|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | Changes in plant biomass and species composition of alpine Kobresia meadows along altitudinal gradient on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau显示文摘Alpine Kobresia meadows are major vegetation types on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. There is growing concern over their relationships among biodiversity, productivity and environments. Despite the im-portance of species composition, species richness, the type of different growth forms, and plant bio-mass structure for Kobresia meadow ecosystems, few studies have been focused on the relationship between biomass and environmental gradient in the Kobresia meadow plant communities, particularly in relation to soil moisture and edaphic gradients. We measured the plant species composition, her-baceous litter, aboveground and belowground biomass in three Kobresia meadow plant communities in Haibei Alpine Meadow Ecosystem Research Station from 2001 to 2004. Community differences in plant species composition were reflected in biomass distribution. The total biomass showed a de-crease from 13196.96±719.69 g/m2 in the sedge-dominated K. tibetica swamp to 2869.58±147.52 g/m2 in the forb and sedge dominated K. pygmaea meadow, and to 2153.08±141.95 g/m2 in the forbs and grasses dominated K. humilis along with the increase of altitude. The vertical distribution of below-ground biomass is distinct in the three meadow communities, and the belowground biomass at the depth of 0-10 cm in K. tibetica swamp meadow was significantly higher than that in K. humilis and K. pygmaea meadows (P<0.01). The herbaceous litter in K. tibetica swamp was significantly higher than those in K. pygnaeca and K. humilis meadows. The effects of plant litter are enhanced when ground water and soil moisture levels are raised. The relative importance of litter and vegetation may vary with soil water availability. In the K. tibetica swamp, total biomass was negatively correlated to species richness (P<0.05); aboveground biomass was positively correlated to soil organic matter, soil moisture, and plant cover (P<0.05); belowground biomass was positively correlated with soil moisture (P<0.05). However, in the K. pygnaeca and K. humilis meadow communities, aboveground biomass was posi-tively correlated to soil organic matter and soil total nitrogen (P<0.05). This suggests that the distribu-tion of biomass coincided with soil moisture and edaphic gradient in alpine meadows. | WANG ChangTing1,3, CAO GuangMin1, WANG QiLan1, JING ZengChun1, DING LuMing1 & LONG RuiJun2 1 Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China 2 College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730070, China 3 Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China | 2008 | Science China(Life Sciences)2008，51，1： | 31 |
| 2 | Establishment of apparent quantum yield and maximum ecosystem assimilation on Tibetan Plateau alpine meadow ecosystem显示文摘The alpine meadow is widely distributed on the Tibetan Plateau with an area of about 1.2×106kn2. Damxung County, located in the hinterland of the Tibetan Plateau, is the place covered with this typical vegetation. An open-path eddy covariance system was set up in Damxung rangeland station to measure the carbon flux of alpine meadow from July to October,2003. The continuous carbon flux data were used to analyze the relationship between net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange (NEE) and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), as well as the seasonal patterns of apparent quantum yield (α) and maximum ecosystem assimilation (Pmax).Results showed that the daytime NEE fitted fairly well with the PAR in a rectangular hyperbola function, with α declining in the order of peak growth period (0.0244 μmolCO2 · μmol-1pAR) >early growth period > seed maturing period > withering period (0.0098 μmolCO2 · μmol-1pAR).The Pmax did not change greatly during the first three periods, with an average of 0.433mgCO2· m-2· s-1, i.e. 9.829 μmolCO2· m-2· s-1. However, during the withering period, Pmax was only 0.35 mgCO2 · m-2 · s-1, i.e. 7.945 μmolCO2 · m-2 · s-1. Compared with other grassland ecosystems, the α of the Tibetan Plateau alpine meadow ecosystem was much lower. | XU Lingling, ZHANG Xianzhou, SHI Peili & YU Guirui Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China Graduate School of the Chinese Acedemy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China | 2005 | Science China Earth Sciences2005，48，z1： | 23 |
| 3 | Soil organic carbon storage and soil CO_2 flux in the alpine meadow ecosystem显示文摘High-resolution sampling,measurements of organic carbon contents and 14C signatures of selected four soil profiles in the Haibei Station situated on the northeast Tibetan Plateau,and application of 14C tracing technology were conducted in an attempt to investigate the turnover times of soil organic car-bon and the soil-CO2 flux in the alpine meadow ecosystem. The results show that the organic carbon stored in the soils varies from 22.12×104 kg C hm-2 to 30.75×104 kg C hm-2 in the alpine meadow eco-systems,with an average of 26.86×104 kg C hm-2. Turnover times of organic carbon pools increase with depth from 45 a to 73 a in the surface soil horizon to hundreds of years or millennia or even longer at the deep soil horizons in the alpine meadow ecosystems. The soil-CO2 flux ranges from 103.24 g C m-2 a-1 to 254.93 gC m-2 a-1,with an average of 191.23 g C m-2 a-1. The CO2 efflux produced from microbial decomposition of organic matter varies from 73.3 g C m-2 a-1 to 181 g C m-2 a-1. More than 30% of total soil organic carbon resides in the active carbon pool and 72.8%―81.23% of total CO2 emitted from or-ganic matter decomposition results from the topsoil horizon (from 0 cm to 10 cm) for the Kobresia meadow. Responding to global warming,the storage,volume of flow and fate of the soil organic carbon in the alpine meadow ecosystem of the Tibetan Plateau will be changed,which needs further research. | TAO Zhen1,2,SHEN ChengDe2,GAO QuanZhou1,SUN YanMin2,YI WeiXi2 & LI YingNian3 1 School of Geography and Planning,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China 2 Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China 3 Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810001,China | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，7： | 12 |
| 4 | Soil organic carbon and nitrogen content of density fractions and effect of meadow degradation to soil carbon and nitrogen of fractions in alpine Kobresia meadow显示文摘This research was conducted on the non-disturbed native alpine Kobresia meadow(YF) and the severely degraded meadow(SDL) of Dari County of Qinghai Province.By a density fractionation approach,each soil sample was divided into two fractions:light fraction(LF) and heavy fraction(HF).The obtained fractions were analyzed for organic carbon(OC) and nitrogen(N) concentrations.The results showed:(1) the OC concentration in HF and LF was 3.84% and 28.63% respectively while the nitrogen concentration in HF and LF was 0.362% and 1.192% respectively in 0-10 cm depth.C:N ratio was 10.6 in HF and 23.8 in LF respectively.(2) As far as the ratio of OC in given fraction to that in gross sample was concerned,dominance of OC in HF was obvious in the whole soil profile.OC in HF increased from 78.95% to 90.33%,while OC in LF decreased from 21.05% to 9.68% with depths.(3) Soil total OC amounted to 47.47 in YF while 17.63 g.kg-1 in SDL,in which the OC content in HF decreased from 37.31 to 16.01 g.kg-1 while OC content in LF decreased from 10.01 to 1.62 g.kg-1.In other words,results of OC and N content show meadow degradation led to the loss of 57% OC in HF and 84% OC in LF from originally native ecosystem on alpine meadow.In addition,meadow degradation led to the loss of 43% N in HF and 79% N in LF from originally native ecosystem on alpine meadow.(4) The main reason for loss of C and N in LF during meadow degradation was not attributed to the decrease of OC and N concentration in LF and LF,but to the decrease in LF dry weight.Loss of N was far lower than loss of C in HF.This may suggest that there is difference in protection mode of C and N in HF. | WANG WenYing WANG QiJi LU ZiYu | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，5： | 10 |
| 5 | Grassland ecology in China: perspectives and challenges显示文摘During the last few decades, there have been an increasing number of studies on grassland ecology in China, involving the classic ecology concepts or theories and the applicable ecological principles of grassland conservation or management. This paper reviews the main progress in the following aspects.(1) Research on grassland species adaptation and resistance, population dynamics and foraging behavior, and biodiversity and community stability.(2) Research on managed grassland ecosystems(grassland grazing ecology) including grazing effects on grassland ecosystem function and foraging behavior by large herbivores.(3) Global climate change and grassland processes and functioning.(4) Applied research on grassland restoration and ecosystem health assessments such as vegetation restoration, restoration of ecosystem functioning, and assessment methods. There have been significant advances in grassland ecology,including the functions of ecosystem biodiversity, the ecological stoichiometry mechanisms affecting grassland community stability, grazing regulation of plant diversity and nutrient cycling. Grassland ecologists have succeeded in making these advances through observational, experimental and theoretical studies. Nevertheless, there are still significant challenges for the grassland ecology research,including understanding of grassland spatial processes,grassland grazing and multi-functionality, integrated effects of global climate change across grassland areas,as well as the ecological methodology and experimental techniques in grassland ecology. | Deli WANG Ling WANG Jushan LIU Hui ZHU Zhiwei ZHONG | 2018 | Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering2018，5，1： | 6 |
| 6 | Changes in plant species composition and diversity of alpine Kobresia (Kobresia pygmaea) steppe meadow at different stages of desertification in the North Tibetan plateau显示文摘The impacts of desertification on the vegetation composition, structure, and species diversity of alpine Kobresia steppe meadow were evaluated in an area of severe desertification in Anduo County, Tibet Autonomous Region, northern China. We investigated and analyzed the floristic features of communities at four different stages of desertification (slight desertification [SLD], moderate desertification [MD], severe desertification [SD], and very severe desertification [VSD]). The composition and structure of the alpine Kobresia steppe meadow at the SLD site differed significantly from that at the MD, SD, and VSD sites. Species that were more drought resistant and inedible by livestock were the dominant species at the SD site. No plants were found in the shifting dunes of the VSD site. Species diversity also decreased with increasing desertification. The SLD site had the largest mean number of species and individuals and the largest richness index; the MD grassland had the largest Shannon-Wiener index and evenness index, but the smallest Simpson's index. The vegetation cover declined from 91.8% to 34.8% as desertification increased from SLD to SD, and reached 0% in VSD areas with shifting dunes. | XingHu Wei 1*, Ping Yang 2, Sen Li 1, YuXiang Dong 3, ChunLai Zhang 41. Department of Resources and Environmental of Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China.2. Resources and Environmental Bureau , Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China. 3. Department of Geography of Zhongshan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China. 4. Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China. | 2009 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2009，1，1： | 3 |
| 7 | A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON TRE ZONE OF ALPINE SCRUB AND MEADOW OF QINGHAI-XIZANG (TIBETAN) PLATEAU显示文摘The zone of alpine scrub and meadow, characterized by highlandsubpolar humid/subhumid climate, is a transitional area from deep gorges to theplateau proper.The natural zone is unique in physical environments and naturalecosystems, and could not be found at the lowlands elsewhere on the earth.Thepredominant type of vegeation is alpine meadow, including Kobresia meadow,herbaceous meadow and swampy meadow. It is an important pasturelands ofanimal husbandry for Tibetan on the plateau. Main vegetion types, animal groups,characteristics of alpine meadow soils, the altitudinal belt and the horizontalzonality of the natural zone, as well as utilization and management of the grasslandsare discussed in the present paper. | Zheng Du(Institute of Geography, CAS, Beijing 100101People’s Republic of China) | 1996 | Journal of Geographical Sciences1996，6，3： | 3 |
| 8 | Rise of herbaceous diversity at the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau: First insight from fossils显示文摘The Hengduan Mountains region(HMR)on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau,supports a high diversity of herbs,particularly in its subalpine to alpine ecosystems,due to high altitude and cool temperate climate.Current understanding on the formation of such herbaceous richness is based chiefly on molecular phylogenies;however,direct geological evidence is lacking because herbs are rarely preserved as macroscopic fossils.In this study,we present abundant fossil fruits and seeds of herbs from the late Pliocene Heqing Basin in the southern HMR.Our systematic analysis shows the presence of at least 18 species belonging to 11 genera,that is,Ranunculus,Corydalis,Rumex,Polygonum,Chenopodium,Stellaria,Fragaria,Astragalus,Aster,Carex,and Schoenoplectus,of which Polygonum is most abundant fllowed by Astragalus.This finding throws the first light from fosil evidence on the rise of herbaceous diversity in the region.We interpret the local assembly of these herbs as resulting from rapid pre-Pliocene species diversifications of many herbaceous groups in the HMR.As nowadays most of these herbs grow primarily in meadows and a few occur as subaquatic plants,we suggest an open meadow hosting some scattered shrubs in the vicinity of a vegetated wetland in the Heqing Basin during the late Pliocene.This provides the first direct evidence of past treeless open vegetation within the HMR and thus improves our knowledge of vegetation evolution in the region.We suggest that the uplftinduced climate cooling and monsoon-associated precipitation seasonality are potentially the key driving forces for the opening of meadow vegetation in the HMR. | Yong Jiang Huang Hai Zhu Tao Su Robert A.Spicer Jin-Jin Hu Lin-Bo Jia Zhe-Kun Zhou | 2022 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2022，60，5： | 1 |
| 9 | 整合形象:英国馆显示文摘导言英国馆揭示了世界蜜蜂数量锐减的问题,并强调了授粉对食品生产的重要性。徜徉在果园中的游客会看到一大片野花,随即走进"蜂巢"。这个闪闪发光、嗡嗡作响的雕塑力图模拟的是一个真实的蜂巢。英国馆将养蜂生态阐释为一种沉浸式的多感官体验——一次美丽而含义深远的邂逅——让英式景观在游客的心中回味无穷。概念蜜蜂对所处的环境非常敏感,因此被视作生态小卫士:地球健康的晴雨表。 | 沃尔夫冈.巴特斯 尚晋 | 2015 | 世界建筑2015，，12： | 1 |
| 10 | ON THE DEMARCATION OF ALPINE AND SUBALPINE ZONES IN NORTH CHINA显示文摘There has been a long-term dispute on the demarcation of the highest vegetation zone in N. China. Some scientists regard the top zones of Mt. Taibai and Mt. Wutai as the alpine zone, but most insist that they are zones of subalpine shrub meadows or subalpine meadows. I suggest that the highest zone in N. China should be assigned to the alpine zone. | 崔海亭 | 1984 | Chinese Science Bulletin1984，29，6： | 1 |
| 11 | Influence of short-term experimental warming on heat-waterprocesses of the active layer in a swamp meadow ecosystemof the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau显示文摘Climate change is now evident in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP), with impacts on the alpine ecosystem, particularly on water and heat balance between the active layer and the atmosphere. Thus, we document the basic characteristics of changes in the water and heat dynamics in response to experimental warming in a typical alpine swamp meadow ecosystem. Data sets under open top chambers(OTC) and the control manipulations were collected over a complete year. The results show that annual(2008) air temperatures of OTC-1 and OTC-2 were 6.7 °C and 3.5 °C warmer than the control. Rising temperature promotes plant growth and development. The freeze-thaw and isothermal days of OTCs appeared more frequently than the control, owing to comparably higher water and better vegetation conditions. OTCs soil moisture decreased with the decrease of soil depth; however, there was an obviously middle dry aquifer of the control, which is familiar in QTP. Moreover, experimental warming led to an increase in topsoil water content due to poorly drained swamp meadow ecosystem with higher organic matter content and thicker root horizons. The results of this study will have some contributions to alpine cold ecosystem water-heat process and water cycle under climate change. | GuangSheng Liu GenXu Wang | 2016 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2016，8，2： | 1 |
| 12 | The difference in pollen harvest between Apis mellifera and Apis cerana in a Tibetan alpine meadow显示文摘To explore the difference in pollen harvest between the western honey bee Apis mellifera and a native eastern honey bee A.cerana in the Zoige alpine meadows in the northeastern part of the QinghaiTibetan Plateau,we investigated species diversity of the harvested pollen and the amount of harvested pollen per bee for both species,and calculated the niche overlap(in terms of similarity in harvested pollen)between the two bee species during the flowering season from June to August 2016.Results showed that the species diversity of the harvested pollen was indistinguishable between the two bee species.Nevertheless,A.mellifera carried more(although not significant)pollens per bee than A.cerana.Moreover,pollen composition differed between the two bee species:A.mellifera mainly foraged on Anemone rivularis,Saussurea nigrescens and Anemone trullifolia,while A.cerana foraged on Anemone rivularis,Stellera chamaejasme,and Pedicularis longiflora.Consistently,the niche overlap between the two honeybee species was particularly small in several observations.Our results indicate a niche separation in pollen resource between the two honeybee species in a Tibetan alpine meadow. | HU Lei WU Xin-wei | 2019 | Journal of Mountain Science2019，16，7： | 1 |
| 13 | The weak effects of fencing on ecosystem respiration,CH4,and N2O fluxes in a Tibetan alpine meadow during the growing season显示文摘Fencing is the most common land-management practice to protect grassland degradation from livestock overgrazing on the Tibetan Plateau. However, it is unclear whether fencing reduces CO_2, CH_4, and N_2O emission. Here, we selected four vegetation types of alpine meadow(graminoid, shrub, forb, and sparse vegetation) to determine fencing effects on ecosystem respiration(Re), CH_4, and N_2O fluxes during the growing season. Despite increased average monthly ecosystem respiration(Re) for fenced graminoid vegetation at the end of the growing season, there was no significant difference between grazing and fencing across all vegetation types. Fencing significantly reduced average CH_4 uptake by about 50% in 2008 only for forb vegetation and increased average N_2O release for graminoid vegetation by 38% and 48% in 2008 and 2009,respectively. Temperature, moisture, total organic carbon, C/N, nitrate, ammonia, and/or bulk density of soil, as well as above-and belowground biomass, explained 19%~71% and 6%~33% of variation in daily and average Re and CH_4 fluxes across all vegetation types, while soil-bulk density explained 27% of variation in average N_2O fluxes. Stepwise regression showed that soil temperature and soil moisture controlled average Re, while soil moisture and bulk density controlled average CH_4 fluxes. These results indicate that abiotic factors control Re, CH_4, and N_2O fluxes; and grazing exclusion has little effect on reducing their emission—implying that climatic change rather than grazing may have a more important influence on the budgets of Re and CH_4 for the Tibetan alpine meadow during the growing season. | YiGang Hu ZhenHua Zhang ShiPing Wang ZhiShan Zhang Yang Zhao ZengRu Wang | 2017 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2017，9，6： | 1 |
| 14 | 拼搏之美显示文摘青年的朝气倘已消失,前进不已的好奇心已衰退以后,人生就没有意义。——穆勒(英国著名哲学家、心理学家和经济学家)在1967年9月一个暖和的下午,这场四英里(约6.44公里)越野跑终于接近尾声。在那片绿油油的大草地上,还有100码(91.44米)不太陡的上坡路就能到达终点线,教练们和一小群观众已经等在那里。我的队里有七个人,我跑倒数第一,第六名也在我前面50码(45.72米)冲线了。我的其他五名队友一直在为我们呐喊助威。 | Frederick K.Foote 思苇 | 2014 | 疯狂英语(初中天地)2014，0，12： | 0 |
| 15 | ON THE LAYER-ZONE OF ALPINE MEADOW ON THEQINGHAI-TIBETAN PLATEAU显示文摘In this paper, the relationship of spatial variation betwere horizontal zoneand altitudinal beits of alpine meadow on the Qinghai (Tibetan) Plateau was studiedbased on its lower and upper limit distributions. The intersectin curve bforeen thetrend-suffoces of upper and lower lindt distributions of alpine meadow shows theboundary where alhtudinally distributed alpine meadow Starts disappearing towardsthe notheest of the plateau. Ihside the interswi curve between the trend-surfaceof lower limit distnbution of alpine meadow and that of the plateau’s base suffoceindicates the ropon where alpine meadow horizontally occurs. | Wang Xiuhong(Inistitute of Geography, CAS, Bejing 100101 People’s Republic of China) | 1996 | Journal of Geographical Sciences1996，6，4： | 0 |
| 16 | 中英基础教育差异的思考显示文摘'他山之石,可以攻玉。'随着改革开放的进一步深入,作为中国一名普通教育工作者,笔者也沐浴着教育改革的春风,见到了山外的世界。在与英国威尔士多所友好学校的交流中看到了不一样的精彩,特别是2015年1月,笔者随学校部分师生深度访问威尔士meadow lane小学,真切地看到英国教育之别样精彩,强烈感到'学人所长,补己之短'的紧迫性,迸发出'采他乡红叶,染满园芬芳'的期待。 | 晏庆 | 2015 | 教育2015，0，30： | 0 |
| 17 | 母鹿显示文摘清晨,树林里静悄悄的。徐徐上升的朝阳照亮了大地、森林和草原。群山映出美丽的光彩,溪流也泛起闪闪涟漪。万物一片静谧。忽然来了一个人,他匆匆地淌过小溪,来到一片草地上。他停了下来四处看了看,好像在寻找什么。此人面容刚毅,大耳朵,剑眉虎眼。 | 周先民 | 2012 | 语数外学习(初中版)(上旬)2012，0，5： | 0 |
| 18 | 绿·生活显示文摘项目地址奥地利维也纳项目面积500m^2这栋住宅位于维也纳的郊区,占地面积达到500平方米,这里原本是一片绿意浓浓的草地,有几棵树木点缀其中。屋主本来住在市中心的公寓里,住到这里之后,他们憧憬着这样一种画面:孩子们在草地上玩耍,父母和朋友们围坐在孩子们中间,享受着绿地和树木构成的大自然。 | Martin Haller Günter Katherl Ulrich Aspetsberger Hertha Hurnaus 肖俊 | 2011 | 现代装饰(家居)2011，0，11： | 0 |
| 19 | GEOCHEMISTRY OF SOIL IN MT.QOMOLANGMA REGION——SOME GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MERCURY IN SOIL显示文摘In Mt. Qomolangma region there is a complete soil zone spectrum from mountain subtropical to alpine frigid landscapes with no or little effect of human activities. Studies on soil geochemistry of mercury and its environmental background value are of great significance. | 章申 饶莉丽 于维新 | 1986 | Chinese Science Bulletin1986，31，9： | 0 |
| 20 | Effects of Main Climatic Factors on Plant Community Characteristics of a Meadow Steppe Under Different Grazing Intensities显示文摘This experiment studies the influence of main climatic factors on the structure of grassland plant community under different grazing intensities, determines the influence of climatic factors on the quantitative characteristics of meadow steppe community structure changes, and explores the response and adaptation of meadow steppe biodiversity and ecosystem functions to climate changes, so as to provide a reference and basis for rational utilization and management of natural grassland and prediction of development trend of meadow steppe under global climate changes. The results showed that the correlations between grassland community characteristic index and different climatic factors were significantly different under different grazing intensities. The average temperature and annual precipitation in the critical period were the main climatic factors affecting the changes in meadow steppe community characteristics, and the sensitivity of community indexes to the changes in average temperature of the critical period was greater than that to the changes in annual precipitation. The aboveground biomass of zero grazing and moderate grading was positively correlated with the average temperature and annual precipitation during the critical period, and the correlations between aboveground biomass and environmental factors were no significant under heavy grazing. | ZHAO Jianguo LIU Cunqi LI Hongbo LUO Ning MENG Shujin ZHANG Zhihui WANG Jianghua | 2019 | Journal of Landscape Research2019，11，2： | 0 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员