bud dormancy,seed germination,osmotic regulation,and growth inhibition among many others.Abscisic acid controls downstream responses to abiotic and biotic environmental changes through both transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms.During the past 20 years,ABA biosynthesis and many of its signaling pathways have been well characterized.Here we review the dynamics of ABA metabolic pools and signaling that affects many of its physiological functions. | Kong Chen Guo-Jun Li Ray ABressan Chun-Peng Song Jian-Kang Zhu Yang Zhao | 2020 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2020，62，1： | 46 |
| 2 | 植物叶色形成调控机制研究进展显示文摘彩叶植物具有色彩鲜艳、观赏期长等特点,有助于提高城市绿化的观赏性。叶绿素、类胡萝卜素和花青素等天然色素的含量变化使叶片产生绿色、黄色、白色和紫红色等颜色,3种色素在光反应、响应生物和非生物胁迫中发挥重要作用。本文对影响叶绿素、类胡萝卜素和花青素生物合成途径遗传调控和外部环境因子综述,为解释叶片呈色机制提供理论基础。现有研究表明,光(光周期、光照强度及光质)、温度、干旱和盐等环境因子及激素变化均会刺激HY5、PIFs、DELLA等转录因子和结构基因转录,同时甲基化、乙酰化等染色质修饰和miRNAs、lncRNAs等转录后表观遗传修饰也会直接或间接调控3种色素生物合成途径基因的表达。虽然目前3种色素生物合成途径已较清晰,但有关彩叶林木3种色素代谢与环境信号、体内激素的具体调控模式仍有待进一步研究。未来可构建彩叶植物杂交群体和种质资源库,并利用基因组、转录组、蛋白组、代谢组和表型组等多组学技术为创制彩叶新种质提供可能。 | 张磊 曹德美 胡建军 | 2021 | 植物遗传资源学报2021，22，2： | 14 |
| 3 | Arabidopsis ABF3 and ABF4 Transcription Factors Act with the NF-YC Complex to Regulate SOC1 Expression and Mediate Drought-Accelerated Flowering显示文摘The drought-escape response accelerates flowering in response to drought stress, allowing plants to adaptively shorten their life cycles. Abscisic acid (ABA) mediates plant responses to drought, but the role of ABA-responsive element (ABRE)-binding factors (ABFs) in the drought-escape response is poorly understood. Here, we show that Arabidopsis thaliana ABF3 and ABF4 regulate flowering in response to drought through transcriptional regulation of the floral integrator SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1 (SOC1). The abf3 abf4 mutant displayed ABA-insensitive late flowering under long-day conditions. Ectopic expression of ABF3 or ABF4 in the vasculature, but not in the shoot apex, induced early flowering, whereas expression of ABF3 fused with the SRDX transcript!onal repressor domain delayed flowering. We identified SOC1 as a direct downstream target of ABF3/4, and found that SOC1 mRNA levels were lower in abf3 abf4 than in wild-type plants. Moreover, induction of SOC1 by ABA was hampered in abf3 abf4 mutants. ABF3 and ABF4 were enriched at the -1028- to -657-bp region of the SOC1 promoter, which does not contain canonical ABF-ABRE-binding motifs but has the NF-Y binding element. We found that ABF3 and ABF4 interact with nuclear factor Y subunit C (NF-YC) 3/4/9 in vitro and in planta, and induction of SOC1 by ABA was hampered in nf-yc3 yc4 yc9 mutants. Interestingly, the abf3 abf4, nf-yc3 yc4 yc9, and sod mutants displayed a reduced drought-escape response. Taken together, these results suggest that ABF3 and ABF4 act with NF-YCs to promote flowering by inducing SOC1 transcription under drought conditions . This mechanism might contribute to adaptation by enabling plants to complete their life cycles under drought stress. | Keumbi Hwang Hendry Susila Zeeshan Nasim Ji-Yul Jung Ji Hoon Ahn | 2019 | Molecular Plant2019，12，4： | 12 |
| 4 | 玉米叶片叶绿素含量的全基因组关联性分析显示文摘植物叶片的叶绿素含量与叶片的光合作用效率和产量潜力紧密相关,因此是作物的一个重要生理指标。但是,目前已克隆的控制叶绿素含量的基因大多来自拟南芥和水稻,尚不清楚玉米自然群体中哪些基因控制叶片叶绿素含量的变异。本研究发现玉米苗期第一片叶片的叶绿素含量和吐丝期穗位叶的叶绿素含量高度相关,且与后者相比具有更高的遗传力。进一步分析了287份玉米自交系的第一片叶的叶绿素含量,利用558 269个单核苷酸多态性分子标记进行全基因组关联性分析,获得9个显著关联SNP位点和16个候选基因。通过候选基因的序列分析和功能预测,发现两个可能和叶绿素含量相关的基因,包括拟南芥Tic22基因的同源基因和水稻衰老相关基因SAG12的同源基因。 | 滕守振 汪海 梁海生 辛红佳 李圣彦 郎志宏 | 2017 | 生物技术通报2017，33，4： | 8 |
| 5 | 葡萄采后贮藏过程中穗梗褐变的研究进展显示文摘鲜食葡萄采后在贮藏过程中,易发生穗梗褐变现象,严重影响葡萄的外观品质和经济价值。本文探索了国内外葡萄穗梗褐变的研究概况、主要影响因素和抑制方法,以期为葡萄采后保鲜提供理论依据。 | 李志谦 李靖雯 邹东方 黄莹莹 叶霞 冯建灿 | 2021 | 河南农业大学学报2021，55，5： | 7 |
| 6 | 脱落酸处理对苹果成熟、乙烯合成及其信号转导基因表达的影响显示文摘为研究脱落酸(abscisic acid,ABA)对苹果果实采后成熟、乙烯合成及其信号转导基因表达的影响,本实验以‘Granny Smith’苹果果实为实验材料,将其进行外源ABA处理后置于20℃贮藏(以无菌水处理为对照),测定贮藏过程中的硬度、可滴定酸质量分数、纤维素酶活力、果胶甲酯酶活力、叶绿素含量、内源ABA含量、乙烯产生速率及乙烯生物合成基因(ACO1、ACO_(2)、ACS1、ACS3)、苹果乙烯信号转导基因(ERS1、ERS2、ETR2、ERF3、ERF4、ERF5)的表达量。结果表明,与对照组相比,ABA处理能降低苹果果实贮藏过程中的硬度和可滴定酸质量分数,提高果实中的纤维素酶和果胶甲酯酶活性,促进叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素含量降低。定量聚合酶链式反应分析结果表明,与对照组相比,ABA处理能够显著提高苹果乙烯生物合成基因的表达量(P<0.05)。同时,参与苹果乙烯信号转导的ERS2、ETR2和ERF3、ERF4、ERF5表达量随着果实采后成熟明显增加,并且ABA处理组果实中的表达量总体显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。综上,外源ABA处理能够促进苹果内源ABA的合成,提高苹果乙烯生物合基因和信号转导基因的表达,促进苹果内源乙烯合成和乙烯信号的转导,加快苹果果实的采后成熟进程。 | 戚英伟 刘悬烁 丁毓端 姜永华 张玉洁 刘佳 蒋紫洮 任小林 | 2021 | 食品科学2021，42，17： | 4 |
| 7 | 茶树新梢内源激素与叶片色泽形成的调控关系研究显示文摘以3个紫化茶树品种(系)(紫福星1号、紫娟、红叶1号)、2个绿叶品种(肉桂、福鼎大白茶)以及1个白化品系(白鸡冠)为供试材料,对主要呈色物质(花青素、叶绿素、类胡萝卜素)以及三类植物激素[脱落酸(ABA)、茉莉酸(JA)、水杨酸(SA)]的含量进行检测。结果表明,紫化茶树品种的花青素和ABA含量普遍较高,两者呈极显著正相关;ABA与叶绿素、类胡萝卜素则呈显著负相关。通过分析紫化茶树不同叶位的ABA与花青素含量,结合两者相关基因在不同叶色茶树叶片中的表达情况显示,ABA对茶树花青素合成起促进作用。 | 高晨曦 黄艳 李晶 孙悦 陈志恒 林琳 陈志丹 孙威江 钟雷 | 2021 | 茶叶科学2021，41，6： | 3 |
| 8 | 梨叶片黄化复绿过程中bHLH转录因子的表达分析显示文摘为探究bHLH转录因子在梨叶缺铁黄化复绿过程中的表达特性,筛选响应该过程的关键bHLH基因,为改良梨品种抗缺铁能力提供理论依据。该试验以‘砀山酥梨’(Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.)正常植株和黄化植株为试材,于生长期对黄化植株叶面喷施0.2%FeSO_(4)(2 g/L FeSO_(4))溶液,以清水处理正常植株(N)和黄化植株(C)为对照,取N、C的叶片和幼嫩根毛,以及处理3、6、9和12 d的黄化植株叶片进行转录组学分析,筛选其内差异表达的bHLH基因;采用荧光定量PCR技术,分析叶片和根系中bHLH基因的表达情况、生物学特性以及与叶内Fe^(2+)含量的相关性。结果表明:(1)转录组数据显示,于N、C和FeSO_(4)处理后不同时期黄化叶内共计获得21个表达差异显著的bHLH基因,涉及6个亚族,其motif数1~10不等。(2)qRT-PCR结果显示,C叶内10个基因(PbrbHLH7/29/41/104/119/122/128/155/183/191)的表达量均显著高于N叶内相应基因的表达量,FeSO_(4)处理后其各时期表达量均较C显著下调;而C叶内9个基因(PbrbHLH15/46/53/69/78/89/115/137/144)的表达量均显著低于N叶内相应基因的表达量,FeSO_(4)处理后其各时期表达量均较C显著上调。(3)根与地上部叶的表达水平差异相一致,C根内PbrbHLH29/41/119/128/155/183/191这7个基因的表达量显著高于N根内相应基因的表达量,而C根内PbrbHLH53/89的表达量显著低于N根内相应基因的表达量。(4)相关分析显示,FeSO_(4)溶液处理后各时期内叶片中Fe^(2+)含量与PbrbHLH41表达量呈显著负相关关系,而与PbrbHLH78呈显著正相关关系。研究认为,外源FeSO_(4)处理所调控的梨缺铁黄化叶复绿可能与其所导致的梨叶片样中bHLHs表达量协同变化密切相关;PbrbHLH41/78可能在该过程中发挥着至关重要而拮抗的调控作用,可作为研究梨缺铁黄化复绿机理的候选基因。 | 张舒琴 张海燕 于淼 胡小妹 邢杨天 刘伦 | 2022 | 西北植物学报2022，42，9： | 2 |
| 9 | 叶绿素降解过程中SGRs蛋白表达调控和功能分析的研究进展显示文摘虽然叶绿素(Chl)的降解过程和6种Chl降解酶(CCEs)现在都已有深入了解,但在拟南芥中发现滞绿基因(SGRs)对植物衰老起关键调控作用。SGRs蛋白的同系物SGR1和SGRL过表达促进Chl降解,而SGR2起反作用,从而实现Chl代谢的平衡。最新研究表明在拟南芥中发现SGRs编码脱镁螯合酶(MCS),能嵌入到Chl-蛋白酶复合体中提取Mg^(2+),具有酶的活性。这项研究打破了原有的脱Mg^(2+)过程是由小分子物质酸性条件自发进行的观点。另外,对于SGRs表达调控的研究也取得了一定进展。研究发现SGRs蛋白的表达能被ABA触发,而ABIs转录因子是ABA信号转导的效应器。因此ABIs能结合在SGRs启动子上的ABA响应元件,进而调控SGRs蛋白的表达,对Chl的降解起关键作用。 | 孙晨瑜 吕巍 | 2019 | 分子植物育种2019，17，9： | 2 |
| 10 | 陆地棉转录因子GhNAC7的克隆及功能分析显示文摘【目的】从陆地棉中克隆GhNAC7,分析其结构和功能,研究其在棉花不同组织中以及叶片不同发育时期的表达量。并转入拟南芥进一步探究其在棉花叶片衰老过程中的作用。【方法】利用中国农业科学院棉花研究所棉花生物学国家重点实验室建立的棉花衰老叶片cDNA文库中的序列,获得1个含有NAM结构域的EST,使用Oligo6.71设计引物,重新在陆地棉叶片cDNA中进行克隆。使用Gene Structure Display Server软件分析GhNAC7结构,使用在线工具Plant CARE分析启动子序列,利用在线工具Gen Scan进行氨基酸序列翻译。同时,利用拟南芥基因组数据库(TAIR)进行序列比对,选取得分较高的NAC家族基因,使用MEGA 6.06软件和Gene Doc软件进行进化树分析和氨基酸比对。以XbaⅠ和SacⅠ为酶切位点构建35S::GhNAC7-GFP融合表达载体,分析其在洋葱表皮细胞中的瞬时表达,进行亚细胞定位。利用实时荧光定量PCR技术分析GhNAC7在棉花不同组织、不同叶片发育时期以及在200μmol·L^(-1) ABA调控下的表达量。通过构建p GhNAC7-GUS融合表达载体并转拟南芥,分析其启动子特异性。以Eco RⅠ和SalⅠ为酶切位点,利用p BI101和p BI121载体,分别构建融合表达载体并转拟南芥进行过表达分析。【结果】从陆地棉中成功克隆GhNAC7,其全长为1 064 bp,包含3个外显子,2个内含子。生物信息学分析结果表明,GhNAC7开放阅读框为834 bp,可编码277个氨基酸,其蛋白质分子量为31.35 k D,等电点为9.22。结构域分析表明其属于NAC转录因子的NAM亚家族,进化树分析显示GhNAC7与ANAC041、ANAC083同源性最高,其中,GhNAC7与ANAC083结构域位置均为17—58 aa。其启动子核心元件包含一系列与衰老、激素、胁迫相关的顺式作用元件。亚细胞定位表明其蛋白为核蛋白。组织特异性表明GhNAC7在真叶、子叶、花、花药和衰老真叶中均明显表达,其中在衰老的真叶中表达量最高。启动子特异性分析表明,其GUS活性在衰老的叶片中最强。在拟南芥中过表达该基因,转基因植株比野生型表现出明显的衰老症状。荧光定量PCR分析表明,ABA处理后6 h GhNAC7明显上调表达,并在48 h表达量达到最高,这表明ABA可调控GhNAC7表达从而调节棉花叶片衰老。【结论】GhNAC7可以促进棉花叶片衰老并受ABA的调控。 | 郑学伟 SHAH Syed Tariq 范术丽 魏恒玲 庞朝友 李鸿彬 喻树迅 | 2017 | 中国农业科学2017，50，3： | 2 |
| 11 | 苹果SRS基因家族的鉴定与功能分析显示文摘SHI-related sequence(SRS)基因家族通过介导激素变化以调控植物成花及生长发育,并且在适应环境胁迫中起重要调控作用。该研究基于苹果(Malus domestica Borkh.)基因组数据,通过生物信息学手段鉴定苹果SRS基因家族成员,并分析SRS基因家族特点与功能及表达情况。结果表明:(1)苹果MdSRS基因家族共包含11个成员,分别命名为MdSRS1-MdSRS11,不均匀地分布在苹果的9条染色体上。(2)MdSRS蛋白包含229~414个不等的氨基酸残基,等电点分布在6.38~9.36之间;亚细胞定位结果表明,MdSRS蛋白大多分布于细胞膜,在细胞核、叶绿体中也有分布。(3)通过引入拟南芥、水稻、番茄及杨树的SRS基因进行系统发育分析表明,将11个MdSRSs分成5个亚族(A-A),在A4中分布最多。(4)顺式作用元件分析表明,11个MdSRSs启动子上游2 000 bp序列分布有激素、环境适应性和逆境诱导等响应元件。(5)荧光定量PCR结果显示,苹果MdSRS基因家族在盐胁迫和干旱胁迫下总体呈下调表达,在ABA胁迫后大多呈上调表达,是具有很大潜力的抗性候选基因,说明SRS家族对ABA调节等非生物胁迫具有调控作用。研究认为,SRS家族的11个成员均参与了调控干旱、盐及ABA胁迫多种逆境的响应,推测在实际苹果生产中对抵御不良环境具有重要作用。 | 王锦锋 | 2022 | 西北植物学报2022，42，6： | 2 |
| 12 | An alternative,zeaxanthin epoxidase-independent abscisic acid biosynthetic pathway in plants显示文摘Abscisic acid(ABA)is an important carotenoid-derived phytohormone that plays essential roles in plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses as well as in various physiological and developmental processes.In Arabidopsis,ABA biosynthesis starts with the epoxidation of zeaxanthin by the ABA DEFICIENT 1(ABA1)enzyme,leading to epoxycarotenoids;e.g.,violaxanthin.The oxidative cleavage of 9-cis-epoxycaro-tenoids,a key regulatory step catalyzed by 9-C/S-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE,forms xanthoxin,which is converted in further rea.ctions mediated by ABA DEFICIENT 2(ABA2),ABA DEFICIENT 3(ABA3),and ABSCISIC ALDEHYDE OXIDASE 3(AAO3)into ABA.By combining genetic and biochemical approaches,we unravel here an ABA1-independent ABA biosynthetic pathway starting upstream of zeaxanthin.We iden-tified the carotenoid cleavage products(i.e.,apocarotenoids,β-apo-11-carotenal,9-cis-β-apo-11-carotenal,3-OH-β-apo-11-carotenal,and 9-cis-3-OH-β-apo-11-carotenal)as intermediates of this ABA1-independent ABA biosynthetic pathway.Using labeled compounds,we showed thatβ-apo-11-carotenal,9-cis-β-apo-11-carotenal,and 3-OH-β-apo-11-carotenal are successively converted into 9-cis-3-OH-β-apo-11-carotenal,xanthoxin,and finally into ABA in both Arabidopsis and rice.When applied to Arabidopsis,theseβ-apo-11-carotenoids exert ABA biological functions,such as maintaining seed dormancy and inducing the expression of ABA-responsive genes.Moreover,the transcdptomic analysis revealed a high overlap of differentially expressed genes regulated byβ-apo-11-carotenoids and ABA,suggesting thatβ-apo-11-carot-enoids exert ABA-independent regulatory activities.Taken together,our study identifies a biological function for the common plant metabolites,β-apo-11-carotenoids,extends our knowledge about ABA biosynthesis,and provides new insights into plant apocarotenoid metabolic networks. | Kun-Peng Jia Jianing Mi Shawkat Ali Hajime Ohyanagi Juan C.Moreno Abdugaffor Ablazov Aparna Balakrishna Lamis Berqdar Alessia Fiore Gianfranco Diretto Claudio Martínez Angel R.de Lera Takashi Gojobori Salim Al-Babili | 2022 | Molecular Plant2022，15，1： | 2 |
| 13 | 环境氧气浓度对‘雪花’梨采后贮藏品质与生理特性的影响显示文摘将商业成熟期采收的‘雪花’梨5℃预冷24 h后,直接入0℃库贮藏,2 d后分别在5.0%O_(2)+1.0%CO_(2)和10.0%O_(2)+1.0%CO_(2)条件下气调贮藏,以空气贮藏为对照。研究贮藏210 d和270 d后货架1、3、5、7 d(20℃)果实品质及生理代谢差异。结果发现:与空气贮藏对照相比,较低的环境氧气浓度可有效地控制‘雪花’梨果肉和果心组织褐变,贮藏270d及货架7d后,5.0%O_(2)处理果实未发生组织褐变,而10.0%O_(2)处理和空气贮藏对照果心和果肉褐变指数分别为2.5%和2.5%,7.5%和17.5%;另外,低氧气调可较好地维持果皮绿色,贮藏210 d,5.0%和10.0%O_(2)处理果实L^(*)值、-a^(*)绝对值及h°值均显著高于对照;同时,货架期间果实可滴定酸含量、叶绿素含量及叶绿素荧光活性均显著高于对照;5.0%O_(2)处理果实呼吸速率显著低于10.0%O_(2)处理和对照。总体来看,贮藏270 d后,5.0%O_(2)处理可显著抑制‘雪花’梨货架期间果实呼吸速率,延缓果实衰老,降低衰老相关生理病害发生,果实品质最佳,其次为10.0%O_(2)处理,对照处理品质最差。 | 杜艳民 王志华 贾晓辉 佟伟 张鑫楠 王文辉 | 2021 | 中国果树2021，，5： | 2 |
| 14 | Differential regulation of triterpene biosynthesis induced by an early failure in cuticle formation in apple显示文摘Waxy apple cuticles predominantly accumulate ursane-type triterpenes,but the profile shifts with the induction of skin russeting towards lupane-type triterpenes.We previously characterised several key enzymes in the ursane-type and lupane-type triterpene pathways,but this switch in triterpene metabolism associated with loss of cuticle integrity is not fully understood.To analyse the relationship between triterpene biosynthesis and russeting,we used microscopy,RNA-sequencing and metabolite profiling during apple fruit development.We compared the skin of three genetically-close clones of‘Golden Delicious’(with waxy,partially russeted and fully russeted skin).We identified a unique molecular profile for the russet clone,including low transcript abundance of multiple cuticle-specific metabolic pathways in the early stages of fruit development.Using correlation analyses between gene transcription and metabolite concentration we found MYB transcription factors strongly associated with lupane-type triterpene biosynthesis.We showed how their transcription changed with the onset of cuticle cracking followed by russeting and that one factor,MYB66,was able to bind the promoter of the oxidosqualene cyclase OSC5,to drive the production of lupeol derivatives.These results provide insights into the breakdown of cuticle integrity leading to russet and how this drives MYB-regulated changes to triterpene biosynthesis. | Luigi Falginella Christelle M.Andre Sylvain Legay Kui Lin-Wang Andrew P.Dare Cecilia Deng Ria Rebstock Blue J.Plunkett Lindy Guo Guido Cipriani Richard V.Espley | 2021 | Horticulture Research2021，8，1： | 1 |
| 15 | 胡杨miR1444b在拟南芥中正调控植物抗旱性显示文摘【目的】miR1444b是木本植物特异miR1444家族中的一员,能够参与植物对金属胁迫的响应,但在干旱胁迫响应中的功能尚不明确。【方法】本实验克隆得到了胡杨MIR1444b基因(peu-MIR1444b)及其启动子(pro-peuMIR1444b),将peu-MIR1444b基因在模式植株拟南芥中过表达,对转基因植株进行正常浇水、甘露醇模拟干旱和自然干旱条件处理,研究peu-MIR1444b的功能。【结果】克隆得到的pro-peu-MIR1444b和peu-MIR1444b与Phytozome数据库收录的毛果杨基因组序列相似性分别为99.61%和98.82%。利用Plant CARE数据库分析发现,pro-peuMIR1444b序列中包含逆境相关的TC-rich repeats元件和受干旱诱导的MYB结合位点MBS。实时荧光定量PCR分析显示miR1444b在转基因拟南芥中表达量显著高于野生型,预测的靶基因葡聚糖合成酶Ⅳ(AT3G14570.2)表达量明显下调,初步确定葡聚糖合成酶Ⅳ在拟南芥中被peu-miR1444b负调控。在250 mmol/L甘露醇模拟的干旱胁迫条件下,转基因拟南芥株系TG-2和TG-5萌发率分别显著高于野生型20.83%和26.67%,根长分别显著高于野生型56.83%和52.60%(P<0.05)。土壤自然干旱8 d测得转基因拟南芥的光合速率、气孔导度、叶片水分利用效率、PSⅡ最大光化学效率和过氧化物酶(POD)活性均显著高于野生型(P<0.05)。【结论】胡杨miR1444b可以促进根系生长增加植物的吸水能力,负调控葡聚糖合成酶Ⅳ提高植物的渗透调节能力,维持植物在水分亏缺条件下的光合效率,保证植株正常生长,在拟南芥中正调控植物抗旱性。 | 李双 苏艳艳 王厚领 李惠广 刘超 夏新莉 尹伟伦 | 2018 | 北京林业大学学报2018，40，4： | 1 |
| 16 | White oak (Quercus fabri Hance) regenerated stump sprouts show few senescence symptoms during 40 years of growth in a natural forest显示文摘Background:The relationship between physiological age of parental trees and lifespan of clonal offspring is unclear.White oak(Quercus fabri Hance)has a high sprouting capability after harvest,with the regenerated sprouts being typical clonal individuals.To determine whether regenerated sprouts undergo rapid senescence compared with the parent,the senescence levels of 5-,10-,20-and 40-year-old regenerated stump sprouts in a natural forest were evaluated.The antioxidative abilities and transcriptomes in these leaves and shoots were compared.Results:Older regenerated sprouts still had robust antioxidative systems,with 40-year-old sprouts having lower peroxidation product levels but similar antioxidative enzyme activity levels compared with 5-year-old sprouts.Older leaves had greater transcriptional activities in pathways related to cell growth and division than younger leaves.However,older sprouts had some unhealthy characteristics,such as increased base excision repair levels and upregulated phagosome,proteasome and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways in 40-year-old leaves,which indicates that DNA damage and tissue remodeling occurred more frequently than in younger leaves.Additionally,plant-pathogen interactions and MAPK signals pathways were upregulated in older shoots,which indicates that older shoots suffered from more pathogen-related biotic stress.Conclusions:The 40-year-old sprouts still had the same vitality level as the 5-year-old sprouts,although the former had some unhealthy characteristics.We conclude that during their first 40 years of growth,regenerated stump sprouts do not begin to senesce,and that physiological age of parental trees does not significantly affect the lifespan of its clonal offspring. | Honggang Sun Sisheng Wu Liwen Wu | 2021 | Forest Ecosystems2021，8，1： | 1 |
| 17 | The MdWRKY31 transcription factor binds to the MdRAV1 promoter to mediate ABA sensitivity显示文摘The phytohormone abscisic acid(ABA)is a major element involved in apple(Malus domestica)production because of its role in seed germination and early seedling development.The WRKY family,which is one of the largest families of transcription factors,plays an important role in ABA signaling in plants.However,the underlying molecular mechanisms of WRKY-mediated ABA sensitivity in apple are poorly understood.A genome-wide transcriptome analysis indicated that MdWRKY31 is a key factor induced by ABA.Quantitative real-time PCR showed that MdWRKY31 is induced by ABA in response to PEG4000,which is used to simulate drought.As a transcription factor,MdWRKY31 is localized in the nucleus.Ectopic expression of MdWRKY31 in Arabidopsis and Nicotiana benthamiana enhanced plant sensitivity to ABA.Overexpression of MdWRKY31 in apple roots and apple calli increased sensitivity to ABA,whereas repression of MdWRKY31 reduced sensitivity to ABA in the roots of‘Royal Gala’.Electrophoretic mobility shift assays,chromatin immunoprecipitation PCR,and yeast one-hybrid assays indicated that MdWRKY31 directly binds to the promoter of MdRAV1.Expression analyses of transgenic apple calli containing MdWRKY31 and pMdRAV1::GUS implied that MdWRKY31 represses the expression of MdRAV1.We also found that MdRAV1 binds directly to the promoters of MdABI3 and MdABI4 and repressed their expression.Our findings reveal a new important regulatory mechanism of MdWRKY31-MdRAV1-MdABIs in the ABA signaling pathway in apple. | Xian-Yan Zhao Chen-Hui Qi Han Jiang Chun-Xiang You Qing-Mei Guan Feng-Wang Ma Yuan-Yuan Li Yu-Jin Hao | 2019 | Horticulture Research2019，6，1： | 0 |
| 18 | Natural variation in STAYGREEN contributes to low-temperature tolerance in cucumber显示文摘Low-temperature(LT)stress threatens cucumber production globally;however,the molecular mechanisms underlying LT tolerance in cucumber remain largely unknown.Here,using a genome-wide association study(GWAS),we found a naturally occurring single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)in the STAYGREEN(CsSGR)coding region at the gLTT5.1 locus associated with LT tolerance.Knockout mutants of CsSGR generated by clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 exhibit enhanced LT tolerance,in particularly,increased chlorophyll(Chl)content and reduced reactive oxygen species(ROS)accumulation in response to LT.Moreover,the C-repeat Binding Factor 1(CsCBF1)transcription factor can directly activate the expression of CsSGR.We demonstrate that the LT-sensitive haplotype CsSGRHapA,but not the LT-tolerant haplotype CsSGR^(HapG)could interact with NON-YELLOW COLORING 1(CsNYC1)to mediate Chl degradation.Geographic distribution of the CsSGR haplotypes indicated that the CsSGR^(HapG)was selected in cucumber accessions from high latitudes,potentially contributing to LT tolerance during cucumber cold-adaptation in these regions.CsSGR mutants also showed enhanced tolerance to salinity,water deficit,and Pseudoperonospora cubensis,thus CsSGR is an elite target gene for breeding cucumber varieties with broad-spectrum stress tolerance.Collectively,our findings provide new insights into LT tolerance and will ultimately facilitate cucumber molecular breeding. | Shaoyun Dong Caixia Li Haojie Tian Weiping Wang Xueyong Yang Diane MBeckles Xiaoping Liu Jiantao Guan Xingfang Gu Jiaqiang Sun Han Miao Shengping Zhang | 2023 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2023，65，12： | 0 |
| 19 | 拟南芥叶片衰老前后叶绿素降解代谢基因表达和酶积累的模式及其影响因素分析显示文摘由叶绿素降解引起的叶片衰老褪绿不仅是植物衰老最直观的性状,还是植物进行营养动员的关键事件。近年来,进入衰老窗口(senescence window)后的叶片中叶绿素降解代谢酶基因(Chl catabolic genes,CCGs)的表达调控已经得到了较为充分的研究,但在未衰老叶片中对CCGs表达模式的研究还鲜见报道。本研究中,我们分析了主要叶绿素降解代谢酶(Chl Catabolic Enzymes,CCEs)及其编码基因CCGs在自然衰老以及未衰老的拟南芥叶片中的表达模式。研究结果显示,在叶片自然衰老过程中,CCGs剧烈上调表达且CCEs蛋白逐渐累积,以催化衰老细胞中叶绿素的大量降解;值得注意的是,在长日照培养条件下,未衰老叶片中CCGs的表达存在显著的波动,其表达量在光照开启后开始上升,10:00~16:00之间达到峰值后逐渐下降。我们的分析显示,CCGs表达量的波动很有可能是光-暗交替导致的,与CCA1介导的节律信号没有明显的相关性。我们的研究结果提示,外界光信号对未衰老叶片中CCGs的表达调控起至关重要的作用。 | 窦锦慧 陈俊毅 鲁凡 吴声栋 蒯本科 张鼎宇 | 2023 | 复旦学报(自然科学版)2023，62，5： | 0 |
| 20 | 激素对菠菜采后主要营养品质指标的影响显示文摘以2种菠菜自交系为试材,以清水为对照,设置5个处理组(200μmol·L^(-1)ABA溶液、50μmol·L^(-1)去甲二氢愈创木酸(NDGA)溶液、100μmol·L^(-1)褪黑素(MT)、乙烯利溶液(ETH)以及1-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)),研究了外源植物激素对采后菠菜主要品质指标的影响,以期为菠菜采后保鲜研究及应用奠定基础。结果表明:采后菠菜叶片叶绿素、维生素C、可溶性糖含量呈不同程度下降趋势,草酸含量无显著变化,叶酸含量和硝酸盐含量呈不同程度上升趋势,可溶性蛋白质含量在不同材料中变化趋势不同;激素对采后菠菜不同营养品质指标的影响不同,ABA和ETH处理显著促进了2种菠菜材料叶绿素及维生素C含量的下降;NDGA处理对采后菠菜叶绿素、可溶性糖、维生素C含量的降解抑制作用最突出;1-MCP处理下采后菠菜叶绿素、可溶性蛋白质、硝酸盐含量的显著提高;MT对延缓菠菜退绿作用不显著,但能提高可溶性糖含量。 | 孙飞 潘曦 胡逸成 蔡晓锋 王全华 王小丽 | 2023 | 北方园艺2023，，5： | 0 |
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