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| 1 | Delayed sowing can increase lodging resistance while maintaining grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency in winter wheat显示文摘Lodging resistance of winter wheat(Trnticum aestivum L.) can be increased by late sowing.However, whether grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency(NUE) can be maintained with delayed sowing remains unknown. During the 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 growing seasons, two winter wheat cultivars were sown on three dates(early sowing on October 1, normal so,wing on October8, and late sowing on October 15) to investigate the responses of lodging resistance, grain yield,and NUE to sowing date. No significant differences in lodging resistance, grain yield, or NUE between early and normal sowing were observed. Averaging over the two cultivars and years,postponing the sowing date significantly increased lodging resistance by 53.6% and 49.6%compared with that following early and normal sowing, respectively. Lodging resistance was improved mainly through a reduction in the culm height at the center of gravity and an increase in the tensile strength of the base internode. Late sowing resulted in similar grain yield as well as kernel weight and number of kernels per square meter, compared to early and normal sowing.Averaging over the two cultivars and years, delayed sowing resulted in a reduction in nitrogen uptake efficiency(UPE) by 11.0% and 9.9% compared to early and normal sowing, respectively,owing to reduced root length density and dry matter accumulation before anthesis. An average increase in nitrogen utilization efficiency(UTE) of 12.9% and 11.2% compared to early and normal sowing, respectively, was observed with late sowing owing to a reduction in the grain nitrogen concentration. The increase in UTE offset the reduction in UPE, resulting in equal NUEs among all sowing dates. Thus, sowing later than normal could increase lodging resistance while maintaining grain yield and NUE. | Xinglong Dai Yuechao Wang Xiuchun Dong Taifeng Qian Lijun Yin Shuxin Dong Jinpeng Chu Mingrong He | 2017 | The Crop Journal2017，5，6： | 21 |
| 2 | Optimization of sowing date and seeding rate for high winter wheat yield based on pre-winter plant development and soil water usage in the Loess Plateau,China显示文摘Sowing date and seeding rate are critical for productivity of winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.).A three-year field experiment was conducted with three sowing dates(20 September(SD1),1 October(SD2),and 10 October(SD3)) and three seeding rates(SR67.5,SR90,and SR112.5) to determine suitable sowing date and seeding rate for high wheat yield.A large seasonal variation in accumulated temperature from sowing to winter dormancy was observed among three growing seasons.Suitable sowing dates for strong seedlings before winter varied with the seasons,that was SD2 in 2012–2013,SD3 in 2013–2014,and SD2 as well as SD1 in 2014–2015.Seasonal variation in precipitation during summer fallow also had substantial effects on soil water storage,and consequently influenced grain yield through soil water consumption from winter dormancy to maturity stages.Lower consumption of soil water from winter dormancy to booting stages could make more water available for productive growth from anthesis to maturity stages,leading to higher grain yield.SD2 combined with SR90 had the lowest soil water consumption from winter dormancy to booting stages in 2012–2013 and 2014–2015; while in 2013–2014,it was close to that with SR67.5 or SR112.5.For productive growth from anthesis to maturity stages,SD2 with SR90 had the highest soil water consumption in all three seasons.The highest water consumption in the productive growth period resulted in the best grain yield in both low and high rainfall years.Ear number largely contributed to the seasonal variation in grain yield,while grain number per ear and 1 000-grain weight also contributed to grain yield,especially when soil water storage was high.Our results indicate that sowing date and seeding rate affect grain yield through seedling development before winter and also affect soil water consumption in different growth periods.By selecting the suitable sowing date(1 October) in combination with the proper seeding rate of 90 kg ha–1,the best yield was achieved.Based on these results,we recommend that the current sowing date be delayed from 22 or 23 September to 1 October. | REN Ai-xia SUN Min WANG Pei-ru XUE Ling-zhu LEI Miao-miao XUE Jian-fu GAO Zhi-qiang YANG Zhen-ping | 2019 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2019，18，1： | 17 |
| 3 | THE NP-HARDNESS OF THE SINGLE MACHINE COMMON DUE DATE WEIGHTED TARDINESS PROBLEM显示文摘In this paper we prove that the single machine common due dateweighted tardiness problem is NP-hard. | YUAN Jinjiang (Department of Mathematics,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450052,China) | 1992 | Systems Science and Mathematical Sciences1992，5，4： | 10 |
| 4 | Gene diagnosis and targeted breeding for blast-resistant Kongyu 131without changing regional adaptability显示文摘The fungus Magnaporthe oryzae threatens the rice production of Kongyu 131 (KY131),a leading japonica variety in Northeast China.In this study,two rice lines,KP1 and KP2-Hd1,were obtained by introgressing the blast resistance genes Pi1 and Pi2 into KY131,respectively.However,both lines headed later than KY131.RICE60K SNP array analysis showed that Hd1 closely linked to Pi2 was introgressed into KP2-Hd1,and the linkage drag of Hd1 was broken by recombination.On the other hand,no known flowering genes were introgressed into KP1.Gene diagnosis by resequencing six flowering genes showed that KP1 carried functional Hd16 and Ghd8 alleles.Due to its suppression role in heading under long-day conditions,Ghd8 was chosen as the target for gene editing to disrupt its function.Four sgRNAs targeting different sites within Ghd8 were utilized to induce large-deletion mutations,which were easy to detect via agarose gel electrophoresis.All the ghd8-mutated KP1 lines were resistant to rice blast disease and headed earlier than the control KP1,even than KY131,under natural long-day conditions,which ensures its growth in Northeast China.This study confirmed that a combination of gene diagnosis and targeted gene editing is a highly efficient way to quickly eliminate undesired traits in a breeding line. | Xiangchun Zhou Gonghao Jiang Longwei Yang Lei Qiu Ping He Chunxiao Nong Yunyue Wang Yuqing He Yongzhong Xing | 2018 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2018，45，10： | 7 |
| 5 | 基于Oracle Data Guard的容灾策略设计与实现显示文摘本文阐述了Oracle中DataGuard技术,讨论了如何利用DataGuard技术来实现数据容灾备份,并给出了详细的实现方法。 | 黄剑 | 2006 | 科技广场2006，，11： | 6 |
| 6 | 三个细节体现出Unix操作系统的安全性显示文摘Unix操作系统的安全性是众所周知的。但是如果要你说出Unix系统到底安全在哪里,估计也没有人能够说出一个所以然来。
一、同一个命令不同用户不同的权限
Date命令是Unix系统的一个常用命令,显示系统的日期与时间。但是不同的用户角色其具有不同的功能。如果是系统管理员用户,则可以通过这个命令来更改系统时间。 | 风雷 | 2009 | 网络与信息2009，，12： | 6 |
| 7 | LSTM Based Reserve Prediction for Bank Outlets显示文摘Reserve allocation is a significant problem faced by commercial banking businesses every day. To satisfy the cash requirement of customers and abate the vault cash pressure, commercial banks need to appropriately allocate reserves for each bank outlet. Excessive reserve would impact the revenue of bank outlets. Low reserves cannot guarantee the successful operation of bank outlets. Considering the reserve requirement is effected by the past cash balance, we deal the reserve allocation problem as a time series prediction problem, and the Long Short Time Memory(LSTM) network is adapted to solve it. In addition, the proposed LSTM prediction model regards date property, which can affect the cash balance, as a primary factor. The experiment results show that our method outperforms some existing traditional methods. | Yu Liu Shuting Dong Mingming Lu Jianxin Wang | 2019 | Tsinghua Science and Technology2019，24，1： | 5 |
| 8 | 电商技术、流通组织与零售业态升级显示文摘在经济新常态、供给侧结构性改革背景下,零售业开启了转型升级之路,'新零售'概念的提出更是引发了零售业态的变革理念。探索以顾客为中心的零售新业态、推进零售业升级已成为当前商业发展必然趋势。本文以产业融合理论为视角剖析零售业融合发展的内在机理,构建Panel Date模型深层次分析制约零售业态转型的原因。结论显示,电子商务技术发展、互联网普及率、流通组织结构能够显著促进零售业态升级,而外资企业进驻加剧了零售业市场竞争,对整体盈利水平的提升呈现反向作用,但随时间的推移,影响趋于平稳。据此,进一步提出促进零售业态升级、提升顾客价值体验的具体建议。 | 杨念 王蔚宇 杨孟阳 | 2019 | 商业经济研究2019，，9： | 5 |
| 9 | Robust single machine scheduling problem with uncertain job due dates for industrial mass production显示文摘The single machine scheduling problem which involves uncertain job due dates is one of the most important issues in the real make-to-order environment. To deal with the uncertainty, this paper establishes a robust optimization model by minimizing the maximum tardiness in the worst case scenario over all jobs. Unlike the traditional stochastic programming model which requires exact distributions, our model only needs the information of due date intervals. The worst case scenario for a given sequence that belongs to a set containing only n scenarios is proved, where n is the number of jobs. Then, the model is simplified and reformulated as an equivalent mixed 0-1 integer linear programming(MILP) problem. To solve the MILP problems efficiently, a heuristic approach is proposed based on a robust dominance rule. The experimental results show that the proposed method has the advantages of robustness and high calculating efficiency, and it is feasible for large-scale problems. | YUE Fan SONG Shiji JIA Peng WU Guangping ZHAO Han | 2020 | Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics2020，31，2： | 4 |
| 10 | ASAR波模式数据反演参数误差与海浪条纹清晰度的相关性分析显示文摘欧洲环境卫星-高级合成孔径雷达(Environmental Satellite-Advanced Synthetic ApertureRadar,Envisat-ASAR)波模式数据提供了全球风、浪要素信息,在海浪模式预报与同化方面有重要作用。该数据合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像普遍存在海浪条纹清晰度不同的现象,但是否影响数据精度尚无定论。本文通过比较2010年NODC(the National Oceanographic Date Center)浮标观测数据和波模式数据,发现经过官方修正后的海浪参数反而具有更大误差。进而通过对比不同条纹清晰度的SAR图像反演参数误差,揭示了ASAR产品海浪参数与浮标测量值之间的误差与海浪条纹清晰度的关系。结果表明:海浪条纹清晰的SAR图像的主波波长和主波周期的反演误差更小,而条纹不清晰SAR图像的有效波高和风速的反演误差更小。通过分析海浪参数对海浪条纹清晰度的敏感性,证实了有效波高和方位向截断波长对SAR图像条纹清晰度的响应最好,波陡次之,与卫星飞行方位角和入射角无关。因此,在反演和修正SAR波模式数据时,考虑图像的条纹清晰度,将会有效提高反演数据的精度。该研究可为高分三号等卫星的波模式数据波浪要素反演精度的提升提供有价值的参考。 | 曹川川 孙建 张文清 | 2019 | 海洋与湖沼2019，50，4： | 4 |
| 11 | 不同信息管理系统间数据集成的研究与实现显示文摘早期信息管理系统间数据无法共享,即所谓的'信息孤岛'现象是数字化校园建设需要解决的一个重要问题。现主要阐述了如何利用Oracle数据整合工具(ODI)来规划数据集成项目结构和对各种信息管理系统的数据库(包括异构数据库)进行数据交换和集成,从而达到不同管理系统数据库间的信息同步和共享。 | 练亚雄 | 2012 | 上海应用技术学院学报(自然科学版)2012，12，3： | 3 |
| 12 | The date of last large eruption of Changbaishan-Tianchi volcano and its significance显示文摘The systematical 14 C age of a large gagatite, which has been found in the pumiceous airfall deposits of the last large eruption of Changbaishan\|Tianchi volcano, is dated from its centre to its edge. By fitting the 14 C age with the high precise calibrated curve of tree ring, it is concluded that the date of the last large eruption is (1215±15)AD. In addition, the climatic effects of that large eruption are also discussed, pointing out that the last large eruption probably corresponds to the sulfuric acid peak at (1227±2)AD in GISP2 Greenland ice core. | 刘若新 仇士华 蔡莲珍 魏海泉 杨清福 冼自强 薄官成 钟建 | 1998 | Science China Earth Sciences1998，41，1： | 3 |
| 13 | Effect of Different Sowing Dates in South Henan 's Rice-growing Areas on the Growth and Yield of Ratoon Rice显示文摘In order to determine the optimal sowing date of ratoon rice in South Henan's rice-growing areas,this paper performs a comparative analysis of rice growth process,seedling quality and yield of first season rice and ratoon rice under different sowing date treatments. The results show that under climatic conditions( 2014),by using dry seedling cultivation in a small plastic shed,the growth of seedling sown on February21 was affected,while the sowing treatments from March 1 to April 11 can breed normal seedlings,and in this period,the maturity period of first season rice was delayed with prolonged sowing date,and ratoon rice yield declined with prolonged sowing date( total production of rice sown on 11 March reaching a peak). Thus,it is considered that the optimal sowing date of ratoon rice in South Henan's rice-growing areas is mid-March. | Xiangchen LIU Daqing FENG Guilong YU Haiying ZHAO Li QIAO Yanting LI Xuejun FAN Mingcheng LIU Qiuju ZHANG | 2016 | Asian Agricultural Research2016，8，2： | 3 |
| 14 | Comparative transcriptome analysis identifies differentially expressed genes between normal and late-blooming Siberian apricot显示文摘Blooming date is an important trait in fruit tree species.Although several quantitative trait loci confirming blooming date were identified in Prunus spp.,the molecular mechanism underlying it remains unclear.Arising from this,the transcriptomes of normal blooming and lateblooming Siberian apricot(P.sibirica L.)flower buds were analyzed using RNA-seq technology.A total of 68,855 unigenes were de novo assembled,among which 1204 were differentially expressed between normal and late blooming.Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that biological processes were enriched with metabolic processes.The catalytic-related gene transcripts between the two types of blooming were significantly changed in the molecular function.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis showed that 156 genes were successfully annotated and 75 pathways enriched.Genes for gibberellin biosynthesis were up-regulated in normal blooming,whereas abscisic acid degradation-related genes were also up-regulated in normal blooming.Moreover,circadian rhythms related genes including EARLY FLOWERING 4,LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL and CIRCANDIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED1 were all up-regulated in normal blooming,indicating that circadian rhythms have a very important role in controlling blooming date.Furthermore,zinc finger protein CONSTANS-LIKE 12 was blasted onto the quantitative trait loci region on linkage group 4 in peach.However,changes in the abundance of key flowering genes such as SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1,FLOWERING LOCU T,LEAFY and FLOWERING LOCUS C were not significantly different,indicating that further investigation should explore the function of these genes on blooming date.The outcomes of this study will provide a valuable platform for further research on the molecular mechanism of blooming date in Prunus. | Zhe Wang Shuang Song Songbai Sheng Ju Tian Rongling Wu Xiaoming Pang | 2019 | Journal of Forestry Research2019，30，6： | 3 |
| 15 | Phoenix phylogeny, and analysis of genetic variation in a diverse collection of date palm(Phoenix dactylifera) and related species显示文摘Date palm(Phoenix dactylifera),one of the most ancient crops,is grown commercially in>30 countries.Using whole plastome assemblies,phylogenetic analyses revealed that cultivated date palm accessions share the same clade with Phoenix sylvestris,Phoenix pusilla and Phoenix acaulis,which are native to the Indian subcontinent,and Phoenix caespitosa that is native to the Arabian Peninsula and the deserts of Somalia.Analysis of genetic diversity and genetic relationships among date palm accessions from 13 producing countries involved 195 date palm accessions that were genotyped at 19 microsatellite loci.Extensive genetic diversity was observed,with many accessions heterozygous for most markers in this clonally propagated crop.The average number of alleles per locus(42.1),expected heterozygosity(0.8),observed heterozygosity(0.47)and fixation indices(FST=0.42)demonstrated substantial genetic diversity and population structure.Iraqi accessions were found to have the richest allelic diversity,and the most private alleles.The model-based Bayesian method indicated that these accessions could be broadly divided into two structure groups,one group with predominantly African accessions and another predominantly Asian.Some germplasm,especially from Tunisia and Iraq,deviated from this generalization.Many accessions in the STRUCTURE-derived groups were found to be genetic admixtures,with gene flow between Asian and African groups.Indian and Pakistani date palms were found to be most closely related to North African germplasm. | Srinivasa R.Chaluvadi Porter Young Kentrez Thompson Bochra Amina Bahri Bhavesh Gajera Subhash Narayanan Robert Krueger Jeffrey L.Bennetzen | 2019 | Plant Diversity2019，41，5： | 3 |
| 16 | 基于VB的文档管理系统的设计与实现显示文摘本文介绍了基于VB的文档管理系统的设计与实现。着重阐述了ADODate控件以及如何与本地和远程数据库进行连接等问题。 | 刘艳菊 陈伟 耿蕊 | 2004 | 齐齐哈尔大学学报(自然科学版)2004，20，3： | 2 |
| 17 | Single machine stochastic JIT scheduling problem subject to machine breakdowns显示文摘In this paper we research the single machine stochastic JIT scheduling problem subject to the machine breakdowns for preemptive-resume and preemptive-repeat.The objective function of the problem is the sum of squared deviations of the job-expected completion times from the due date.For preemptive-resume,we show that the optimal sequence of the SSDE problem is V-shaped with respect to expected processing times.And a dynamic programming algorithm with the pseudopolynomial time complexity is given.We discuss the difference between the SSDE problem and the ESSD problem and show that the optimal solution of the SSDE problem is a good approximate optimal solution of the ESSD problem,and the optimal solution of the SSDE problem is an optimal solution of the ESSD problem under some conditions.For preemptive-repeat,the stochastic JIT scheduling problem has not been solved since the variances of the completion times cannot be computed.We replace the ESSD problem by the SSDE problem.We show that the optimal sequence of the SSDE problem is V-shaped with respect to the expected occupying times.And a dynamic programming algorithm with the pseudopolynomial time complexity is given.A new thought is advanced for the research of the preemptive-repeat stochastic JIT scheduling problem. | TANG HengYong ZHAO ChuanLi CHENG CongDian | 2008 | Science China Mathematics2008，51，2： | 2 |
| 18 | Scheduling jobs on a machine subject to stochastic breakdowns to minimize absolute early-tardy penalties显示文摘This article addresses the problem of scheduling n jobs with a common due date on a machine subject to stochastic breakdowns to minimize absolute early-tardy penalties.We investigate the problem under the conditions that the uptimes follow an exponential distribution,and the objective measure in detail is to minimize the expected sum of the absolute deviations of completion times from the common due date.We proceed to study in two versions (the downtime follows an exponential distribution or is a constant entailed for the repeat model job),one of which is the so-called preempt- resume version,the other of which is the preempt-repeat version.Three terms of work have been done.(i)Formulations and Preliminaries.A few of necessary definitions,relations and basic facts are established.In particular,the conclusion that the expectation of the absolute deviation of the completion time about a job with deterministic processing time t from a due date is a semi-V-shape function in t has been proved.(ii) Properties of Optimal Solutions.A few characteristics of optimal solutions are established.Most importantly,the conclusion that optimal solutions possess semi-V- shape property has been proved.(iii) Algorithm.Some computing problems on searching for optimal solutions are discussed. | CHENG CongDian TANG HengYong ZHAO ChuanLi | 2008 | Science China Mathematics2008，51，5： | 2 |
| 19 | Genetic effects and plant architecture influences on outcrossing rate in soybean显示文摘Outcrossing rate is an important determinant of cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS)breeding and hybrid seed production for heterosis in soybean.Parental lines with a high outcrossing rate were screened for backcross breeding to obtain the high outcrossing rate maintenance B-lines and sterile A-lines.Application in production practices will help to increase hybrid soybean production.In this study,JLCMS82B and JLCMS89B were selected as parents for the construction of outcrossing rate segregation populations,and the progeny-array approach(PAA)and glyphosate resistant gene markers were used to determine outcrossing rates.We found that:(1)The outcrossing rate between JLCMS82B and JLCMS89B was significantly different;(2)the outcrossing rate of the F2 segregating populations was a quantitative trait,though whether an additive or epistatic effect exists required analysis with a triple test intersection analysis;(3)agronomic traits correlated with outcrossing rate;outcrossing rate was the highest with plant height of about 84 cm,lower number of plant branches,earlier flowering time,larger angle between the branches and the main stem,and with more divergent plant morphology.Correlation analysis between agronomic traits and outcrossing rate can effectively guide the screening of parents with a high outcrossing rate. | YAN Hao ZHANG Jing-yong ZHANG Chun-bao PENG Bao ZHANG Wei-long WANG Peng-nian DING Xiao-yang LIU Bao-hui FENG Xian-zhong ZHAO Li-mei | 2019 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2019，18，9： | 2 |
| 20 | Evaluation of the CROPGRO-Peanut model in simulating appropriate sowing date and phosphorus fertilizer application rate for peanut in a subtropical region of eastern India显示文摘Projected changes in weather parameters, mainly temperature and rainfall, have already started to show their effect on agricultural production. To cope with the changing scenarios, adoption of appropriate management strategies is of paramount importance. A study was undertaken to evaluate the most appropriate combination of sowing date and phosphorus fertilization level for peanut crops grown in sandy loam soil in a subhumid region of eastern India. Field experiments were conducted during the summer seasons of 2012 and 2013 on peanut crops at the farm of the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur. The DSSAT v4.5 CROPGRO-Peanut model was used to predict the phenology, growth, and yield of peanut crop under combinations of four sowing dates and four phosphorus fertilization levels. The model was calibrated with a 2012 dataset of growth, phenology, and yield parameters for estimating the genetic coefficients of cultivar TMV-2 and was validated with a 2013 dataset of the same parameters. Simulations of pod yield and other yield parameters using the calibrated model were found to be quite accurate. The model was able to reasonably simulate pod yield and final biomass with low normalized root mean square error (RMSE_n), low absolute root mean square error (RMSE_a) and high coefficient of determination (R^2> 0.7) over a wide range of sowing dates and different phosphorus fertilization levels sensitivity analysis indicated that sowing from the second week of January to the end of February with 30–50 kg P_2O_5 ha^(-1)would give the highest pod yield. | Debjani Halder Rabindra Kumar Panda Rajiv Kumar Srivastava Shyamal Kheroar | 2017 | The Crop Journal2017，5，4： | 1 |
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