|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | When will China achieve its carbon emission peak?显示文摘Global warming is primarily attributed to the significant increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration,which is caused mainly by carbon emissions generated from fossil fuel combustion[1].Efficient measures are required to control these emissions and reduce global warming. | Tianli Zheng Jiangling Zhu Shaopeng Wang Jingyun Fang | 2016 | National Science Review2016，3，1： | 9 |
| 2 | 西北欧全新世中期的Elm Decline研究新进展显示文摘在5000aBP西北欧发生的ElmDecline,是全新世突发性环境事件或灾变过程的表现。它在60年来一直是欧洲环境变迁、考古和(14)C年代学界关。C的热点论题。对其研究进展作了系统的评述,以了解其研究现状,促进我国全新世环境变迁和人地关系演变科学研究。 | 黄春长 | 1996 | 地球科学进展1996，11，5： | 5 |
| 3 | The efficacy and safety of nimodipine in acute ischemic stroke patients with mild cognitive impairment: a double-blind, randomized,placebo-controlled trial显示文摘Nimodipine might be effective in subcortical vascular dementia(VaD). Its benefit in preventing further cognitive decline in patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS) and vascular mild cognitive impairment(VaMCI) remains to be established. In this multicenter, double-blind trial, we randomly assigned 654 eligible patients to nimodipine 30 mg three times a day or placebo. The primary outcome was any cognitive decline defined by the changes on the Mini-Mental State Examination(DMMSE à3) or vascular AD assessment scale cognitive subscale(DADAS-cog ! 4) at 6 months. Secondary outcomes included any distribution shift of DADAS-cog, DMMSE or cognitive improvement defined by DADAS-cog à2, or DMMSE ! 0. The primary outcome in the nimodipine group and placebo group were similar for DMMSE à3(4.18% and 7.22%, respectively, P = 0.15) and DADAS-cog ! 4(8.36% and 8.93% respectively,P = 0.88). The distribution shift of DADAS-cog and DMMSE differed significantly between the two groups(P = 0.03 and P = 0.05 respectively). Cognitive improvement occurred in 55.4% in the nimodipine group and 43.6% in the placebo group measured by DADAS-cog à2(Odds Ratio, 1.54; 95% confidence interval[CI] 1.10–2.14, P < 0.01) or 84.0% and 74.6% respectively by DMMSE ! 0(Odds Ratio, 1.79; 95% CI 1.18–2.70, P < 0.01). Nimodipine was associated with better cognitive function in the memory domain. The adverse events rate was similar in two groups. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov,NCT01220622. Nimodipine did not show benefit to prevent cognitive decline in AIS patients with VaMCI, but improved cognition moderately, especially measured in the memory domain. | Huaguang Zheng Yilong Wang Anxin Wang Hao Li David Wang Xingquan Zhao Penglian Wang Haipeng Shen Lijun Zuo Yuesong Pan Zixiao Li Xia Meng Xianwei Wang Weixiong Shi Yi Ju Liping Liu Kehui Dong Chunxue Wang Rubo Sui Rong Xue Xiaoping Pan Xiaoyua Niu Benyan Luo Yi Sui Huali Wang Tao Feng Yongjun Wang | 2019 | Science Bulletin2019，64，2： | 5 |
| 4 | Risks of rapid decline renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes显示文摘Progressive rising population of diabetes and related nephropathy, namely, diabetic kidney disease and associated end stage renal disease has become a major global public health issue. Results of observational studies indicate that most diabetic kidney disease progresses over decades; however, certain diabetes patients display a rapid decline in renal function, which may lead to renal failure within months. Although the definition of rapid renal function decline remained speculative, in general,it is defined by the decrease of estimated glomerular filtration rate(e GFR) in absolute rate of loss or percent change. Based on the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes 2012 clinical practice guidelines, a rapid decline in renal function is defined as a sustained declinein e GFR of > 5 m L/min per 1.73 m2 per year. It has been reported that potential factors contributing to a rapid decline in renal function include ethnic/genetic and demographic causes, smoking habits, increased glycated hemoglobin levels, obesity, albuminuria, anemia, low serum magnesium levels, high serum phosphate levels, vitamin D deficiency, elevated systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity values, retinopathy, and cardiac autonomic neuropathy. This article reviews current literatures in this area and provides insight on the early detection of diabetic subjects who are at risk of a rapid decline in renal function in order to develop a more aggressive approach to renal and cardiovascular protection. | Yi-Jing Sheen Wayne HH Sheu | 2014 | World Journal of Diabetes2014，5，6： | 5 |
| 5 | Recent tree growth decline unprecedented over the last four centuries in a Tibetan juniper forest显示文摘Forest structure and function are subject to risks of growth declines from intensified drought and frequent extreme events related to climate warming.Knowledge of tree growth declines will help anticipate future responses of forests to climate change.In this study,we investigated tree growth declines over the last four centuries in a juniper forest on the eastern Tibetan Plateau.By analyzing the radial growth trajectories of individual trees,we identified two events of intense growth decline,one in 1817–1830 and the other in 1969–1999 over the past four centuries.The intensity of the recent decline was unprecedented in the period under study.Ring-width chronology showed a positive correlation with self-calibrating Palmer Drought Severity Indices and a negative correlation with mean monthly temperatures in May and June.The recent intensified growth decline may have been due to temperatureinduced frequent droughts in the study area.Our findings suggest that trees in this juniper forest may face a higher risk of growth decline and even mortality under continued climate warming. | Yu-Mei Mou Ouya Fang Xuehan Cheng Hongyan Qiu | 2019 | Journal of Forestry Research2019，30，4： | 5 |
| 6 | Decreasing trend of temperature in Princess Elizabeth Land, Antarctica in the past 150 years显示文摘A 50-m firn core drilled in Princess Elizabeth Land, Antarctica, during the 1996/1997 Chinese First Antarctic Inland Expedition, has been measured for δ18O and major ions. Based on the high quality of the seasonal variations of major ions, the firn core was dated with errors within ±3 years. The features of the temperature change in the past 150 years in the investigated region have first been studied based on the oxygen isotope in the upper 32.93 m of the firn core. Results show that the temperature decreased nearly by 2°C in Princess Elizabeth Land in the past 150 years. On the background of the global, especially the Southern Hemispheric warming in the past 150 years, a temperature decline of 2°C in Princess Elizabeth Land likely reflects the impacts of the unique Southern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation, the Antarctic Circumpolar Wave (ACW) and the special terrain (such as the large drainage basins) on the coastal regions of Antarctica. | ZHANG Mingjun1] LI Zhongqin1] XIAO Cunde1] REN Jiawen1] QIN Dahe1] KANG Jiancheng1] LI Jun1] | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002，47，17： | 3 |
| 7 | Early active immunization with Aβ3–10-KLH vaccine reduces tau phosphorylation in the hippocampus and protects cognition of mice显示文摘Active and passive anti-Aβimmunotherapies have successfully been used for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease animal models.However,clinical use of these immunotherapies is not effective,because the vaccination is administered too late.At 1 month of age,100μL of Aβ3–10-KLH peptide(vaccine,2μg/μL)was subcutaneously injected into the neck of an amyloid precursor protein/presenilin-1/tau transgenic(3×Tg-AD)mouse model.Aβ3–10-KLH peptide was re-injected at 1.5,2.5,3.5,4.5,5.5,and 6.5 months of age.Serum levels of Aβantibody were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,while spatial learning and memory ability were evaluated by Morris water maze.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect total tau with HT7 and phosphorylated tau with AT8(phosphorylation sites Ser202 and Thr205)and AT180(phosphorylation site Thr231)antibodies in the hippocampus.In addition,western blot analysis was used to quantify AT8 and AT180 expression in the hippocampus.The results showed that after vaccine injection,mice produced high levels of Aβantibody,cognitive function was significantly improved,and total tau and phosphorylated tau levels were significantly reduced.These findings suggest that early active immunization with Aβ3–10-KLH vaccine can greatly reduce tau phosphorylation,thereby mitigating the cognitive decline of 3×Tg-AD mice.This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of China Medical University,China(approval No.103-316)on April 2,2016. | Jin-Chun Wang Kun Zhu Hui-Yi Zhang Guo-Qing Wang Hui-Ying Liu Yun-Peng Cao | 2020 | Neural Regeneration Research2020，15，3： | 2 |
| 8 | Current controversies and future perspectives on treatment of intensive care unit delirium in adults显示文摘Delirium is the most frequent manifestation of acute brain dysfunction in intensive care unit(ICU).Although antipsychotics are widely used to treat this serious complication,recent evidence has emphasized that these agents did not reduce ICU delirium(ICU-D)prevalence and did not improve survival,length of ICU or hospital stay after its occurrence.Of note,no pharmacological strategy to prevent or treat delirium has been identified,so far.In this scenario,new scientific evidences are urgently needed.Investigations on specific ICU-D subgroups,or focused on different clinical settings,and studies on medications other than antipsychotics,such as dexmedetomidine or melatonin,may represent interesting fields of research.In the meantime,because there is some evidence that ICU-D can be effectively prevented,the literature suggests strengthening all the strategies aimed at prevention through no-pharmacological approaches mostly focused on the correction of risk factors.The more appropriate strategy useful to treat established delirium remains the use of antipsychotics managed by choosing the right doses after a careful case-by-case analysis.While the evidence regarding the use of dexmedetomidine is still conflicting and sparse,this drug offers interesting perspectives for both ICU-D prevention and treatment.This paper aims to provide an overview of current pharmacological approaches of evidence-based medicine practice.The state of the art of the on-going clinical research on the topic and perspectives for future research are also addressed. | Marco Cascella Marco Fiore Sebastiano Leone Domenico Carbone Raffaela Di Napoli | 2019 | World Journal of Critical Care Medicine2019，8，3： | 2 |
| 9 | Winter Arctic warming and its linkage with midlatitude atmospheric circulation and associated cold extremes: The key role of meridional potential vorticity gradient显示文摘The surface air temperature over the Eurasian continent has exhibited a significant cooling trend in recent decades(1990–2013), which has occurred simultaneously with Arctic warming and Arctic sea ice loss. While many studies demonstrated that midlatitude cold extremes are linked to Arctic warming and Arctic sea ice loss, some studies suggest that they are unrelated.The causal relationship between midlatitude cold extremes and Arctic change is uncertain, and it is thus an unsolved and difficult issue. It has been widely recognized that the severity and location of midlatitude cold extremes are closely related to the persistence, location and movement of blocking systems. It might be possible that the Arctic sea ice decline or the Arctic’s warming influences midlatitude cold extremes by changing the blocking system. This paper reviews the recent research advances on the linkages between the blocking system and Arctic warming. The nonlinear multiscale interaction model of Luo et al.revealed that the magnitude of the meridional gradient(PVy) of the background potential vorticity(PV) is a key parameter that reflects changes in the dispersion and nonlinearity of the blocking system. It was found that Arctic warming played a role in reducing the dispersion of the blocking system and enhancing its nonlinearity by reducing the magnitude of PVy. A small PVyis a favorable background condition for increasing the duration of blocking events and producing midlatitude cold extremes.However, because the magnitude of PVyreflects the difference between the background PVof the Arctic high latitudes and the midlatitude continent, the occurrence of midlatitude cold extremes not only depends on an anomalous background PVover Arctic high latitudes but also on its value over the midlatitudes. Thus, Arctic warming or sea ice decline is not necessary for the occurrence of midlatitude cold extremes. | Muyuan LI Dehai LUO | 2019 | Science China Earth Sciences2019，62，9： | 2 |
| 10 | Insights into the phenomenon of an explosive growth and sharp decline in haze:A case study in Beijing显示文摘A severe haze episode occurred in winter in the North China Plain(NCP),and the phenomenon of an explosive growth and sharp decline in PM2.5(particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter equal to or less than 2.5μm)concentration was observed.To study the systematic causes for this phenomenon,comprehensive observations were conducted in Beijing from November 26 to December 2,2015;during this period,meteorological parameters,LIDAR data,and the chemical compositions of aerosols were determined.The haze episode was characterized by rapidly varying PM2.5 concentration,and the highest PM2.5 concentration reached 667μg/m3.During the haze episode,the NCP was dominated by a weak high-pressure system and continuously low PBL(planetary boundary layer)heights,which are unfavorable conditions for the diffusion of pollutants.The large increases in the concentrations of SNA(SO42-,NO3-and NH4+)during the haze implied that the formation of SNA was the largest contribution.Water vapor also played a vital role in the formation of haze by promoting the chemical transformation of secondary pollutants,which led to higher PM2.5 concentrations.The spatial distributions of PM2.5 in Beijing at different times and the backward trajectories of the air masses also indicated that pollutants from surrounding provinces in particular,contributed to the higher PM2.5concentration. | Wenguang Li Xingang Liu Yuanhang Zhang Qinwen Tan Miao Feng Mengdi Song Lirong Hui Yu Qu Junling An Haokai Gao | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019，31，10： | 1 |
| 11 | Investigation of groundwater quantitative change, Tehran Province, Iran显示文摘Changes in groundwater level in Homand-Absard plain, located in north-west of Kavir-e-Markazi watershed and east of Tehran province, were studied. The used research method was descriptive approach, and the research study was conducted based on field and desk surveys. The data needed was provided from field surveys, contours maps, and data of observation wells. There were 17 observation wells in the study area where the changes in groundwater levels were measured during 1996-2013, and an index hydrograph was prepared for the aquifer of plain. The sharpest decline in the groundwater level was in the central of Homan-Absard plain. There was 1.43 m decline in the groundwater level of aquifer annually, compared with similar studies in other parts of Iran, it has a high rate, and to the average, the groundwater level of plain has dropped equal to 25.76 m, 1996-2013. According to the study findings, the groundwater level changes with those in rainfall weren't match and the drop in groundwater level during wet years and then has continued which represents the high water extraction factor on the groundwater level drop. | Pezhman ROUDGARMI Ebrahim FARAHANI | 2017 | Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering2017，5，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Hashimoto's encephalopathy presenting as acute cognitive decline in an elderly male显示文摘Hashimoto’s encephalopathy(HE)is a rare form of reversible encephalopathy characterized by the presence of anti-thyroid antibodies in serum and/or cerebrospinal fl uid.The syndrome is more common in women and the presentation varies considerably.Here,we report a case of an elderly male with a history of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis,presenting with acute cognitive decline.A diagnosis of HE was established based on the presence of antithyroid antibodies in the serum,diffuse electroencephalography changes and lack of an alternative explanation.The patient promptly responded to steroids and was discharged on the 8th day of admission.We suggest that an assessment of thyroid antibodies should be included in anyone presenting with acute cognitive decline in the absence of alternative explanation. | Madan Raj Aryal Smith Giri Naba Raj Mainali Karen Smith | 2013 | World Journal of Neurology2013，3，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Warming hiatus-and evergreen conifers in Altay-Sayan Region,Siberia显示文摘'Warming hiatus' occurred in the AltaySayan Mountain Region, Siberia in c. 1997–2014. We analyzed evergreen conifer(EGC) stands area(satellite data) and trees(Siberian pine, Pinus sibirica Du Tour, Siberian fir, Abies sibirica Ledeb.) growth increment(dendrochronology data) response to climate variables before and during the hiatus. During the hiatus, EGC area increased in the highlands(>1000 m)(+30%), whereas at low and middle elevations(<1000 m. a.s.l.) the EGC area decreased(-7%). The EGC area increase was observed on the rain-ward northwest slopes mainly. In highlands, EGC area increase mainly correlated with summer air temperature, whereas at low and middle elevations EGC area decrease correlated with drought index SPEI and vapor pressure deficit(VPD). EGC mortality(fir and Siberian pine) in lowland was caused by the synergy of water stress(inciting factor) and barkbeetle attacks(contributing factor). Tree growth increment(GI) dynamics differs with respect to elevation. At high elevation(1700 m) GI permanently increased since warming onset, whereas at the middle(900 m) and low elevations(450 m) GI increased until c. 1983 yr. with followed depression. That GI 'breakpoint' occurred about a decade before hiatus onset. In spite of growth depression, during hiatus GI was higher than that in pre-warming period. At high elevation, GI positively responded to elevated June temperatures and negatively to moisture increase(precipitation, root zone moisture content, VPD, and SPEI). At low elevation GI negatively responded to June temperatures and positively to moisture increase. For both, low and high elevation, these patterns persisted throughout the study period(1967–2014). On the contrary, at middle elevations GI dependence on climate variables switch after breakpoint year(1983). Before breakpoint, June air temperature(positive correlation) and moisture(negative correlations) controlled GI. Further temperature increase leads GI depression and switched correlation signs to opposite(from positive to negative with temperature, and from negative to positive with moisture variables). | Viacheslav I.KHARUK Sergei T.IM Il'ya A.PETROV | 2018 | Journal of Mountain Science2018，15，12： | 1 |
| 14 | Investigation of interactive effects of acid fog and ozone on spruce seedlings显示文摘Ozone and acidic fog are considered as two important factors to cause forest decline. In this study ,laboratory experiment was carried out to simulate the effects of rnountainous air pollution on spruce seedlingsat high altitude with high content of ozone | Zou Siwei Zhu Lianxi(Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chengdu University of Scienceand Technology , Chengdu 610065 , China)B. Prinz(Department 4 Landesanstdlt fur Immissionsschutz, NRW. 45133 Essen. Germany) | 1995 | Journal of Environmental Sciences1995，7，2： | 1 |
| 15 | CSF Aβ1-42 level is associated with cognitive decline in early Parkinson’s disease with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder显示文摘Background:Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder(RBD)is associated with cognitive decline in early Parkinson’s disease(PD).However,the underlyling basis for this association remains unclear.Methods:Parkinson’s Progression Marker’s Initiative(PPMI)subjects underwent baseline RBD testing with RBD sleep questionnaire(RBDSQ).Serial assessments included measures of motor symptoms,non-motor symptoms(NMS),neuropsychological assessment,blood and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)biomarkers.Up to three years follow-up data were included.We stratified early PD subjects into PD with RBD(RBDSQ score>5)and PD without RBD groups.Then,we evaluated baseline biomarkers in each group as a predictor of cognitive decline using Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)score changes over three years in regression models.Results:Four hundred twenty-three PD subjects were enrolled at baseline,and a total of 350 PD subjects had completed 3 years of study follow-up with completely serial assessments.We found that at baseline,only CSF β-amyloid 1–42(Aβ1–42)was significantly lower in PD subjects with RBD.On three years follow-up analysis,PD subjects with RBD were more likely to develop incident mild cognitive impairment(MCI)and presented greater cognitive decline in MoCA score.Lower baseline CSF Aβ1–42 predicted cognitive decline over 3 years only in PD subjects with RBD(β=−0.03,P=0.003).A significant interaction between Aβ1–42 and the 2 groups confirmed that this effect was indeed higher in PD with RBD than the other individual(β=−2.85,P=0.014).Conclusion:These findings indicate that CSF Aβ1–42 level is associated with global cognitive decline in early PD with RBD.The addition of CSF Aβ1–42 to RBD testing increase the likelihood of identifying those at high risk for cognitive decline in early PD. | Maowen Ba Guoping Yu Min Kong Hui Liang Ling Yu | 2018 | Translational Neurodegeneration2018，7，1： | 1 |
| 16 | RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE RISE AND DECLINE OF ANCIENT LOULAN TOWN AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES显示文摘Located in the central Asia, ancient Loullan Town was a place of strategic importance to the ancient SilkRoad. According to the historical records, it was flourishing during the period from the second century B. C. to the thirdcentury A. D. However, it was disrecorded suddenly 1400 years ago. Until 1900 it was discovered by a Swedish exploration party. The ruins of Loulan is situated on the west bank of Lop Nur Lake and the delta of the Tarim River (40°29’55’’N, 89°55’22'E), and occupies an area of 108 240 m2. Two main tributaries of the Tarim River passed by its northernand southern sides respectively and converged into Lop Nur Lake about 100 km eastward. Human civilization of the Loulan Town had been developed in the Stone Age, which was revealed by a lot of stone implements found in the ration, andthe discovery of the corpse of 'Loulan Beauty' proved the continuity of economic development. During several centuriesaround the Christian era, Loulan had become a place of strategic importance on the Silk Road because its superior geographical position and natural conditions. The decline of ancient Loulan Town was caused by natural change of the rivercourses and rapid environmental deterioration. | 袁国映 赵子允 | 1999 | Chinese Geographical Science1999，9，1： | 0 |
| 17 | An analysis on the current drop in China's economic performance indicators显示文摘This paper analyzes factors responsible for China’s decline in economic performance indicators in the second quarterof 2010, pointing out that this was a normal decline.From the economic development perspective at home and abroad,this decline will not lead to the risk of a double dip.We should maintain macroeconomic policy stability. | 陈佳贵 | 2010 | China Economist2010，5，5： | 0 |
| 18 | Need not一定就是“不必”吗?显示文摘一位教国外留学考试的老师来信提问下面这道美国高考(SAT)题。
While worrisome,the decline of traditional print media 40 could not entail the end of investigative journalism.40. | 张满胜 | 2017 | 新东方英语(中英文版)2017，0，1： | 0 |
| 19 | Irradiation Test of RPV Steel in 49-2 Research Reactor显示文摘Reactor pressure vessel(RPV)is the critical and unchangeable component of the PWR during its service lifetime which determines the lifetime of nuclear power plant(NPP).The property decline of RPVis mainly caused by large dose and high energy neutron irradiation during the long term service.Irradiation can reduce the toughness and increase the brittleness of the RPV materials.Thus raising | LIN Yun TONG Zhen-feng ZHANG Chang-yi NING Guang-sheng YANG Wen | 2013 | Annual Report of China Institute of Atomic Energy2013，，1： | 0 |
| 20 | Why Democracy is Its Own Worst Enemy?显示文摘The challenges that lay ahead for democracy are so serious that few political scientists have the courage to risk theirreputation and pin down with relative accuracy what will happen on a 5/10/15 year basis. As a matter of fact, whenthe term "democracy" and "enemy" is used in the same sentence there's a natural and immediate tendency---forthose who are lucky enough to live in electoral democracies---to look over the fence and not to our own backyard.That is to say, democracy's enemies, our enemies, are some sort of mythological creatures that live far away fi'omour perfect democratic bubble. This reasoning can be in part seen in the on-going debate about democracy'sstruggle against its external enemies. During the Cold War period democracy was at "war" with communism and,before that, with national-socialism and fascism. Currently, democracy faces new enemies: global authoritarianism,international terrorism, religious extremism, and Islamic fundamentalism. This thoughtfulness is only partly true.At least it's not the only reason why we are debating this matter today. According to this paper, and that's preciselypart of the problem, democracy is to some extent its own worst enemy. Why? Because most of the issues that we'redebating today are the result of a certain apathy and disentanglement of liberal democracies around the world in thelast decade. | Cristiano Cabrita | 2017 | International Relations and Diplomacy2017，5，8： | 0 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员