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| 1 | ZnO varistors with high voltage gradient and low leakage current by doping rare-earth oxide显示文摘The surge arrester of 1000 kV gas-insulated substation (GIS) needs ZnO varistor with high voltage gradient to effectively improve the potential distribution along ZnO varistor column inside the metal-oxide surge arresters. In this paper, the elec-trical and structural parameters of ZnO varistors are changed by doping with some rare-earth oxides, and the mechanism which leads these changes is discussed. When rare-earth oxide additives are added into ZnO varistors, the growing speed is slowed down due to the stabilization of the new spinel phases formed in the grain-boundary by rare-earth oxide additives, then the size of ZnO grains is smaller, and the voltage gradient of varistor increases obviously. By adding suitable amount of oxides of metal Co and Mn, the leakage current can be effectively decreased and the nonlinearity coefficient increased. The novel ZnO varistor samples sintered with the optimal additives have a voltage gradient of 492 V/mm, and the nonlinearity coefficient of 76, but their leakage currents are only 1 μA. | HE JinLiang HU Jun LIN YuanHua | 2008 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2008，51，6： | 21 |
| 2 | Study on non-metallic inclusions in Al killed high strength alloy steel refined by high basicity and high Al_2O_3 content slag显示文摘Laboratory and industrial studies were carried out to investigate non-metallic inclusions in high strength alloy steel refined by high basicity and high Al2O3 slag.It was found that the steel/slag reaction time largely affected non-metallic inclusions.With the reaction time increased from 30 min to 90 min in laboratory study,MgO-Al2O3 spinels were gradually changed into CaO-MgO-Al2O3 system inclusions surrounded by softer CaO-Al2O3 surface layers.By using high basicity slag which contained as much as 41%Al2O3 in the laboratory study,ratio of low melting temperature CaO-MgO-Al2O3 system inclusions was remarkably increased to above 80%.In the industrial experiment,during the secondary refining,the inclusions changed in order of 'Al2O3→MgO-Al2O3→CaO-MgO-Al2O3'.Through the LF and RH refining,most inclusions could be transferred to lower melting temperature CaO-Al2O3 and CaO-MgO-Al2O3 system inclusions. | WANG Xinhua,JIANG Min and WANG Wanjun School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China | 2010 | Baosteel Technical Research2010，4，S1： | 10 |
| 3 | 碱促进的钴酸镁催化剂上的氧化亚氮分解(英文)显示文摘The direct decomposition of N2O was investigated over a series of magnesium cobaltite catalysts,MgxCo1-xCo2O4(0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) ,which were prepared by the thermal decomposition of stoichiometric amounts of magnesium hydroxide and cobalt acetate. The thermal genesis of the different catalysts from their precursors was explored using thermogravimetric analysis,differential thermal analysis,and X-ray diffraction. Texture analysis was carried out using N2 adsorption at -196 °C. We found that all the catalysts that were calcined at 500 °C have a spinel structure. N2O decomposition activity was found to increase with an increase in the spinel structure's magnesium content. The influence of alkali cation promoters(Li,Na,K,and Cs) on the activity of the most active catalyst in the MgxCo1-xCo2O4 series,i.e. MgCo2O4,was also investigated. The sequence of the promotional effect was found to be: un-promoted < Li < Na < Cs < K-promoted catalyst. The reason for the increase in activity for the added alkali cations was electronic in nature. Additionally,the dependence of the activity on the K/Co ratio was also determined. The highest activity was obtained for the catalyst with a K/Co ratio of 0.05. A continuous decrease in activity was obtained for higher K/Co ratios. This decrease in activity was attributed to the elimination of mesoporosity in the catalysts with K/Co ratios > 0.05,based on N2 adsorption and scanning electron microscopy results. | Bahaa M. ABU-ZIED | 2011 | 催化学报2011，32，2： | 9 |
| 4 | An introduction to computational crystallography:the relationship between aluminum-based spinel structures and their morphologies显示文摘The computational crystallography is proposed. Its basic concept and research method are systematically introduced, with aluminum-based spinel (ABS) as an example, through (ⅰ) se-lecting basic crystal structural unit, (ⅱ) determining the mathematical expression of crystal struc-ture, (ⅲ) computing the stability energy of growth unit and finding out which is (are) favorable one(s), and (ⅳ) describing the formation process of crystal morphology. The morphology of ABS deduced from the computation is in excellent agreement with that from hydrothermal experiments. | 施尔畏 元如林 陈之战 郑燕青 童怀水 李汶军 仲维卓 | 2003 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2003，46，3： | 8 |
| 5 | Ni-Cr-W合金在1100℃的氧化膜演变(英文)显示文摘对新型Ni-Cr-W合金在1100℃下不同保温时间下的恒温氧化行为进行了研究。采用扫描电镜(SEM)以及能谱(EDS)对合金热暴露后的表面氧化膜形貌、元素含量以及合金基体的恶化情况进行了分析,表面氧化膜的相组成通过XRD进行确定。结果表明:在氧化初期(<3h),合金表面生成的单层氧化膜主要由Cr2O3组成,随着氧化时间的延长(>7h),在Cr2O3外逐渐形成了一层具有尖晶石结构的NiCr2O4。一旦外表面被均匀致密的尖晶石膜所覆盖,双层氧化膜NiCr2O4·Cr2O3便能有效的减慢合金基体被进一步氧化。合金亚表层的恶化形式包括晶界的内氧化、空洞以及无碳化物区的形成。合金中高的W含量并没有明显恶化合金的抗氧化性能。 | 黄晓晓 李金山 胡锐 柏广海 傅恒志 | 2010 | 稀有金属材料与工程2010，39，11： | 7 |
| 6 | 氧空位提升锂离子电池富锂锰基正极分级多孔微米球的高倍率性能(英文)显示文摘富锂锰基正极材料存在首次库仑效率低、倍率性能差以及电压衰减严重等问题,极大地限制了其规模化应用.本文通过在富锂锰基分级多孔微米球的表面构筑氧空位(L@S)成功抑制了首次放电过程中不可逆Li_2O的形成,有效促进了Li^+离子的扩散动力学,从而提高了电极材料的结构稳定性.研究结果表明,L@S正极在0.1 C电流密度下循环的首次库仑效率高达92.3%,放电比容量为292.6 mA h g^-1;在10 C大电流密度下循环100圈后可逆比容量为222 mAhg^-1,容量保持率为95.7%.进一步增大电流密度至20 C时,循环100圈后L@S正极的放电比容量仍高达153 mAh g^-1此外,匹配Li4Ti5012负极组装的全电池在3 C电流密度下循环400圈后的可逆比容量为141 mAh g^-1,电压保持率高达97%. | 蔡余新 库伦 王来森 麻亚挺 郑鸿飞 徐万杰 韩江涛 瞿佰华 陈远志 谢清水 彭栋梁 | 2019 | Science China Materials2019，62，10： | 7 |
| 7 | Preparation and Sinterability of Mn-Zn Ferrite Powders by Sol-Gel Method显示文摘Mn-Zn spinel ferrites were synthesized by sol-gel method. Effects of calcined temperature on structure and particle size of MnZnFe2O4 were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XRD patterns indicate that the ultra fine Mn-Zn ferrite exhibits a spinel crystal structure. SEM images show that the powder fired at 900 ℃ for 2 h has an average diameter of 60~90 nm. The particle size becomes larger with the increasing of calcined temperature and the distribution of particle becomes even more homogeneous. Sintering behaviors of synthesized ferrite powders depend on the powder characteristics and high temperatures have induced the good crystallization of particles. | 董丽敏 韩志东 张耀明 吴泽 张显友 | 2006 | Journal of Rare Earths2006，24，z2： | 6 |
| 8 | Feasibility of aluminum recovery and MgAl_2O_4 spinel synthesis from secondary aluminum dross显示文摘The feasibility of aluminum recovery from secondary aluminum dross by extraction with NaOH solution and the subsequent synthesis of MgAl_2O_4 spinel by sintering the extracted slag were studied. The extraction percentage of soluble aluminum from the dross reached 80% at a temperature of 353 K, liquid-to-solid ratio of 12 mL·g^(-1), stirring speed of 300 r·min^(-1), and an extraction time of 15 min; the hydrolysis percentage of AlN reached 40% with an extraction time of 30 min. The activation energies of the soluble aluminum and AlN extracted from the dross were 7.15 and 8.98 kJ·mol^(-1), respectively, indicating that their kinetics were controlled by outer diffusion without a product layer. The extracted slag was sintered in the temperature range 1373–1773 K; MgAl_2O_4 spinel with a compressive strength as high as 69.4 MPa was produced in the sample sintered at 1673 K for 3 h. This value exceeds the threshold(40 MPa) prescribed by the National Standard for the Magnesia and Magnesia-alumina Refractory Bricks of China(GB/T 2275-2007). These results establish the effectiveness of aluminum recovery from secondary aluminum dross and subsequent MgAl_2O_4 spinel synthesis. | Yong Zhang Zhao-hui Guo Zi-yu Han Xi-yuan Xiao Chi Peng | 2019 | International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials2019，26，3： | 5 |
| 9 | A petrogenetic study of the garnet pyroxenite enclaves in spinel peridotite, North Dabieshan, China显示文摘Recently, garnet pyroxenite enclaves within peridotites occurring near Raobazhai, Huoshan County, have been discovered. The garnet pyroxenite is small pods, decimeters in size, enclosed within intensively serpentinized peridotites. Major mineral components comprise: garnet (Prpas-as), sodium augite (Jd 10-25) with a small amount of ilmenite. There are two stages of retro-metamorphism: the retrogressive granulite facies mineral assemblage is superimposed by that of amphibolite facies. The host rocks of the garnet pyroxenite are spinel peridotites, including spinel harzburgite and Iherzolite. Due to intensive serpentinitization, only 5%-40% of the relic olivine (Fo92-93) are preserved. The orthopyroxenes are Mg-rich (En87-93) with bending of cleavages and granulation at their margins showing intracrystalline plasticity. On the basis of garnet-clinopyroxene Fe-Mg exchange equilibrium geothermometry proposed by Ellis & Green (1979) and Krogh (1988) KD= 4.06 - 5.28; T= 793-919℃, P= 1.5 GPa are estimated | 游振东 钟增球 索书田 郑曙 | 2000 | Science China Earth Sciences2000，43，S1： | 5 |
| 10 | Combustion synthesis and magnetic investigation of nanosized CoFe_2O_4显示文摘Nanosized Co spinel ferrite was prepared by a combustion method. The grain size of resultant ferrite can becontrolled by the reaction conditions. Magnetic investigation revealed that the products with an average grain size of 4 nm behave as superparamagnetic materials and have zero coercive force; whereas the samples with an average grain size of 85 nm (near the size of critical single domain) have the maximal coercive force. There were the negative magnetic intergrain interactions which became stronger when the grain size neared that of the single domain. | XU Zhigang, CHENG Fuxiang, ZHOU Biao, LIAO Chunsheng & YAN ChunhuaState Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory on Rare Earth Materials and Bioin-organic Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，5： | 4 |
| 11 | Slag-Resistance of MgAlON Spinel显示文摘The slag-resistance and microstructural changes after the slag tests of MgAlON spinel containing different amount of nitrogenwere studied by means of crucible slag-resistant experiment, SEM and EDS in the work. The results show that the slag-resistance ofMgAlON is dependent on the nitrogen content, and the optimum amount is 2.88%. The strUcture is not changed although the grains havebeen permeated by some silicon, calcium and iron. A glass phase which contained nitrogen formed in the metaInorphic layeL The glasscan driprove the ability of the slag-resistance of MgAlON because of its higher viscosity. | Chengji Deng Yanruo Hong Xiangchong Zhong Jialin Sun(State Laboratory on Solid Electrolytes and Metallurgical Testing Techniques, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Bejing100083, China) | 2000 | International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials2000，14，2： | 4 |
| 12 | 5V正极材料LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4的草酸共沉淀法合成及性能(英文)显示文摘通过草酸共沉淀法成功合成了5V正极材料LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4,采用XRD、SEM、充放电试验和循环伏安法对合成产物进行表征。XRD和SEM分析结果表明,所合成的正极材料LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4具有立方尖晶石结构(空间群为Fdˉ3m),结晶度高,粒度适中且比较均匀。电化学测试结果表明,合成产物具有优良的电化学性能,它仅在4.7V附近有一个放电平台,0.1C的放电容量高达133mAh/g,50次循环后放电容量仍保持在128mAh/g以上,1和3C的放电容量在30次循环后也分别保持在122和101mAh/g以上。 | 赵巧丽 叶乃清 李龙 闫芳 | 2010 | 稀有金属材料与工程2010，39，10： | 4 |
| 13 | Co^(2+) substituted Mg–Cu–Zn ferrite: Evaluation of structural,magnetic,and electromagnetic properties显示文摘We report the synthesis of Co^(2+)substituted Mg–Cu–Zn ferrite via citrate gel combustion process and thereby its structural,transport,and magnetic properties for the use in electromagnetic energy absorption application.The polycrystalline ferrite system is investigated by interplay of stoichiometric composition with Mg_(0.25–x)Co_x Cu_(0.25)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4(0≤x≤0.25).Structural investigations using X-ray diffraction(XRD)and selected area electron diffraction(SAED)reveal the formation of spinel structure with linear growth of lattice constant due to Co^(2+)substitution.The microstructural analysis(TEM and SEM)depicts the dense microstructure with the average grain size of 0.42–1.25μm.The elemental analysis(EDS)confirms the elemental composition of the as-prepared ferrite with respect to the initial concentrations of the synthetic composition used.The observed variations in initial permeability(μ_i)and magnetic moment(_Bn)are explained based on deviation in saturation magnetization(M_s),anisotropy constant(_1K),density values,and exchange interaction.The temperature dependence of DC resistivity confirms the semiconducting behavior of the as-prepared ferrite material,with an increase in the DC resistivity by an incorporation of cobalt.Furthermore,the effects of adding Co^(2+)on the Curie temperature,frequency dependent dielectric properties of the ferrite material are also discussed. | L.M.THORAT J.Y.PATIL D.Y.NADARGI U.R.GHODAKE R.C.KAMBALE S.S.SURYAVANSHI | 2018 | Journal of Advanced Ceramics2018，7，3： | 4 |
| 14 | A novel magnetic silica supported spinel ferrites NiFe2O4 catalyst for heterogeneous Fenton-like oxidation of rhodamine B显示文摘A series of spinel fe rrites magnetic nanopa rticles NiFe2 O4 we re synthesized as the heterogeneous Fentonlike catalyst by hydrothermal method and then NiFe2 O4@SiO2 catalysts were obtained by the modification of NiFe2 O4 via micro emulsion method.XRD,VSM,FTIR,SEM,TEM,BET and XPS were carried to analyze the difference between the above two catalysts.NiFe2 O4@SiO2 catalyst exhibited the higher catalytic activity than NiFe2 O4 for the degradation of Rhodamine B owe to the outer Si02 layers surface,the more important is both of them showed the better catalytic performance when at neutral pH environment. | Jifeng Qu Tinghua Che Libin Shi Qinghua Lu Suitao Qi | 2019 | Chinese Chemical Letters2019，30，6： | 3 |
| 15 | Preparation and Characterization of High Infrared Emissivity Mn-doped NCO Spinel Composites显示文摘NiCr_2O_4(NCO)spinel composites with different Mn/Ni atomic ratios(Mn/Ni=0.05,0.10,0.15,and 0.20)were synthesized via solid state reaction method.Phase compositions and microstructure of samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The TG-DSC curves showed that the appropriate baking temperature for Mn-doped NCO spinel preparation was approximately 1 320℃.X-ray diffraction patterns exhibited the formation of NCO spinel with Fd-3m space group.Valence state of the Mn ions was determined from 2p and 3s X-ray photoelectron spectra.Manganese ions were mostly in divalent and trivalent states,and the ratio of Mn^(2+)/Mn^(3+)was 0.78-0.98.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)was used to analyze the spectral emissivity of Mn doped NCO spinel.It was revealed that the infrared emissivity of Mn-doped NCO spinel in 1.8-5μm could be significantly enhanced with increasing content of Mn^(2+),reaching as high as 0.9398.Mn-doped NCO spinel showed excellent radiation performance and good prospect in high emissivity applications in the temperature range of 800-1 200℃. | 邹隽 DONG Shurong GAO Junhua WANG Hongfu 程旭东 | 2017 | Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)2017，32，6： | 3 |
| 16 | Effect of Microwave Heating on Infrared Radiation Properties of Cordierite-Ferrites Based Composite Ceramics显示文摘The cordierite-ferrites based infrared radiation composite materials were synthesized with Fe2O3, Mn O2, Cu O, Co2O3, and Mg2Al4Si5O18 powders as raw materials via microwave heating. The cordierite-ferrites based composite ceramics could be obtained via microwave heating at 1173 K for 1 h or 1473 K for 10 min, respectively. The lower synthesis temperature or the shorter heating time results in the smaller grain size of the composite ceramics obtained by microwave heating. The interplanar distance of cordierite becomes greater after microwave heating, indicating that the doping effect of transitional metal oxides on the cordierite is more efficient in microwave heating. The infrared radiation composite ceramics synthesized by microwave heating at 1473 K for 1 h exhibit the maximum emissivity of 0.9 in the band range of 6-8 μm at 1073 K. | LU Lei FAN Xi'an HU Xiaoming ZHANG Jianyi | 2015 | Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society2015，，1： | 3 |
| 17 | Electrochemical properties and interfacial reactions of LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_(4-δ) nanorods | Liping Wang, Hong Li, Xuejie Huang Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China | 2012 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2012，22，3： | 3 |
| 18 | 碳纳米管改性的多面体颗粒自组装中空球状LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4及其高倍率性能(英文)显示文摘本文通过调节烧结温度设计构筑了一种纳米多面体颗粒堆积的中空球状Li Ni0.5Mn1.5O4材料,并进一步通过碳纳米管(CNT)的改性来提高材料的循环性能和高倍率性能.纳米中空结构不仅减少了锂离子的扩散路径,也保证了电解液和正极材料的充分接触,三维网状CNT的改性提高了材料的电子导电率,从而明显改善了材料的循环和高倍率性能.最终得到的LNMO-850/CNT材料在5 C的电流密度下初始容量为127 m A h g-1,500次循环后容量保持在104 m A h g-1.而在20 C的高电流密度下容量仍达到121 m A h g-1,体现了材料优异的循环和高倍率性能. | 王洛洛 胡正耀 赵康宁 罗艳珠 魏湫龙 唐春娟 胡平 任文皓 麦立强 | 2016 | Science China Materials2016，59，2： | 3 |
| 19 | Effect of Fe2O3 on the size and components of spinel crystals in the CaO–SiO2–MgO–Al2O3–Cr2O3 system显示文摘The stability of chromium in stainless steel slag can be enhanced by increasing the spinel crystal size. The effect of Fe2O3 on the size of spinel crystals in the CaO–SiO2–MgO–Al2O3–Cr2O3 system was investigated using lab experiments carried out in a carbon tube fur-nace. Scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to ana-lyze the microstructure, components, and the mineral phases of synthetic slags. FactSage 7.1 was used to calculate the crystallization process of the molten slag. The results showed that the addition of Fe2O3 promoted the precipitation of spinel crystals and inhibited the formation of dicalcium silicate. The size of spinel crystals increased from 2.74 to 8.10μm and the contents of chromium and iron in the spinel varied as the Fe2O3 addition was increased from 0 to 20wt%. Fe2O3 thermodynamically provided the spinel-forming components to enhance the for-mation of FeCr2O4, MgFe2O4, and Fe3O4. The addition of Fe2O3 increased the fraction of liquid phase in a certain temperature range and promoted diffusion by decreasing the slag's viscosity. Therefore, Fe2O3 is beneficial to the growth of spinel crystals in stainless steel slag. | Qi-qiang Mou Jian-li Li Qiang Zeng Hang-yu Zhu | 2019 | International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials2019，26，9： | 3 |
| 20 | Growth behavior of spinel in stainless steel slag during cooling process显示文摘Spinel is an appropriate phase for sequestrating chromium in stainless steel slag to prevent chromium from polluting,and the crystal size of spinel has a significant effect on the stability of chromium and the extraction efficiency of spinel.The enrichment behavior of chromium in spinel during cooling process was investigated,and the growth process of spinel was studied based on the crystal size distribution theory.The results showed that the enrichment degree of chromium in spinel increased from 88.5% to nearly 100% during the cooling process from 1773 to 1573 K at a rate of 5 K/min.The mean diameter of spinel in stainless steel slag had an obvious growth in the cooling process,and a rapid growth of spinel occurred during the cooling process from 1623 to 1523 K.Leaching results indicated that the leaching amount of chro- mium could reduce to less than 0.01 mg/L by controlling the cooling condition.The growth mechanism of spinel was investigated and proposed to consist of two stages:in the first stage,the spinel was in the surface-controlled growth with a decaying nucleation rate from 1773 to 1573 K,and in the second stage,the growth mechanism was transformed to supply- controlled Ostwald ripening-below 1573 K. | Long-hu Cao Cheng-jun Liu Qing Zhao Mao-fa Jiang | 2018 | Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International)2018，25，11： | 2 |
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