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1Drug addiction: a curable mental disorder?显示文摘Drug addiction is a chronic, relapsing brain disorder. Multiple neural networks in the brain including the reward system (e.g., the mesocorticolimbic system), the anti-reward/stress system (e.g., the extended amygdala), and the central immune system, are involved in the development of drug addiction and relapse after withdrawal from drugs of abuse. Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that it is promising to control drug addiction by pharmacologically targeting the addiction-related systems in the brain. Here we review the pharmacological targets within the dopamine system, glutamate system, trace amine system, anti-reward system, and central immune system, which are of clinical interests. Furthermore, we discuss other potential therapies, e.g., brain stimulation, behavioral treatments, and therapeutic gene modulation, which could be effective to treat drug addiction. We conclude that, although drug addiction is a complex disorder that involves complicated neural mechanisms and psychological processes, this mental disorder is treatable and may be curable by therapies such as gene modulation in the future.Jian-feng Liu Jun-xu Li 2018Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2018,39,12:4
2Intervention Effect of Repetitive TMS on Behavioral Adjustment After Error Commission in Long-Term Methamphetamine Addicts: Evidence From a Two-Choice Oddball Task显示文摘Behavioral adjustment plays an important role in the treatment and relapse of drug addiction. Nonetheless,few studies have examined behavioral adjustment and its plasticity following error commission in methamphetamine(METH) dependence, which is detrimental to human health. Thus, we investigated the behavioral adjustment performance following error commission in long-term METH addicts and how it varied with the application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(r TMS) of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC). Twenty-nine male long-term METH addicts(for [ 3 years) were randomly assigned to high-frequency(10 Hz, n = 15) or sham(n = 14) r TMS of the left DLPFC during a two-choice oddball task. Twenty-six age-matched, healthy male adults participated in the two-choice oddball task pretest to establish normal performance for comparison. The results showed that 10 Hz r TMS over the left DLPFC significantly decreased the post-error slowing effect in response times of METH addicts. In addition, the 10 Hz r TMS intervention remarkably reduced the reaction times during post-error trials but not post-correct trials. While the 10 Hz r TMS group showed a more pronounced post-error slowing effect than the healthy participants during the pretest, the posterror slowing effect in the posttest of this sample was similar to that in the healthy participants. These results suggest that high-frequency r TMS over the left DLPFC is a useful protocol for the improvement of behavioral adjustment after error commission in long-term METH addicts.Qiongdan Liang Jia Lin Jiemin Yang Xiang Li Yijiang Chen Xianxin Meng Jiajin Yuan 2018Neuroscience Bulletin2018,34,3:4
3Special Topic on Mental Health and Addiction显示文摘We are delighted to have been invited to edit this Special Topic on Mental Health and Addiction.Mental disorders like drug addiction,mood disorders,and schizophrenia affect a sizeable proportion of the human population,severely compromise the quality of life,and constitute a large global burden of disease.The evolution of molecular,cellular,and neurophysiological studies of rodents andLin Lu Wenhua Zhou 2016Neuroscience Bulletin2016,32,6:0
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