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| 1 | THE INFLUENCE OF CAVITY DAMAGE ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SUPERPLASTICALLY-DEFORMED MATERIALS AND ITS PREDICTION显示文摘Aluminium alloy LY12CZ sheet without any pre-treatment has been used to study the influence of cavity damage on the mechanical properties of the superplastically-deformed materials room temper- ature. The experimental results show that: (1) the lower the rate of cavitation as the superplastic strain increases, the higher the superplasticity is; (2) the mechanical properties of superplastically- deformed materials at room temperature decrease as the superplastically-deformed strain increases, especially, a noteworthy decrease in elasticity modulus, yield strenth and ultimate strength at room temperature begins to appear as the level of cavitation by area comes up to about 4%, while at the same level the reduction in area drops down a very large quantity. Then, a three-layer back- propagation neural network has been developed to predict the machanichl properties of the superplasti- cally-deformed material.The results acquired from the neural network are very | M. B. Liu, Z. C. Zhao,H. Gao,M. Q. Li and S. C. Wu College of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China | 2000 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2000，13，2： | 18 |
| 2 | MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION AND MECHANISMS OF SUPERPLASTICITY IN LARGE GRAINED IRON ALUMINIDES显示文摘The superplastic behavior has been found in Fe 3Al and FeAl alloys with grain sizes of 100~600 μm. The large grained Fe 3Al and FeAl alloys exhibit all deformation characteristics of conventional fine grain size superplastic alloys. However, superplastic behavior was found in large grained iron aluminides without the usual prerequisites for the superplasticity of a fine grain size and grain boundary sliding. The metallographic examinations have shown that average grain size of large grained iron aluminides decreased during superplastic deformation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations have shown that there were a great number of subgrain boundaries which formed a network and among which the proportion of low and high angle boundaries increased with the increase of strain. The observed superplastic phenomenon is explained by continuous recovery and recrystallization. During superplastic deformation, an unstable subgrain network forms and these subboundaries absorb gliding dislocations and transform into low and high angle grain boundaries. A dislocation gliding and climb process accommodated by subboundary sliding, migration and rotation, allows the superplastic flow to proceed. | Dongliang Lin (T.L.Lin) and Yi Liu Open Laboratory of Education Ministry of China for High Temperature Materials Tests, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China | 1999 | 中国有色金属学会会刊:英文版1999，9，S1： | 7 |
| 3 | APPLICATION OF GLEEBLE 1500 ON SUPERPLASTICITY显示文摘Gleeble1500 thermo-mechanical simulation machine is considered to be the first grade equipment in materials’ research. However, it is seldom used in superplastic research. Perhaps this is because its specimen’s heating method is not suitable to get large elongation. Elongation is an important parameter to evaluate superplasticity, but some other parameters such as the relationship between stress and strain rate are more important than elongation-it is an essential property to superplasticity. The stress-strain rate relationship can be very easily and very accu- rately got with Gleeble machine than with some other simlar equipment, and the relationship between microstructure and superplastic deformation is more easily examined with Gleeble. Present authors have got some new achievement in anisotropy, heterogeneity of superplastic deformation, and first put forward the regulation of dynamic equilibrium in microstructural evolution during superplastic deformation. All of these have been concluded from the experimental results mainly through Gleeble as well as the microstructural examination.The research work has got the support of National Natural Science Foundation and some international cooperation. Some theoretic and experimental results have been used in the practice of superplastic forming. Obvious effect of reducing cost and improving quality of formed parts has been achieved. | B. Z. Bai X.J.Sun and L.Y.Yang 1) Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China 2) Beijing Research Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Technology, Beijing 100083, China | 2000 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2000，13，2： | 6 |
| 4 | THE SUPERPLASTICITY AND DEFORMATION MECHANISM OF ULTRALIGHT BINARY Mg-8wt%Li ALLOY显示文摘The maximum elongation-to-failure of 960% has been achieved in the Mg-8wt%Li alloy. It is shown by measurement of true stress-strain curve and microstructure observation that dynamic recrystallization takes place during superplastic deformation, which turns the banded grains into equiaxed grains. It is postulated by theoretical analysis that during superplastic deformation,continuous introduction of lattice dislocations into the phase interfaces contributes to the superplasticity in this alloy.During superplastic deformation,grain growth and cavity nucleation at α phase grain boundaries have also been observed. | F.R. Cao and J.Z. Cui(Department of Metalforming,P.O.B 317, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110006, China) | 1997 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)1997，10，6： | 6 |
| 5 | Microforming of superplastic 5083 aluminum alloy显示文摘The mechanical behavior of superplastic 5083 aluminum alloy during microforming process was investigated by finite element analysis.A micro V-groove die was modeled to analyze the effects of forming time,load and temperature on the microformability of the 5083 aluminum alloy.First,the microformability of the 5083 aluminum alloy was estimated using a microformability index.The simulation results show that the microformability increases with the forming load,time and temperature increasing.Superplasticity of the 5083 aluminum alloy during microforming using the V-groove die was also investigated in terms of the effective strain rate.The results show that the superplasticity of the 5083 aluminum alloy occurs in a specific part of the material for a specific period during the microforming process depending on the forming conditions and the microformability index. | Md.Abu Mowazzem HOSSAIN Sung-Tae HONG Kyu-Yeol PARK Young-Sang NA | 2012 | 中国有色金属学会会刊:英文版2012，22，S3： | 5 |
| 6 | HIGH STRAIN RATE SUPERPLASTICITY IN A SiC_w/2024Al COMPOSITE MADE BY SQUEEZE CASTING显示文摘In this paper,the superplastic characteristics of the beta-SiC whisker reinforced 2024aluminum composite, fabricated by squeeze casting and hot-rolling after extrusion were investigated. The compsite had a fine grain size of about 2μm, and exhibited a strain rate sensitivity of about 0.35 and a maximum elongation of 350% at an initial strain rate of 1.1×10-1s-1 at 803K. In addition, the superplastic deformation mechanisme of the composite were also examined. | X.J.Xu D. Zhang Z.L. Shi C.Z.Zhao and R.J. Wu (State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrir Composites, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China) | 1998 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)1998，11，4： | 4 |
| 7 | SUPERPLASTICITY AND SOLID STATE BONDING OF TITANIUM ALLOYS显示文摘Experimental results related to solid state weldability of superplastic titanium alloys are presented. A correlation between superplastic flow and enhanced solid state weldability was established. It has been experimentally shown that a drop in the lower superplastic flow temperature with decreasing mean grain size provides an opportunity to decrease the temperature at whicmethods for titanium alloys. | R. Ya. Lutfullin, O.A. Kaibyshev, R.V. Safiullin, O.R. Valiakhmetov and M.H. Mukhametrahimov Institute for Metals Superplasticity Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa 450001, Russia | 2000 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2000，13，2： | 4 |
| 8 | High strain rate superplasticity of SiC whisker reinforced pure aluminum composites显示文摘A β SiC whisker reinforced pure aluminum composites expected to exhibit high strain rate superplasticity has been successfully fabricated by a new processing route consisting of pressure infiltration, extrusion with a low extrusion ratio and rolling. The composites exhibite a total elongation of 220%~380% in the initial strain rates within 1.0×10 -2 ~1.0×10 -1 s -1 and at 893~903 K. According to differential thermal analysis(DTA) and microstructure observation, it is concluded that an appropriately small amount of liquid phase is necessary to cause a good high strain rate superplasticity in aluminum matrix composites in addition to fine and uniform microstructure. | Xu Xiaojing(许晓静) Zhao Changzheng(赵昌正) Zhang Di(张 荻) Shi Zhongliang(施忠良) Wu Renjie(吴人洁) | 1999 | 中国有色金属学会会刊:英文版1999，9，3： | 4 |
| 9 | Quantum effect of the superplasticity in Zn-5Al alloy | 李世春 | 1999 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International1999，9，9： | 4 |
| 10 | Experimental measurement and elaborate analysis of strain hardening exponent in tensile deformation显示文摘This paper gives a set of formulae for measuring strain hardeningexponent n in different typical deforming routes by using experimental parameters p (forming load), v (velocity of cross-head) and l (gauge length of specimen). With them the uniform method for measuring n (strain hardening exponent at constant strain rate), nv (strain hardening exponent under constant velocity) and np (strain hardening exponent under constant load) is established when , v or p is constant distinctively. Furthermore, the deviation among n values via different typical deformation route is analyzed. The results indicate that there exists structural sensitivity under superplastic and plastic deformation. In addition, the experimental results also prove that the values of n, nv and np obtained with different sets of constant , v or p curves are different too, even if the formulae are the same. Thus a more profound understanding of the relation between the experimental results and the mathematic expressions of n, nv and np is reached and the parameter n is more subtly analyzed by experiment. | 宋玉泉 程永春 王习文 | 2001 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2001，44，4： | 3 |
| 11 | Fabrication of Al-Coated Mg-Li Alloy Sheet and Investigation of Its Properties显示文摘An Al-coated Mg-8 mass% Li alloy rectangular bar was fabricated by hot extrusion, and then, it was hot-rolled into a thin sheet. The Al coating was uniform in thickness and had good bonding with the substrate during all the processing. This Alcoated Mg–Li alloy exhibited a good corrosion resistance in a 0.5 mass% HCl aqueous solution. No intermetallic compound was observed at the Al/Mg–Li interface after the extrusion and the rolling. The Al-coated Mg–Li alloy sheet exhibited an elongation to fracture of 35% at room temperature at a strain rate of 0.001 s(-1)without any debonding between the coating and the substrate. When tensile tested at 573 K at 0.001 s(-1)in the air, the Al coating remained undamaged even until an elongation of about 150%. Further elongation generated cracks on the coating and the specimen fractured at an elongation of about 200%. In an Ar atmosphere, the specimen exhibited a fracture elongation of over 400% under the same conditions at 573 K at 0.001 s(-1), although a large number of cracks generated on the Al coating. | Tian-Long Zhang Toko Tokunaga Munekazu Ohno Mi-Lin Zhang Kiyotaka Matsuura | 2019 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2019，32，2： | 3 |
| 12 | Superplasticity of Ti2448 Alloy with Nanostructured Grains显示文摘Ti-24Nb-4Zr-8Sn, abbreviated as Ti2448 from its chemical composition in weight percent, is a multifunctional β type titanium alloy with body centered cubic (bcc) crystal structure, and its highly localized plastic deformation behavior contributes significantly to grain refinement during conventional cold processing. In the paper, the nanostructured (NS) alloy with grain size less than 50 nm produced by cold rolling has been used to investigate its superplastic deformation behavior by uniaxial tensile tests at initial strain rates of 1.5×10-2, 1.5×10-3 and 1.6×10-4 s-1 and temperatures of 600, 650 and 700℃. The results show that, in comparison with the coarse-grained alloy with size of 50 μm, the NS alloy has better superplasticity with elongation up to ~275% and ultimate strength of 50–100 MPa. Strain rate sensitivity (m) of the NS alloy is 0.21, 0.30 and 0.29 for 600, 650 and 700℃, respectively. These results demonstrate that grain refinement is a valid way to enhance the superplasticity of Ti2448 alloy. | M.J. Xiao Y.X. Tian G. W. Mao S.J. Li Y.L. Hao R. Yang | 2011 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2011，27，12： | 2 |
| 13 | Superplastic deformation behavior of Mg alloys: A-review显示文摘The magnesium alloys are the next-generation lightweight metal materials;however, the production of the complex shape components of thermo-mechanical processed magnesium alloys is very limited in comparison to their die-casted counterparts. Both high strain rate and low-temperature processing are required to save time and cost for the project. Uniaxial tensile testing has been vastly used for determining the plasticity of magnesium alloys at elevated temperatures. Therefore, this review article sheds light on superplastic behaviors under the uniaxial tensile loading of different magnesium alloys. This review also emphasizes low and high-temperature superplasticity, high strain rate superplasticity, deformation mechanism, thermal stability, texture evaluation, and fracture mechanism of extruded/rolled and severe plastic deformed magnesium alloys. At the end of the review, some technical issues have been addressed which can be beneficial for further enhancement in the superplasticity of magnesium alloys. | Faisal Nazeer Jianyu Long Zhe Yang Chuan Li | 2022 | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2022，10，1： | 2 |
| 14 | DYNAMIC RECRYSTALLIZATION AND SUPERPLASTICITY IN Al-Li ALLOY显示文摘The behavior of dynamic recrystallization in the superplastic deformation of 8090 and 2091 aluminum-lithium alloys have been investigated.TEM observations indicated that dynamic recrystallization occurs at thetriple junction of grain boundaries.The measurement of grain boundary angle showed that recrystallization indynamic equilibrium exists in the process of superplastic deformation of 8090 Al-Li alloy.It is also indicatedthat,besides the role of refining grains and the grain boundary sliding,dynamic recrystallization playsconcurrently a role of stablizing microstructure.Thus dynamic rccrystallization can be used to induce metalssuperplasticity,which leads to a simplification of pretreatment for superplastic deformation. | Liu,Ziyi Cui,Jianzhong Bai,Guangrun Northeast University of Technology,Shengyang 110006,China | 1993 | 中国有色金属学会会刊:英文版1993，3，2： | 2 |
| 15 | A two-step superplastic forging forming of semi-continuously cast AZ70 magnesium alloy显示文摘A two-step technology combined forging with superplastic forming has been developed to enhance the forgeability of semi-continuously cast AZ70 magnesium alloy and realize the application of the as-cast magnesium alloy in large deformation bullet shell.In the first step,fine-grained microstructure preforms that are suitable for superplastic forming were obtained by reasonably designing the size of the initial blanks with the specific height-to-diameter ratio,upsetting the blanks and subsequent annealing.In the second step,the heat treated preforms were forged into the end products at the superplastic conditions.The end products exhibit high quality surface and satisfied microstructure.Consequently,this forming technology that not only avoids complicating the material preparation but also utilizes higher strain rate superplastic provides a near net-shaped novel method on magnesium forging forming technology using as-cast billet. | Pan Wang Shijie Zhu Liguo Wang Lihong Wu Shaokang Guan | 2015 | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2015，3，1： | 2 |
| 16 | Recent Advances in Superplastic Intermetallics显示文摘RecentAdvancesinSuperplasticIntermetallicsNIEHTai-Gang;WADSWORTHJeffrey(LawrenceLivermoreNationalLaboratory,Livermore,CA94550... | NIEH Tai-Gang WADSWORTH Jeffrey (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA) | 1995 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)1995，8，Z1： | 2 |
| 17 | EFFECT OF ELECTRIC CURRENT PULSE ON SUPERPLASTICITY OF ALUMINIUM ALLOY 7475显示文摘The superplastic deformation of aluminium alloy 7475 applied electric current pulse has been studied.The results presented that applying a high density current pulse raises both the elongation rate and the m value,and makes supperior superplastic properties at high strain rate of 10^(-2)s^(-1),the optimum deformation temperature could move from 530℃to 480~510℃,TEM observation showed the superplastic deformation of the alloy is the results of grain boundary slips and dislocation slips in grains under function of the electron wind;the intergranular tear is a main behavior of fracture of the alloy. | Li Yao Chen Hong Gu Yunqou Hu Xinbin | 1996 | Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China1996，6，1： | 2 |
| 18 | MATHEMATIC MODELS OF THINNING PATTERN FOR NON-SPHERE SUPERPLASTIC FREE BULGING(Ⅰ)显示文摘As clamping periphery is fixed during superplastic bulging, the thinning of thickness iscertainly inhomogeneous. There are large deviations between the mathematic model of athinning pattern established formerly for free bulging and the real deformation. In this paper,the mathematic model of a thinning pattern about non-spheric free bulging is establishedfor the first time by means of a function simulation method, and a simple and convenientmethod to determine the concrete form of this model in application is suggested. The agree-ment between the theoretical curve and the measured values proved to be perfect. Since themodel is established according to the experimental data of typical superplastic alloys, it canbe considered as a proper representation. This method is of general significance to bothnon-typical superplastic alloys and tough materials. | 宋玉泉 左万永 | 1992 | Science China Mathematics1992，35，1： | 2 |
| 19 | Theoretical Model of Transformation Superlastic Diffusion Bonding for Eutectoid Steel显示文摘Based on current theories of diffusion and creep cavity closure at high temperature, a theoretical analysis of phase transformation diffusion bonding for T8/T8 eutectoid steel is carried out. The diffusion bonding is mainly described as two-stage process: Ⅰ The interfacial cavity with shape change from diamond to cylinder.Ⅱ The radius of the cylindrical cavity are reduced and eliminated gradually. A new theoretical model is established for the process of transformation superplastic diffusion bonding (TSDB) on the basis of a theoretical model for isothermal superplastic diffusion. The model can predict the bonding quality which is affected by technological parameters, such as limit cycling temperature, the compressive stress, the numbers of thermal cycles and temperature cycling through the phase transformation in the thermal cycling and so on. Results show that the maximum temperature, the compressive stress, the numbers of thermal cycles and the rate of temperature changing speed in the thermal cycling have an important influence on TSDB process. Meanwhile, reasonable technological parameters chosen from theoretical analysis is in good agreement with those obtained from experimental results. | LU Shi-hong, YUN Jun-bi (College of Mechanic and Electricial Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China) | 2002 | 厦门大学学报(自然科学版)2002，41，S1： | 2 |
| 20 | Superplasticity of a friction stir processed overaged WE54 magnesium alloy显示文摘The coarse-grained WE54 magnesium alloy was heat treated in order to have minimum hardness minimizing the effects of precipitates and solid solution. Friction stir processing(FSP) was applied in severe conditions to obtain fine, equiaxed and highly misoriented grains, with grain sizes even less than 1 μm. The high severity of processing demonstrated to have a strong impact in the microstructure. Consequently,the processed materials exhibited excellent superplasticity at the high strain rate 10^(-2)s^(-1), and temperatures between 300 and 400 ℃. The maximum tensile superplastic elongation of 756% was achieved at 400 ℃ thanks to the operation of grain boundary sliding mechanism(GBS). Besides the new data obtained through tensile testing, the paper deals with a transcendental question regarding the large differences in strain rate values at a given stress in the superplastic regime at maximum elongation compared to other magnesium-based alloys. With this is mind, 19 magnesium alloys from 22 different investigations were analyzed to give some light to this behavior that never was treated before. It is proposed that this behavior has to be attributed to the accommodation process, necessary for GBS to occur, which is hindered by reinforcing solutes. | Oscar A.Ruano Marta Alvarez-Leal Alberto Orozco-Caballero Fernando Carreño | 2022 | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2022，10，11： | 2 |
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