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| 1 | Coordinated optimal dispatch and market equilibrium of integrated electric power and natural gas networks with P2G embedded显示文摘As power to gas(P2 G) technology gradually matures, the coupling between electricity networks and natural gas networks should ideally evolve synergistically.With the intent of characterizing market behaviors of integrated electric power and natural gas networks(IPGNs)with P2 G facilities, this paper establishes a steady-state model of P2 G and constructs optimal dispatch models of an electricity network and a natural gas network separately. In addition, a concept of slack energy flow(SEF) is proposed as a tool for coordinated optimal dispatch between the two networks. To study how the market pricing mechanism affects coordinated optimal dispatch in an IPGN, a market equilibrium-solving model for an IPGN is constructed according to game theory, with a solution based on the Nikaido-Isoda function. Case studies are conducted on a joint model that combines the modified IEEE 118-node electricity network and the Belgian 20-node gas network.The results show that if the game between an electric power company and a natural gas company reaches market equilibrium, not only can both companies maximize their profits, but also the coordinated operation of the coupling units, i.e., gas turbines and P2 G facilities, will contribute more to renewable energy utilization and carbon emission reduction. | Zexing CHEN Yongjun ZHANG Tianyao JI Zexiang CAI Licheng LI Zhiheng XU | 2018 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2018，6，3： | 37 |
| 2 | The Queue Length Distribution for M/G/1 Queue with Delay Single Server Vacation | TANG Ying\|hui,\ TANG Xiao\|woSichuan University, Chengdu 610064 University of Electronic Science & Technology of China, Chengdu 610054 | 2000 | Systems Science and Systems Engineering2000，10，2： | 16 |
| 3 | Lattice Boltzmann model for combustion and detonation显示文摘In this paper we present a lattice Boltzmann model for combustion and detonation. In this model tile fluid behavior is described by a finite-difference lattice Boltzmann model by Gan et al. [Physica A, 2008. 387: 1721]. The chemical reaction is described by the Lee Tarver model [Phys. Fluids, 1980, 23: 2362]. The reaction heat is naturally coupled with the flow behavior. Due to the separation of time scales in the chemical and thermodynamic processes, a key technique for a successful simulation is to use the operator-splitting scheme. The new model is verified and validated by well-known benchmark tests. As a specific application of the new model, we studied the simple steady detonation phenomenon. To show the merit of LB model over the traditional ones, we focus on the reaction zone to study the non-equilibrium effects. It is interesting to find that, at the yon Neumann peak, the system is nearly in its thermodynamic equilibrium. At the two sides of the yon Neumann peak, the system deviates from its equilibrium in opposite directions. In the front of von Neumann peak, due to the strong compression from the reaction product behind the von Neumann peak, the system experiences a sudden deviation from thermodynamic equilibrium. Behind the von Neumann peak, the release of chemical energy results in thermal expansion of the matter within the reaction zone, which drives the system to deviate the thermodynamic equilibrium in the opposite direction. From the deviation from thermodynamic equilibrium, △m^*, defined in this paper, one can understand more on the macroscopic effects of the system due to the deviation from its thermodynamic equilibrium. | Bo Yan Ai-Guo Xu Guang-Cai Zhang Yang-Jun Ying Hua Li | 2013 | Frontiers of physics2013，8，1： | 14 |
| 4 | Optimization model and algorithm for mixed traffic of urban road network with flow interference显示文摘In this paper,the problem of interferences between motors and non-motors in urban road mixed traffic network is considered and the corresponding link impedance function is presented based on travel demand.On the base of this,the main factors that influence travelers' traffic choices are all considered and a combined model including flow-split and assignment problem is proposed.Then a bilevel model with its algorithm for system optimization of urban road mixed traffic network is proposed.Finally the application of the model and its algorithm is illus-trated with a numerical example. | SI BingFeng,LONG JianCeng & GAO ZiYou State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China | 2008 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2008，51，12： | 13 |
| 5 | Equilibrium dialysis study on the interaction between Cu(Ⅱ) and HSA or BSA显示文摘The interaction of Cu(Ⅱ) and human serum albumin (HSA) or bovine serum albumin (BSA) at physiological pH is studied by equilibrium dialysis. The successive stability constants are obtained by non-linear least square methods fitting Bjerrum formula. For both the Cu(Ⅱ)-HSA and Cu(Ⅱ)-BSA systems, the order of magnitude of K 1 and K 2 was found to be ≈10 4 mol -1·dm 3. There are about twenty stoichiometry binding sites found in one HSA or BSA molecule. They can be divided into two or three sets. Results of equilibrium dialysis experiments suggest that there exists one strong metal binding site in both Cu(Ⅱ)-HSA and Cu(Ⅱ)-BSA. It is the imidazol group nitrogen atoms of His 3 that are primarily concerned with copper binding site. After reaching dialysis equilibrium, there is the interaction among the different binding sites, the values of K all deviate from the simple statistical effect except for K-1 and K-2 in both Cu(Ⅱ)-HSA and Cu(Ⅱ)-BSA systems, and the positive cooperative effect is found. | LIANG Hong 1, XIN Bengang 1, WANG Xiujian 1, YUAN Yuzhou 1, ZHOU Yongqia 2 and SHEN Panwen 2 1. Department of Chemistry, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China 2. Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China | 1998 | Chinese Science Bulletin1998，43，5： | 10 |
| 6 | ON GLOBAL ROBUST STABILITY FOR INTERVAL HOPFIELD NEURAL NETWORKS WITH TIME DELAY显示文摘The theorem obtained by Liao was not true (see [2]). So, this paper presents some criteria of global robust stability for interval Hopfield neural networks with time delay. The methods to judge the robust stability are practical and easily verifiable. | 王林山 高玉英 | 2003 | Annals of Differential Equations2003，19，3： | 9 |
| 7 | Reaction kinetics modeling for lithium and cobalt recovery from spent lithium-ion batteries using acetic acid显示文摘Lithium and cobalt recovery from spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) is a major focus because of their increased production and usage. The conventional method for recycling spent LIBs using inorganic acids produces harmful byproducts. In this work, the leaching agent was substituted with a less expensive and more environmentally friendly alternative—acetic acid—and a mathematical model was developed to describe the kinetics of the recovery process. The variables used were the pH value, temperature, H_2O_2 concentration, and the solid-to-liquid(S/L) ratio. The mathematical model used was the shrinking core model, which was modified to accommodate an equilibrium reaction. The experimental results show that the rate of recovery of Li and Co over time was only affected by temperature. The leaching behaviors of Li and Co were found to oppose each other. An increase in temperature resulted in increased recovery of Li but decreased recovery of Co because of the product-favoring endothermic reaction of Li and the reactant-favoring exothermic reaction of Co. The product of Li has a lower entropy value than the reactant as a free-moving ion, whereas the product of Co leaching has a higher entropy value as a stiff crystal complex. Thus, temperature conditioning is a pivotal factor in the leaching of spent LIBs. | Hendrik Setiawan Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Petrus Indra Perdana | 2019 | International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials2019，26，1： | 9 |
| 8 | 地幔岩矿物压力计评述显示文摘适用于地幔岩石的矿物压力计有石榴石-斜方辉石压力计、石榴石-单斜辉石压力计、橄榄石-单斜辉石压力计、铬尖晶石压力计、二辉石压力计等有限几类。本文通过将这些压力计应用于岩石学相平衡实验数据,检验了其精确度。再将它们应用到天然地幔岩石样品,包括石榴石相二辉橄榄岩、尖晶石相二辉橄榄岩、石榴石-尖晶石过渡相二辉橄榄岩、含金刚石和石墨的地幔岩石,检验了其准确度。初步结论是,现有的石榴石-斜方辉石压力计(Nickel and Green,1985;Taylor,1998;Breyet al.,2008)质量相对最优,石榴石-单斜辉石压力计(Nimis and Taylor,2000;Simakov and Taylor,2000)次之。在应用这些压力计时,可配合二辉石温度计(Brey et al.,1990;Taylor,1998)或石榴石-橄榄石温度计(Wu and Zhao,2007),来同时估算平衡压力和温度。其余的压力计精确度和准确度都还很不够,需要更精确深入的实验研究来标定质量优良的压力计。 | 吴春明 | 2009 | 岩石学报2009，25，9： | 9 |
| 9 | Dynamics modeling and control of large transport aircraft in heavy cargo extraction显示文摘In this paper,a novel version of six-degree-of-freedom nonlinear model for transport aircraft motion in cargo extraction is developed and validated by the theoretical mechanics and flight mechanics.In this model constraint force and moment reflecting the flight dynamic effects of inner moving cargo are formulated.A methodology for a control law design in this phase is presented,which linearizes the aircraft dynamics making use of piecewise linearization and utilizes robust control technique for interval system to achieve specified handling qualities with robustness to uncertainties.The simulations demonstrate adequate effectiveness and excellent robustness of the proposed controller. | Feng, Yanli Shi, Zhongke Tang, Wei | 2011 | 控制理论与应用(英文版)2011，9，2： | 9 |
| 10 | Typomorphism of the {211}-type zircon显示文摘A natural {211}-type zircon has been first dis-covered in the Pingtan gabbro in the Fujian Province, which is a new type of morphology reported in magmatic zircons. Investigation of morphology and trace-element chemistry shows two distinct growth stages, Stage 1 and Stage 2. The {211}-type zircon is the earliest crystallized phase of Stage 1 zircon. The low Hf contents and extreme depletion in U, Th and Y indicate that Stage 1 zircon was approximately in equilibration with melt during the crystallization, so that they are regarded as crystallized phase in deeper magmatic chamber. The Zr-saturated gabbroic magma is demonstrated to be derived from mantle magmas by differentiation. The magma differentiation and zircon crystallization at the lower crust level indicate the existence of underplating of mantle magma beneath this area, which results in strong magmatic activities in the late Mesozoic. | WANG Xiang LI Wuxian | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002，47，2： | 8 |
| 11 | Effect of rock mass structure and block size on the slope stability——Physical modeling and discrete element simulation显示文摘This paper studies the stability of jointed rock slopes by using our improved three-dimensional discrete element methods (DEM) and physical modeling. Results show that the DEM can simulate all failure modes of rock slopes with different joint configurations. The stress in each rock block is not homogeneous and blocks rotate in failure development. Failure modes depend on the configuration of joints. Toppling failure is observed for the slope with straight joints and sliding failure is observed for the slope with staged joints. The DEM results are also compared with those of limit equilibrium method (LEM). Without considering the joints in rock masses, the LEM predicts much higher factor of safety than physical modeling and DEM. The failure mode and factor of safety predicted by the DEM are in good agreement with laboratory tests for any jointed rock slope. | LI Shihai1, LIAN Zhenzhong1,2 & J. G. Wang3 1. Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China 2. Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100060, China 3. Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260 | 2005 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2005，48，z1： | 8 |
| 12 | Application of vacuum distillation in refining crude indium显示文摘Vacuum distillation is a technique suitable for low boiling and melting point materials,to remove the heavy and low vapor pressure impurities at low level.As indium has low melting point and high boiling point,it is suitable for refining by vacuum distillation.First,saturation vapor pressure for major elements in crude indium was calculated by the Clausius–Clay Prang equation,which could approximately predict the temperature and pressure during vacuum distillation process.Second,the activity coefficients for In–Cd,In–Zn,In–Pb,In–Tl at 1373 K,and In–Sn at 1573 K were acquired by means of molecular interaction on volume model.Vapor–liquid equilibrium composition diagrams of those above systems in crude indium were drawn based on activity coefficients.These diagrams could estimate the compositions of products in each process during the refinement of crude indium.Finally,1.2–1.6 ton crude indium was used per day when vacuum distillation experiments were carried out,and experimental results are in good agreement with the predicted values of the vapor–liquid equilibrium composition diagrams. | Wen-Long Jiang Yong Deng Bin Yang Da-Chun Liu Yong-Nian Dai Bao-Qiang Xu | 2013 | Rare Metals2013，32，6： | 8 |
| 13 | Numerical Analysis of Wellbore Instability in Gas Hydrate Formation During Deep-Water Drilling显示文摘Gas hydrate formation may be encountered during deep-water drilling because of the large amount and wide distribution of gas hydrates under the shallow seabed of the South China Sea. Hydrates are extremely sensitive to temperature and pressure changes, and drilling through gas hydrate formation may cause dissociation of hydrates, accompanied by changes in wellbore temperatures, pore pressures, and stress states, thereby leading to wellbore plastic yield and wellbore instability. Considering the coupling effect of seepage of drilling fluid into gas hydrate formation, heat conduction between drilling fluid and formation, hydrate dissociation, and transformation of the formation framework, this study established a multi-field coupling mathematical model of the wellbore in the hydrate formation. Furthermore, the influences of drilling fluid temperatures, densities, and soaking time on the instability of hydrate formation were calculated and analyzed. Results show that the greater the temperature difference between the drilling fluid and hydrate formation is, the faster the hydrate dissociates, the wider the plastic dissociation range is, and the greater the failure width becomes. When the temperature difference is greater than 7℃, the maximum rate of plastic deformation around the wellbore is more than 10%, which is along the direction of the minimum horizontal in-situ stress and associated with instability and damage on the surrounding rock. The hydrate dissociation is insensitive to the variation of drilling fluid density, thereby implying that the change of the density of drilling fluids has a minimal effect on the hydrate dissociation. Drilling fluids that are absorbed into the hydrate formation result in fast dissociation at the initial stage. As time elapses, the hydrate dissociation slows down, but the risk of wellbore instability is aggravated due to the prolonged submersion in drilling fluids. For the sake of the stability of the wellbore in deep-water drilling through hydrate formation, the drilling fluid with low temperatures should be given priority. The drilling process should be kept under balanced pressures, and the drilling time should be shortened. | ZHANG Huaiwen CHENG Yuanfang LI Qingchao YAN Chuanliang HAN Xiuting | 2018 | Journal of Ocean University of China2018，17，1： | 8 |
| 14 | Binding equilibrium study of phosphotungstic acid and HSA or BSA with UV spectrum, fluorescence spectrum and equilibrium dialysis显示文摘The binding equilibrium between phosphotungstic acid (H7[P(W2O7)6]@XH2O;PTA) and human serum albumin (HSA) or bovine serum albumin (BSA) has been studied by UV-Vis, fluorescence spectroscopies and equilibrium dialysis. It has been observed that UV absorption enhanced and the fluorescence quenched as the PTA binding to HSA or BSA at physiological pH 7.43( ± 0.02). The Scatchard analysis indicated that there exists a strong binding site of PTA in both HSA and BSA, and the successive stability constants of these two systems are obtained by nonlinear least-squares methods fitting Bjerrum formula. | 黄瑾 袁余洲 梁宏 | 2002 | Science China Chemistry2002，45，2： | 7 |
| 15 | A Nonlinear Age-Structured Forest EvolutionSystem | WANG Dingjiang(Pingdingshan Teacher’s College,Henan,467000,P.R.C) | 1994 | Systems Science and Systems Engineering1994，4，4： | 7 |
| 16 | Characterization of Metal Oxide-modified Walnut-shell Activated Carbon and Its Application for Phosphine Adsorption: Equilibrium, Regeneration, and Mechanism Studies显示文摘We prepared a kind of metal oxide-modified walnut-shell activated carbon(MWAC) by KOH chemical activation method and used for PH_3 adsorption removal. Meanwhile, the PH_3 adsorption equilibrium was investigated experimentally and fitted by the Toth equation, and the isosteric heat of PH_3 adsorption was calculated by the Clausius-Clapeyron Equation. The exhausted MWAC was regenerated by water washing and air drying. Moreover, the properties of five different samples were characterized by N_2 adsorption isotherm, SEM/EDS, XPS, and FTIR. The results showed that the maximum PH_3 equilibrium adsorption capacity was 595.56 mg/g. The MWAC had an energetically heterogeneous surface due to values of isosteric heat of adsorption ranging from 43 to 90 kJ/mol. The regeneration method provided an effective way for both adsorption species recycling and exhausted carbon regeneration. The high removal efficiency and big equilibrium adsorption capacity for PH_3 adsorption on the MWAC were related to its large surface area and high oxidation activity in PH_3 adsorption-oxidation to H_3 PO_4 and P_2 O_5. Furthermore, a possible PH_3 adsorption mechanism was proposed. | 余琼粉 LI Ming NING Ping 易红宏 TANG Xiaolong | 2019 | Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)2019，34，2： | 7 |
| 17 | Equilibrium equations for nonlinear buckling analysis of drill-strings in 3D curved well-bores显示文摘With the development of drilling technology, the oil/gas well has evolved from its early vertical straight form to the inclined, horizontal, plane curved, or even 3D curved well-bore. Understanding of the buck- ling behavior of a drill-string in a well-bore is crucial for the success of a drilling operation. Therefore, equilibrium equations for analyzing the buckling behavior of a drill-string in a 3D curved well-bore are required. Based on Love’s equilibrium equations for a curved and twisted rod in space, a set of equi- librium equations for the nonlinear buckling analysis of a drill-string in a 3D curved well-bore are de- rived by introducing a radial constraint of the well-bore. The proposed formulae can account for the well curvature and tortuosity. Thus, it can be used to analyze the buckling behaviors of a drill-string constrained in a well-bore and subjected to axial compression, torsion at its upper end, and gravity simultaneously. It is worth noting that the existing equations in the literature for a drill-string in a straight and plane curved well-bore with a constant curvature are a special case of the proposed model. Thus, the present model can provide a theoretical basis for the nonlinear buckling analysis of a drill-string constrained in a 3D curved well-bore. | TAN MeiLan1 & GAN LiFei2 1 Faculty of Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China 2 94973 Unit in Hangzhou of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310021, China | 2009 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2009，52，3： | 7 |
| 18 | Sediment transport capacity of hyperconcentrated flow显示文摘As one of the most important components of river mechanics,sediment transport capacity of sediment-laden flows has attracted much attention from many researchers working on river mechanics and hydraulic engineering. Based on the time-averaged equation for a turbulent energy equilibrium in solid and liquid two-phase flow,an expression for the efficiency coefficient of suspended load movement was derived for the two-dimensional,steady,uniform,fully-developed turbulent flow. A new structural expression of sediment transport capacity was achieved. Using 115 runs of flume experimental data,which were obtained through two kinds of sediment transport experiments in the state of equilibrium,in combination with the basic rheological and sediment transporting characteristics of hyperconcentrated flow,the main parameters in the structural expression of sediment transport capacity were calibrated,and a new formula of sediment transport capacity for hyperconcentrated flow was developed. A large amount of field data from the Yellow River,Wuding River,and Yangtze River,etc. were adopted to verify the new formula and good agreement was obtained. These results above contribute to an improved theoretical system of river mechanics and a reliable tool for management of rivers carrying high concentration of sediments. | SHU AnPing1,2 & FEI XiangJun2 1 School of Environment & Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences,Ministry of Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China 2 State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China | 2008 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2008，51，8： | 7 |
| 19 | Synthesis of low-cost porous ceramic microspheres from waste gangue for dye adsorption显示文摘Low-cost porous ceramic microspheres from waste gangue were prepared by simple spray drying and subsequent calcination. Effects of calcination temperature on phase and microstructure evolution, specific surface area, pore structure, and dye adsorption mechanism of the microspheres were investigated systematically. Results showed that the microspheres were spherical, with some mesopores both on the surface and inside the spheres. The phase kept kaolinite after calcined at 800 and 900 ℃ and transformed into mullite at 1000 ℃. The microspheres calcined at 800 ℃ showed larger adsorption capacity and removal efficiency than those calcined at higher temperatures. Methylene blue(MB) and basic fuchsin(BF) removal efficiency reached 100% and 99.9% with the microsphere dosage of 20 g/L, respectively, which was comparable to that of other low-cost waste adsorbents used to remove dyes in the literature. Adsorption kinetics data followed the pseudosecond-order kinetic model, and the isotherm data fit the Langmuir isotherm model. The adsorption process was attributed to multiple adsorption mechanisms including physical adsorption, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interactions between dyes and gangue microspheres. The low-cost porous microspheres with excellent cyclic regeneration properties are promising absorbent for dyes in wastewater filtration and adsorption treatment. | Shu YAN Yiming PAN Lu WANG Jingjing LIU Zaijuan ZHANG Wenlong HUO Jinlong YANG Yong HUANG | 2018 | Journal of Advanced Ceramics2018，7，1： | 6 |
| 20 | Statistical theory for hydrogen bonding fluid system of A_aD_d type (I): The geometrical phase transition显示文摘The influence of hydrogen bonds on the physical and chemical properties of hydrogen bonding fluid system of AaDd type is investigated from two viewpoints by the principle of statistical mechanics. In detail, we proposed two new ways that can be used to obtain the equilibrium size distribution of the hydrogen bonding clusters, and derived the analytical expression of a relationship between the hydrogen bonding free energy and hydrogen bonding degree. For the nonlinear hydrogen bonding systems, it is shown that the sol-gel phase transition can take place under proper conditions, which is further proven to be a kind of geometrical phase transition rather than a thermodynamic one. Moreover, several problems associated with the geometrical phase transition and liquid-solid phase transition in nonlinear hydrogen bonding systems are discussed. | WANG Haijun1,2, HONG Xiaozhong3, GU Fang1 & BA Xinwu1 1. College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China 2. International Center for Materials Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China 3. College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China | 2006 | Science China Chemistry2006，49，6： | 6 |
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