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| 1 | Prevalence of fatty liver disease and the economy in China: A systematic review显示文摘AIM: To investigate the relationship between the economy and the adult prevalence of fatty liver disease(FLD) in China's Mainland. METHODS: Literature searches on the Pub Med and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were performed to identify eligible studies published before July 2014. Records were limited to crosssectional surveys or baseline surveys of longitudinal studies that reported the adult prevalence of FLD and recruited subjects from the general population or community. The gross domestic product(GDP) per capita was chosen to assess the economic status. Multiple linear regression and Loess regression were chosen to fit the data and calculate the 95%CIs. Fitting and overfitting of the models were considered in choosing the appropriate models. RESULTS: There were 27 population-based surveys from 26 articles included in this study. The pooled mean prevalence of FLD in China was 16.73%(95%CI: 13.92%-19.53%). The prevalence of FLD was correlated with the GDP per capita and survey years in the country(adjusted R2 = 0.8736, P GDP per capita = 0.00426, P years = 0.0000394), as well as in coastal areas(R2 = 0.9196, P GDP per capita = 0.00241, P years = 0.00281). Furthermore, males [19.28%(95%CI: 15.68%-22.88%)] presented a higher prevalence than females [14.1%(95%CI: 11.42%-16.61%), P = 0.0071], especially in coastal areas [21.82(95%CI: 17.94%-25.71%) vs 17.01%(95%CI: 14.30%-19.89%), P = 0.0157]. Finally, the prevalence was predicted to reach 20.21% in 2020, increasing at a rate of 0.594% per year. CONCLUSION: This study reveals a correlation between the economy and the prevalence of FLD in China's Mainland. | Jin-Zhou Zhu Qin-Yi Zhou Yu-Ming Wang Yi-Ning Dai Jiang Zhu Chao-Hui Yu You-Ming Li | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，18： | 116 |
| 2 | Pathogenicity of a currently circulating Chinese variant pseudorabies virus in pigs显示文摘AIM:To test the pathogenicity of pseudorabies virus(PRV)variant HN1201 and compare its pathogenicity with a classical PRV Fa strain.METHODS:The pathogenicity of the newly-emerging PRV variant HN1201 was evaluated by different inoculating routes,virus loads,and ages of pigs.The classical PRV Fa strain was then used to compare with HN1201 to determine pathogenicity.Clinical symptoms after virus infection were recorded daily and average daily body weight was used to measure the growth performance of pigs.At necropsy,gross pathology and histopathology were used to evaluate the severity of tissue damage caused by virus infection.RESULTS:The results showed that the efficient infection method of RPV HN1201 was via intranasal inoculation at 107 TCID50,and that the virus has high pathogenicity to 35-to 127-d old pigs.Compared with Fa strain,pigs infected with HN1201 showed more severe clinical symptoms and pathological lesions.Immunochemistry results revealed HN1201 had more abundant antigen distribution in extensive organs.CONCLUSION:All of the above results suggest that PRV variant HN1201 was more pathogenic to pigs than the classical Fa strain. | Qing-Yuan Yang Zhe Sun Fei-Fei Tan Ling-Hua Guo Yu-Zhou Wang Juan Wang Zhi-Yan Wang Li-Lin Wang Xiang-Dong Li Yan Xiao Ke-Gong Tian | 2016 | World Journal of Virology2016，5，1： | 31 |
| 3 | Hongda New Material Improved Silicone Rubber Industrial Chain显示文摘 | Jiangsu Hongda Chemical New Material Co.,Ltd.(Hongda New material,SZ:002211)is located in Yangzhong,Jiangsu province.It got listed in Shenzhen Stock Exchange onFebruary 1st,2008.(CCR2008, No.3)The company mainly produces silicone monomersand high-temperature silicone rubber series.The capacity of silicone monomers and prod-ucts of silicone rubber series reached 30 000 t/a and 28 000 t/a respectively at the end of2007.The sales volume of high-temperature silicone rubber compound has grown steadilyat 30% a year.The company’s high-temperature silicone rubber capacity is still beingexpanded today and will hopefully reach 50 000 t/a at the end of 2008. | 2008 | China Chemical Reporter2008，，25： | 16 |
| 4 | 头穴丛刺配合蜡疗对痉挛型脑瘫患者运动功能的影响显示文摘目的观察头穴丛刺配合蜡疗对脑瘫患者运动功能的影响。方法将符合纳入标准的痉挛型脑瘫患者40例,随机分为对照组与观察组,每组20例。对照组采用头穴丛刺长留针疗法,并给予针对痉挛型脑瘫患者的上田法及各项常规康复训练;观察组在对照组的基础上配合蜡疗。每日1次,共治疗8星期。治疗前后采用粗大运动功能量表(GMFM-88)、改良Ashworth量表评分进行运动功能评定。结果两组组内治疗前后GMFM-88评分比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组治疗后GMFM-88评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗前后改良Ashworth量表评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组治疗前后改良Ashworth量表评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组治疗后改良Ashworth量表评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在常规康复训练基础上,头穴丛刺配合蜡疗对痉挛型脑瘫患者的肌张力及运动功能的恢复效果明显,有益于促进脑瘫患者的正常发育。 | 任婷 朱路文 唐强 | 2017 | 上海针灸杂志2017，36，5： | 14 |
| 5 | A new method of identifying and locating gross errors——Quasi-accurate detection显示文摘A new idea and a distinctive method have been proposed, which concern real errors and their estimators. By using the idea of 'Quasi-Stable Adjustment' created by Prof. Zhou Jiangwen for reference, the rank-deficient equations on real errors are resolved by adding the conditions under which the minimum of the norm of the real errors of the quasi-accurate observations is restrained. | OU JikunInstitute of Geodesy and Geophysics , IMboratory of Dynamical Geodesy , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430077 , China | 1999 | Chinese Science Bulletin1999，44，23： | 14 |
| 6 | A Numerical World Ocean General Circulation Model显示文摘This paper describes a numerical model of the world ocean based on the fully primitive equations. A 'Standard' ocean state is introduced into the equations of the model and the perturbed thermodynamic variables are used in the modlc’s calculations. Both a free upper surface and a bottom topography are included in the model and a sigma coordinate is used to normalize the model’s vertical component. The model has four unevenly-spaced layers and 4 × 5 horizontal resolution based on C-grid system. The finite-difference scheme of the model is designed to conserve the gross available energy in order to avoid fictitious energy generation or decay.The model has been tested in response to the annual mean surface wind stress, sea level air pressure and sea level air temperature as a preliminary step to its further improvement and its coupling with a global atmospheric general circulation model. Some of results, including currents, temperature and sea surface elevation simulated by the mode! arc presented. | 张学洪 粱信忠 | 1989 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences1989，6，1： | 10 |
| 7 | Stem cell treatment and cerebral palsy: Systemic review and meta-analysis显示文摘BACKGROUND Perinatal complications may result in life-long morbidities,among which cerebral palsy(CP)is the most severe motor disability.Once developed,CP is a nonprogressive disease with a prevalence of 1-2 per 1000 live births in developed countries.It demands an extensive and multidisciplinary care.Therefore,it is a challenge for our health system and a burden for patients and their families.Recently,stem cell therapy emerged as a promising treatment option and raised hope in patients and their families.AIM The aim is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of stem cell treatment in children with CP using a systematic review and meta-analysis METHODS We performed a systematic literature search on PubMed and EMBASE to find randomized controlled clinical trials(RCT)investigating the effect of stem cell transplantation in children with CP.After the review,we performed a randomeffects meta-analysis focusing on the change in gross motor function,which was quantified using the gross motor function measure.We calculated the pooled standardized mean differences of the 6-and/or 12-mo-outcome by the method of Cohen.We quantified the heterogeneity using the I-squared measure.RESULTS We identified a total of 8 RCT for a qualitative review.From the initially selected trials,5 met the criteria and were included in the meta-analysis.Patients’population ranged from 0.5 up to 35 years(n=282).We detected a significant improvement in the gross motor function with a pooled standard mean difference of 0.95(95%confidence interval:0.13-1.76)favoring the stem cell group and a high heterogeneity(I2=90.1%).Serious adverse events were rare and equally distributed among both intervention and control groups.CONCLUSION Stem cell therapy for CP compared with symptomatic standard care only,shows a significant positive effect on the gross motor function,although the magnitude of the improvement is limited.Short-term safety is present and further highquality RCTs are needed. | Simone Eggenberger Céline Boucard Andreina Schoeberlein Raphael Guzman Andreas Limacher Daniel Surbek Martin Mueller | 2019 | World Journal of Stem Cells2019，11，10： | 8 |
| 8 | Spatio-temporal patterns of forest carbon dioxide exchange based on global eddy covariance measurements显示文摘Spatio-temporal patterns and driving mechanisms of forest carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange are the key issues on terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycles, which are the basis for developing and validating ecosystem carbon cycle models, assessing and predicting the role of forests in global carbon balance. Eddy covariance (EC) technique, an important method for measuring energy and material exchanges between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere, has made a great contribution to understanding CO2 exchanges in the biosphere during the past decade. Here, we synthesized published EC flux measurements at various forest sites in the global network of eddy flux tower sites (FLUXNET) and regional flux networks. Our objective was to explore spatio-temporal patterns and driving factors on forest carbon fluxes, i.e. net ecosystem productivity (NEP), gross primary productivity (GPP) and total ecosystem respiration (TER). Globally, forest NEP exhibited a significant latitudinal pattern jointly controlled by GPP and TER. The NEP decreased in an order of warm temperate forest > cold temperate and tropical rain forests > boreal and subalpine forests. Mean annual temperature (MAT) made a greater contribution to forest carbon fluxes than sum of annual precipitation (SAP). As MAT increased, the GPP increased linearly, whereas the TER increased exponentially, resulting in the NEP decreasing beyond an MAT threshold of 20°C. The GPP, TER and NEP varied substantially when the SAP was less than 1500 mm, but tended to increase with increasing SAP. Temporal dynamics in forest carbon fluxes and determinants depended upon time scales. NEP showed a significant interannual variability mainly driven by climate fluctuations and different responses of the GPP and TER to environmental forcing. In a longer term, forest carbon fluxes had a significant age effect. The ecosystem was a net carbon source right after clearcutting, gradually switched to a net carbon sink when the relative stand age (i.e. ratio of actual stand age to the stand rotation age) approached 0.3, and maximized carbon sequestration capacity at premature or mature stand stages. This temporal pattern of NEP was correlated with stand leaf area index and associated GPP. This study highlights the significance of spatio-temporal dynamics in the CO2 exchange in forest carbon cycling studies. It is also suggested that in addition to forest biomes, interannual variations and stand age effects of forest carbon fluxes should be considered in the global carbon balance. | XingChang Wang ChuanKuan Wang GuiRui Yu | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，8： | 8 |
| 9 | The effect of the CHAMP intervention on fundamental motor skills and outdoor physical activity in preschoolers显示文摘Purpose: Physical activity(PA) and fundamental motor skills are important components of current and future trajectories of health in young children. This study examined the effects of a 5-week motor skill intervention on preschoolers' motor skill competence and their PA behaviors while participating in the motor skill intervention or outdoor free play(recess).Methods: A total of 102 preschoolers served as participants and were part of a motor skill intervention group(n = 64) or a control/outdoor free play group(n = 38). Children's motor skills were assessed before and after the intervention using the Test of Gross Motor Development-3 rd edition. PA during the motor skill intervention and outdoor free play was assessed using accelerometers both immediately before the start(baseline, Week 0 or Week 1) and end(late, Week 5 or Week 6) of the intervention.Results: All children significantly improved their motor skills from baseline to late assessment(p < 0.05). Children in the motor skill intervention demonstrated greater rates of change(p < 0.001) and scored higher on all motor skills at the late assessment compared with the control group(p < 0.001). There was no effect of group(control vs. intervention), but there was a significant effect of sex on children's PA during outdoor free play at baseline(p < 0.05). Similarly, there was no effect of group on PA during days with the movement program(intervention vs. outdoor free play) at either time point, but boys were more active than girls at the late assessment(p < 0.05). Last, children in the intervention engaged in more PA while participating in the intervention toward the end of the intervention than at the beginning.Conclusion: The 5-week motor skill intervention was effective at improving preschoolers' motor skills and rates of change in motor skills were higher for children who completed the intervention compared with children in the control group. Preschoolers in the intervention did demonstrate PA changes while participating in the intervention, but these changes did not translate outside of the intervention setting. | Kara K.Palmer Katherine M.Chinn Leah E.Robinson | 2019 | Journal of Sport and Health Science2019，8，2： | 6 |
| 10 | Responses of gross primary productivity to different sizes of precipitation events in a temperate grassland ecosystem in Inner Mongolia, China显示文摘Changes in the sizes of precipitation events in the context of global climate change may have profound impacts on ecosystem productivity in arid and semiarid grasslands. However, we still have little knowledge about to what extent grassland productivity will respond to an individual precipitation event. In this study, we quantified the duration, the maximum, and the time-integrated amount of the response of daily gross primary productivity(GPP) to an individual precipitation event and their variations with different sizes of precipitation events in a typical temperate steppe in Inner Mongolia, China. Results showed that the duration of GPP-response(τR) and the maximum absolute GPP-response(GPPmax) increased linearly with the sizes of precipitation events(Pes), driving a corresponding increase in time-integrated amount of the GPP-response(GPPtotal) because variations of GPPtotal were largely explained by τR and GPPmax. The relative contributions of these two parameters to GPPtotal were strongly Pes-dependent. The GPPmax contributed more to the variations of GPPtotal when Pes was relatively small(<20 mm), whereas τR was the main driver to the variations of GPPtotal when Pes was relatively large. In addition, a threshold size of at least 5 mm of precipitation was required to induce a GPP-response for the temperate steppe in this study. Our work has important implications for the modeling community to obtain an advanced understanding of productivity-response of grassland ecosystems to altered precipitation regimes. | GUO Qun LI Shenggong HU Zhongmin ZHAO Wei YU Guirui SUN Xiaomin LI Linghao LIANG Naishen BAI Wenming | 2016 | Journal of Arid Land2016，8，1： | 4 |
| 11 | Seasonal dependency of controlling factors on the phytoplankton production in Taihu Lake, China显示文摘In this study, 44 profiles of gross primary productivity(GPP) and sunlight, along with water temperature, Chlorophyll-a(Chla) and nutrients, were observed in Meiliang Bay of Taihu Lake, China, in the spring, summer, and fall seasons. Effects of water temperature, light,and nutrient concentration were examined in relation to the GPP-unit-Chla(GPP of algae per Chla). The results showed that the optimum temperature for the GPP of phytoplankton was 27.9°C, the optimal PNA-unit-Chla(photon number absorbed by phytoplankton per Chla) was 0.25(mol), and the HSCN-unit-Chla and HSCP-unit-Chla(half-saturation constants of nitrogen and phosphorus of algae per Chla) were 0.005(mg/L) and 0.0004(mg/L), respectively. The seasonal dependency of the effect of different factors on the GPP was analyzed. Compared with temperature and nutrients, light was found to be the most important factor affecting the GPP during the three seasons. The effect of temperature and nutrients on the GPP of phytoplankton has obvious seasonal change. In spring, temperature was the secondary factor affecting the GPP of phytoplankton, and the effect of nutrients may be negligible in the eutrophic lake on account of temperature limit, which showed that the GPP of algae was only affected by the physical process. In summer and fall, temperature didn't affect the GPP of algae, and the presence of nutrients was the secondary factor affecting the GPP of phytoplankton. From summer to fall, effect of phosphorus was weakened and effect of nitrogen was enhanced. | Qiaohua Zhao Jing Wang Jianjian Wang Julian X.L.Wang | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019，31，2： | 4 |
| 12 | Climate and Vegetation Drivers of Terrestrial Carbon Fluxes:A Global Data Synthesis显示文摘The terrestrial carbon(C) cycle plays an important role in global climate change, but the vegetation and environmental drivers of C fluxes are poorly understood. We established a global dataset with 1194 available data across site-years including gross primary productivity(GPP), ecosystem respiration(ER), net ecosystem productivity(NEP), and relevant environmental factors to investigate the variability in GPP, ER and NEP, as well as their covariability with climate and vegetation drivers.The results indicated that both GPP and ER increased exponentially with the increase in mean annual temperature(MAT)for all biomes. Besides MAT, annual precipitation(AP) had a strong correlation with GPP(or ER) for non-wetland biomes.Maximum leaf area index(LAI) was an important factor determining C fluxes for all biomes. The variations in both GPP and ER were also associated with variations in vegetation characteristics. The model including MAT, AP and LAI explained 53%of the annual GPP variations and 48% of the annual ER variations across all biomes. The model based on MAT and LAI explained 91% of the annual GPP variations and 92.9% of the annual ER variations for the wetland sites. The effects of LAI on GPP, ER or NEP highlighted that canopy-level measurement is critical for accurately estimating ecosystem–atmosphere exchange of carbon dioxide. The present study suggests a significance of the combined effects of climate and vegetation(e.g.,LAI) drivers on C fluxes and shows that climate and LAI might influence C flux components differently in different climate regions. | Shutao CHEN Jianwen ZOU Zhenghua HU Yanyu LU | 2019 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2019，36，7： | 4 |
| 13 | THE HISTORICAL CLIMATIC RECORDS IN ICE CORES FROM THE SURFACE LAYER OF WILKES LAND, ANTARCTICA显示文摘The information preserved in the surface layer of the Antarctic ice sheet is so abundant and detailed that in the areas with a high accumulation rate the annual climatic changes in the past can be distinguished. After conducting an investigation into the stratigraphical features of ice cores from two typical shallow boreholes in the Wilkes Land, one inland and another near the margin, analyzing δ(18)O and the gross β radioactivity in the cores, as well as anslyzing the power spectra of δ18O, the authors present some important assessments on the climatic information in the past several decades therein such as the annual mean temperature and precipitation, and suggest that there is a period of 11 years with which the climate changes cyclically in East Antactica. Such a studying method will be of value in both theory and practice to the inland Antarctica, where direct meteorological observation is deficient. | 秦大河 王文悌 | 1990 | Science China Chemistry1990，33，4： | 3 |
| 14 | Effects of six years of simulated N deposition on gross soil N transformation rates in an old-growth temperate forest显示文摘Elevated atmospheric nitrogen(N) deposition has been detected in many regions of China, but its effects on soil N transformation in temperate forest ecosystems are not well known. We therefore simulated N deposition with four levels of N addition rate(N0, N30, N60, and N120) for6 years in an old-growth temperate forest in Xiaoxing'an Mountains in Northeastern China. We measured gross N transformation rates in the laboratory using ^(15)N tracing technology to explore the effects of N deposition on soil gross N transformations taking advantage of N deposition soils. No significant differences in gross soil N transformation rates were observed after 6 years of N deposition with various levels of N addition rate. For all N deposition soils, the gross NH_4^+ immobilization rates were consistently lower than the gross N mineralization rates,leading to net N mineralization. Nitrate(NO_3^-) was primarily produced via oxidation of NH_4^+(i.e., autotrophic nitrification), whereas oxidation of organic N(i.e., heterotrophic nitrification) was negligible. Differences between the quantity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and ammonia-oxidizing archaea were not significant for any treatment, which likely explains the lack of a significant effect on gross nitrification rates. Gross nitrification rates were much higher than the total NO_3^- consumption rates,resulting in a build-up of NO_3^-, which highlights the high risk of N losses via NO_3^- leaching or gaseous N emissions from soils. This response is opposite that of typical N-limited temperate forests suffering from N deposition,suggesting that the investigated old-growth temperate forest ecosystem is likely to approach N saturation. | Peng Tian Jinbo Zhang Christoph Müller Zucong Cai Guangze Jin | 2018 | Journal of Forestry Research2018，29，3： | 3 |
| 15 | MHSS ARAIM Algorithm Combined with Gross Error Detection显示文摘Due to some shortcomings in the current multiple hypothesis solution separation advanced receiver autonomous integrity monitoring(MHSS ARAIM)algorithm,such as the weaker robustness,a number of computational subsets with the larger computational load,a method combining MHSS ARAIM with gross error detection is proposed in this paper.The gross error detection method is used to identify and eliminate the gross data in the original data first,then the MHSS ARAIM algorithm is used to deal with the data after the gross error detection.Therefore,this makes up for the weakness of the MHSS ARAIM algorithm.With the data processing and analysis from several international GNSS service(IGS)and international GNSS monitoring and assessment system(iGMAS)stations,the results show that this new algorithm is superior to MHSS ARAIM in the localizer performance with vertical guidance down to 200 feet service(LPV-200)when using GPS and BDS measure data.Under the assumption of a single-faulty satellite,the effective monitoring threshold(EMT)is improved about 22.47%and 9.63%,and the vertical protection level(VPL)is improved about 32.28%and 12.98%for GPS and BDS observations,respectively.Moreover,under the assumption of double-faulty satellites,the EMT is improved about 80.85%and 29.88%,and the VPL is improved about 49.66%and 18.24%for GPS and BDS observations,respectively. | Yabin ZHANG Li WANG Lihong FAN Xuanyu QU | 2020 | Journal of Geodesy and Geoinformation Science2020，3，1： | 3 |
| 16 | Analysis of orthopedic surgical procedures in children with cerebral palsy显示文摘BACKGROUND Orthopedic surgery in children with cerebral palsy(CP)aims to improve function and prevent deformities.Each child’s condition in CP is unique and many covariables influence surgical decision-making including a patient's age and their functional level.Little is known about the frequency of different types of orthopedic surgery in children with CP who have varied functional levels,particularly in countries from Latin America.AIM To assess the type of orthopedic surgical procedures in relation to age and gross motor function in children with CP.METHODS This retrospective study included all children with CP(n=245)treated with elective orthopedic surgery at a Uruguayan university hospital between October 2010 and May 2016 identified from a surgical database.Eighteen children(7%)were lost to follow-up due to missing medical charts.Demographics,gross motor function classification(GMFCS),and orthopedic surgeries were obtained from the medical records of 227 children.Chi-squared tests and analysis of variance were used to assess the frequency of surgery,accounting for GMFCS levels.Mean age for soft tissue vs bone surgery was compared with the independent samples t-test.RESULTS A total of 711 surgical procedures were performed between 1998 and 2016.On average,children had 3.1 surgical procedures and the mean age at first surgery was 8.0 years.There were no significant differences in age at first surgery among GMFCS levels(P=0.47).The most common procedures were lower leg soft tissue surgery(n=189,27%),hip tenotomy(n=135,19%),and hamstring tenotomy(n=104,14%).For children with GMFCS level Ⅰ,the mean number of surgeries per child[1.8(range 1-9)]differed significantly at P<0.05 in children with GMFCS levels Ⅱ[3.2(1-12)],Ⅲ[3.2(1-8)],Ⅳ[3.3(1-13)],and Ⅴ[3.6(1-11)].Within Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,and Ⅴ,there was no significant difference in mean number of surgeries per child when comparing across the groups.The proportion of soft tissue surgery vs bone surgery was higher in GMFCS levels Ⅰ-Ⅲ(80%-85%)compared to levels IV(68%)and V(55%)(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The frequency of surgical procedures per child did not increase with higher GMFCS level after level Ⅰ.However,the proportion of bone surgery was higher in GMFCS levels Ⅳ-Ⅴ compared to Ⅰ-Ⅲ. | Ignacio Rehbein Viviana Teske Ignacio Pagano Alejandro Cúneo María Elena Pérez Johan von Heideken | 2020 | World Journal of Orthopedics2020，11，4： | 2 |
| 17 | Earthquake loss estimation by using Gross Domestic Product and population data显示文摘EarthquakelosestimationbyusingGrosDomesticProductandpopulationdataQI-FUCHEN1)(陈棋福)YONGCHEN1)(陈禺页)LINGCHEN2)(陈凌)1)CenterforAn... | 陈棋福 陈禺页 陈凌 | 1997 | Acta Seismologica Sinica(English Edition)1997，10，6： | 2 |
| 18 | Modeling of maize gross primary production using MODIS imagery and flux tower data显示文摘Maize is one of the most important crops cultivated on the global scale.Accurate estimation of maize Gross Primary Production(GPP)can provide valuable information for regional and global carbon budget studies.From site level to regional/global scales,GPP estimation depends on remote sensing or eddy covariance flux data.In this research,the 8-day composite GPP of maize was estimated by Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)and flux tower data at eight study sites using a Regional Production Efficiency Model(REG-PEM).The performance of the model was assessed by analyzing the linearly regression of GPP estimated from the REG-PEM model(GPPEST)with the GPP predicted from the eddy covariance data(GPPEC).The coefficient of determination,root mean squared error and mean absolute error of the regression model were calculated.The uncertainties of the model are also discussed in this research.The seasonal dynamics(phases and magnitudes)of the GPPEST reasonably agreed with those of GPPEC,indicating the potential of the satellite-driven REG-PEM model for up-scaling the GPP in maize croplands.Furthermore,the maize GPP estimated by this model is more accurate than the MODIS GPP products(MOD17A2).In particular,MOD17A2 significantly underestimated the GPP of maize croplands.The uncertainties in the REG-PEM model are mostly contributed by the maximum light use efficiency and the fraction of photosynthetically active radiation. | Li Shihua He Ping Liu Baosheng Ni Ping Han Xing | 2016 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2016，9，2： | 2 |
| 19 | REPRODUCTIVE RATE OF A MARINE PLANKTONIC COPEPOD LABIDOCERA EUCHAETA GIESBRECHT IN XIAMEN HARBOR显示文摘Reproductive rate of a marine planktonic copepod Labidocera euchaeta Giesbrecht in Xiamen Harbor was studied during the period from April 1986 to August 1987. Results showed that rate of egg production (F, eggs/(,d)) was positively correlated with temperature (T,℃) ) and body weight of spawning female (We,ugC ) as: F=0.0637 (T-7)0.7445Wc. Each month a maximum rate of egg production occurred at one of the five experimental temperatures (10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, and 30℃) near the monthly mean field temperature. The available food density (P, ugC/ml) had significant effect on specific rate of egg production (Fc, %C/d) as :Fc=0.1732(P-0.0179)/P. The gross efficiency of egg production of ca 62% in carbon was independent of food density snd ingestion rate. Observations on in situ egg production and hatching rate demonstrated that this species reproduces continuously all the year round, with summer as its high reproductive season and winter a low one. Ten generations a year is also suggested based on the | 林森杰 李松 | 1991 | Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology1991，9，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Anatomizing the “King of Neurosciences”显示文摘The human nucleus accumbens(NA), a major part of the ventral striatum, is the area of continuity between the putamen and head of the caudate nucleus. It consists of two parts, a shell laterally and a core medially. The first is mainly connected to the limbic system and the second to the extrapyramidal motor system. The NA, a major pleasure center of the human brain, acts as a limbic-motor interface and is involved in several cognitive, emotional and psychomotor functions. It has a modulating function in the amygdala-basal gangliaprefrontal cortex circuit. It is considered as the neural interface between motivation and action. Further, it is a principal modulator of the reward circuits and supplies motor expression to emotional responses. Such a clinical significance could easily explain the intense work taking place in the respective field of basic research. Its exceptional clinical importance justifies the title of the 'King of Neurosciences' for this nucleus. Purpose of this editorial is to review the 'informational paths' left behind by the few researchers who tried to explore the architecture(gross anatomy) of this ‘kingdom'. The first anatomical study focused on this nucleus came from Neto et al. The most extensive study of the NA gross, imaging, stereotactic and neurosurgical anatomy so far,came from the research efforts of Mavridis et al. | Ioannis N Mavridis | 2013 | World Journal of Neurology2013，3，2： | 1 |
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