|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | 3D bioactive composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering显示文摘Bone is the second most commonly transplanted tissue worldwide,with over four million operations using bone grafts or bone substitute materials annually to treat bone defects.However,significant limitations affect current treatment options and clinical demand for bone grafts continues to rise due to conditions such as trauma,cancer,infection and arthritis.Developing bioactive three-dimensional(3D)scaffolds to support bone regeneration has therefore become a key area of focus within bone tissue engineering(BTE).A variety of materials and manufacturing methods including 3D printing have been used to create novel alternatives to traditional bone grafts.However,individual groups of materials including polymers,ceramics and hydrogels have been unable to fully replicate the properties of bone when used alone.Favourable material properties can be combined and bioactivity improved when groups of materials are used together in composite 3D scaffolds.This review will therefore consider the ideal properties of bioactive composite 3D scaffolds and examine recent use of polymers,hydrogels,metals,ceramics and bio-glasses in BTE.Scaffold fabrication methodology,mechanical performance,biocompatibility,bioactivity,and potential clinical translations will be discussed. | Gareth Turnbull Jon Clarke Frederic Picard Philip Riches Luanluan Jia Fengxuan Han Bin Li Wenmiao Shu | 2018 | Bioactive Materials2018，3，3： | 40 |
| 2 | 3D bioprinting for biomedical devices and tissue engineering: A review of recent trends and advances显示文摘3D printing,an additive manufacturing based technology for precise 3D construction,is currently widely employed to enhance applicability and function of cell laden scaffolds.Research on novel compatible biomaterials for bioprinting exhibiting fast crosslinking properties is an essential prerequisite toward advancing 3D printing applications in tissue engineering.Printability to improve fabrication process and cell encapsulation are two of the main factors to be considered in development of 3D bioprinting.Other important factors include but are not limited to printing fidelity,stability,crosslinking time,biocompatibility,cell encapsulation and proliferation,shear-thinning properties,and mechanical properties such as mechanical strength and elasticity.In this review,we recite recent promising advances in bioink development as well as bioprinting methods.Also,an effort has been made to include studies with diverse types of crosslinking methods such as photo,chemical and ultraviolet(UV).We also propose the challenges and future outlook of 3D bioprinting application in medical sciences and discuss the high performance bioinks. | Soroosh Derakhshanfar Rene Mbeleck Kaige Xu Xingying Zhang Wen Zhong Malcolm Xing | 2018 | Bioactive Materials2018，3，2： | 21 |
| 3 | Three-dimensional bioprinting collagen/silk fibroin scaffold combined with neural stem cells promotes nerve regeneration after spinal cord injury显示文摘Many studies have shown that bio-scaffolds have important value for promoting axonal regeneration of injured spinal cord.Indeed,cell transplantation and bio-scaffold implantation are considered to be effective methods for neural regeneration.This study was designed to fabricate a type of three-dimensional collagen/silk fibroin scaffold (3D-CF) with cavities that simulate the anatomy of normal spinal cord.This scaffold allows cell growth in vitro and in vivo.To observe the effects of combined transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) and 3D-CF on the repair of spinal cord injury.Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: sham (only laminectomy was performed),spinal cord injury (transection injury of T10 spinal cord without any transplantation),3D-CF (3D scaffold was transplanted into the local injured cavity),and 3D-CF + NSCs (3D scaffold co-cultured with NSCs was transplanted into the local injured cavity.Neuroelectrophysiology,imaging,hematoxylin-eosin staining,argentaffin staining,immunofluorescence staining,and western blot assay were performed.Apart from the sham group,neurological scores were significantly higher in the 3D-CF + NSCs group compared with other groups.Moreover,latency of the 3D-CF + NSCs group was significantly reduced,while the amplitude was significantly increased in motor evoked potential tests.The results of magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging showed that both spinal cord continuity and the filling of injury cavity were the best in the 3D-CF + NSCs group.Moreover,regenerative axons were abundant and glial scarring was reduced in the 3D-CF + NSCs group compared with other groups.These results confirm that implantation of 3D-CF combined with NSCs can promote the repair of injured spinal cord.This study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of People’s Armed Police Force Medical Center in 2017 (approval No.2017-0007.2). | Ji-Peng Jiang Xiao-Yin Liu Fei Zhao Xiang Zhu Xiao-Yin Li Xue-Gang Niu Zi-Tong Yao Chen Dai Hui-You Xu Ke Ma Xu-Yi Chen Sai Zhang | 2020 | Neural Regeneration Research2020，15，5： | 14 |
| 4 | Recent advances in biomaterials for 3D scaffolds: A review显示文摘Considering the advantages and disadvantages of biomaterials used for the production of 3D scaffolds for tissue engineering,new strategies for designing advanced functional biomimetic structures have been reviewed.We offer a comprehensive summary of recent trends in development of single-(metal,ceramics and polymers),composite-type and cell-laden scaffolds that in addition to mechanical support,promote simultaneous tissue growth,and deliver different molecules(growth factors,cytokines,bioactive ions,genes,drugs,antibiotics,etc.)or cells with therapeutic or facilitating regeneration effect.The paper briefly focuses on divers 3D bioprinting constructs and the challenges they face.Based on their application in hard and soft tissue engineering,in vitro and in vivo effects triggered by the structural and biological functionalized biomaterials are underlined.The authors discuss the future outlook for the development of bioactive scaffolds that could pave the way for their successful imposing in clinical therapy. | Maria P.Nikolova Murthy S.Chavali | 2019 | Bioactive Materials2019，4，1： | 11 |
| 5 | 3-D bioprinting technologies in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine:Current and future trends显示文摘Advances in three-dimensional(3D)printing have increased feasibility towards the synthesis of living tissues.Known as 3D bioprinting,this technology involves the precise layering of cells,biologic scaffolds,and growth factors with the goal of creating bioidentical tissue for a variety of uses.Early successes have demonstrated distinct advantages over conventional tissue engineering strategies.Not surprisingly,there are current challenges to address before 3D bioprinting becomes clinically relevant.Here we provide an overview of 3D bioprinting technology and discuss key advances,clinical applications,and current limitations.While 3D bioprinting is a relatively novel tissue engineering strategy,it holds great potential to play a key role in personalized medicine. | Elliot S.Bishop Sami Mostafa Mikhail Pakvasa Hue H.Luu Michael J.Lee Jennifer Moriatis Wolf Guillermo A.Ameer Tong-Chuan He Russell R.Reid | 2017 | Genes & Diseases2017，4，4： | 10 |
| 6 | Three-dimensional bioprinting of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)显示文摘The three-dimensional (3D)bioprinting technology has progressed tremendously over the past decade.By controlling the size, shape,and architecture of the bioprinted constructs,3D bioprinting allows for the fabrication of tissue/organ-like constructs with strong structural-functional similarity with their in vivo counterparts at high fidelity.The bioink,a blend of biomaterials and living cells possessing both high biocompatibility and printability,is a critical component of bioprinting.In particular, gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)has shown its potential as a viable bioink material due to its suitable biocompatibility and readily tunable physicochemical properties.Current GelMA-based bioinks and relevant bioprinting strategies for GelMA bioprinting are briefly reviewed. | Guoliang Ying Nan Jiang Cunjiang Yu Yu Shrike Zhang | 2018 | Bio-Design and Manufacturing2018，1，4： | 8 |
| 7 | Skin bioprinting:the future of burn wound reconstruction?显示文摘Burns are a significant cause of trauma,and over the years,the focus of patient care has shifted from just survival to facilitation of improved functional outcomes.Typically,burn treatment,especially in the case of extensive burn injuries,involves surgical excision of injured skin and reconstruction of the burn injury with the aid of skin substitutes.Conventional skin substitutes do not contain all skin cell types and do not facilitate recapitulation of native skin physiology.Three-dimensional(3D)bioprinting for reconstruction of burn injuries involves layer-by-layer deposition of cells along with scaffolding materials over the injured areas.Skin bioprinting can be done either in situ or in vitro.Both these approaches are similar except for the site of printing and tissue maturation.There are technological and regulatory challenges that need to be overcome for clinical translation of bioprinted skin for burn reconstruction.However,the use of bioprinting for skin reconstruction following burns is promising;bioprinting will enable accurate placement of cell types and precise and reproducible fabrication of constructs to replace the injured or damaged sites.Overall,3D bioprinting is a very transformative technology,and its use for wound reconstruction will lead to a paradigm shift in patient outcomes.In this review,we aim to introduce bioprinting,the different stages involved,in vitro and in vivo skin bioprinting,and the various clinical and regulatory challenges in adoption of this technology. | Mathew Varkey Dafydd O.Visscher Paul P.Mvan Zuijlen Anthony Atala James J.Yoo | 2019 | Burns & Trauma2019，7，1： | 8 |
| 8 | Microcarriers in application for cartilage tissue engineering: Recent progress and challenges显示文摘Successful regeneration of cartilage tissue at a clinical scale has been a tremendous challenge in the past decades. Microcarriers (MCs), usually used for cell and drug delivery, have been studied broadly across a wide range of medical fields, especially the cartilage tissue engineering (TE). Notably, microcarrier systems provide an attractive method for regulating cell phenotype and microtissue maturations, they also serve as powerful injectable carriers and are combined with new technologies for cartilage regeneration. In this review, we introduced the typical methods to fabricate various types of microcarriers and discussed the appropriate ma-terials for microcarriers. Furthermore, we highlighted recent progress of applications and general design prin-ciple for microcarriers. Finally, we summarized the current challenges and promising prospects of microcarrier-based systems for medical applications. Overall, this review provides comprehensive and systematic guidelines for the rational design and applications of microcarriers in cartilage TE. | Sheng-Long Ding Xin Liu Xi-Yuan Zhao Ke-Tao Wang Wei Xiong Zi-Li Gao Cheng-Yi Sun Min-Xuan Jia Cheng Li Qi Gu Ming-Zhu Zhang | 2022 | Bioactive Materials2022，7，11： | 5 |
| 9 | 3D Bioprinting:A Novel Avenue for Manufacturing Tissues and Organs显示文摘Three-dimensional(3D)bioprinting is a rapidly growing technology that has been widely used in tissue engineering,disease studies,and drug screening.It provides the unprecedented capacity of depositing various types of biomaterials,cells,and biomolecules in a layer-by-layer fashion,with precisely controlled spatial distribution.This technology is expected to address the organ-shortage issue in the future.In this review,we first introduce three categories of 3D bioprinting strategies:inkjet-based printing(IBP),extrusion-based printing(EBP),and light-based printing(LBP).Biomaterials and cells,which are normally referred to as“bioinks,”are then discussed.We also systematically describe the recent advancements of 3D bioprinting in fabricating cell-laden artificial tissues and organs with solid or hollow structures,including cartilage,bone,skin,muscle,vascular network,and so on.The development of organs-onchips utilizing 3D bioprinting technology for drug discovery and toxicity testing is reviewed as well.Finally,the main challenges in current studies and an outlook of the future research of 3D bioprinting are discussed. | Bin Zhang Lei Gao Liang Ma Yichen Luo Huayong Yang Zhanfeng Cui | 2019 | Engineering2019，5，4： | 5 |
| 10 | Comprehensive Application of Graphene: Emphasis on Biomedical Concerns显示文摘Graphene, sp^2 hybridized carbon framework of one atom thickness, is reputed as the strongest material to date. It has marked its impact in manifold applications including electronics, sensors, composites, and catalysis. Current state-of-the-art graphene research revolves around its biomedical applications. The two-dimensional(2D) planar structure of graphene provides a large surface area for loading drugs/biomolecules and the possibility of conjugating fluorescent dyes for bioimaging. The high near-infrared absorbance makes graphene ideal for photothermal therapy. Henceforth, graphene turns out to be a reliable multifunctional material for use in diagnosis and treatment. It exhibits antibacterial property by directly interacting with the cell membrane. Potential application of graphene as a sca old for the attachment and proliferation of stem cells and neuronal cells is captivating in a tissue regeneration scenario. Fabrication of 2D graphene into a 3D structure is made possible with the help of 3D printing, a revolutionary technology having promising applications in tissue and organ engineering. However, apart from its advantageous application scope, use of graphene raises toxicity concerns. Several reports have confirmed the potential toxicity of graphene and its derivatives, and the inconsistency may be due to the lack of standardized consensus protocols. The present review focuses on the hidden facts of graphene and its biomedical application, with special emphasis on drug delivery, biosensing, bioimaging, antibacterial, tissue engineering, and 3D printing applications. | S.Syama P.V.Mohanan | 2019 | Nano-Micro Letters2019，11，1： | 4 |
| 11 | Anisotropy Properties of Tissues: A Basis for Fabrication of Biomimetic Anisotropic Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering显示文摘Tissue engineering has been a subject of extensive scientific exploration in the last two decades making gradual inroads into clinical studies as well.Along with regenerative cells and growth factors,biomaterial scaffolds are integral to the development of a tissue engi neered construct.It is now appreciated that scaffolds should mimic the target tissue properties intimately in order to provide a micro-environment milieu that allows the seeded cells to differentiate into the desired tissue.Even from a structural viewpoint,mismatch between scaffold and native matrix properties can cause cell necrosis through mechanisms such as stress shielding.One of the key prop erties of most body tissues is that they exhib社anisotropy.However,most fabrication methods generate isotropic scaffolds and require specific modifications to produce anisotropic scaffolds.In the last decade,the advent of additive manufacturing and bioprinting has provided facile tools to fabricate scaffolds with desired anisotropy.On the other hand,a biomimetic scaffold can be designed only when target tissue anisotropy is well known to the tissue engineer.This review presents an overview of the anisotropic properties of different tissues,which will be critical for developing biomimetic engineered constructs.The traditional anatomical records do not adequately present these properties from the perspective of designing tissue engineering scaffolds.Subsequently,present state-of-the art in devel opment of anisotropic scaffolds as well as tissue constructs using different conventional and emerging fabrication techniques is discussed.It is expected that the readers will obtain a comprehensive reference on the research area by examining these two aspects juxtaposed to each other and gain key trends for fabrication of anisotropic scaffolds,plausibly with improved regenerative outcomes. | Pallab Datta Veena Vyas Santanu Dhara Amit Roy Chowdhury Ananya Barui | 2019 | Journal of Bionic Engineering2019，16，5： | 4 |
| 12 | Polyelectrolyte gelatin-chitosan hydrogel optimized for 3D bioprinting in skin tissue engineering显示文摘Bioprinting is a promising automated platform that enables the simultaneous deposition of multiple types of cells and biomaterials to fabricate complex three-dimensional(3D)tissue constructs.Collagen-based biomaterial used in most of the previous works on skin bioprinting has poor printability and long crosslinking time.This posed an immense challenge to create 3D constructs with pre-determined shape and configuration at high throughput.Recently,the use of chitosan for wound healing applications has attracted huge attention due to its attractive traits such as its antimicrobial properties and ability to trigger hemostasis.In this paper,we optimized polyelectrolyte gelatin-chitosan hydrogel for 3D bioprinting.Modification to the chitosan was carried out via the oppositely charged functional groups from chitosan and gelatin at a specific pH of^pH 6.5 to form polyelectrolyte complexes.The polyelectrolyte hydrogels were evaluated in terms of physical interactions within polymer blend,rheological properties(viscosities,storage and loss modulus),printing resolution at varying pressures and feed rates and biocompatibility.The polyelectrolyte gelatin-chitosan hydrogels formulated in this work was optimized for 3D bioprinting at room temperature to achieve high shape fidelity of the printed 3D constructs and good biocompatibility with fibroblast skin cells. | Wei Long Ng Wai Yee Yeong May Win Naing | 2016 | International Journal of Bioprinting2016，2，1： | 4 |
| 13 | Bioprinting of novel 3D tumor array chip for drug screening显示文摘Biomedical field has been seeking a feasible standard drug screening system consisting of 3D tumor model array for drug researching due to providing sufficient samples and simulating actual in vivo tumor growth situation,which is still a challenge to rapidly and uniformly establish though.Here,we propose a novel drug screening system,namely 3D tumor array chip with“layer cake”structure,for drug screening.Accurate gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel droplets(~0.1μL)containing tumor cells can be automatically deposited on demand with electrohydrodynamic 3D printing.Transparent conductive membrane is introduced as a chip basement for preventing charges accumulation during fabricating and convenient observing during screening.Culturing chambers formed by stainless steel and silicon interlayer is convenient to be assembled and recycled.As this chip is compatible with the existing 96-well culturing plate,the drug screening protocols could keep the same as convention.Important properties of this chip,namely printing stability,customizability,accuracy,microenvironment,tumor functionalization,are detailly examined.As a demonstration,it is applied for screening of epirubicin and paclitaxel with breast tumor cells to confirm the compatibility of the proposed screening system with the traditional screening methods.We believe this chip will potentially play a significant role in drug evaluation in the future. | Mingjun Xie Qing Gao Jianzhong Fu Zichen Chen Yong He | 2020 | Bio-Design and Manufacturing2020，3，3： | 3 |
| 14 | 3D printing biomimeticmaterials and structures for biomedical applications显示文摘Over millions of years of evolution,nature has created organisms with overwhelming performances due to their unique materials and structures,providing us with valuable inspirations for the development of next-generation biomedical devices.As a promising new technology,3D printing enables the fabrication of multiscale,multi-material,and multi-functional threedimensional(3D)biomimetic materials and structures with high precision and great flexibility.The manufacturing challenges of biomedical devices with advanced biomimetic materials and structures for various applications were overcome with the flourishing development of 3D printing technologies.In this paper,the state-of-the-art additive manufacturing of biomimetic materials and structures in the field of biomedical engineering were overviewed.Various kinds of biomedical applications,including implants,lab-on-chip,medicine,microvascular network,and artificial organs and tissues,were respectively discussed.The technical challenges and limitations of biomimetic additive manufacturing in biomedical applications were further investigated,and the potential solutions and intriguing future technological developments of biomimetic 3D printing of biomedical devices were highlighted. | Yizhen Zhu Dylan Joralmon Weitong Shan Yiyu Chen Jiahui Rong Hanyu Zhao Siqi Xiao Xiangjia Li | 2021 | Bio-Design and Manufacturing2021，4，2： | 3 |
| 15 | Laser-assisted bioprinting at different wavelengths and pulse durations with a metal dynamic release layer:A parametric study显示文摘For more than a decade,living cells and biomaterials(typically hydrogels)are printed via laser-assisted bioprinting.Often,a thin metal layer is applied as laser-absorbing material called dynamic release layer(DRL).This layer is vaporized by focused laser pulses generating vapor pressure that propels forward a coated biomaterial.Different lasers with laser wavelengths from 193 to 1064 nanometer have been used.As a metal DRL gold,silver,or titanium layers have been used.The applied laser pulse durations were usually in the nanosecond range from 1 to 30 ns.In addition,some studies with femtosecond lasers have been published.However,there are no studies on the effect of all these lasers parameters on bioprinting with a metal DRL,and on comparing different wavelengths and pulse durations–except one study comparing 500 femtosecond pulses with 15 ns pulses.In this paper,the effects of laser wavelength(355,532,and 1064 nm)and laser pulse duration(in the range of 8 to 200 ns)are investigated.Furthermore,the effects of laser pulse energy,intensity,and focal spot size are studied.The printed droplet volume,hydrogel jet velocity,and cell viability are analyzed. | Lothar Koch Ole Brandt Andrea Deiwick Boris Chichkov | 2017 | International Journal of Bioprinting2017，3，1： | 3 |
| 16 | 3D bioprinting of stem cells and polymer/bioactive glass composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering显示文摘A major limitation of using synthetic scaffolds in tissue engineering applications is insufficient angiogenesis in scaffold interior.Bioactive borate glasses have been shown to promote angiogenesis.There is a need to investigate the biofabrication of polymer composites by incorporating borate glass to increase the angiogenic capacity of the fabricated scaffolds.In this study,we investigated the bioprinting of human adipose stem cells(ASCs)with a polycaprolactone(PCL)/bioactive borate glass composite.Borate glass at the concentration of 10 to 50 weight%,was added to a mixture of PCL and organic solvent to make an extrudable paste.ASCs suspended in Matrigel were ejected as droplets using a second syringe.Scaffolds measuring 10×10×1 mm^3 in overall dimensions with pore sizes ranging from 100–300μm were fabricated.Degradation of the scaffolds in cell culture medium showed a controlled release of bioactive glass for up to two weeks.The viability of ASCs printed on the scaffold was investigated during the same time period.This 3D bioprinting method shows a high potential to create a bioactive,highly angiogenic three-dimensional environment required for complex and dynamic interactions that govern the cell’s behavior in vivo. | Caroline Murphy Krishna Kolan Wenbin Li Julie Semon Delbert Day Ming Leu | 2017 | International Journal of Bioprinting2017，3，1： | 3 |
| 17 | Role of three-dimensional printing and artificial intelligence in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma:Challenges and opportunities显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)constitutes the fifth most frequent malignancy worldwide and the third most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths.Currently,treatment selection is based on the stage of the disease.Emerging fields such as three-dimensional(3D)printing,3D bioprinting,artificial intelligence(AI),and machine learning(ML)could lead to evidence-based,individualized management of HCC.In this review,we comprehensively report the current applications of 3D printing,3D bioprinting,and AI/ML-based models in HCC management;we outline the significant challenges to the broad use of these novel technologies in the clinical setting with the goal of identifying means to overcome them,and finally,we discuss the opportunities that arise from these applications.Notably,regarding 3D printing and bioprinting-related challenges,we elaborate on cost and cost-effectiveness,cell sourcing,cell viability,safety,accessibility,regulation,and legal and ethical concerns.Similarly,regarding AI/ML-related challenges,we elaborate on intellectual property,liability,intrinsic biases,data protection,cybersecurity,ethical challenges,and transparency.Our findings show that AI and 3D printing applications in HCC management and healthcare,in general,are steadily expanding;thus,these technologies will be integrated into the clinical setting sooner or later.Therefore,we believe that physicians need to become familiar with these technologies and prepare to engage with them constructively. | Chrysanthos D Christou Georgios Tsoulfas | 2022 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2022，14，4： | 2 |
| 18 | Trends on physical understanding of bioink printability显示文摘Recently, 3D bioprinting is developed as an emerging approach, increasingly applied to materials for healthcare;while, the precise placement of cells and materials, and the shape fidelity of forming constructs is of great importance for successful application of 3D bioprinting. Research efforts have been made to develop new bioinks as 'raw materials' with better biocompatibility and biofunctionality, but the printability of bioinks is largely ignored and still needs to be carefully examined to enable robotic bioprinting. This article aims to introduce a recent published review (Appl. Phys. Rev. 2018, 5, 041304) on the evaluation of bioink printability by Huang's research group from University of Florida. Huang et al. comprehensively reviewed the bioink printability based on the physical point of view during inkjet printing, laser printing, and microextrusion, and a series of self-consistent time scales and dimensi on less quantities were utilized to physically understand and evaluate bioink printability. This article would be helpful to know the trends on physical understanding of bioink printability. | Jun Yin Dengke Zhao Jingyi Liu | 2019 | Bio-Design and Manufacturing2019，2，1： | 2 |
| 19 | Three-dimensional bioprinting speeds up smart regenerative medicine显示文摘Biological materials can actively participate in the formation of bioactive organs and can even control cell fate to form functional tissues that we name as the smart regenerative medicine(SRM). The SRM requires interdisciplinary efforts to finalize the pre-designed organs. Three-dimensional(3D) printing, as an additive manufacturing technology, has been widely used in various fields due to its high resolution and individuation. In SRM, with the assistance of 3D printing, cells and biomaterials could be precisely positioned to construct complicated tissues. This review summarizes the state of the SRM advances and focuses in particular on the 3D printing application in biofabrication. We further discuss the issues of SRM development and finally propose some approaches for future 3D printing, which involves SRM. | Qi Gu He Zhu Jing Li Xia Li Jie Hao Gordon G.Wallace Qi Zhou | 2016 | National Science Review2016，3，3： | 2 |
| 20 | The arrival of commercial bioprinters-Towards 3D bioprinting revolution!显示文摘The dawn of commercial bioprinting is rapidly advancing the tissue engineering field.In the past few years,new bioprinting approaches as well as novel bioinks formulations have emerged,enabling biological research groups to demonstrate the use of such technology to fabricate functional and relevant tissue models.In recent years,several companies have launched bioprinters pushing for early adoption and democratisation of bioprinting.This article reviews the progress in commercial bioprinting since the inception,with a particular focus on the comparison of different available printing technologies and important features of the individual technologies as well as various existing applications.Various challenges and potential design considerations for next generations of bioprinters are also discussed. | Deepak Choudhury Shivesh Anand May Win Naing | 2018 | International Journal of Bioprinting2018，4，2： | 2 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员