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| 1 | Exploring atmospheric free-radical chemistry in China:the self-cleansing capacity and the formation of secondary air pollution显示文摘Since 1971,it has been known that the atmospheric free radicals play a pivotal role in maintaining the oxidizing power of the troposphere.The existence of the oxidizing power is an important feature of the troposphere to remove primary air pollutants emitted from human beings as well as those from the biosphere.Nevertheless,serious secondary air-pollution incidents can take place due to fast oxidation of the primary pollutants.Elucidating the atmospheric free-radical chemistry is a demanding task in the field of atmospheric chemistry worldwide,which includes two kinds of work:first,the setup of reliable radical detection systems;second,integrated field studies that enable closure studies on the sources and sinks of targeted radicals such as OH and NO3.In this review,we try to review the Chinese efforts to explore the atmospheric free-radical chemistry in such chemical complex environments and the possible link of this fast gas-phase oxidation with the fast formation of secondary air pollution in the city-cluster areas in China. | Keding Lu Song Guo Zhaofeng Tan Haichao Wang Dongjie Shang Yuhan Liu Xin Li Zhijun Wu Min Hu Yuanhang Zhang | 2019 | National Science Review2019，6，3： | 26 |
| 2 | Pathogenesis of pancreatic encephalopathy in severe acute pancreatitis显示文摘BACKGROUND: Pancreatic encephalopathy (PE) is a serious complication of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). In recent years, more and more PE cases have been reported worldwide, and the onset PE in the early stage was regarded as a poor prognosis sign of SAP, but the pathogenesis of PE in SAP still has not been clarified in the past decade. The purpose of this review is to elucidate the possible pathogenesis of PE in SAP. DATA SOURCES: The English-language literature concern- ing PE in this review came from the Database of MEDLINE (period of 1991-2005), and the keywords of severe acute pancreatitis and pancreatic encephalopathy were used in the searching. RESULTS: Many factors were involved in the pathogenesis of PE in SAP. Pancreatin activation, excessive release of cytokines and oxygen free radicals, microcirculation abnormalities of hemodynamic disturbance, ET-1/NO ratio, hypoxemia, bacterial infection, water and electrolyte imbalance, and vitamin B1 deficiency participated in the development of PE in SAP. CONCLUSIONS: The pathogenesis of PE in SAP has not yet been fully understood. The development of PE in SAP may be a multi-factor process. To find out the possible inducing factor is essential to the clinical management of PE in SAP. | Zhang, Xi-Ping Tian, Hua | 2007 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2007，6，2： | 24 |
| 3 | 北美自由贸易区的经验及对我国的启示显示文摘 | 沈四宝 王秉乾 | 2005 | 法学杂志2005，26，6： | 23 |
| 4 | Mechanism of Anti-β-adrenoceptor Antibody Mediated Myocardial Damage in Dilated Cardiomyopathy显示文摘Antibodies against &-adrenoceptor can be detected in serum of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), which have 5-agonist-like activity, and induce a positive chronotropic effect on cardiac myocytes by its persistence at full strength. Effects of the antibodies against Padrenoceptor from sera of patients with DCM on myocardial cytotoxicity and cytoplasmic free Ca2+-concentration (LCa2+ji) were observed in the cultured single layer SD rat ventricular cells by using the cytotoxicity assay and fluorescent Ca2+- indicat0r fura-2/AM. The positive sera of the anti-&adrenoceptor antibodies from patients with DCM markedly enhanced myocardial [Ca2+]i. Betaloc, a 5, -receptor blocker, might inhibit the increase of the antibody-mediated myocardial [Ca2+]i, and the sera from healthy donors had no effect on myocardial [Ca2+]i,. Our results suggest that the anti-β-adrenoceptor antibody might increase myocardial [Ca2+]i, and result in myocardial damage. The antibodies might activate receptor-gating Ca2+-channel, thereby causing myocardial [Ca2+]i, rise and calcium overload. Early use of betaloc is recommended in the treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy. | 廖玉华 程龙献 涂源淑 张金枝 董继华 李淑莉 田元 彭又红 | 1997 | Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences)1997，17，1： | 21 |
| 5 | Collision free 4D path planning for multiple UAVs based on spatial refined voting mechanism and PSO approach显示文摘In this paper, a four-dimensional coordinated path planning algorithm for multiple UAVs is proposed, in which time variable is taken into account for each UAV as well as collision free and obstacle avoidance. A Spatial Refined Voting Mechanism(SRVM) is designed for standard Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO) to overcome the defects of local optimal and slow convergence.For each generation candidate particle positions are recorded and an adaptive cube is formed with own adaptive side length to indicate occupied regions. Then space voting begins and is sorted based on voting results, whose centers with bigger voting counts are seen as sub-optimal positions. The average of all particles of corresponding dimensions are calculated as the refined solutions. A time coordination method is developed by generating specified candidate paths for every UAV, making them arrive the same destination with the same time consumption. A spatial-temporal collision avoidance technique is introduced to make collision free. Distance to destination is constructed to improve the searching accuracy and velocity of particles. In addition, the objective function is redesigned by considering the obstacle and threat avoidance, Estimated Time of Arrival(ETA), separation maintenance and UAV self-constraints. Experimental results prove the effectiveness and efficiency of the algorithm. | Yang LIU Xuejun ZHANG Yu ZHANG Xiangmin GUAN | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2019，32，6： | 20 |
| 6 | Overexpression of heme oxygenasel protects smooth muscle cells against oxidative injury and inhibits cell proliferation显示文摘To investigate whether the expression of exogenous heme oxygenase-1 (HO-l) gene within vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) could protect the cells from free radical attack and inhibit cell proliferation,we established an in vitro transfection of human HO-1 gene into rat VSMC mediated by a retroviral vector.The results showed that the profound expression of HO-1 protein as well as HO activity was 1.8- and 2.0-fold increased respectively in the transfected cells compared to the non-transfected ones. The treatment of VSMC with different concentrations of H2O2 led to the remarkable cell damage as indicated by survival rate and LDH leakage. However, the resistance of the HO-1 transfected VSMC against H2O2 was significantly raised. This protective effect was dramatically diminished when the transfected VSMC were pretreated with ZnPP-IX, a specific inhibitor of HO, for 24 h. In addition, we found that the growth potential of the transfected cells was significantly inhibited directly by increased activity of HO-l, and this effect might be related to decreased phosphorylation of MAPK. These results suggest that the overexpression of introduced hHO-1 is potentially able to reduce the risk factors of atherosclerosis, partially due to its cellular protection against oxidative injury and to its inhibitory effect on cellular proliferation. | MIN ZHANG, BAO HuI ZHANG, LI CHEN, WEI AN1 Institute of Sports Medicine, The Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China 2Department of Cell Biology, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100054, China | 2002 | Cell Research2002，12，2： | 16 |
| 7 | Value of circulating cell-free DNA in diagnosis of hepatocelluar carcinoma显示文摘AIM:To investigate the value of combined detection of circulating cell-free DNA(cfDNA),a-fetal protein(AFP) and a L-fucosidase(AFU) for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS:Serum samples from 39 HCC patients and 45 normal controls were collected.Branched DNA(bDNA) was used to detect the level of cfDNA,and a receiver operating characteristic curve was employed to evaluate the diagnostic sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,positive likelihood ratio,negative likelihood ratio and Youden index,and to assess the diagnostic efficiency and their correlations with the clinicopathological features.AFP and AFU were detected by chemiluminescence and colorimetry,respectively.The significance of combined detection of the three biomarkers was discussed.RESULTS:cfDNA level was increased in 22 of the 39 HCC samples and in 2 of the 45 normal controls.cfDNA level in HCC samples was significantly higher than that in normal controls(P < 0.05).There were significant differences in sex and extra-and intrahepatic metastasis(P < 0.05).There was no significant correlation between cfDNA,AFP and AFU in the detection of HCC.The sensitivity of combined detection of cfDNA with one marker(AFP or AFU) and cfDNA with two markers(AFP and AFU) was 71.8%,87.2% and 89.7% vs 56.4%,53.8% and 66.7% for cfDNA,AFP and AFU used alone,respectively,the difference being statistically significant(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:Quantitative analysis of cfDNA is sensitive and feasible,and the combined detection of cfDNA with AFP or AFU or both could improve the diagnostic sensitivity for HCC. | Ken Chen Hong Zhang Li-Na Zhang Shao-Qing Ju Jing Qi Dong-Feng Huang Feng Li Qun Wei Jing Zhang | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，20： | 16 |
| 8 | Phytochemical analysis and antioxidants activities of aqueous stem bark extract of Schotia latifolia Jacq显示文摘Objective:To evaluate the phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activities of aqueous extract of Scholia latifolia(S.latifolia)bark locally used for the treatment of oxidative stress-induced ailments in South Africa.Methods:The antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of aqueous extract of the plant was assessed against 1,1-diphenyl-2-pierylhydrazyl(DPPH),nitric oxide(NO),2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)diammonium salt(ABTS)and the ferric reducing agent.Total phenolics,flavonoids,flavonols and proanthocyanidins were also determined to assess their corresponding effect on the antioxidant activity of this plant.Results:The activities of plant extract against DPPH,ABTS and NO radicals were concentration dependent with IC_(50)value of 0.06,0.05 and 0.05 mg/mL,respectively.The reducing power of the extract was greater than that of butylated hydroxyl toluene(BHT)and ascorbic acid which were used as standard drugs in a concentration dependent manner.The total phenolics content of the aqueous bark extract was(193.33±0.03 TE/g),followed by flavonoids(72.70±0.01 QE/g),proanthocyanidins|48.76±0.00 CE/g)and flavonols(47.76±0.21 QE/g).Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of percentage tannin(11.40±0.02),alkaloid(9.80±0.01),steroids(18.20±0.01),glycosides(29.80±0.01)and saponins(6.80±0.00).The results exhibited a positive linear correlation between these polyphenols and the free radical scavenging activities.Conclusions:Our findings provide evidence that the crude aqueous extract of S.latifolia is a potential source of natural antioxidants and this justifies its uses in folkloric medicines. | Mbaebie BO Edeoga HO Afolayan AJ | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2012，2，2： | 15 |
| 9 | Antioxidant activities of Indigofera cassioides Rottl.Ex.DC.using various in vitro assay models显示文摘Objective:To evaluate the antioxidant potential of methanolic leaf extract of Indigofera cassioides(MEIC) using various in vilro antioxidant assay systems.Methods:Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of MEIC was assayed by using different in vitro models like ABTS, DPPH,nitric oxide,superoxide,hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical.Reductive ability of the extract was tested by the complex formation with potassium ferricyanide.Further total phenol and flavonoid contents of the crude extract were also determined.Rutin and ascorbic acid were used as standards.Results:MEIC exhibited potent and concentration dependent free radical scavenging activity in all the tested models.Reductive ability was also found to increase with increase in MEIC concentration.Total phenol and flavonoid content determination showed that the extract is rich in phenols and flavonoids.Conclusions:All the results of the in vitro antioxidant assays reveal potent antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of the leaves of Indigofera cassioides,equivalent to that of standard ascorbic acid and rutin.This potent antioxidant activity may be attributed to its high phenolic and flavonoid contents. | R Senthil Kumar B Rajkapoor P Perumal | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2012，2，4： | 15 |
| 10 | Protection of Acanthopanax Senticosus Saponin on Free Radical Injury Induced Aging of Nerve Cell显示文摘Objective: To study the effect of Acanthopanax senticosus saponin (ASS) on free radical injury induced neuron aging. Methods: On day 7 of fetal mice, cortical neuron primary passage cultures were divided into the normal control group, model group and ASS groups. The model group using free radical (FeSO 4 plus H 2O 2) injury mode prepared in vivo cultured ICR mice cortical neuron aging model; ASS groups: 24 hrs before and after treated with H 2O 2 and FeSO 4, different concentration of ASS was added, according to biochemical parameters such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) etc. and histomorphologic change to observe the protection of ASS on aging neurons. Results: The LDH, SOD, MDA of the model group were compared with the normal group, P<0.01; ASS groups added 1.25 mg/100 ml, 2.5 mg/100 ml, 5 mg/100 ml concentration of ASS, their LDH, SOD, MDA compared with the model group P<0.05-0.01, the difference was significant. In medicated groups the SOD activity of oxidization injured nerve cells obviously elevated, LDH activity and MDA content apparently lowered. Microscope and scanning electron microscopic observation showed that supplemented with ASS to protect the nerve cell injury abated, part of the cellular structure tended to normalize. Conclusion: ASS could act against free radical toxic effect, increase the anti-oxidase activity, strengthen the protection of neuron cells. It is assumed that the effect against nerve cell aging was possibly through scavenging oxygen free radical, strengthening the stability of cell membrane, thus delaying the development of aging. | 潘永进 顾永健 顾小苏 | 2002 | Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine2002，8，3： | 15 |
| 11 | 氧自由基对动物机体的毒性作用显示文摘 | 刘兆红 岳炳辉 | 2005 | 上海畜牧兽医通讯2005，，3： | 13 |
| 12 | 热解参数 S1的轻烃与重烃校正及其意义--以渤海湾盆地大民屯凹陷E2 s4(2)段为例显示文摘利用热解参数S1(游离烃含量)对页岩油进行资源评价时存在轻烃和重烃损失的现象,导致计算资源量偏小。针对重烃损失,将相同泥页岩样品经抽提前、后热解实验所得的S2(热解含量)进行对比,二者之差即为S1损失的重烃含量。针对轻烃损失,基于未熟泥页岩样品Rock-Eval和PY-GC实验以及对原油进行的金管实验,根据化学动力学原理求取各动力学参数,结合Easy Ro模型计算出不同成熟度时生成的C6-13与C13+的比值,将此值作为烃源岩内残留的C6-13与C13+比值,并在经重烃恢复之后的S1基础上进行轻烃恢复。使用轻烃与重烃恢复前、后的S1作为页岩油资源评价参数,在资源量计算方面差别较大。以渤海湾盆地大民屯凹陷E2s4(2)段为例,其恢复前资源量为2.26×108t,恢复后资源量为6.47×108t,恢复后资源量为恢复前的2.86倍。因此在利用S1对页岩油进行资源评价时,对S1的轻烃和重烃恢复具有重要意义。 | 李进步 卢双舫 陈国辉 单俊峰 胡英杰 毛俊莉 薛海涛 王民 | 2016 | 石油与天然气地质2016，37，4： | 13 |
| 13 | 无标度网络的嵌入-删除-补偿模型的建立及分析显示文摘Barabási-Albert(B-A)模型是一种生长网络模型,其动力学特征是新节点的嵌入和链接的偏好选择.基于B-A模型,本文把模型的动力学过程推广到包括对网络中已有节点(或链接)的随机删除及其相应链接补偿.研究表明网络的无标度特征(幂律指数γ=3)本质上是因为链接的偏好特性,而与随机增加或删除节点或链接无明显关系.本研究结果能够从网络动力学方面解释无标度网络(scale-freenetworks)对随机攻击具有鲁棒性和对恶意攻击具有脆弱性的原因. | 唐芙蓉 蔡绍洪 李朝辉 | 2005 | 中国矿业大学学报2005，34，3： | 13 |
| 14 | 探索建设自由贸易港的政策安排与路径分析显示文摘1547年,世界上第一个正式以自由港命名的自由贸易区——意大利热那亚湾的利沃诺港(Livoron Free Port)建成。400多年以来.全球119个国家和地区累计设立了3000多个自由贸易港(区)。这些自由贸易港基本上都发展成为国际贸易的主导枢纽或是集散交易中心,促进了地区经济社会的繁荣发展,在很大程度上推动了全球贸易、投资的自由化。 | 陈诚 林志刚 任春杨 | 2018 | 国际贸易2018，，5： | 13 |
| 15 | 亚麻纤维热解动力学的“model free”法和Coats-Redfern模型拟合法研究显示文摘亚麻纤维是一种潜在的气化原料,本文对亚麻纤维的热解行为进行了热重分析研究。10mg粒径为0.60~0.85mm的亚麻纤维颗粒在高纯氮气的保护下分别以10、20、30、50K.min-1的升温速率线性升温到550℃。使用"model free"方法和Coats-Redfern模型拟合方法分析亚麻纤维的热解过程,并估算出热解反应的表观活化能。本文中"model free"方法包括Friedman、Flynn-wall-Ozawa、Vyazovkin and Wight三种等转化率方法及Kissinger法。三种等转化率方法均得到活化能随着转化率的升高而升高的规律。四种"model free"方法显示亚麻纤维的活化能主要在155~175kJ·mol-1之间,使用模型拟合方法所获得亚麻纤维热解反应的活化能值在175kJ·mol-1左右,使用模型拟合方法和"model free"方法所得的活化能值接近。这些活化能值可以为亚麻纤维高效的热化学利用提供基础数据。 | 许桂英 Watkinson A.Paul Ellis Naoko 孙国刚 | 2010 | 化工学报2010，61，9： | 11 |
| 16 | Prognostic value of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha and prolyl 4-hydroxylase beta polypeptide overexpression in gastric cancer显示文摘AIM To investigate the relationship between hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α), prolyl 4-hydroxylase beta(P4 HB) expression, and clinicopathologic parameters, as well as the prognostic value of these genes for patients with gastric cancer(Gc).METHODS Hypoxia is a critical factor that shapes the Gc microenvironment. In previous reports, we have demonstrated that P4 HB is a potential target of HIF-1α. In the present study, gene expression profiling interactive analysis(GEPIA) was used to analyze the relationship between P4 HB and hypoxia-associated genes. To this end, 428 Gc tissue samples were used to analyze the expression of HIF-1α and P4 HB via immunohistochemical staining. Patient samples were classified as having weak-expression or over-expression both in terms of HIF-1α and P4 HB. Correlations between biomarkers and clinicopathological factors were analyzed to predict survival. RESULTS P4 HB demonstrated a positive correlation with hypoxiaassociated genes(P < 0.05). HIF-1α and P4 HB overexpression have a significant correlation with TNM staging(χ2 = 23.32, P = 0.00; χ2 = 65.64, P = 0.00) and peritoneum cavity metastasis(χ2 = 12.67, P = 0.00; χ2 = 39.29, P = 0.00). In univariate analysis, patients with a high HIF-1α expression trend had a shorter disease-free survival(DFS: 44.80 mo vs 22.06 mo) and overall survival(OS: 49.58 mo vs 39.92 mo). P4 HB overexpression reflected similar results: patients with over-expression of P4 HB had a shorter survival time than those with weak-expression(DFS: 48.03 mo vs 29.64 mo, OS: 52.48 mo vs 36.87 mo). Furthermore, HIF-1α is also a clinicopathological predictor of dismal prognosis according to multivariate analysis(DFS, 95%c I: 0.52-0.88, P < 0.00; OS, 95%c I: 0.50-0.85, P < 0.00). However, P4 HB was meaningful in DFS(95%c I: 0.58-1.00, P < 0.05) but not in OS(95%c I: 0.72-1.23, P > 0.05).CONCLUSION Overexpression of HIF-1α and P4 HB is associated with poor prognosis in patients with Gc. Thus, these genes may be potential prognostic biomarker candidates in GC. | Jun Zhang Yue Wu Yu-Hang Lin Shuai Guo Pei-Fang Ning Zhi-chao Zheng Yue Wang Yan Zhao | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，22： | 11 |
| 17 | gt-C3N4 coordinated single atom as an efficient electrocatalyst for nitrogen reduction reaction显示文摘The electrochemical reduction of nitrogen to ammonia is a promising way to produce ammonia at mild condition.The design and preparation of an efficient catalyst with high ammonia selectivity is critical for the real applications.In this work,a series of transition metal (TM =Sc,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,Y,Zr,Nb,Mo,Tc,Ru,Rh,Pd,Ag,and Cd) atoms supported by gt-C3N4 (TM/gt-C3N4) are investigated as electrocatalysts for the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) based on density functional calculations.It is found that Mo/gt-C3N4 with a limiting potential of-0.82 V is the best catalyst for standing-on adsorbed N2 cases.While for lying-on adsorbed N2 cases,V/gt-C3N4 with a limiting potential of-0.79 V is berer than other materials.It is believed that this work provides several promising candidates for the non-noble metal electrocatalysts for NRR at mild condition. | Lifu Zhang Wanghui Zhao Wenhua Zhang Jing Chen Zhenpeng Hu | 2019 | Nano Research2019，12，5： | 11 |
| 18 | Modeling of elastic wave propagation on a curved free surface using an improved finite-difference algorithm显示文摘Based on existing direct and imaging methods of a staggered finite-difference scheme, an improved algorithm for staggered finite-difference is proposed to implement rugged topographic free boundary conditions. This method assumes that the free surface can be implemented with horizontal and vertical free surface segments and their corners; the free surface passes through the grid points of shear stress components, instead of the normal stress components. Imaging is carried out for stress components in both horizontal and vertical directions, thus increasing the accuracy. To update particle- velocities, imaging and updating are first performed in the horizontal direction, and then in the vertical direction. The numerical results for elastic flat horizontal free surface with the imaging method and those for flat free surfaces of various slope angles with the proposed method are compared, and are shown to be in good agreement. The advantage of the proposed method is that only the stresses are dealt with in implementing the free surface into the staggered algorithm, which improves computation efficiency. | WANG Xiuming1,3 & ZHANG Hailan2 1. CSIRO Petroleum, ARRC, PO BOX 1130, Technology Park, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia 2. Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China 3. Present address: Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China | 2004 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2004，47，5： | 11 |
| 19 | Role of Moringa oleifera in regulation of diabetes-induced oxidative stress显示文摘Objective:To evaluate the antioxidant activity of aqueous extract of Atoringa oleifeta M.oleifera) young leaves by in vivo as well as in vitro assays.Methods:In vitro study included estimation of total phenolic,total ilavonol,total flavonoid and total antioxidant power(FRAP assay).Tn addition, in vivo study was done with the identified most effective dose of 200 nig/kg of its lyophilized powder on normal and diabetic rats.Its effect on different oxidative free radical scavenging enzymes,viz,superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),glutathione-S-transferase(GST),lipid peroxide(LPO) contents were measured.Results:Significant increase in activities of SOD.CAT, GST while,a decrease in LPO content was observed.Whereas,total phenolic,flavonoid and ilavonol contents in the extract were found to be 120 mg/g of CAK,40.5 mg/g of QEK and 12.12 mg/g of QE,respectively.On the other hand.FRAP assay results of M.oleifera leaves was(85.00±5.00)μM of Fe^+/g of extract powder.Conclusions:The significant antioxidant activities of M.oleifera leaves from both in vivo as well as in vitro studies suggests that the regular intake of its leaves through diet can protect normal as well as diabetic patients against oxidative damage. | Dolly Jaiswal Prashant Kumar Rai Shikha Mehta Sanjukta Chatterji Surekha Shukla Devendra Kumar Rai Gaurav Sharma Bechan Sharma Shahidul khair Geeta Watal | 2013 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2013，6，6： | 11 |
| 20 | 从比较法的角度论我国反垄断争议的可仲裁性显示文摘 | 杜新丽 | 2008 | 比较法研究2008，22，5： | 11 |
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