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| 1 | Thiolactone copolymer donor gifts organic solar cells a 16.72% efficiency显示文摘Since 1995,bulk-heterojunction organic solar cells consisting of one or two organic donors and one or two organic acceptors have been fighting for high power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)and good stability[1].Until recent years,this next-generation photovoltaic technology starts to offer decent PCEs,shedding the light on commercialization,and attracting great attention again[2-14].Compared w让h the continuously emerging highperformance nonfullerene acceptors,high-performance donors are rare. | Ji Xiong Ke Jin Yufan Jiang Jianqiang Qin Tan Wang Jinfeng Liu Qishi Liu Haili Peng Xiongfeng Li Anxin Sun Xianyi Meng Lixiu Zhang Ling Liu Wenting Li Zhimin Fang Xue Jia Zuo Xiao Yaqing Feng Xiaotao Zhang Kuan Sun Shangfeng Yang Shengwei Shi Liming Ding | 2019 | Science Bulletin2019，64，21： | 17 |
| 2 | Discovery of high-entropy ceramics via machine learning显示文摘Although high-entropy materials are attracting considerable interest due to a combination of useful properties and promising applications,predicting their formation remains a hindrance for rational discovery of new systems.Experimental approaches are based on physical intuition and/or expensive trial and error strategies.Most computational methods rely on the availability of sufficient experimental data and computational power.Machine learning(ML)applied to materials science can accelerate development and reduce costs.In this study,we propose an ML method,leveraging thermodynamic and compositional attributes of a given material for predicting the synthesizability(i.e.,entropy-forming ability)of disordered metal carbides. | Kevin Kaufmann Daniel Maryanovsky William M.Mellor Chaoyi Zhu Alexander S.Rosengarten Tyler J.Harrington Corey Oses Cormac Toher Stefano Curtarolo Kenneth S.Vecchio | 2020 | npj Computational Materials2020，，1： | 5 |
| 3 | Hydrogen sulfide inhibits ethylene-induced petiole abscission in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum L.)显示文摘Abscission is a dynamic physiological process that is ubiquitous in plants and can also be an essential agronomic trait in crops,thus attracting attention from plant growers and breeders.In general,the process of plant organ abscission can be divided into four steps,among which the step to obtain the competence to respond to abscission signals(step 2)is the most complex;however,the molecular mechanism underlying this process remains unclear.In this study,we found that hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)inhibited the abscission of the tomato petiole in a dose-dependent manner,and the abscission of the petiole was accelerated when an H_(2)S scavenger was applied.Further enzymatic activity and gene expression analyses showed that H_(2)S suppressed the activity of enzymes capable of modifying the cell wall by inhibiting the usual upregulation of the transcription of the corresponding genes during the abscission process but not by affecting the activities of these enzymes by direct posttranslational modification.H_(2)S treatment upregulated the expression levels of SlIAA3 and SlIAA4 but downregulated the transcription of ILR-L3 and ILR-L4 in the earlier stages of the abscission process,indicating that H_(2)S probably functioned in the second step of the abscission process by preventing the abscission zone cells from obtaining the competence to respond to abscission signals by modulating the content of the bioactive-free auxin in these cells.Moreover,similar H_(2)S inhibitory effects were also demonstrated in the process of floral organ abscission and anther dehiscence in other plant species,suggesting a ubiquitous role for H_(2)S in cell separation processes. | Danmei Liu Jianing Li Zhuowen Li Yanxi Pei | 2020 | Horticulture Research2020，7，1： | 4 |
| 4 | Anti-disturbance filter design for a class of stochastic systems with fading channels显示文摘Dear editor,As a significant topic in control and signal processing communities,the filtering problem has been attracting persistent research attention in the past few decades[1].In practical engineering,the parameter perturbations are unavoidable due mainly to exogenous disturbances,environmental changes and some other phenomena. | Yang LIU Zidong WANG Hongli DONG Hongjian LIU | 2020 | Science China(Information Sciences)2020，63，11： | 3 |
| 5 | Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Neurofeedback of Cortical Target Enhances Hippocampal Activation and Memory Performance显示文摘Dear Editor,Neuromodulation,a rapidly expanding field attracting wide attention over recent decades,facilitates human cognition,behavior,and pathology by modifying the activity of specific neural targets.Human brain functions can be modified by exogenous brain neuromodulation techniques that deliver physical energy(e.g.,electrical current or magnetic pulses)into the brain[1],such as deep brain stimulation,transcranial magnetic stimulation,and tran-scranial direct current stimulation. | Xin Hou Xiang Xiao Yilong Gong Yihan Jiang Peipei Sun Juan Li Zheng Li Xiaojie Zhao Li Yao Antao Chen Chaozhe Zhu | 2021 | Neuroscience Bulletin2021，37，8： | 3 |
| 6 | THE STABILITY OF SCALAR AUTONOMOUS DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS显示文摘THESTABILITYOFSCALARAUTONOMOUSDIFFERENCEEQUATIONS￥ZhangShunian(AnhuiUniversity.)Abstract:Thegeneralcriteriaofstabilityforequi... | 张书年 | 1994 | Annals of Differential Equations1994，10，3： | 2 |
| 7 | Crystalline Structure-Dependent Mechanical and Thermoelectric Performance in Ag_(2)Se_(1‐x)S_(x)System显示文摘Self-powered wearable electronics require thermoelectric materials simultaneously with a high dimensionless figure of merit(zT)and good flexibility to convert the heat discharged by the human body into electricity.Ag_(2)(S,Se)-based semiconducting materials can well satisfy these requirements,and thus,they are attracting great attention in thermoelectric society recently.Ag_(2)(S,Se)crystalizes in an orthorhombic structure or monoclinic structure,depending on the detailed S/Se atomic ratio,but the relationship between its crystalline structure and mechanical/thermoelectric performance is still unclear to date.In this study,a series of Ag_(2)Se_(1-x)S_(x)(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,and 0.45)samples were prepared and their mechanical and thermoelectric performance dependence on the crystalline structure was systematically investigated.x=0:3 in the Ag_(2)Se_(1-x)S_(x)system was found to be the transition boundary between orthorhombic and monoclinic structures.Mechanical property measurement shows that the orthorhombic Ag_(2)Se_(1-x)S_(x)samples are brittle while the monoclinic Ag_(2)Se_(1-x)S_(x)samples are ductile and flexible.In addition,the orthorhombic Ag_(2)Se_(1-x)S_(x)samples show better electrical transport performance and higher zT than the monoclinic samples under a comparable carrier concentration,most likely due to their weaker electron-phonon interactions.This study sheds light on the further development of flexible inorganic TE materials. | Jiasheng Liang Pengfei Qiu Yuan Zhu Hui Huang Zhiqiang Gao Zhen Zhang Xun Shi Lidong Chen | 2020 | Research2020，，1： | 2 |
| 8 | Spiro Compounds for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes显示文摘CONSPECTUS:The development of cutting-edge optoelectronic devices is rapidly changing science and technology.The organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs),as one of the most applicable techniques of organic electronics,are experiencing the process of materials’upgrade.Among all the organic units to construct OLED materials,the spiro structure and its derived compounds have been widely studied due to the good thermal stability and unique orthogonally rigid structure.It had shown great potential in first generation fluorescent OLEDs(FOLEDs)and second generation phosphorescent OLEDs(PhOLEDs).Recently,it has achieved outstanding performance in third generation thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)OLEDs,which is attributed to its orthogonal structure caused by the spiro atom;thus the spiro compound can innately separate the hole and electron which is beneficial for minimizing the singlet−triplet splitting energy(ΔE_(ST)).The most classic aromatic spiro unit is 9,9′-spriobifluorene(SBF),which was first reported in 1930.The study of aromatic spiro compounds is closely related to the development of organic semiconductors;now,the structure−property relationship of spiro compounds is getting clearer and attracting wide attention from the material community. | Yang-Kun Qu Qi Zheng Jian Fan Liang-Sheng Liao Zuo-Quan Jiang | 2021 | Accounts of Materials Research2021，2，12： | 2 |
| 9 | CHAOTIC STATE OF SOFT SPRING DUFFING SYSTEM显示文摘Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION In recent years, some papers studied the relations between the subharmonic bifurcations and chaos in soft spring Duffing system. In this note, by analyzing the stability of | 孙国璋 刘曾荣 | 1987 | Chinese Science Bulletin1987，32，21： | 2 |
| 10 | ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MAYTANSINE AND MAYTANPRINE, TWO ANTICANCER AGENTS FROM MAYTENUS HOOKERI LOES显示文摘Maytansine (I) (C34H46CIN3O10) is a novel type of ansa macrolide with potent antitumor activity. It was isolated by Kupchan et al. with great efforts from several Maytenus species (0.2 p.p.m.—1.5 p.p.m, dried plant material) collected in Kenya and Ethiopia. It showed highly inhibitory activity against several experimental tumors (L-1210, P-388, W-256, S-180, Lewis lung carcinoma and B-16 melanocarcinoma) at the level of micrograms per kilogram body weight and the safety dosage ranging about 50—100 folds. Therefore, maytansine has been considered as one of the most promising anticancer agent of natural origin, attracting the interest of many relevant scientists. | 周韵丽 黄丽瑛 周倩如 蒋初祥 贺贤国 李朝明 王春 李秉钧 | 1980 | Chinese Science Bulletin1980，25，7： | 2 |
| 11 | Brassinosteroid regulation in rice seed biology显示文摘Rice(Oryza sativa L.)is not only a model monocotyledon plant,but also an important cereal seed crop.Improvements in seed-related traits is the key to obtaining high grain yield and quality,therefore attracting attention from both scientists and crop breeders.In higher plants,brassinosteroid(BR),a major growth-promoting hormone,plays an important role in regulating numerous agronomic traits associated with both vegetative and reproductive growth,thereby presenting huge application potential.Here,we review recent progress into BR regulation in rice seed biology.Both BR biosynthesis and signaling have been shown to regulate grain size,grain filling,grain number,seed germination and biosynthesis of seed components.Thus,considering the pleiotropic effects of BR,strategies aimed at genetic modulation of the BR pathway have been proposed to improve seed-related traits in rice,and therefore,enhance both yield and quality.This review not only strengthens our understanding of the underlying mechanism and regulatory network of BR-regulated key agronomic traits in rice,but also facilitates the future application of BR in rice breeding programs. | Min Xiong Gong-Neng Feng Qiang Gao Chang-Quan Zhang Qian-Feng Li Qiao-Quan Liu | 2022 | Seed Biology2022，1，1： | 2 |
| 12 | Shape Estimation of Soft Manipulator Using Stretchable Sensor显示文摘The soft robot manipulator is attracting attention in the surgical fields with its intrinsic softness,lightness in its weight,and safety toward the human organ.However,it cannot be used widely because of its difficulty of control.To control a soft robot manipulator accurately,shape sensing is essential.This paper presents a method of estimating the shape of a soft robot manipulator by using a skin-type stretchable sensor composed of a multiwalled carbon nanotube(MWCNT)and silicone(p7670).The sensor can be easily fabricated and applied by simply attaching it to the surface of the soft manipulator.In its fabrication,MWCNT is sprayed on a teflon sheet,and liquid-state silicone is poured on it.After curing,we turn it over and cover it with another silicone layer.The sensor is fabricated with a sandwich structure to decrease the hysteresis of the sensor.After calibration and determining the relationship between the resistance of the sensor and the strain,three sensors are attached at 120°intervals.Using the obtained data,the curvature of the manipulator is calculated,and the entire shape is reconstructed.To validate its accuracy,the estimated shape is compared with the camera data.We experiment with three,six,and nine sensors attached,and the result of the error of shape estimation is compared.As a result,the minimum tip position error is approximately 8.9 mm,which corresponded to 4.45%of the total length of the manipulator when using nine sensors. | Jinho So Uikyum Kim Yong Bum Kim Dong-Yeop Seok Sang Yul Yang Kihyeon Kim Jae Hyeong Park Seong Tak Hwang Young Jin Gong Hyouk Ryeol Choi | 2021 | Cyborg and Bionic Systems2021，，1： | 2 |
| 13 | Epidemiological Characteristics of Osteoarthritis in Yichang City—Hubei Province,China,2017–2018显示文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?OA has been listed as the fastest increasing major public health problem and ranked second as a cause of disability by World Health Organization(WHO).With population aging,osteoarthritis(OA)is causing an increased economic burden for individuals and society and is attracting an increasing amount of scientific attention. | Yingying Zhang Jiajuan Yang Tanchun Yu Li Ma Yuewei Cheng Xudong Li | 2021 | China CDC weekly2021，3，16： | 2 |
| 14 | Deep-learning-based quality filtering of mechanically exfoliated 2D crystals显示文摘Two-dimensional(2D)crystals are attracting growing interest in various research fields such as engineering,physics,chemistry,pharmacy,and biology owing to their low dimensionality and dramatic change of properties compared to the bulk counter parts.Among the various techniques used to manufacture 2D crystals,mechanical exfoliation has been essential to practical applications and fundamental research.However,mechanically exfoliated crystals on substrates contain relatively thick flakes that must be found and removed manually,limiting high-throughput manufacturing of atomic 2D crystals and van der Waals heterostructures.Here,we present a deep-learning-based method to segment and identify the thickness of atomic layer flakes from optical microscopy images.Through carefully designing a neural network based on U-Net,we found that our neural network based on Unet trained only with the data based on realistically small number of images successfully distinguish monolayer and bilayer MoS2 and graphene with a success rate of 70–80%,which is a practical value in the first screening process for choosing monolayer and bilayer flakes of all flakes on substrates without human eye.The remarkable results highlight the possibility that a large fraction of manual laboratory work can be replaced by AI-based systems,boosting productivity. | Yu Saito Kento Shin Kei Terayama Shaan Desai Masaru Onga Yuji Nakagawa Yuki M.Itahashi Yoshihiro Iwasa Makoto Yamada Koji Tsuda | 2019 | npj Computational Materials2019，，1： | 1 |
| 15 | 磷脂复合的人造水凝胶具有关节软骨一样的润滑效果显示文摘Lubrication has been attracting increasing attention of scientists from different backgrounds and has become a focus in a variety of fields such as manufacturing,machinery,transport,medical devices and so on[1].Over the past 20 years,great progress has been made in various lubrication fields,including film lubrication,biological lubrication,nano lubrication and minimal quantity lubrication[2].Nowadays,the lubrication fields mainly concentrate on developing efficient lubrication strategies including film lubrication,extreme friction and lubrication,intelligent lubrication,ultra-slippery surface[3,4].Among them,ultra-slippery surface is a meaningful pursuit of scientists.So far,various applications of ultra-slippery surface have been developed,such as anti-biofouling,anti-icing,anti-frosting,heat transfer,liquid or gas transportation,microfludics[3]. | 伏晓 仇毓东 赵远锦 | 2021 | Science Bulletin2021，66，5： | 1 |
| 16 | XiaoMu: an AI-driven assistant for MOOCs显示文摘Nowadays, massive open online courses(MOOCs), are attracting widespread interest as an alternative education model. Several MOOCs platforms, such as Coursera, edX,and Udacity have been built and they provide low-cost opportunities for anyone who needs to access a massive number of courses from the worldwide top universities. However, the learning completion rate of the learners via MOOCs is extremely low compared with that in real classroom learning.Thus, this study builds a system, called XiaoMu, to design intelligent intervention strategies for the learning process of learners and improve the learning efficiency through automatic analysis of courses and learners. We deployed our system on the website1), which is one of the largest MOOCs in China. | Zhengyang SONG Jie TANG Tracy Xiao LIU Wenjiang ZHENG Lili WU Wenzheng FENG Jing ZHANG | 2021 | Science China(Information Sciences)2021，64，6： | 1 |
| 17 | An Effective Numerical Procedure to Determine Saddle-Type Unstable Invariant Limit Sets in Nonlinear Systems显示文摘A new technique that can efficiently approximate the attracting set of a nonlinear dynamical system is proposed under the framework of point mapping with the cell reference method.With the aid of the approximated attracting set,the difficulties encountered by the PIM-triple method and bisection procedure in finding trajectories on the stable manifolds of chaotic saddles in basins of attraction and on basin boundaries can be overcome well.On the basis of this development,an effective method to determine saddle-type invariant limit sets of nonlinear dynamical systems can be devised.Examples are presented for the purposes of illustration and to demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed method. | 江俊 | 2012 | Chinese Physics Letters2012，29，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Overview of Research Trends in Precious Chinese Medicines显示文摘Introduction Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has continued through centuries to this day since the ancient times and has contributed greatly to the well-being maintenance and disease treatment in China.[1-3]Before the ushering in of Western medicine into China in the 19th century,TCM had been the major healthcare and medical modality in Chinese communities.[4]This ancient art of healing has not diminished over time;conversely,it is now widely accepted by patients both in China and around the world owing to the shift of the disease spectrum and the rise of the“return to nature”paradigm.Moreover,TCM is attracting increasing attention from research circle worldwide.[5]At present,TCM is used in approximately 45%of the world’s countries,and a large amount of Chinese medicine raw materials is exported from China,and some of these Chinese medicines are collected directly from the wild.[6,7]Owing to the popularity of Chinese medicine around the world,the natural resources required for Chinese medicine production can hardly meet the rapidly increasing demand.Wild herbal resources are decreasing by approximately 30%every year.[5,8,9]. | Hong-Xi Xu Zhi-Xiu Lin | 2021 | Chinese Medicine and Culture2021，4，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Global attractiveness and exponential decay of neutral stochastic functional differential equations driven by fBm with Hurst parameter less than 1/2显示文摘We are concerned with a class of neutral stochastic functional differential equations driven by fractional Brownian motion (fBm)in the Hilbert space.We obtain the global attracting sets of this kind of equations driven by fBm with Hurst parameter h E (0,1/2).Especially,some sufficient conditions which ensure the exponential decay in the p-th moment of the mild solution of the considered equations are obtained.In the end,one example is given to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of results obtained. | Liping XU Jiaowan LUO | 2018 | Frontiers of Mathematics in China2018，13，6： | 1 |
| 20 | IN VITRO PLANT REGENERATION FROM LEAFLET EXPLANTS OF TRITICALE显示文摘Cereal improvement by means of genetic modification is a frontier topic attracting world-wide attention. The plant regeneration of divisible cells from protoplasts is a prerequisite for the genetic manipulation in higher plants. But there are lots of dif- | 钱迎倩 周云罗 蔡起贵 | 1981 | Chinese Science Bulletin1981，26，12： | 1 |
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