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| 1 | Protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-Ⅱ versus alpha-fetoprotein in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review with meta-analysis显示文摘Background: As a promising biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-Ⅱ(PIVKA-Ⅱ) has been studied extensively. However, its diagnostic capability varies across HCC studies. This study aimed to compare the performance of PIVKA-Ⅱ with alpha-fetoprotein(AFP) in the diagnosis of HCC. Data sources: A systematic literature search was conducted to identify the studies from MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Library Databases, which were published up to December 20, 2017 to compare the diagnostic capability of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP for HCC. The data were pooled using random effects model. Pooled sensitivity and specificity were calculated. Summary receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC) was employed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of each marker. Results: Thirty-one studies were included. The pooled sensitivity(95% CI) of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP was 0.66(0.65–0.68) and 0.66(0.65–0.67), respectively in diagnosis of HCC; and the corresponding pooled specificity(95% CI) was 0.89(0.88–0.90) and 0.84(0.83–0.85), respectively. The area under the ROC curve(AUC) of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP was 0.856(0.817–0.895) and 0.770(0.728–0.811), respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that PIVKA-Ⅱ was superior to AFP in terms of the AUC for both small HCC( < 3 cm) [0.863(0.825–0.901) vs 0.717(0.658–0.776)] and large HCC( ≥ 3 cm) [0.854(0.811–0.897) vs 0.729(0.682–0.776)]; for American [0.926(0.897–0.955) vs 0.698(0.594–0.662)], European [0.772(0.743–0.801) vs 0.628(0.594–0.662)], Asian [0.838(0.812–0.864) vs 0.785(0.764–0.806)] and African [0.812(0.794–0.840) vs 0.721(0.675–0.767)] HCC patients; and for HBV-related [0.909(0.866–0.951) vs 0.714(0.673–0.755)] and mixed-etiology [0.847(0.821–0.873) vs 0.794(0.772–0.816)] HCC. Conclusion: This meta-analysis indicates that PIVKA-Ⅱ is better than AFP in terms of the accuracy for diagnosing HCC, regardless of tumor size, patient ethnic group, or HCC etiology. | Hao Xing Yi-Jie Zheng Jun Han Han Zhang Zhen-Li Li Wan-Yee Lau Feng Shen Tian Yang | 2018 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2018，17，6： | 34 |
| 2 | Diagnostic value of gamma-glutamyltransferase/aspartate aminotransferase ratio, protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist II, and alpha-fetoprotein in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘BACKGROUND Researchers have investigated the diagnostic value of protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist II (PIVKA-II) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and obtained abundant clinical diagnostic data. However, PIVKA-II and AFP have unsatisfactory specificity and sensitivity in the diagnosis of early-stage HBV-related HCC. Gamma-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) are common biomarkers for evaluating liver function, and we hypothesized that the γ-GT/AST ratio in combination with PIVKA-II and AFP would improve the diagnosis of early-stage HBV-related HCC. AIM To evaluate the diagnostic value of γ-GT/AST ratio alone or in combination with PIVKA-II and AFP in HBV-related HCC. METHODS Serum levels of γ-GT, AST, PIVKA-II, and AFP were detected and analysed in 176 patients with HBV-related HCC and in 359 patients with chronic hepatitis B. According to tumour size and serum level of HBV DNA, HBV-related HCC patients were divided into the following categories: Early-stage HCC patients, HCC patients, HBV DNA positive (HBV DNA+) HCC patients, and HBV DNA negative (HBV DNA-) HCC patients. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyse and compare the diagnostic value of the single and combined detection of various biomarkers in different types of HBV-related HCC. RESULTS Tumour size was positively correlated with serum levels of PIVKA-II and AFP in HCC patients (r = 0.529, aP < 0.001 and r = 0.270, bP < 0.001, respectively), but there was no correlation between tumour size and the γ-GT/AST ratio (r = 0.073, P = 0.336). The areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curves (AUROCs) of the γ-GT/AST ratio in early-stage HCC patients, HBV DNA+ HCC patients and HBV DNA- HCC patients were not significantly different from that in the total HCC patients (0.754, 0.802, and 0.705 vs 0.779, respectively;P > 0.05). When PIVKA-II was combined with the γ-GT/AST ratio in the diagnosis of earlystage HCC, HCC, and HBV DNA+ HCC, the AUROCs of PIVKA-II increased, with values of 0.857 vs 0.835, 0.925 vs 0.913, and 0.958 vs 0.954, respectively. When AFP was combined with the γ-GT/AST ratio in the diagnosis of early-stage HCC, HCC, HBV DNA+ HCC, and HBV DNA- HCC, the AUROCs of AFP increased, with values of 0.757 vs 0.621, 0.837 vs 0.744, 0.868 vs 0.757, and 0.840 vs 0.828, respectively. CONCLUSION The γ-GT/AST ratio may be better than PIVKA-II and AFP in the diagnosis of early-stage HBV-related HCC, and its combination with PIVKA-II and AFP can improve the diagnostic value for HBV-related HCC. | Qiang Wang Qi Chen Xia Zhang Xiao-Lan Lu Qin Du Tao Zhu Guo-Yuan Zhang Dong-Sheng Wang Qu-Ming Fan | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，36： | 17 |
| 3 | The role of furin cleavage site in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-mediated membrane fusion in the presence or absence of trypsin显示文摘Dear Editor,The rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2(also known as 2019-nCoV and HCoV-191),a novel lineage B betacoronavirus(βCoV),has caused a global pandemic of coronavirus disease(COVID-19).It has been speculated that RRAR,a unique furin-like cleavage site(FCS)in the spike protein(S),which is absent in other lineage BβCoVs,such as SARS-CoV,is responsible for its high infectivity and transmissibility. | Shuai Xia Qiaoshuai Lan Shan Su Xinling Wang Wei Xu Zezhong Liu Yun Zhu Qian Wang Lu Lu Shibo Jiang | 2020 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2020，5，1： | 8 |
| 4 | Protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist Ⅱ-producing gastric cancer显示文摘Protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist Ⅱ(PIVKA-Ⅱ) is a putative specific marker of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),but it may also be produced by asmall number of gastric cancers.To date,16 cases of PIVKA-Ⅱ-producing gastric cancer have been reported,2 of which were reported by us and all of which were identified in Japan.There are no symptoms specific to PIVKA-Ⅱ-producing gastric cancer,and the representative clinical symptoms are general fatigue,appetite loss,and upper abdominal pain.Serum alpha-feto-protein(AFP)levels are also increased in almost allcases.Liver metastasis is observed in approximately 80% of cases and portal vein tumor thrombus is ob-served in approximately 20% of cases.Differential diagnosis between metastatic liver tumor and HCC is often difficult.Grossly,almost all cases appear as advanced gastric cancer.Histologically,a hepatoid pattern is observed in many cases,in addition to a moderately to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma component.The production of PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP is usually confirmed using immunohistochemical staining.Treatment and prognosis largely depends on the existence of liver meta-stasis,and the prognosis of patients with liver metas-tasis is very poor.PIVKA-Ⅱ may be produced during the hepatocellular metaplasia of the tumor cells. | Yoshihisa Takahashi Tohru Inoue Toshio Fukusato | 2010 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2010，1，4： | 4 |
| 5 | Diagnosis of lacrimal canalicular diseases using ultrasound biomicroscopy: a preliminary study显示文摘· AIM: To evaluate the application of ultrasound biomicroscopy(UBM) in the examination of lacrimal canalicular diseases, and to investigate UBM image characteristics of lacrimal canaliculi in disease states.·METHODS: Sixty cases(63 eyes, 69 canaliculi) of lacrimal canalicular diseases were enrolled that included32 patients(32 eyes, 32 canaliculi) with chronic lacrimal canaliculitis, 18 patients(18 eyes, 18 canaliculi) with previous lacrimal canalicular laceration, 9 patients(12eyes, 18 canaliculi) with congenital absence of lacrimal puncta and canaliculi, and 1 case(1 eye, 1 canaliculus)of canalicular mass. The patients were examined using UBM, and disease-specific features of the UBM images were noted.· RESULTS: UBM imaging of lacrimal canaliculi in chronic canaliculitis patients showed obvious ectasia of the lacrimal canalicular lumen. Dot-like moderate echoic signals were detected on some ectatic lumina of the lacrimal canaliculus. Some lumen-like structures of the lower lacrimal canaliculus were observed in 2(2 eyes, 2canaliculi) of the 9 patients(12 eyes, 18 canaliculi) with congenital absence of the lacrimal canaliculus. Of the 18patients(18 eyes, 18 canaliculi) with previous lacrimal canalicular laceration, the lacerated end on the nasal side of the lacrimal canaliculus was detected only in 14patients(14 eyes, 14 canaliculi).·CONCLUSION: UBM can be used to evaluate lacrimal canalicular diseases and can provide an imaging basis for the diagnosis of lacrimal canalicular diseases. | Hai Tao Li-Ping Xu Cui Han Peng Wang Fang Bai | 2014 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2014，7，4： | 3 |
| 6 | Strategic Analysis of a Regulatory Conflict Using Dempster-Shafer Theory and AHP for Preference Elicitation显示文摘Dempster-Shafer Theory (DST) and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) are integrated in order to elicit preference information from experts regarding decision makers (DMs) involved in a regulatory conflict. More precisely, DST is used for combining expert knowledge regarding preferences of a specific DM (the regulatory body), and AHP is employed for ranking feasible states in the conflict for this same DM. In order to illustrate how this preference elicitation proposal can be conveniently implemented in practice within the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution (GMCR), it is applied to a real construction dispute located in the city of Ipojuca, Brazil. The conflict is modeled with three DMs: support, opposition, and the regulatory body. Results show that the new preference methodology possesses many inherent advantages including high flexibility the ability to capture uncertainty or even ignorance about preferences, the possibility of combining expert knowledge with respect to missing preferences, and a substantial reduction in the number of pairwise comparisons of states required to express preference information. | Maisa M. Silva Keith W. Hipel D. Marc Kilgour Ana Paula C. S. Costa | 2019 | Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering2019，28，4： | 2 |
| 7 | HOW DO THE RATES OF HALOPHILIC ATTACKS COMPARE WITH THE RATES OF PROTOPHILIC ATTACKS?显示文摘The measured relative rates of halophilic and protophilic attacks (k_X/k_H) indicate that the rates of halophilic attacks are comparable in magnitude to those of protophilic attacks (deprotonations). | Xing Ya LI, Ming. Hu TU and Xi Kui JIANG~* Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032 | 1993 | Chinese Chemical Letters1993，4，5： | 2 |
| 8 | CT Scanning For the Evaluation of Cervical Spine Trauma.显示文摘Thirty-three cases of cervical spine fractures were inenti-fied among 51 cases undergoing GT of the cervical spine fol- | Zeng Youlu et al. Dept Radiology China-Japan Friendship Hospital. Beijing 100029. Chin J Orth | 1995 | Chinese Medical Journal1995，，11： | 2 |
| 9 | The Study of Apolipoprotein B Gene Polymorphisms by Polymerase Chain Reaction.显示文摘Two polymorphic sites of apolipoprotein B(apoB) gene-Xbal and EcoRI were examined in a sample of 103 patients with documented coronary heart disease (CHD) and 100 healthy individuals. It was demonstrated: (1) The frequencies of rare X^+ allele (presence of Xbal cutting site) and E-allele (absence of cutting site) were significantly higher in CHD patients than those in controls. It was suggested that these genetic variations were associated with CHD. (2) The patients with genotype of X^+ X^- had significantly | Ye Ping, et al. PLA Genefal Hospital, Beijing 100853. Chin J Med Lab Tech 1994 | 1994 | Chinese Medical Journal1994，，7： | 1 |
| 10 | SDS-PAGE PROTEIN PATTERN AND ITS ANTIGENICITY ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT ISOLATES OF SCHISTOSOMA JAPONICUM IN CHINA显示文摘Homogenates prepared from S. japonicum adult worms ofdifferent isolates from Anhui, Hubei, Guangxi, Yunnan andSichuan Provinces were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and enzymelinked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) tested with rabbitanti-snails antibody. The results of SDS-PAGE indicated thatwith silver staining both male and female worms of Guangxiisolate showed some definite differences in their protein profile,namely, absence of one band between 50-75 kDa in maleworms and marked reduction in quantity of > 110 and 30 kDabands in female worms. There was no obvious differenceamong other isolates both in male and female worms. TheEITB patterns were similar in S. japonicum of Anhui andHubei, and it was also the case with isolates from Yunnan andSichuau, except that Yuunan female worms had a distinct | 薛海筹 裘丽姝 何毅勋 张永红 诸陈文 | 1994 | Chinese Medical Journal1994，，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Genetic diversity and reproductive success of a wild population of Chinese sturgeon(Acipenser sinensis)from the Yangtze River inferred from juveniles born in 2014显示文摘The Chinese sturgeon(Acipenser sinensis Gray,1835)is a large anadromous fish species,which is under considerable threat due to dramatic declines in population numbers.In the current study,population genetic diversity and individual reproductive success were assessed using nuclear microsatellite markers(simple sequence repeat,SSR)and complete mitochondrial(mt DNA)genome analysis of juveniles born in 2014.Results showed the existence of size polymorphism in the mt DNA genome of Chinese sturgeon,which was caused by a repeat motif.Population genetic diversity was high based on both SSR(Ho:0.728±0.211;He:0.779±0.122)and mt DNA genome analyses(H:0.876±0.0035;Pi:0.0011±0.0010).A positive inbreeding coefficient(FIS:0.066±0.143)was also found,indicating the occurrence of inbreeding.Reconstruction of sibling groups identified 11 mothers and 11 fathers involved in reproduction of Chinese sturgeons in 2014.Variance in individual reproductive success was not significant,with reproductive success of parent fish instead shown to be relatively even(P=0.997>0.05),thus suggesting the absence of sweepstakes reproductive success(SRS).These results indicate that,in regard to conservation,loss of genetic diversity due to the effects of SRS is not of particular concern.However,we must focus on having an adequate number of adults and suitable environmental conditions to ensure that fish can reproduce. | Zhong-Yuan Shen Dan Yu Xin Gao Fu-Tie Zhang Huan-Zhang Liu | 2020 | Zoological Research2020，41，4： | 1 |
| 12 | P16 GENE EXPRESSION IN OVARIAN EPITHELIAL CYSTADENOCARCINOMA显示文摘P16 gene expression was measured by immnohistochemical method in poor differentiated serous cystadenocarcinoma cell line, xenograft of highly metastasizing human ovarian carcinoma in nude mice and paramn embedded tissues from 69 patients with ovarian carcinoma. The result showed that P16 gene was positive expression in HO-8910 cell of mother line,HO8910PM cell line and xenograft of highly mcatstasizing human ovarian carcinoma in nude mice. However, P16gene in the metastatic cell had a weaker expression. P16gene positive expression were also found in sl cases of 69cases (73.9%) in the ovarian epithelial carcinoma paramn embedded tissues. Comparative studies showed that the positive rate of P16 gene expression markedly reduced with the increase of pathologic grade and clinical stage,metastasis in the lymph node and decrease of 5-year survival (P<0.05, p<0.01).P16 gene is not only a controller of cytokerastic cycle, but also a key member of tumorigenic suppresser:its absence and expression degree are also correlated with the ovarian carcinoma genesis and development,especially with the metastasis of the ovarian cancer. | 倪型灏 许沈华 吴雄伟 张谷 钱丽娟 高永良 | 1997 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research1997，9，1： | 1 |
| 13 | The structure of the human 4F2hc-LAT1 heteromeric amino acid transporter显示文摘Amino acids are biologically important molecules that serve as energy source, building blocks of proteins, precursors for metabolites and signaling compounds in all living cells.Transport of proteinogenic amino acids and related substances across biological membranes is mediated by membrane embedded proteins:the amino acid transporters. These membrane proteins belong to different solute carrier (SLC)families (http://slc.bioparadigms.org) and transfer amino acids in and out between compartments inside cells, between different cells and between organs. Amino acid transporters have diverse important physiological functions and their absence, overexpression and malfunction can lead to human diseases. | Dimitrios Fotiadis Jean-Marc Jeckelmann | 2019 | Science China(Life Sciences)2019，62，6： | 1 |
| 14 | Vertebral Hemangioma椎体海绵状血管瘤(英文)显示文摘Key FactsDefinition: Benign vertebral body vascular tumor.Classic imaging appearance: Hypodense lesion (CT) with coarse, verticallyoriented trabeculae;hyperintense (MRI) on both T1WI and T2WI.Most common spinal axis tumor: (1) Incidental lesion identified on imaging performed for unrelated reasons. (2) Rarer presentation (clinical or radiographic) is “aggressive hemangioma”.Radiographic diagnostic criteria are lesion growth, bone destruction, vertebral collapse, absence of fat in lesion, and active vascular component.May extend epidurally and cause cord compression. | Brant-Zawadzki M Chen MZ Moore KR 关键 | 2019 | 影像诊断与介入放射学2019，28，5： | 1 |
| 15 | One-time pulmonary artery reconstruction to repair infant unilateral absence of pulmonary artery: A case report显示文摘INTRODUCTION Unilateral Absence of Pulmonary Artery(UAPA)is a rare complicated congenital heart disease firstly described by Frentzel in 1868.An absent pulmonary artery is caused by the involution of the proximal sixth aortic arch and persistence of the connection of the intrapulmonary pulmonary artery to the distal sixth aortic arch in embryonic development period.Patent ductus arteriosus which connects the pulmonary arteries with systemic circulation artery might get atresia gradually after birth with lack of blood flow for this side of pulmonary arteries and pulmonary hypertension in the other side.There are no evidences showing the development of the pulmonary vessels especially in the position of the hilus of the lung and the distribution of the pulmonary arteries on the regular examination,such as echocardiogram and CT scan.Our team has taken enhanced CT scan and three-dimensional reconstruction to confirm the diagnosis and to assess the surgical indications.We adopted utwosegment”technique to reconstruct the absent pulmonary artery for a 3-month-old infant followed by significant alleviation of pulmonary hypertension and excellent rehabilitation. | 闫新建 岑坚正 庄建 陈寄梅 温树生 许刚 刘晓冰 | 2019 | South China Journal of Cardiology2019，20，1： | 1 |
| 16 | CATALYSIS OF METALLO-PORPHYRINS IN OXIDATION OF P-NITROTOLUENE BY ELECTRO-GENEEATED SUPEROXIDE ION显示文摘The oxidation of pnitrotoluene with electro-generated superoxide ion in the presence or absence of metallo-porphyrins FeTPP, MnTPP and CoTPP in DMF was studied by cyclic voltammetry and controlled potential electrolysis, Metallo-porphyrins as catalysts for electroreduction of O2, they can not only increase yields of p-nitrobensoic acid and selectivities of reaction but also enable the reaction proceed at lower negative potential. | Su Fang WANG,~*Hong Sheng LU, Suo Bo ZHANG, Yin Jie LIN, Ying Kai XU Department of chemistry, Jilin University. The National Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering. Changchun, 130023 | 1992 | Chinese Chemical Letters1992，3，7： | 0 |
| 17 | Evolutionary selection on MDA5 and LGP2 in the chicken preserves antiviral competence in the absence of RIG-I显示文摘The pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) act as the first line of defense against pathogens and are common molecular targets in the conflict between viruses and their host (Tan et al.,2018).The RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs),including RIG-I (Yoneyama et al.,2004),MDA5 (Andrejeva et al.,2004),and LGP2 (Saito et al.,2007),are PRRs and reside in the cytoplasm.These proteins recognize the RNA structures of different viral RNA species.All RLRs have an intermediate RNA helicase domain that catalyzes ATP hydrolysis and a C-terminal domain (CTD). | Ling Xu Dandan Yu Yu Fan Yi-Ping Liu Yong-Gang Yao | 2019 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2019，46，10： | 0 |
| 18 | Acute exacerbation of chronic subjective tinnitus:a cross-sectional study显示文摘To the Editor:Tinnitus is the impression of sounds in the absence of external sounds.Tinnitus affects 10%to 15%of adults,and about 20%of those with tinnitus considered it bothersome.[1]The impact of tinnitus is well-recognized in the general population and military veterans.Tinnitus reduces the quality of life by generating anxiety and concentration problems,impairing the ability to do intellectual work,making it difficult to sleep,and causing depression which,in severe cases,leads to suicide.The incidence of tinnitus is increasing as a result of the population aging,the pace of life accelerating,increased noise exposure from construction and entertainment activity,and increases in armed conflicts in some areas.However,there is an absence of studies concerning the exacerbation of tinnitus.The present study reports tinnitus aggravating data that address this gap,to prevent the occurrence of tinnitus-related comorbidities and improve the management of tinnitus. | Bi-Xing Fang Yin-Fei Liang Jing Gu Zhi-Cheng Li Zhen-Zhi Li Jin-Tian Cen Lian-Xiong Yuan Ke Zheng Dan Chen Xiang-Li Zeng | 2021 | Chinese Medical Journal2021，，10： | 0 |
| 19 | The Absence of Father in The Glass Menagerie显示文摘In English literature, the absence of father is not a new theme. In The Glass Menagerie, the father Mr. Wingfield as the fifth character is absent. This paper will discuss from the angle of the father's absence, through analyzing the effects of his absence,the reader can realize the importance of father's existence and see the social realities reflected from the play. | 乔怡平 | 2014 | 海外英语2014，，23： | 0 |
| 20 | Frontal Absence Seizures: Clinical and EEG Analysis of Four Cases显示文摘ACCORDING to the commission of InternationalLeague Against Epilepsy (ILAE) in 1989, typicalabsence seizures are generalized seizures,characterized by transient impairment of consciousness(TIC) and generalized >2.5 Hz spike and slowwave discharges in ictal EEG.1 Absence seizures with focalonset have been reported occasionally, such as frontal,temporal or parieto-occipital origin.2-3 Lagae et al 4 identified asubgroup of children with absence epilepsy as frontalabsence, whose ictal electroencephalograms (EEGs) showedgeneralized spike and slow wave preceded by frontaldischarge. We presented four cases of frontal absence,with one case of frontal absence status epilepticus in them.The differences between typical and frontal absenceseizures in clinical context and EEG were discussed. | Li-ling Dong Qiang Lu Yan Huang Xiang-qin Zhou | 2016 | Chinese Medical Sciences Journal2016，31，4： | 0 |
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