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| 1 | 松软低透煤层深孔微差聚能爆破致裂机理显示文摘针对松软低透煤层微差聚能爆破致裂增透问题,在分析微差聚能爆破作用过程及影响因素的基础上,利用流固耦合算法建立了微差聚能爆破数值模型,研究了煤体单元应力及裂隙发育特征,并通过煤层深孔微差聚能爆破现场试验探讨了微差聚能爆破致裂机理及对煤层增透的影响。结果表明:深孔微差聚能爆破的新自由面和应力波叠加效应是促进爆生裂隙扩展、衍生裂隙形成的关键因素,炮孔间煤体在短时间内经两次爆破作用使裂隙进一步发育和扩展。先爆炮孔为后爆炮孔提供了新的裂隙面,爆炸应力波经裂隙面绕射、反射并与入射波叠加,使裂隙面附近煤岩体处于拉伸应力状态并促进衍生裂隙的形成;后爆炮孔利用先爆炮孔形成的残余应力场使爆生裂隙密度增加,扩大了煤体致裂范围。微差时间与炮孔间距是影响爆生裂隙扩展特征的重要因素,在其他条件不变的情况下,两者共同作用决定了爆生裂隙的发育形态。当先爆炮孔产生的应力波在微差时间内传播距离小于炮孔间距时,爆炸应力波在两炮孔间煤体中相互叠加增强,随后在裂隙面之间发生反射形成拉伸应力波对煤岩体产生复杂的破坏作用,在原有爆生裂隙间形成新的裂隙。煤层实施深孔微差聚能爆破后增透效果显著,先爆炮孔附近煤体裂隙在后爆炮孔作用下进一步发育,炮孔间煤体裂隙随孔间距减小更易贯通。 | 郭德勇 张超 李柯 朱同功 | 2021 | 煤炭学报2021，46，8： | 6 |
| 2 | 地应力对岩体爆破特征影响规律分析显示文摘为研究地应力对岩体爆破的影响,通过颗粒流软件PFC2D建立计算模型,进行数值模拟,从模型内部应力变化、裂纹分布、裂纹数量和能量场多个角度来分析爆破效果。结果表明:地应力严重影响岩体的爆破效果,尤其是压碎区,地应力每增长1 MPa,峰值应力就会大约增长26 MPa;地应力会抑制裂纹发育,对岩体裂纹分布状态和裂纹数量的抑制效果在3~6 MPa时最明显;地应力每增长1 MPa,岩体内部应变能会大约增长250 kJ;摩擦能和动能的能量变化峰值会随地应力的增加而稍微增加。 | 崔建斌 张昆 赵苏文 谢良甫 | 2021 | 科学技术与工程2021，21，28： | 4 |
| 3 | 改扩建公路岩质高边坡爆破开挖稳定性分析显示文摘为研究不同爆破开挖方式对岩质高边坡稳定性的影响,依托京沪高速公路改扩建工程,建立岩质高边坡爆破荷载时程曲线,研究了边坡采用同时起爆和微差爆破两种起爆方式的动力响应特征,对比分析了两种起爆方式的安全系数以及质点速度变化规律。结果表明:采用修正的爆破荷载常量B计算等效爆破动载的方法,研究爆破作用下的岩质高边坡的稳定性是合理可靠的;采用微差爆破边坡稳定性较高,边坡的安全系数随等效爆破动荷载的施加呈现出递减的周期性变化,在等效爆破动荷载F达到最大值F_(max)和0.6F_(max)时所对应的安全系数为极小值点;各质点的速率变化与爆破动荷载的施加有同步变化,随着质点距爆破区的距离增加,规律逐渐减弱,仅在最大值附近出现峰值振动,而同时起爆的各质点的速率要大于微差爆破,不利于边坡开挖,各测点之间的峰值依次出现了递减和滞后的现象;采用微差爆破在爆破区附近出现了应力集中现象,局部剪应力大于岩体的抗剪强度,产生剪切破坏,爆破前后的位移监测差值较小,取得了良好的松动作用,岩体出现局部裂隙,应注意后期及时支护。 | 冯忠居 孟莹莹 霍建维 赵瑞欣 王富春 江冠 | 2023 | 建筑科学与工程学报2023，40，1： | 3 |
| 4 | 基于CDEM的岩石基坑爆破效果的数值模拟显示文摘为探讨延时时间及炮孔间距对岩石基坑爆破破碎效果的影响规律,依托大连地铁五号线虎滩公园站,建立岩体二维数值计算模型,通过连续-非连续数值模拟方法(CDEM)中的JWL爆炸模型及断裂能模型,对岩石基坑开展了爆破过程的数值模拟,并通过应力、振动速度、平均破碎尺寸、极限破碎尺寸、大块率及系统破裂度等指标进行综合分析。结果显示:模型监测点处以拉应力破坏为主导,延时35 ms时应力波叠加效果较好,引起的模型监测点峰值振速较小;随着延时的增大,岩石爆破效果逐渐变差,而当延时为25 ms时,较短的延时不利于应力波的传播和衰减导致爆破效果不佳。监测点处y方向峰值振动速度随着炮孔间距L的增大逐渐减小,岩石爆破效果逐渐改善,而过大的炮孔间距会阻碍应力叠加。炮孔间距6 m时能够有效减少大块率,爆破破碎效果最佳。改变炮孔间距相对于改变延时时间大块率降低了3.2%,系统破裂度提高了3.8%,因此,改变炮孔间距优于改变延时时间的爆破效果。 | 任慧敏 冯春 唐昊天 张大帅 王彪 赵红华 | 2022 | 工程爆破2022，28，6： | 3 |
| 5 | An alternative approach to predict human response to blast induced ground vibration显示文摘The aim of this study is to create alternative approaches to predict human response to ground vibration.Site measurements were conducted in an urban quarry.The multiple discriminant analysis technique was used to develop classification models.The measured ground vibration values were grouped based on the limit values appearing in the literature.Two classification models were created to predict human response to ground vibration.In addition,classical predictor equations were developed to compare to the classification models.The best equations were chosen considering several error measures.All the models were tested on the independent data.The prediction accuracy of the discriminant analysis models is quite promising.Nearly eighty-nine percent of the test data were correctly classified.The classification models have a combined structure.The results of the models can be directly presented to the neighbors of the studied quarry.The models are not complex.They do not require additional software or information to practice and can be easily used by site engineers. | Turker Hudaverdi Ozge Akyildiz | 2021 | Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration2021，20，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Discussion on blasting vibration monitoring for rock damage control in rock slope excavation显示文摘Drill and blast is a commonly used method for rock slope excavation in hydropower engineering.During blasting excavation of rock slopes,far-field vibration monitoring on the first upper berm for statutory compliance is usually performed to control the blast-induced rock damage to the final slope face.In this study,for the rock slope excavation in the Jinping-I hydropower station,the field vibration monitoring and acoustic testing are presented to investigate the vibration characteristics on the first upper berm and the damage depth in the current bench.The relationship between the PPV on the first upper berm and the PPV damage threshold on the damage zone boundary is also studied through three-dimensional FEM simulations.The results show that on the first upper berm,the maximum vibration velocity component occurs in the vertical direction.While on the blasting damage zone boundary,the horizontal radial vibration velocity is the maximum component.For the Jinping-I slope with a bench height of 30 m,the radial PPV on the inner side of the first upper berm is 2.06%of the PPV threshold on the damage zone boundary.This ratio is increased as the bench height decreases.Therefore,the bench height of the rock slope is an important factor that cannot be ignored in determining the allowable vibration velocity for rock damage control. | Yang Jianhua Cai Jiyong Yao Chi Zhang Xiaobo Liu Liansheng | 2022 | Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration2022，21，1： | 0 |
| 7 | Some aspects affecting the response of RC compartment structures subjected to internal blast loads显示文摘Protective compartments are typically used to protect some specific structures from internal explosions,such as industrial buildings that contain devices that may explode in certain circumstances.This research investigates how the response of reinforced concrete(RC)compartment structures subjected to internal blast loads are affected by the following aspects:introduction of material nonlinearity in the analysis,reinforcement ratio,and aspect ratio of the compartment.To achieve this goal,a calibrated and sophisticated FE numerical model is introduced,and a parametric study for the intended aspects is carried out.A discussion of the results and conclusions are offered,which show the role of each aspect in the dynamic performance of the compartment structures.The main conclusions are as follows:introduction of material nonlinearity in this type of analysis and for these structures is very important and significant in obtaining accurate outputs that are similar to actual behavior;the reinforcement ratio has a significant effect on the response and its effect varies depending on the thickness of the compartment;in general,increasing the reinforcement ratio enhances the behavior and reduces the stresses in the compartment;and the aspect ratio of the compartment does not show a clear pattern on the response of such structures under internal blast loads. | Osman M.O.Ramadan M.Galal El Sherbiny Ahmed M.Khalil | 2022 | Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration2022，21，1： | 0 |
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