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| 1 | 一种面向物联网的无线传感器网络优化部署策略(英文)显示文摘This paper proposes an open hierarchical network architecture for the Internet of Things (IoT), which can provide a unified network topology by using heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). With this proposed architecture, our research focuses on the optimal deployment strategy of the nodes on the convergence level. We aim at the maximization of the sub-network's lifetime while minimizing the deployment cost. Meanwhile, a novel metric named as the Ratio of Lifetime to Cost (RLC) is proposed to estimate the efficiency of convergence nodes deployment. Simulation results indicate that the proposed deployment algorithm can achieve the optimal number of convergence nodes. The proposed deployment strategy is able to achieve a balanced tradeoff between the network lifetime and the deployment cost. | 刘强 黄小红 冷延鹏 李龙江 毛玉明 | 2011 | China Communications2011，8，8： | 28 |
| 2 | 开展药物利用研究,促进临床合理用药显示文摘 | 马嘉 陈盛新 马琳 | 1999 | 中国药房1999，10，4： | 26 |
| 3 | 作为规制工具的成本收益分析——以美国的理论与实践为例显示文摘成本收益分析是美国行政法上一项行之有效的规制影响分析工具。在当代行政法中有效运用成本收益分析,不仅可以起到提高资源配置效率、优化行政规制的作用,而且还能提升现代行政的合法性。通过考察相关案例可以发现,美国司法审查对成本收益分析的态度是一个从否定到肯定的渐进过程,经历了从'如果国会法律没有明确规定,行政机关就不能使用',到'如果国会法律没有明确规定,行政机关可以不使用',再到'如果国会法律没有明确禁止,行政机关就能使用'的变化过程。成本与收益的计算可以通过市场评估法和非市场评估法予以确定。美国行政法上的成本收益分析在质疑与批判中不断发展完善。 | 刘权 | 2015 | 行政法学研究2015，，1： | 23 |
| 4 | HJ-1A/1B卫星CCD影像水环境遥感大气校正方法评价研究——以鄱阳湖为例显示文摘HJ-1A/1B卫星CCD传感器具有较高的空间、时间分辨率,在内陆湖泊水质遥感定量监测方面有很大潜力,大气校正是制约其应用的关键问题之一。以我国第一大淡水湖——鄱阳湖为研究区域,结合2009年、2011年两次现场实测数据对FLAASH,6S,COST和QUAC四种大气校正结果进行对比分析,并探讨各种大气校正算法对悬浮泥沙浓度反演精度的影响。结果表明:(1)HJ-1A/1B卫星CCD的第1波段在水环境遥感应用时,建议进行重新定标;第2和3波段四种大气校正结果精度相对较高,其中,FLAASH,6S和COST三种大气校正算法精度都较高,QUAC精度偏低,建议在可能的情况下对该算法进行有针对性的改进;(2)FLAASH,6S,COST和QUAC四种大气校正算法第2和3波段比值结果与实测数据吻合度最好,平均相对误差分别为8.2%,9.5%,7.6%和11.6%,因此建议在鄱阳湖水域尽量采用第2和3波段比值作为反演因子;(3)以四种大气校正结果为基础,与悬浮泥沙浓度直接建模,结果发现,四种模型反演精度均比用实测遥感反射率与实测悬浮泥沙浓度建立的模型反演结果要高,FLAASH,6S和COST三种算法反演所得悬浮泥沙浓度精度都较高,平均相对误差分别为:10.0%,10.2%和8.0%;QUAC略差,平均相对误差为18.6%。建议在泥沙浓度反演时采用大气校正结果与悬浮泥沙浓度直接建模,可以有效降低利用实测光谱数据建模引起的大气校正误差的累积效应;(4)在精度要求不是特别高的前提下,四种大气校正算法都可以采用,但综合算法复杂程度、精度、稳定性等多种因素,在辅助信息不全的情况下,COST大气校正算法更值得推荐。 | 曾群 赵越 田礼乔 陈晓玲 | 2013 | 光谱学与光谱分析2013，33，5： | 21 |
| 5 | 价格扭曲、资源错配与全要素生产率显示文摘通过引入要素相对价格来研究价格扭曲、资源错配和全要素生产率之间的关系,采用Cost-Malmquist指数模型将CM指数分解为纯技术效率变化和规模效率变化、纯技术变化和规模技术变化、分配效应和价格效应。研究发现:制约我国全要素生产率进步的首要因素是资源配置效率,价格扭曲直接影响资源配置效率;东部地区生产率增长率最高,受要素价格扭曲影响程度最大;市场化率的提高可以减少价格扭曲,促进全要素生产率的改善;对外贸易依存度、外商直接投资反而导致资源配置效率下降。 | 邓翔 李德山 李双强 朱高峰 | 2017 | 软科学2017，31，9： | 21 |
| 6 | Outcome and costs of laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy during the initial learning curve vs laparotomy显示文摘AIM:To compare laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy(TLPD) during the initial learning curve with open pancreaticoduodenectomy in terms of outcome and costs.METHODS:This is a retrospective review of the consecutive patients who underwent TLPD between December 2009 and April 2014 at our institution.The experiences of the initial 15 consecutive TLPD cases,considered as the initial learning curve of each surgeon,were compared with the same number of consecutive laparotomy cases with the same spectrum of diseases in terms of outcome and costs.Laparoscopic patients with conversion to open surgery were excluded.Preoperative demographic and comorbidity data were obtained.Postoperative data on intestinal movement,pain score,mortality,complications,and costs were obtained for analysis.Complications related to surgery included pneumonia, intra-abdominal abscess,postpancreatectomy hemorrhage,biliary leak,pancreatic fistula,delayed gastric emptying,and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.The total costs consisted of cost of surgery,anesthesia,and admission examination.RESULTS:A total of 60 patients,including 30 consecutive laparoscopic cases and 30 consecutive open cases,were enrolled for review.Demographic and comorbidity characteristics of the two groups were similar.TLPD required a significantly longer operative time(513.17 ± 56.13 min vs 371.67 ± 85.53 min,P < 0.001).The TLPD group had significantly fewer mean numbers of days until bowel sounds returned(2.03 ± 0.55 d vs 3.83 ± 0.59 d,P < 0.001) and exhaustion(4.17 ± 0.75 d vs 5.37 ± 0.81 d,P < 0.001).The mean visual analogue score on postoperative day 4 was less in the TLPD group(3.5 ± 9.7 vs 4.47 ± 1.11,P < 0.05).No differences in surgery-related morbidities and mortality were observed between the two groups.Patients in the TLPD group recovered more quickly and required a shorter hospital stay after surgery(9.97 ± 3.74 d vs 11.87 ± 4.72 d,P < 0.05).A significant difference in the total cost was found between the two groups(TLPD 81317.43 ± 2027.60 RMB vs laparotomy 78433.23 ± 5788.12 RMB,P < 0.05).TLPD had a statistically higher cost for both surgery(24732.13 ± 929.28 RMB vs 19317.53 ± 795.94 RMB,P < 0.001)and anesthesia(6192.37 ± 272.77 RMB vs 5184.10 ± 146.93 RMB,P < 0.001),but a reduced cost for admission examination(50392.93 ± 1761.22 RMB vs 53931.60 ± 5556.94 RMB,P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:TLPD is safe when performed by experienced pancreatobiliary surgeons during the initial learning curve,but has a higher cost than open pancreaticoduodenectomy. | Chun-Lu Tan Hao Zhang Bing Peng Ke-Zhou Li | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，17： | 19 |
| 7 | One-Step-Installation of Offshore Wind Turbine on Large-Scale Bucket-Top-Bearing Bucket Foundation显示文摘In 2010,the first offshore wind turbine with integrated installation was established in Qidong sea area of Jiangsu Province,China,which led to the implementation phase of one-step-installation technique based on the design and construction of large-scale bucket-top-bearing (LSBTB) bucket foundation.The critical technique of LSBTB bucket foundation included self-floating towing,penetration with adjustment of horizontal levelness,removability and one-step-installation.The process of one-step-installation included the prefabrication of LSBTB bucket foundation in onshore construction base,installation and debugging of wind power,overall water transportation of foundation and wind power system,and installation of foundation and offshore wind turbine on the appointed sea area.The cost of one-step-installation technique was about 5 000 Yuan/kW,which was 30%-50% lower than that of the existing technique.The prefabrication of LSBTB bucket foundation took about two months.During the one-step-installation process,the installation and debugging of wind power and overall water transportation need about one to two days in sea area within 35 m depth.After the proposed technique is industrialized,the cost will be further reduced,and the installation capacity is expected to be up to 500 wind turbines per year. | 丁红岩 练继建 李爱东 张浦阳 | 2013 | Transactions of Tianjin University2013，19，3： | 16 |
| 8 | 磴口县景观格局演变特征及生态网络构建显示文摘城市生态基础设施是城市可持续发展的基础,西部干旱区生态脆弱性大,县域尺度的生态基础设施网络是保证干旱区城市稳定与发展的重要保障。在快速城市化的背景下,选择西部典型生态脆弱区磴口县为研究区,运用景观格局指数、景观转移网络及核密度分析等方法,分析景观格局演变,在此基础上确定生态源地并分级,基于Cost Path模型提取生态廊道与生态节点,构建城市化背景下基于景观格局演变的磴口县生态基础设施网络。结果表明:2014年磴口县域景观破碎化程度高,景观生态流流动性差,城市与建设用地、荒漠灌木林地、耕地、沙漠之间的转移情况决定了磴口县整体景观变化的特征,2001—2014年共存在28种景观转移关系;基于Cost Path模型构建的县域尺度生态基础设施优化网络共包含391块生态源地、47 466条生态廊道和799个生态节点。针对干旱区构建的县域尺度的城区防护型生态网络,能够为磴口县城市化发展提供重要保障,对干旱区城市生态规划具有重要的参考价值。 | 于强 岳德鹏 张启斌 吕奇 李宁 侯宏冰 | 2017 | 中国沙漠2017，37，3： | 16 |
| 9 | Pancreatic function,quality of life and costs at long-term follow-up after acute pancreatitis显示文摘AIM:To evaluate long-term endocrine and exocrine pancreatic function,quality of life and health care costs after mild acute pancreatitis and severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).METHODS:Patients prospectively included in 2001-2005 were followed-up after 42(36-53)mo.Pancreatic function was evaluated with laboratory tests,the oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT),fecal elastase-1 and a questionnaire.Short Form(SF)-36,was completed.RESULTS:Fourteen patients with a history of SAP and 26 with mild acute pancreatitis were included.Plasma glucose after OGTT was higher after SAP(9.2 mmol/L vs 7.0 mmol/L,P=0.044).Diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance in fasting plasma glucose and/or 120 min plasma glucose were more common in SAP patients(11/14 vs 11/25,P=0.037).Sick leave,time until the patients could take up recreational activities and time until they had recovered were all longer after SAP(P <0.001).No significant differences in SF-36 were seen between the groups,or when comparing with age and gender matched reference groups.Total hospital costs,including primary care,follow-up and treatment of complications,were higher after SAP(median€16572 vs €5000,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Endocrine pancreatic function was affected,especially after severe disease.SAP requires greater resource use with long recovery,but most patients regained a good quality of life. | Bodil Andersson Marie-Louise Pendse Roland Andersson | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，39： | 15 |
| 10 | Helicobacter pylori : Friend or foe?显示文摘Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) is a Gram-negative spiral bacterium that is present in nearly half the world's population. It is the major cause of peptic ulcer disease and a recognized cause of gastric carcinoma. In addition, it is linked to non-ulcer dyspepsia, vitamin B12 deficiency, iron-deficient anemia and immune thrombocytopenic purpura. These conditions are indications for testing and treatment according to current guidelines. An additional indication according to the guidelines is 'anyone with a fear of gastric cancer' which results in nearly every infected person being eligible for eradication treatment. There may be beneficial effects of H. pylori in humans, including protection from gastroesophageal reflux disease and esophageal adenocarcinoma. In addition, universal treatment will be extremely expensive(more than $32 billion in the United States), may expose the patients to adverse effects such as anaphylaxis and Clostridium difficile infection, as well as contributing to antibiotic resistance. There may also be an as yet uncertain effect on the fecal microbiome. There is a need for robust clinical data to assist in decision-making regarding treatment of H. pylori infection. | Stephen David Howard Malnick Ehud Melzer Malka Attali Gabriel Duek Jacob Yahav | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，27： | 15 |
| 11 | Disclosure of government financial information and the cost of local government's debt financing——Empirical evidence from provincial investment bonds for urban construction显示文摘China's slowing economic growth and rapid urbanization have made local government debt financing a significant issue.This study uses a sample of China's provincial government data for the 2006–2012 period to examine the effect of the disclosure of financial information by local governments on their debt financing costs.The results show that financial information disclosure is conducive to public supervision and enhances government credibility,leading to a decrease in the cost of debt financing.Furthermore,increased government economic intervention increases the strength of the association between financial information disclosure and the cost of debt financing.Increased government audit prevention function weakens the strength of the association between financial information disclosure and the cost of debt financing. | Zhibin Chen Jun Pan Liangliang Wang Xiaofeng Shen | 2016 | China Journal of Accounting Research2016，，3： | 15 |
| 12 | A Flexible Multi-Layer Map Model Designed for Lane-Level Route Planning in Autonomous Vehicles显示文摘An increasing number of drivers are relying on digital map navigation systems in vehicles or mobile phones to select optimal driving routes in order to save time and improve safety. In the near future, digital map navigation systems are expected to play more important roles in transportation systems. In order to extend current navigation systems to more applications, two fundamental problems must be resolved: the lane-level map model and lane-level route planning. This study proposes solutions to both problems. The current limitation of the lane-level map model is not its accuracy but its flexibility;this study proposes a novel seven-layer map structure, called as Tsinghua map model, which is able to support autonomous driving in a flexible and efficient way. For lane-level route planning, we propose a hierarchical route-searching algorithm to accelerate the planning process, even in the presence of complicated lane networks. In addition, we model the travel costs allocated for lane-level road networks by analyzing vehicle maneuvers in traversing lanes, changing lanes, and turning at intersections. Tests were performed on both a grid network and a real lane-level road network to demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the proposed algorithm. | Kun Jiang Diange Yang Chaoran Liu Tao Zhang Zhongyang Xiao | 2019 | Engineering2019，5，2： | 14 |
| 13 | 中国上市物流企业成本效率动态分析——基于Cost Malmquist指数显示文摘通过对2006-2013年48家上市物流企业投入要素价格变化的量化处理,建立上市物流企业Cost Malmquist(CM)指数,扩展基于成本函数的Malmquist指数,将其变动进一步分解为技术效率变动、技术进步变动、配置效率变动以及价格因素变动4个部分,并与传统的投入Malmquist(IM)指数进行对比。研究表明:48家上市物流企业的CM指数表现了比IM指数更为明显的生产率退步,其中引起CM指数退步的因素中价格波动要大于配置效率变动,这是IM指数无法测度出来的。 | 范璐 王爱虎 | 2016 | 软科学2016，30，6： | 12 |
| 14 | Attributable cost of a nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit: A prospective cohort study显示文摘AIM To study the impact of hospital-acquired infections(HAIs) on cost and outcome from intensive care units(ICU) in India. METHODS Adult patients(> 18 years) admitted over 1-year, to a 24-bed medical critical care unit in India, were enrolled prospectively. Treatment cost and outcome data were collected. This cost data was merged with HAI data collected prospectively by the Hospital Infection Control Committee. Only infections occurring during ICU stay were included. The impact of HAI on treatment cost and mortality was assessed. RESULTS The mean(± SD) age of the cohort(n = 499) was42.3 ± 16.5 years. Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation-Ⅱ score was 13.9(95%CI: 13.3-14.5); 86% were ventilated. ICU and hospital length of stay were 7.8 ± 5.5 and 13.9 ± 10 d respectively. Hospital mortality was 27.9%. During ICU stay, 76(15.3%) patients developed an infection(ventilator-associated pneumonia 50; bloodstream infection 35; urinary tract infections 3), translating to 19.7 infections/1000 ICU days. When compared with those who did not develop an infection, an infection occurring during ICU stay was associated with significantly higher treatment cost [median(inter-quartile range, IQR) INR 92893(USD 1523)(IQR 57168-140286) vs INR 180469(USD 2958)(IQR 140030-237525); P < 0.001 and longer duration of ICU(6.7 ± 4.5 d vs 13.4 ± 7.0 d; P < 0.01) and hospital stay(12.4 ± 8.2 d vs 21.8 ± 13.9 d; P < 0.001)]. However ICU acquired infections did not impact hospital mortality(31.6% vs 27.2%; P = 0.49).CONCLUSION An infection acquired during ICU stay was associated with doubling of treatment cost and prolonged hospitalization but did not significantly increase mortality. | Binila Chacko Kurien Thomas Thambu David Hema Paul Lakshmanan Jeyaseelan John Victor Peter | 2017 | World Journal of Critical Care Medicine2017，6，1： | 11 |
| 15 | 主要 clarithromycin 抵抗到 Helicobacter pylori : 这是为三倍的治疗失败的主要原因?显示文摘 Conventional triple therapies for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) eradication have recently shown a disappointing reduction in effectiveness in many countries. The main reason for failure was found to be bacterial resistance to one of the most commonly used antibiotics, clarithromycin. An additional problem for conventional triple therapy is the high rate of resistance to metronidazole found in Europe, America and Asia. In Italy, in the last 15 years a 2-fold increase in resistance has occurred. A recent study of the whole of Italy included about 20 patients from each region at the first endoscopic diagnosis of H. pylori infection. The most surprising result was the patchy distribution of resistance, which was almost absent in two regions (one northern and one southern), although the highest prevalence was found in some regions of the South. In the paediatricpopulation we found a 25% prevalence of resistance in a sample of H. pylori positive children observed between 2002 and 2007, mirroring data obtained in southern European countries. Clarithromycin resistance assessment is currently based on phenotypic detection performed after culture the agar dilution method or E-test, and genotypic methods based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In a recent comparative study we found a 71.2% agreement between the two methods. Culture-free techniques are highly accurate in finding even minimal traces of genotypically resistant strains. Moreover, PCR-based tools are accurate in detecting a heteroresistant status, defined as the co-existence of some strains that are susceptible and some resistant to the same antibiotic in an individual patient. Three point mutations, namely A2143G , A2142G and A2142C , are responsible for 90% of cases of primary clarithromycin resistance in H. pylori strains isolated in Western countries, although we previously demonstrated that the presence of the A2143G mutation, but not A2142G or A2142C , significantly lowered the H. pylori eradication rate. Treatment failure has considerable cost/benefit implications because of 'waste' of National Health System and patient resources, in terms of drugs, further diagnostic tests and medical examination expenses. Therefore, in future it would be very useful to be able to test for clarithromycin resistance before starting conventional triple therapy. Hopefully, fast, effective noninvasive tests may soon be devised to determine this condition. | Floriana Giorgio Mariabeatrice Principi Vincenzo De Francesco Angelo Zullo Giuseppe Losurdo Alfredo Di Leo Enzo Ierardi | 2013 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2013，4，3： | 10 |
| 16 | A new dynamic pushback control method for reducing fuel-burn costs: Using predicted taxi-out time显示文摘Long departure-taxi-out time leads to significant airport surface congestion, fuel-burn costs, and excessive emissions of greenhouse gases. To reduce these undesirable effects, a Predicted taxi-out time-based Dynamic Pushback Control(PDPC) method is proposed. The implementation of this method requires two steps: first, the taxi-out times for aircraft are predicted by the leastsquares support-vector regression approach of which the parameters are optimized by an introduced improved Firefly algorithm. Then, a dynamic pushback control model equipped with a linear gate-hold penalty function is built, along with a proposed iterative taxiway queue-threshold optimization algorithm for solving the model. A case study with data obtained from Beijing International airport(PEK) is presented. The taxi-out time prediction model achieves predictive accuracy within 3 min and 5 min by 84.71% and 95.66%, respectively. The results of the proposed pushback method show that total operation cost and fuel-burn cost achieve a 14.0% and 21.1%reduction, respectively, as compared to the traditional K-control policy.(3) From the perspective of implementation, using PDPC policy can significantly reduce the queue length in taxiway and taxi-out time. The total operation cost and fuel-burn cost can be curtailed by 37.2% and 52.1%,respectively, as compared to the non-enforcement of any pushback control mechanism. These results show that the proposed pushback control model can reduce fuel-burn costs and airport surface congestion effectively. | Guan LIAN Yaping ZHANG Zhiwei XING Qian LUO Shaowu CHENG | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2019，32，3： | 10 |
| 17 | Burden of pediatric hepatitis C显示文摘Hepatitis C virus(HCV)is a major health burden infecting 170-210 million people worldwide.Additional 3-4millions are newly-infected annually.Prevalence of pediatric infection varies from 0.05%-0.36%in the United States and Europe;up to 1.8%-5.8%in some developing countries.The highest prevalence occurs in Egypt,sub-Saharan Africa,Amazon basin and Mongolia.HCV has been present in some populations for several centuries,notably genotypes 1 and 2 in West Africa.Parenteral anti-schistosomal therapy practiced in the 1960s until the early 1980s had spread HCV infection throughout Egypt.Parenteral acquisition of HCV remains a major route for infection among Egyptian children.Insufficient screening of transfusions,unsterilized injection equipment and re-used needles and syringes continue to be major routes of HCV transmission in developing countries,whereas vertical transmission and adolescent high-risk behaviors(e.g.,injection drug abuse)are the major routes in developed countries.The risk of vertical transmission from an infected mother to her unborn/newborn infant is approximately 5%.Early stages of HCV infection in children do not lead to marked impairment in the quality of life nor to cognitive,behavioral or emotional dysfunction;however,caregiver stress and family system strain may occur.HCV slowly progresses to serious complications as cirrhosis(1%-2%)and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)especially in the presence of risk factors as hemolytic anemias,obesity,treated malignancy,and concomitant human immune deficiency and/or hepatitis B virus co-infection.HCV vaccine remains elusive to date.Understanding the immune mechanisms in patients who successfully cleared the infection is essential for vaccine development.The pediatric standard of care treatment consists of pegylated interferon-α2a or b plus ribavirin for 24-48 wk.The new oral direct acting antivirals,approved for adults,need further evaluation in children.Sustained virologic response varies depending on the viral load,genotype,duration of infection,degree of aminotransferase elevation,adiposity and single nucleotide polymorphisms of interleukin(IL)-28B locus.The goals of treatment in individual patients are virus eradication,prevention of cirrhosis and HCC,and removing stigmatization;meanwhile the overall goal is decreasing the global burden of HCV.IL-28B polymorphisms have been also associated with spontaneous clearance of vertically acquired HCV infection.The worldwide economic burden of HCV for children,families and countries is estimated to be hundreds of millions of US dollars per year.The United States,alone,is estimated to spend 199-336 million dollars in screening,monitoring and treatment during one decade.The emotional burden of having an HCV infected child in a family is more difficult to estimate. | Mortada Hassan El-Shabrawi Naglaa Mohamed Kamal Alanani | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，44： | 9 |
| 18 | Low-cost,μm-thick,tape-free electronic tattoo sensors with minimized motion and sweat artifacts显示文摘Electronic tattoos(e-tattoos),also known as epidermal electronics,are ultra-thin and ultra-soft noninvasive but skin-conformable devices with capabilities including physiological sensing and transdermal stimulation and therapeutics.The fabrication of e-tattoos out of conventional inorganic electronic materials used to be tedious and expensive.Recently developed cut-and-paste method has significantly simplified the process and lowered the cost.However,existing cut-and-paste method entails a medical tape on which the electronic tattoo sensors should be pasted,which increases tattoo thickness and degrades its breathability.To address this problem,here we report a slightly modified cut-and-paste method to fabricate low-cost,open-mesh e-tattoos with a total thickness of just 1.5μm.E-tattoos of such thinness can be directly pasted on human skin and conforms to natural skin texture.We demonstrate that this ultra-thin,tape-free e-tattoo can confidently measure electrocardiogram(ECG),skin temperature,and skin hydration.Heart rate and even respiratory rate can be extracted from the ECG signals.A special advantage of such ultra-thin e-tattoo is that it is capable of high-fidelity sensing with minimized motion artifacts under various body movements.Effects of perspiration are found to be insignificant due to the breathability of such e-tattoos. | Youhua Wang Yitao Qiu Shideh Kabiri Ameri Hongwoo Jang Zhaohe Dai YongAn Huang Nanshu Lu | 2018 | npj Flexible Electronics2018，2，1： | 9 |
| 19 | 我国企业应用战略成本管理的思考显示文摘战略成本管理(StrategicCostManagement,简称SCM)产生于20世纪90年代,包括价值链分析、战略定位分析、成本动因分析等内容,其核心是“成本优势”而非单纯的“降低成本”,具有竞争性、外延性、长期性、全局性的特点。本文仅就我国企业应用SCM谈谈自己粗浅的看法。 | 杨淑娥 | 2005 | 会计之友2005，，12A： | 8 |
| 20 | 基于四维结构体系的水电工程造价管理研究显示文摘针对目前水电工程造价管理存在的问题,基于霍尔三维结构图建立了水电工程造价管理的四维结构体系,分析了四个维度的含义及相互关系,在此基础上提出了基于四维结构体系的水电工程造价管理集成化模型,为水电工程造价管理提供了一种新的思路与方法。 | 郭琦 田志超 曾露 | 2010 | 水电能源科学2010，28，9： | 8 |
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