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| 1 | Current achievements and future prospects in the genetic breeding of chrysanthemum:a review显示文摘Chrysanthemum(Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.)is a leading flower with applied value worldwide.Developing new chrysanthemum cultivars with novel characteristics such as new flower colors and shapes,plant architectures,flowering times,postharvest quality,and biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in a time-and cost-efficient manner is the ultimate goal for breeders.Various breeding strategies have been employed to improve the aforementioned traits,ranging from conventional techniques,including crossbreeding and mutation breeding,to a series of molecular breeding methods,including transgenic technology,genome editing,and marker-assisted selection(MAS).In addition,the recent extensive advances in high-throughput technologies,especially genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,metabolomics,and microbiomics,which are collectively referred to as omics platforms,have led to the collection of substantial amounts of data.Integration of these omics data with phenotypic information will enable the identification of genes/pathways responsible for important traits.Several attempts have been made to use emerging molecular and omics methods with the aim of accelerating the breeding of chrysanthemum.However,applying the findings of such studies to practical chrysanthemum breeding remains a considerable challenge,primarily due to the high heterozygosity and polyploidy of the species.This review summarizes the recent achievements in conventional and modern molecular breeding methods and emerging omics technologies and discusses their future applications for improving the agronomic and horticultural characteristics of chrysanthemum. | Jiangshuo Su Jiafu Jiang Fei Zhang Ye Liu Lian Ding Sumei Chen Fadi Chen | 2019 | Horticulture Research2019，6，1： | 13 |
| 2 | TaACTIN7-D regulates plant height and grain shape in bread wheat显示文摘Exploitation of new gene resources and genetic networks contributing to the control of crop yield-related traits,such as plant height,grain size,and shape,may enable us to breed modern high-yielding wheat varieties through molecular methods.In this study,via ethylmethanesulfonate mutagenesis,we identify a wheat mutant plant,mu-597,that shows semi-dwarf plant architecture and round grain shape.Through bulked segregant RNA-seq and map-based cloning,the causal gene for the semi-dwarf phenotype of mu-597 is located.We find that a single-base mutation in the coding region of TaACTIN7-D(TaACT7-D),leading to a Gly-to-Ser(G65S)amino acid mutation at the 65th residue of the deduced TaACT7-D protein,can explain the semi-dwarfism and round grain shape of mu-597.Further evidence shows that the G65S mutation in TaACT7-D hinders the polymerization of actin from monomeric(G-actin)to filamentous(F-actin)status while attenuates wheat responses to multiple phytohormones,including brassinosteroids,auxin,and gibberellin.Together,these findings not only define a new semi-dwarfing gene resource that can be potentially used to design plant height and grain shape of bread wheat but also establish a direct link between actin structure modulation and phytohormone signal transduction. | Xiongtao Li Beilu Cao Dejie Du Long Song Lulu Tian Xiaoming Xie Zhaoyan Chen Yanpeng Ding Xuejiao Cheng Yingyin Yao Weilong Guo Zhenqi Su Qixin Sun Zhongfu Ni Lingling Chai Jie Liu | 2023 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2023，50，11： | 0 |
| 3 | The Battle to Sequence the Bread Wheat Genome:A Tale of the Three Kingdoms显示文摘In the year 2018,the world witnessed the finale of the race to sequence the genome of the world’s most widely grown crop,the common wheat.Wheat has been known to bear a notoriously large and complicated genome of a polyploidy nature.A decade competition to sequence the wheat genome initiated with a single consortium of multiple countries,taking a conventional strategy similar to that for sequencing Arabidopsis and rice,became ferocious over time as both sequencing technologies and genome assembling methodologies advanced.At different stages,multiple versions of genome sequences of the same variety(e.g.,Chinese Spring)were produced by several groups with their special strategies.Finally,16 years after the rice genome was finished and 9 years after that of maize,the wheat research community now possesses its own reference genome.Armed with these genomics tools,wheat will reestablish itself as a model for polyploid plants in studying the mechanisms of polyploidy evolution,domestication,genetic and epigenetic regulation of homoeolog expression,as well as defining its genetic diversity and breeding on the genome level.The enhanced resolution of the wheat genome should also help accelerate development of wheat cultivars that are more tolerant to biotic and/or abiotic stresses with better quality and higher yield. | Jiantao Guan Diego F.Garcia Yun Zhou Rudi Appels Aili Li Long Mao | 2020 | Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics2020，18，3： | 0 |
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