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| 1 | Anxiety and depression in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease and their effect on quality of life显示文摘AIM: To explore the role of psychological factors in gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) and their effect on quality of life(Qo L) of GERD patients.METHODS: A total of 279 consecutive patients with typical symptoms and 100 healthy controls were enrolled in the study.All of the participants wereevaluated with the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(ZSAS), the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale(ZSDS) and the SF-36 questionnaire.The scores for anxiety, depression and Qo L of the two groups were analyzed.The correlation between psychological factors and Qo L was also analyzed.RESULTS: Compared with healthy controls(34.70 ± 8.00), the scores of ZSAS in the non-erosive reflux disease( N E R D) group(48.27±10.34) and the reflux esophagitis(RE) group(45.38 ± 10.27) were significantly higher(P < 0.001).The mean ZSAS score of the NERD group was significantly higher than that of the RE group(P = 0.01).Compared with healthy controls(37.61 ± 8.44), the mean ZSDS scores were significantly higher in the NERD group(49.65 ± 11.09, P < 0.001) and the RE group(46.76 ± 11.83, P < 0.001).All dimensions of the SF-36 form were negatively correlated with the SAS and SDS scores in patients with NERD and RE(P < 0.05).According to the S F- 3 6 form, vitality, mentalhealth and social functioning were significantly correlated with symptoms of depression in patients with NERD and RE.General health was obviously affected by symptoms of depression in patients with NERD(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Anxiety and depression may play an important role in the occurrence of GERD and especially that of NERD.The Qo L of patients with GERD is reduced by anxiety and depression. | Xiao-Jun Yang Hong-Mei Jiang Xiao-Hua Hou Jun Song | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，14： | 78 |
| 2 | Microglia in depression:current perspectives显示文摘Major depressive disorder(MDD)is a prevalent psychiatric disease that involves malfunctions of different cell types in the brain.Accumulating studies started to reveal that microglia,the primary resident immune cells,play an important role in the development and progression of depression.Microglia respond to stress-triggered neuroinflammation,and through the release of proinflammatory cytokines and their metabolic products,microglia may modulate the function of neurons and astrocytes to regulate depression.In this review,we focused on the role of microglia in the etiology of depression.We discussed the dynamic states of microglia;the correlative and causal evidence of microglial abnormalities in depression;possible mechanisms of how microglia sense depression-related stress and modulate depression state;and how antidepressive therapies affect microglia.Understanding the role of microglia in depression may shed light on developing new treatment strategies to fight against this devastating mental illness. | Xiaoning Jia Zhihua Gao Hailan Hu | 2021 | Science China(Life Sciences)2021，64，6： | 25 |
| 3 | Total alkyl dibenzothiophenes content tracing the filling pathway of condensate reservoir in the Fushan Depression,South China Sea显示文摘The condensates are generally characterized by high maturity,low concentration of steranes and ter-panes biomarkers and low content of non-hydrocarbon fraction. In this case commonly used steranes,terpanes and carbazoles parameters cannot be effectively applied in the reservoir-filling tracing. The hydrogen bond formed by sulfur atom in the dibenzothiophenes (DBTs) results in molecule adsorption and fractionation during oil migration in reservoir. Like carbazoles,total DBTs content decreases with the increasing of oil migration distance. Therefore,a new parameter——total DBTs content is proposed to be used to trace the oil migration orientation and filling pathway. In present study,total DBTs con-tents of condensates and light oils are obtained by adding internal standard——eight deuterium atoms substituted DBT during Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis of aromatic fraction. Except for a few samples with much lower content of non-hydrocarbon fraction,the total DBTs content shows a fine positive correlation with that of carbazoles. Large errors can be caused in the process of pyrrolic nitrogen compounds separation. The application of this new parameter in the Fushan Depression of Beibu Gulf Basin,South China Sea indicates that this parameter is a reliable one to trace filling pathway in condensate reservoirs. Combined with other DBTs-related parameters,such as 4-/1-methydibenzo-thiophene and 2,4-/1,4-dimethyldibenzothiophene,oil migration orientation and filling pathway of the Fushan Depression was determined. The accumulations of Huachang oil field in the Fushan Depres-sion are mainly migrated and charged from northeast to southeast along the Huachang uplift. It can be predicated that the light oil and condensates in the Huachang oil field should be sourced from the source kitchen at the Bailian Sag. It shows that total DBTs content is an effective parameter to tracing oil migration orientation and filling pathway. | LI MeiJun1,WANG TieGuan1,LIU Ju2,ZHANG MeiZhu2,LU Hong3,MA QinLin2 & GAO LiHui2 1 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting,Earth Sciences and Geoinformatics School,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China 2 Southern Oil Exploration and Development Company,PetroChina,Guangzhou 510640,China 3 Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510240,China | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，S2： | 24 |
| 4 | Effect of clinician-patient communication on compliance with flupentixol-melitracen in functional dyspepsia patients显示文摘AIM: To explore whether clinician-patient communication affects adherence to psychoactive drugs in functional dyspepsia(FD) patients with psychological symptoms. METHODS: A total of 262 FD patients with psychological symptoms were randomly assigned to four groups. The patients in Groups 1-3 were given flupentixol-melitracen(FM) plus omeprazole treatment. Those in Group 1 received explanations of both the psychological and gastrointestinal(GI) mechanisms of the generation of FD symptoms and the effects of FM. In Group 2, only the psychological mechanisms were emphasized. The patients in Group 3 were not given an explanation for the prescription of FM. Those in Group 4 were given omeprazole alone. The primary endpoints of this study were compliance rate and compliance index to FM in Groups 1-3. Survival analyses were also conducted. The secondary end points were dyspepsia and psychological symptom improvement in Groups 1-4. The correlations between the compliance indices and the reductions in dyspepsia and psychological symptom scores were also evaluated in Groups 1-3.RESULTS: After 8 wk of treatment, the compliance rates were 67.7% in Group 1, 42.4% in Group 2 and 47.7% in Group 3(Group 1 vs Group 2, P = 0.006; Group 1 vs Group 3, P = 0.033). The compliance index(Group 1 vs Group 2, P = 0.002; Group 1 vs Group 3, P = 0.024) with the FM regimen was significantly higher in Group 1 than in Groups 2 and 3. The survival analysis revealed that the patients in Group 1 exhibited a significantlyhigher compliance rate than Groups 2 and 3(Group 1 vs Group 2, P = 0.002; Group 1 vs Group 3, P = 0.018). The improvement in dyspepsia(Group 1 vs Group 2, P < 0.05; Group 1 vs Group 3, P < 0.05; Group 1 vs Group 4, P < 0.01) and psychological symptom scores(anxiety: Group 1 vs Group 2, P < 0.01; Group 1 vs Group 3, P < 0.05; Group 1 vs Group 4, P < 0.01; depression: Group 1 vs Group 2, P < 0.01; Group 1 vs Group 3, P < 0.01; Group 1 vs Group 4, P < 0.01) in Group 1 were greater than those in Groups 2-4. The compliance indices were positively correlated with the reduction in symptom scores in Groups 1-3. CONCLUSION: Appropriate clinician-patient communication regarding the reasons for prescribing psychoactive drugs that emphasizes both the psychological and GI mechanisms might improve adherence to FM in patients with FD. | Xiu-Juan Yan Wen-Ting Li Xin Chen Er-Man Wang Qing Liu Hong-Yi Qiu Zhi-Jun Cao Sheng-Liang Chen | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，15： | 23 |
| 5 | Gut microbiota in autism and mood disorders显示文摘The hypothesis of an important role of gut microbiota in the maintenance of physiological state into the gastrointestinal(GI)system is supported by several studies that have shown a qualitative and quantitative alteration of the intestinal flora in a number of gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal diseases.In the last few years,the importance of gut microbiota impairment in the etiopathogenesis of pathology such as autism,dementia and mood disorder,has been raised.The evidence of the inflammatory state alteration,highlighted in disorders such as schizophrenia,major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder,strongly recalls the microbiota alteration,highly suggesting an important role of the alteration of GI system also in neuropsychiatric disorders.Up to now,available evidences display that the impairment of gut microbiota plays a key role in the development of autism and mood disorders.The application of therapeutic modulators of gut microbiota to autism and mood disorders has been experienced only in experimental settings to date,with few but promising results.A deeper assessment of the role of gut microbiota in the development of autism spectrum disorder(ASD),as well as the advancement of the therapeutic armamentarium for the modulation of gut microbiota is warranted for a better management of ASD and mood disorders. | Francesca Mangiola Gianluca Ianiro Francesco Franceschi Stefano Fagiuoli Giovanni Gasbarrini Antonio Gasbarrini | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，1： | 23 |
| 6 | Relationships between Chronic Diseases and Depression among Middleaged and Elderly People in China: A Prospective Study from CHARLS显示文摘Given the rapid increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases in aging populations,this prospective study including 17707 adults aged≥45 years from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study was used to estimate the associations between chronic discase,multimorbidity,and depression among middle-aged and elderly adults in China,and explore the mediating factors.Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 10-item Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale(CES-D-10)questionnaire.Twelve chronic physical conditions,including hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia,cancer,chronic lung disease,liver disease,heart failure,stroke,kidney disease,arthritis or rheumatism,asthma,digestive disease were assessed.The prevalence rates for physical multimorbidity and depression(CES-D-10≥10)were 43.23%and 36.62%,respectively.Through multivariable logistic models and generalized estimating equation(GEE)models,we found all 12 chronic physical conditions,and multimorbidity were significantly associated with depression.Both mobility problems and chronic pain explained more than 30%of the association for all chronic conditions,with particularly high percentages for stroke(51.56%)and cancer(51.06%)in mobility problems and cancer(53.35%)in chronic pain.Limited activities of daily living(ADL)explained 34.60%of the stroke-cancer relationship,while sleep problems explained between 10.15%(stroke)and 14.89%(chronic lung disease)of the association.Individuals with chronic diseases or multimorbidity are significantly more likely to be depressed.Functional symptoms involving limitations of ADL and mobility difficulties mediated much of the association between chronic diseases and incident depression.These symptoms could be targeted for interventions to ameliorate the incidence of depression among individuals with chronic conditions. | Chun-hong JIANG Feng ZHU Ting-ting QIN | 2020 | Current Medical Science2020，40，5： | 23 |
| 7 | Platelets and depression in cardiovascular disease:A brief review of the current literature显示文摘Major depression is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. The exact mechanisms linking depression and increased cardiovascular risk remain poorly understood. Several mechanisms have been proposed including increased platelet reactivity. This review focuses on the current literature that examines the platelet hypothesis of depression. To date studies show increased serotonin response, increased platelet serotonin receptor density, decreased serotonin transporter binding, and decreased platelet serotonin levels in individuals with depression. However other studies have shown no change in serotonin uptake. In addition to platelet serotonin specific pathways, other platelet pathways that have shown significant changes in depressed individuals include blunting of the platelet adenosine response, increased platelet thrombin response, increased glycoprotein Ⅰb expression, increased P-selectin, β thromboglobulin, and platelet factor four, as well as decreased platelet brain derived neurotrophic factor. However there are other studies that show conflicting evidence of increased platelet activation as measured by integrin receptor α2b β3. Other conflictingdata include α adrenergic density and platelet response to augmented serotonin. The direction of future research in platelet functional changes in depression and coronary artery disease should continue to focus on serotonin specific pathways with emphasis on potential mechanisms of specific pathway changes. | Marlene S Williams | 2012 | World Journal of Psychiatry2012，2，6： | 21 |
| 8 | Structural and functional damage to the hippocampal neurovascular unit in diabetes-related depression显示文摘Previous studies have shown that models of depression exhibit structural and functional changes to the neurovascular unit. Thus, we hypothesized that diabetes-related depression might be associated with damage to the hippocampal neurovascular unit. To test this hypothesis, neurons, astrocytes and endothelial cells were isolated from the brain tissues of rat embryos and newborn rats. Hippocampal neurovascular unit co-cultures were produced using the Transwell chamber co-culture system. A model of diabetes-related depression was generated by adding 150 mM glucose and 200 μM corticosterone to the culture system and compared with the neuron + astrocyte and astrocyte + endothelial cell co-culture systems. Western blot assay was used to measure levels of structural proteins in the hippocampal neurovascular unit co-culture system. Levels of basic fibroblast growth factor, angiogenic factor 1, glial cell line–derived neurotrophic factor, transforming growth factor β1, leukemia inhibitory factor and 5-hydroxytryptamine in the hippocampal neurovascular unit co-culture system were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling staining was used to assess neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampal neurovascular unit. The neurovascular unit triple cell co-culture system had better barrier function and higher levels of structural and secretory proteins than the double cell co-culture systems. In comparison, in the model of diabetes-related depression, the neurovascular unit was damaged with decreased barrier function, poor structural integrity and impaired secretory function. Moreover, neuronal apoptosis was markedly increased, and 5-hydroxytryptamine levels were reduced. These results suggest that diabetes-related depression is associated with structural and functional damage to the neurovascular unit. Our findings provide a foundation for further studies on the pathogenesis of diabetes-related depression. | Jian Liu Yu-Hong Wang Wei Li Lin Liu Hui Yang Pan Meng Yuan-Shan Han | 2019 | Neural Regeneration Research2019，14，2： | 20 |
| 9 | Melatonin Augments the Effects of Fluoxetine on Depression-Like Behavior and Hippocampal BDNF–TrkB Signaling显示文摘Depression is a debilitating psychiatric disorder with a huge socioeconomic burden, and its treatment relies on antidepressants including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs). Recently, the melatonergic system that is closely associated with the serotonergic system has been implicated in the pathophysiology and treatment of depression. However, it remains unknown whether combined treatment with SSRI and melatonin has synergistic antidepressant effects. In this study, we applied a sub-chronic restraint stress paradigm, and evaluated the potential antidepressant effects of combined fluoxetine and melatonin in adult male mice. Sub-chronic restraint stress(6 h/day for 10 days) induced depression-like behavior as shown by deteriorated fur state, increased latency to groom in the splash test, and increased immobility time in the forced-swim test. Repeated administration of either fluoxetine or melatonin at 10 mg/kg during stress exposure failed to prevent depression-like phenotypes. However,combined treatment with fluoxetine and melatonin at theselected dose attenuated stress-induced behavioral abnormalities. Moreover, we found that the antidepressant effects of combined treatment were associated with the normalization of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)–tropomyosin receptor kinase B(Trk B) signaling in the hippocampus, but not in the prefrontal cortex. Our findings suggest that combined fluoxetine and melatonin treatment exerts synergistic antidepressant effects possibly by restoring hippocampal BDNF–Trk B signaling. | Kun Li Si Shen Yu-Tian Ji Xu-Yun Li Li-San Zhang Xiao-Dong Wang | 2018 | Neuroscience Bulletin2018，34，2： | 20 |
| 10 | Beneficial effects of antidepressant mirtazapine in functional dyspepsia patients with weight loss显示文摘AIM: To explore the effects and mechanism of action of antidepressant mirtazapine in functional dyspepsia(FD) patients with weight loss.METHODS: Sixty depressive FD patients with weight loss were randomly divided into a mirtazapine group(MG), a paroxetine group(PG) or a conventional therapy group(CG) for an 8-wk clinical trial. Adverse effects and treatment response were recorded. The Nepean Dyspepsia Index-symptom(NDSI) checklist and the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale of Depression(HAMD-17) were used to evaluate dyspepsia and depressive symptoms, respectively. The body composition analyzer was used to measure body weight and fat. Serum hormone levels were measured by ELISA.RESULTS:(1) After 2 wk of treatment, NDSI scores were significantly lower for the MG than for the PG and CG;(2) After 4 or 8 wk of treatment, HAMD-17 scores were significantly lower for the MG and PG than for the CG;(3) After 8 wk of treatment, patients in the MG experienced a weight gain of 3.58 ± 1.57 kg, which was significantly higher than that observed for patients in the PG and CG. Body fat increased by 2.77 ± 0.14kg, the body fat ratio rose by 4%, and the visceral fat area increased by 7.56 ± 2.25 cm2; and(4) For the MG, serum hormone levels of ghrelin, neuropeptide Y(NPY), motilin(MTL) and gastrin(GAS) were significantly upregulated; in contrast, those of leptin, 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) and cholecystokinin(CCK) were significantly downregulated. CONCLUSION: Mirtazapine not only alleviates symptoms associated with dyspepsia and depression linked to FD in patients with weight loss but also significantly increases body weight(mainly the visceral fat in body fat). The likely mechanism of mirtazapine action is regulation of brain-gut or gastrointestinal hormone levels. | Shu-Man Jiang Lin Jia Jing Liu Man-Man Shi Ming-Zhi Xu | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，22： | 18 |
| 11 | Progressive Muscle Relaxation Combined with Chinese Medicine Five-Element Music on Depression for Cancer Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial显示文摘Objectives: To evaluate the effects of progressive muscle relaxation training(PMRT) combined with five elements music therapy of Chinese medicine(CM) for improving anxiety and depression of cancer patients. Methods: From June 2015 to March 2016, 60 cancer patients were included into the study. The patients were randomly assigned to a control group and a treatment group by envelope randomization, receiving PMRT and PMRT plus CM five elements music therapy, respectively, for 8 weeks. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS), Benefit Finding Scales(BFS), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual(FACIT-Sp), and Intervention Expectations Questionnaire(IEQU) were adopted to assess the depression of the two groups before and after the treatment. Results: Four cases dropped out during the study, and 29 cases in the treatment group and 27 in the control group were included in the final analysis. Prior to the treatments, the baselines of the 4 questionnaires in the two groups showed no difference. After the 8-week treatment, the treatment group presented better levels of HADS, BFS and FACIT-Sp scores compared with the control group(P<0.05). Among the single items of HADS, 4 items involving vexation, feeling fidgeted, pleasure and prospecting the future in the treatment group were improved compared with the control group(P<0.05). Conclusions: As a simple and reliable and effective intervention, PMRT combined with five elements music therapy mitigated anxiety and depression of cancer patients. Cancer patients have been found to respond well to psychological intervention in areas regarding stabilisation of emotions, disease awareness, and therapeutic compliance. This brings about a great difference in improving their quality of life and psychological state, offers an effective approach to better self-management in cancer treatment. | LIAO Juan WU Yu ZHAO Yang ZHAO Yuan-chen ZHANG Xu ZHAO Nan LEE Chun-ging YANG Yu-fei | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine2018，24，5： | 17 |
| 12 | Curculigoside facilitates fear extinction and prevents depression-like behaviors in a mouse learned helplessness model through increasing hippocampal BDNF显示文摘Curculigoside(CUR)is the main active component of traditional Chinese medicine Curculigoorchioides Gaertn(Xianmao in Chinese),which exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities.In this study we investigated the effects of CUR on fear extinaion and related depression-like behaviors in mice.In fear conditioning task,we found that administration of CUR(1.6,8,40 mg.kg^-1.d^-1,ip,for 7 days)did not affect memory consolidation,but CUR at higher doses(8,40mg·kg·d^-1)significantly facilitated fear extinction,especially on D3 and D4.Moreover,CUR administration significantly ameliorated the fear conditioning-induced depression-like behaviors,likely through promoting fear extinction.We showed that CUR increased the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and phosphorylation of tropomyosin receptor kinase B(TrkB)in the hippocampus,and activated protein kinase B(Akt)-mammalian target of the rapamycin(mTOR)signaling pathway.Administration of the selective TrkB agonist 7,8-dihydroxyflavone(7,8-DHF,5 mg kg·d^-1,ip)also facilitated fear extinction,ameliorated depression-like behaviors.We established a mouse learned helplessness(LH)model to evaluate the antidepressant activity of CUR.The spatial memory was assessed in Morris water maze.We showed that LH-induced depression-like behaviors,including prolonged immobility times in forced swim and tail suspension tests as well as spatial memory impairments;LH also downregulated BDNF expression and the Akt-mTOR signaling pathway in the hippocampus.Administration of CUR(1.6,8,40 mg·kg^-1·d^-1,ip,for 14 days)or 7,8-DHF(5 mg·kg·d^-1,ip,for 3 days)prevented LH-induced depression-like behaviors and promoted BDNF expression and the Akt-mTOR signaling pathway.In conclusion,CUR can accelerate the fear memory extinction and ameliorate depression-like behaviors in mice via promoting BDNF expression and activating the Akt-mTOR signaling pathway in the hippocampus. | San-juan Yang Zhu-jin Song Xun-cui Wang Zheng-rong Zhang Sheng-bing Wu Guo-qi Zhu | 2019 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2019，40，10： | 17 |
| 13 | Neuroinflammation and cytokine abnormality in major depression:Cause or consequence in that illness?显示文摘Depression results from changes in the central nervous system(CNS) that may result from immunological abnormalities.The immune system affects the CNS through cytokines,which regulate brain activities and emotions.Cytokines affect two biological systems that are most associated with the pathophysiology of depression:The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the catecholamine/sympathetic nervous system.Neuroinflammation and cytokines affect the brain signal patterns involved in the psychopathology of depression and the mechanisms of antidepressants,and they are associated with neurogenesis and neural plasticity.These observations suggest that neuroinflammation and cytokines might cause and/or maintain depression,and that they might be useful in the diagnosis and prognosis of depression.This psychoneuroimmunologic perspective might compensate for some of the limitations of the monoamine theory by suggesting that depression is a result of a failure to adapt to stress and that inflammatory responses and cytokines are involved in this process.In this review,the interactions of cytokines with the CNS,neuroendocrine system,neurotransmitters,neurodegeneration/neurogenesis,and antidepressants are discussed.The roles of cytokines in the etiology and psychopathology of depression are examined.The use of cytokine inhibitors or anti-inflammatory drugs in depression treatment is explored.Finally,the significance and limitations of the cytokine hypothesis are discussed. | Sang Won Jeon Yong Ku Kim | 2016 | World Journal of Psychiatry2016，6，3： | 16 |
| 14 | Effects of Kaixin Jieyu Decoction(开心解郁汤)on Behavior, Monoamine Neurotransmitter Levels, and Serotonin Receptor Subtype Expression in the Brain of A Rat Depression Model显示文摘Objective:To determine the mechanisms underlying the anti-depressant effects of Kaixin Jieyu Decoction(开心解郁汤,KJD)by investigating the effects of KJD on behavior,monoamine neurotransmitter levels,and serotonin(5-HT)receptor subtype expression in the brain in a rat model of depression.Methods:The rat depression model was established using chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS).Forty-eight Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control,depression model(CUMS),CUMS±KJD(7.7 g/kg^(-1)·d^(-1)of crude drug),and CUMS+fluoxetine(2.4 mg/kg^(-1)·d^(-1))groups(n=12 in each group),and the treatments lasted for 21 days.We regularly evaluated body weight,sucrose consumption,and horizontal and vertical activity scores in open-field tests.The content of the monoamine neurotransmitters 5-HT,norepinephrine(NE),and dopamine(DA)and the DA metabolite homovanillic acid in the cerebral cortex,and 5-HT_(1A)and 5-HT_(2A)receptor mRNA in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus,were determined respectively by high-performance liquid chromatography-coularray electrochemical detector and real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results:Compared with the control group,CUMS rats showed a variety of depression-like behavioral changes,including a significant reduction in body weight,sucrose consumption,and horizontal and vertical activity scores in open-field tests(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and a significant decrease in 5-HT and NE levels and 5-HT_(2A)receptor mRNA expression.In contrast,they showed a significant increase in 5-HT_(1A)receptor mRNA expression in the cerebral cortex.In the hippocampus,5-HT_(1A)receptor mRNA expression was lower whereas 5-HT_(2A)receptor mRNA expression was higher than in the control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Treatment with KJD or fluoxetine partially attenuated these changes(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion:KJD could normalize the levels of 5-HT and NE and adjust the balance of 5-HT_(1A)and 5-HT_(2A)receptor expression in rat cerebrum,and this may be one of mechanisms of antidepressant effects of KJD. | 黄世敬 张先慧 王彦云 潘菊华 崔翰明 方素萍 吴巍 郑军 李多娇 白鸽 | 2014 | Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine2014，20，4： | 15 |
| 15 | Pharmacologic approaches to treatment resistant depression:Evidences and personal experience显示文摘AIM: To review evidence supporting pharmacological treatments for treatment-resistant depression(TRD) and to discuss them according to personal clinical experience.METHODS: Original studies, clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses addressing pharmacological treatment for TRD in adult patients published from 1990 to 2013 were identified by data base queries(Pub Med, Google Scholar e Quertle Searches) using terms: 'treatment resistant depression', 'treatment refractory depression', 'partial response depression', 'non responder depression', 'optimization strategy', 'switching strategy', 'combination strategy', 'augmentation strategy', selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors antidepressants(SSRI), tricyclic antidepressants(TCA), serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors antidepressants, mirtazapine, mianserine, bupropione, monoamine oxidase inhibitor antidepressant(MAOI), lithium, thyroid hormones, second generation antipsychotics(SGA), dopamine agonists, lamotrigine, psychostimulants, dextromethorphan, dextrorphan, ketamine, omega-3 fatty acids, S-adenosil-L-metionine, methylfolat, pindolol, sex steroids, glucocorticoid agents. Other citations of interest were further identified from references reported in the accessed articles. Selected publications were grouped by treatment strategy:(1) switching from an ineffective antidepressant(AD) to a new AD from a similar or different class;(2) combining the current AD regimen with a second AD from a different class; and(3) augmenting the current AD regimen with a second agent not thought to be an antidepressant itself.RESULTS: Switching from a TCA to another TCA provides only a modest advantage(response rate 9%-27%), while switching from a SSRI to another SSRI is more advantageous(response rate up to 75%). Evidence supports the usefulness of switching from SSRI to venlafaxine(5 positive trials out 6), TCA(2 positive trials out 3), and MAOI(2 positive trials out 2) but not from SSRI to bupropione, duloxetine and mirtazapine. Three reviews demonstrated that the benefits of intraand cross-class switch do not significantly differ. Data on combination strategy are controversial regarding TCA-SSRI combination(positive results in old studies, negative in more recent study) and bupropion-SSRI combination(three open series studies but not three controlled trails support the useful of this combination) and positive regard mirtazapine(or its analogue mianserine) combination with ADs of different classes. As regards the augmentation strategy, available evidences supported the efficacy of TCA augmentation with lithium salts and thyroid hormone(T3), but are conflicting regard the SSRI augmentation with these two drugs(1 positive trial out of 4 for lithium and 3 out of 5 for thyroid hormone). Double-blind controlled studies showed the efficacy of AD augmentation with aripiprazole(5 positive trials out 5), quetiapine(3 positive trials out 3) and, at less extent, of fluoxetine augmentation with olanzapine(3 positive trials out 6), so these drugs received the FDA indication for the acute treatment of TRD. Results on AD augmentation with risperidone are conflicting(2 short term positive trials, 1 short-term and 1 long-term negative trials). Case series and open-label trials showed that AD augmentation with pramipexole or ropinirole, two dopamine agonists, could be an effective treatment for TRD(response rate to pramipexole 48%-74%, to ropinirole 40%-44%) although one recent double-blind placebo-controlled study does not support the superiority of pramipexole over placebo. Evidences do not justify the use of psychostimulants, omega-3 fatty acids, S-adenosil-Lmetionine, methylfolate, pindolol, lamotrigine, and sex hormone as AD augmentation for TRD. Combining the available evidences with our experience we suggest treating non-responders to one SSRI bupropion or mirtazapine trial by switching to venlafaxine, and nonresponders to one venlafaxine trial by switching to a TCA or, if TCA are not tolerated, combining mirtazapine with SSRI or venlafaxine. In non-responders to two or more ADs(including at least one TCA if tolerated) current AD regimen could be augmented with lithium salts(mainly in patients with bipolar depression or suicidality), SGAs(mostly aripiprazole) or DA-agonists(mostly pramipexole). In patients with severe TRD, i.e., non-responders to combination and augmentation strategies as well as to electroconvulsive therapy if workable, we suggest to try a combination plus augmentation strategy.CONCLUSION: Our study identifies alternative effective treatment strategies for TRD. Further studies are needed to compare the efficacy of different strategies in more homogeneous subpopulations. | Antonio Tundo Rocco de Filippis Luca Proietti | 2015 | World Journal of Psychiatry2015，5，3： | 15 |
| 16 | Prevalence and risk factors of postpartum depression in a populationbased sample of women in Tangxia Community,Guangzhou显示文摘Objective:To investigate the prevalence and analyze the risk factors of postpartum depression(PPD)in Tangxia Community.Guangzhou,a community representative of the process of urbanization in China.Methods:A total of 1 823 delivery women in Tangxia Community.Guangzhou were screened with the Chinese Version of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale,Hamilton Depression Scale and Social Support Rating Scale.The risk factors were evaluated by self-made questionnaire based on literature interview combined with expert consultation.The data collected were analyzed using Student's t test and logistic regression in SPSS16.0.Results:The prevalence of PPD in Tangxia Community,Guangzhou was 27.37%.Mutivariant logistic regression analysis identified mode of delivery,puerperanl from one-child family,relationship between mother-in-law atul daughter-in-law and fetus gender as the risk factors of PPD while housing condition was negatively correlated with the incidence of PPD with OR value of 0.82.The the total score of social support rating scale,the score of objective support,subjective support and social utilization degree were significantly reduced in women with PPD in contrast with women without PPD.Conclusions:The incidence of PPD was slightly higher than other regions of China.It's of great importance to distinguish risk factors in regional culture context and develop health promotion program in order to enhance the well-being of delivery women. | Ai-Wen Deng Ri-Bo Xiong Ting-Ting Jiang Ying-Ping Luo Wang-Zhong Chen | 2014 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2014，7，3： | 14 |
| 17 | Psychosocial issues in evidence-based guidelines on inflammatory bowel diseases: A review显示文摘AIM:To study statements and recommendations on psychosocial issues as presented in international evidence-based guidelines on the management of inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD).METHODS:MEDLINE,guidelines International Network,National Guideline Clearing House and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence were searched from January 2006 to June 30,2013 for evidencebased guidelines on the management of IBD.RESULTS:The search yielded 364 hits.Thirteen guidelines were included in the review,of which three wereprepared in Asia,eight in Europe and two in the United States.Eleven guidelines made statements and recommendations on psychosocial issues.The guidelines were concordant in that mental health disorders and stress do not contribute to the aetiology of IBD,but that they can influence its course.It was recommended that IBD-patients should be screened for psychological distress.If indicated,psychotherapy and/or psychopharmacological therapy should be recommended.IBDcentres should collaborate with mental health care specialists.Tobacco smoking patients with Crohn’s disease should be advised to quit.CONCLUSION:Patients and mental health specialists should be able to participate in future guideline groups to contribute to establishing recommendations on psychosocial issues in IBD.Future guidelines should acknowledge the presence of psychosocial problems in IBD-patients and encourage screening for psychological distress. | Winfried Huser Gabriele Moser Petra Klose Antonina Mikocka-Walus | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，13： | 14 |
| 18 | Effects of music and music therapy on mood in neurological patients显示文摘Mood disorder and depressive syndromes represent a common comorbid condition in neurological disorders witha prevalence rate that ranges between 20% and 50% of patients with stroke, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease. Notwithstanding, these conditions are often under-diagnosed and under-treated in the clinical practice and negatively affect the functional recovery, the adherence to treatment, the quality of life, and even the mortality risk. In addition, a bidirectional association between depression and neurological disorders may be possible being that depressive syndromes may be considered as a risk factor for certain neurological diseases. Despite the large amount of evidence regarding the effects of music therapy(MT) and other musical interventions on different aspects of neurological disorders, no updated article reviewing outcomes such as mood, emotions, depression, activity of daily living and so on is actually available; for this reason, little is known about the effectiveness of music and MT on these important outcomes in neurological patients. The aim of this article is to provide a narrative review of the current literature on musical interventions and their effects on mood and depression in patients with neurological disorders. Searching on Pub Med and Psyc Info databases, 25 studies corresponding to the inclusion criteria have been selected; 11 of them assess the effects of music or MT in Dementia, 9 explore the efficacy on patients with Stroke, and 5 regard other neurological diseases like Multiple Sclerosis, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/motor neuron disease, Chronic quadriplegia, Parkinson's Disease, and Acquired Brain dysfunctions. Selected studies are based on relational and rehabilitative music therapy approaches or concern music listening interventions. Most of the studies support the efficacy of MT and other musical interventions on mood, depressive syndromes, and quality of life on neurological patients. | Alfredo Raglio Lapo Attardo Giulia Gontero Silvia Rollino Elisabetta Groppo Enrico Granieri | 2015 | World Journal of Psychiatry2015，5，1： | 13 |
| 19 | Comparing the effects of depression,anxiety,and comorbidity on quality-of-life,adverse outcomes,and medical expenditure in Chinese patients with acute coronary syndrome显示文摘Background:Depression and anxiety have been correlated with elevated risks for quality-of-life (QOL),adverse outcomes,and medical expenditure in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).However,the relevant data are lacking for Chinese ACS populations,especially regarding different effects of major depression,anxiety,and comorbidity.The objective of this study was to evaluate the dynamic changes of depression and/or anxiety over 12 months and examine the effects of depression,anxiety,and comorbidity on QOL,adverse outcomes,and medical expenditure in Chinese patients with ACS.Methods:For this prospective longitudinal study,a total of 647 patients with ACS were recruited from North China between January 2013 and June 2015.Among them,531 patients (82.1%) completed 12-month follow-ups.Logistic regression model was utilized for analyzing the association of baseline major depression,anxiety,and comorbidity with 12-month all-cause mortality,cardiovascular events,QOL,and health expenditure.Results:During a follow-up period of 12 months,7.3% experienced non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) and 35.8% cardiac rehospitalization.Baseline comorbidity,rather than major depression/anxiety,strongly predicted poor 12-month QOL as measured by short-form health survey-12 (odds ratio [OR]:1.77,95% confidence interval [CI]:1.22–2.52,P = 0.003).Regarding 12-month non-fatal MI and cardiac re-hospitalization,baseline anxiety (OR:2.83,95% CI:1.33–5.89,P<0.01;OR:4.47,95% CI:1.50–13.00,P<0.01),major depression (OR:2.58,95% CI:1.02–6.15,P<0.05;OR:5.22,95% CI:1.42–17.57,P<0.03),and comorbidity (OR:6.33,95% CI:2.96–13.79,P<0.0001,OR:14.08,95% CI:4.99–41.66,P<0.0001) were all independent predictors,and comorbidity had the highest predictive value.Number of re-hospitalization stay,admission frequency within 12 months and medical expenditure within 2 months were the highest in patients with ACS with comorbidity.Conclusions:Major depression and anxiety may predict 12-month non-fatal MI and cardiac re-hospitalization.However,comorbidity has the highest predictive value with greater medical expenditure and worse QOL in Chinese patients with ACS.And depression with comorbid anxiety may be a new target of mood status in patients with ACS. | Kun Xia Le-Feng Wang Xin-Chun Yang Hong-Yan Jiang Li-Jing Zhang Dao-Kuo Yao Da-Yi Hu Rong-Jing Ding | 2019 | Chinese Medical Journal2019，，9： | 13 |
| 20 | Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides increase serotonin in the brain and ameliorate depression via promoting 5-hydroxytryptophan production in the gut microbiota显示文摘Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides(MOO) are an oral drug approved in China for the treatment of depression in China. However, MOO is hardly absorbed so that their anti-depressant mechanism has not been elucidated. Here, we show that oral MOO acted on tryptophan → 5-hydroxytryptophan(5-HTP) → serotonin(5-HT) metabolic pathway in the gut microbiota. MOO could increase tryptophan hydroxylase levels in the gut microbiota which accelerated 5-HTP production from tryptophan;meanwhile, MOO inhibited 5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase activity, thus reduced 5-HT generation,and accumulated 5-HTP. The raised 5-HTP from the gut microbiota was absorbed to the blood, and then passed across the blood-brain barrier to improve 5-HT levels in the brain. Additionally, pentasaccharide,as one of the main components in MOO, exerted the significant anti-depressant effect through a mechanism identical to that of MOO. This study reveals for the first time that MOO can alleviate depression via increasing 5-HTP in the gut microbiota. | Zheng-Wei Zhang Chun-Sheng Gao Heng Zhang Jian Yang Ya-Ping Wang Li-Bin Pan Hang Yu Chi-Yu He Hai-Bin Luo Zhen-Xiong Zhao Xin-Bo Zhou Yu-Li Wang Jie Fu Pei Han Yu-Hui Dong Gang Wang Song Li Yan Wang Jian-Dong Jiang Wu Zhong | 2022 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2022，12，8： | 12 |
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