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| 1 | 我国疾病预防控制体系建设完善多领域专家观点分析显示文摘目的归纳分析各方专家在公众媒体发布针对我国疾病预防控制体系建设完善观点,为政府相关建设规划提供借鉴。方法收集2020年1月1日至2020年5月20日期间中国主流媒体以文字形式发布与我国疾病预防控制体系建设完善相关的专家观点,使用层次分析法对专家提出的建设要点进行归纳。结果研究最终共纳入观点性文章19篇,涉及专家29名,从公共卫生监测预警体系建设、基层公共卫生预防控制体系建设、疾病预防控制机构能力建设以及舆情应对能力建设四个方面总结归纳各方专家对我国疾病预防控制体系建设提出的建议。结论新冠肺炎疫情既是对我国现有公共卫生疫情防控体系的挑战,也将成为相关体系的建设发展重要契机。 | 杨涛 邱五七 杨玉洁 都率 武孟君 戎伟仁 王坤 孟月莉 毛阿燕 | 2021 | 公共卫生与预防医学2021，32，3： | 4 |
| 2 | 坦布苏病毒诱导昆明鼠脾细胞凋亡显示文摘为探讨坦布苏病毒(TMUV)能否诱导昆明鼠脾细胞凋亡,采用体内和体外2种途径、不同检测方法进行验证。体内试验:TMUV脑内接种3周龄昆明鼠,分别取病毒感染3,5,7d后昆明鼠的脾脏,采用琼脂糖凝胶法观察其DNA Ladder。结果显示,攻毒3d后,脾脏没有出现明显的梯状DNA Ladder,攻毒5,7d后,脾脏出现了明显的特异性梯状DNA Ladder图谱。通过无菌研磨脾脏获得游离脾细胞,AnnexinV-FITC/PI双染色后采用流式细胞仪检测脾细胞的细胞凋亡情况。结果显示,攻毒后3d,脾细胞中凋亡细胞比例与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05);攻毒后5,7d,脾细胞中凋亡细胞比例与对照组细胞相比差异极显著(P<0.01)。体外试验:无菌取3周龄昆明鼠脾细胞,接种不同剂量TMUV,将分别感染病毒24,48h的脾细胞AnnexinV-FITC/PI双染色,通过流式细胞仪和荧光显微镜检测脾细胞的细胞凋亡情况。结果显示,病毒感染后24,48h的脾细胞中,凋亡细胞比例与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05)。病毒感染后24,48h脾细胞在荧光显微镜下均出现了数量较多呈现绿色荧光的细胞,且感染后48h更多。由此可见,TMUV可诱导昆明鼠发生显著的脾细胞凋亡,感染病毒时间较长,脾细胞凋亡越明显。本研究通过体内和体外2种途径、采用不同检测方法明确了TMUV能诱导昆明鼠脾细胞发生显著细胞凋亡,为进一步了解TMUV的致病机制提供理论支撑。 | 提金凤 李志杰 刁有祥 李舫 | 2021 | 中国兽医学报2021，41，4： | 3 |
| 3 | Will an imperfect vaccine curtail the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S.?显示文摘The novel coronavirus(COVID-19)that emerged from Wuhan city of China in late December 2019 continue to pose devastating public health and economic challenges across the world.Although the community-wide implementation of basic non-pharmaceutical intervention measures,such as social distancing,quarantine of suspected COVID-19 cases,isolation of confirmed cases,use of face masks in public,contact tracing and testing,have been quite effective in curtailing and mitigating the burden of the pandemic,it is universally believed that the use of a vaccine may be necessary to effectively curtail and eliminating COVID-19 in human populations.This study is based on the use of a mathematical model for assessing the impact of a hypothetical imperfect anti-COVID-19 vaccine on the control of COVID-19 in the United States.An analytical expression for the minimum percentage of unvaccinated susceptible individuals needed to be vaccinated in order to achieve vaccine-induced community herd immunity is derived.The epidemiological consequence of the herd immunity threshold is that the disease can be effectively controlled or eliminated if the minimum herd immunity threshold is achieved in the community.Simulations of the model,using baseline parameter values obtained from fitting the model with COVID-19 mortality data for the U.S.,show that,for an anti-COVID-19 vaccine with an assumed protective efficacy of 80%,at least 82%of the susceptible US population need to be vaccinated to achieve the herd immunity threshold.The prospect of COVID-19 elimination in the US,using the hypothetical vaccine,is greatly enhanced if the vaccination program is combined with other interventions,such as face mask usage and/or social distancing.Such combination of strategies significantly reduces the level of the vaccine-induced herd immunity threshold needed to eliminate the pandemic in the US.For instance,the herd immunity threshold decreases to 72%if half of the US population regularly wears face masks in public(the threshold decreases to 46%if everyone wears a face mask). | Enahoro A.Iboi Calistus N.Ngonghala Abba B.Gumel | 2020 | Infectious Disease Modelling2020，5，1： | 1 |
| 4 | 一种针对新型冠状病毒肺炎的准确、快速、便携式双功能电检测仪显示文摘新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)正在多个国家快速传播,已经导致了严重的全球大流行.由于目前没有针对此类病人的特效药和针对此病毒的疫苗,准确、快速地进行新冠病人检测成为了控制大流行最有效的措施.本文中我们开发了一种基于石墨烯场效应晶体管的便携式双功能电检测仪,其通过核酸互补杂交或者抗原-抗体特异性结合作用,能分别进行病毒核酸序列检测和抗体检测,检测限分别低至0.1和1 fg mL^(-1).我们通过临床样品检测进一步评估了此方法:从10个新冠病人和8个正常人咽拭子中提取RNA直接用于核酸检测;从6个新冠病人和3个正常人血清中提取抗体用于抗体检测.临床样品检测结果和基于聚合酶链反应的光学方法结果完全吻合,同时此方法拥有超快的检测速度(核酸检测需10 min,抗体检测需5 min).因此,我们的实验提供了一种有效、准确、高通量的新冠现场即时检测工具. | 柯国骏 苏鼎凯 李渝 赵钰 王宏刚 刘万键 李慢 杨志廷 肖放 袁尧 黄飞 莫凡洋 王鹏 郭雪峰 | 2021 | Science China Materials2021，64，3： | 0 |
| 5 | The Viral Load of Epstein-Barr Virus in Blood of Children after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation显示文摘Objective To detect the Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)viral load of children after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT)using chip digital PCR(cdPCR).Methods The sensitivity of cdPCR was determined using EBV plasmids and the EBV B95-8 strain.The specificity of EBV cdPCR was evaluated using the EBV B95-8 strain and other herpesviruses(herpes simplex virus 1,herpes simplex virus 2,varicella zoster virus,human cytomegalovirus,human herpesvirus 6,and human herpesvirus 7).From May 2019 to September 2020,64 serum samples of children following HSCT were collected.EBV infection and the viral load of serum samples were detected by cdPCR.The epidemiological characteristics of EBV infections were analyzed in HSCT patients.Results The limit of detection of EBV cdPCR was 110 copies/mL,and the limit of detection of EBV quantitative PCR was 327 copies/mL for the pUC57-BALF5 plasmid.The result of EBV cdPCR was up to 121 copies/mL in the EBV B95-8 strain,and both were more sensitive than that of quantitative PCR.Using cdPCR,the incidence of EBV infection was 18.75%in 64 children after HSCT.The minimum EBV viral load was 140 copies/mL,and the maximum viral load was 3,209 copies/mL using cdPCR.The average hospital stay of children with EBV infection(184±91 days)was longer than that of children without EBV infection(125±79 days),P=0.026.Conclusion EBV cdPCR had good sensitivity and specificity.The incidence of EBV infection was 18.75%in 64 children after HSCT from May 2019 to September 2020.EBV cdPCR could therefore be a novel method to detect EBV viral load in children after HSCT. | WANG Wen Jun FENG Shun Qiao HE Feng DU Hai Jun FENG Miao WANG Rui Fang MEI Guo Yong LIU Mi LIU Rong YAO Hai Lan HAN Jun | 2022 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2022，35，9： | 0 |
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