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| 1 | Wheat powdery mildew resistance gene Pm64 derived from wild emmer (Triticum turgidum var.dicoccoides) is tightly linked in repulsion with stripe rust resistance gene Yr5显示文摘Stripe rust and powdery mildew are both devastating diseases for durum and common wheat.Pyramiding of genes conferring resistance to one or more diseases in a single cultivar is an important breeding approach to provide broader spectra of resistances in wheat improvement. A new powdery mildew resistance gene originating from wild emmer(Triticum turgidum var.dicoccoides) backcrossed into common wheat(T. aestivum) line WE35 was identified. It conferred an intermediate level of resistance to Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici isolate E09 at the seedling stage and a high level of resistance at the adult plant stage. Genetic analysis showed that the powdery mildew resistance in WE35 was controlled by a dominant gene designated Pm64. Bulked segregant analysis(BSA) and molecular mapping indicated that Pm64 was located in chromosome bin 2 BL4-0.50–0.89. Polymorphic markers were developed from the corresponding genomic regions of Chinese Spring wheat and wild emmer accession Zavitan to delimit Pm64 to a 0.55 cM genetic interval between markers WGGBH1364 and WGGBH612, corresponding to a 15 Mb genomic region on Chinese Spring and Zavitan 2 BL, respectively. The genetic linkage map of Pm64 is critical for fine mapping and cloning. Pm64 was completely linked in repulsion with stripe rust resistance gene Yr5. Analysis of a larger segregating population might identify a recombinant line with both genes as a valuable resource in breeding for resistance to powdery mildew and stripe rust. | Deyun Zhang Keyu Zhu Lingli Dong Yong Liang Genqiao Li Tilin Fang Guanghao Guo Qiuhong Wu Jingzhong Xie Yongxing Chen Ping Lu Miaomiao Li Huaizhi Zhang Zhenzhong Wang Yan Zhang Qixin Sun Zhiyong Liu | 2019 | The Crop Journal2019，7，6： | 8 |
| 2 | 小麦全蚀病菌原生质体制备的条件及再生菌株的致病性显示文摘分别利用崩溃酶、溶壁酶、纤维素酶和蜗牛酶酶解小麦全蚀病菌,进行原生质体的制备试验.结果显示,4种酶均能消化该菌细胞壁,获得一定数量的原生质体;产生原生质体效率最高的是溶壁酶,该酶在浓度为16 mg/mL时产生的原生质体数量最多,最佳的酶解时间为2~3 h,最适作用温度为28℃.制备的原生质体可以再生并与原始出发菌株具有相同的致病能力. | 张颖 王刚 王美南 | 2005 | 微生物学杂志2005，25，5： | 4 |
| 3 | 木霉菌制剂对禾谷全蚀病的防治作用(英文)显示文摘木霉菌是对多种植物病原真菌有作用的拮抗体,包括Gaeumannomycesgraminisvar.tritici(Ggt),Pythiumspp.,Rhizoctoniasolani以及Fusariumspp.木霉菌能产生抑制植物病原真菌生长与活力的抗菌物质,是理想的植物病害生物防治菌。有效的生物防治方法可为农民提供低风险而又灵活的病害防治措施,特别是在需要减缓病原菌对化学杀菌剂产生抗药性的情况下。本文综合介绍了在南澳大利亚田间进行的利用康宁木霉菌(T.koningii)防治禾谷类根部病害的结果,并重点介绍澳大利亚在商品化开发方面的工作进展。在病害发生严重的情况下,康宁木霉菌可降低小麦全蚀病和丝核菌根腐病发病程度分别达24%和48%。小麦产量增加7%,也能降低大麦丝核菌根腐病发病程度达59%。康宁木霉菌也能够防治由Ceratocystisparadoxa引起的甘蔗凤梨病。 | Rosemary A WARREN Maarten H RYDER | 2005 | 山东科学2005，18，3： | 3 |
| 4 | Chinese wheat mosaic virus: A long-term threat to wheat in China显示文摘In China, a soil-borne virus causing a disease of winter wheat and associated with Polymyxa graminis, has been reported for many years and is now recognized as a new species, Chinese wheat mosaic virus(CWMV). Since the determination of its genomic sequence, more progress has been made in understanding its genomic structure and functions. Molecular and serological methods have been developed to help survey the distribution of the virus and to provide the basic information needed for disease forecasting and control. At present, the best countermeasure is cultivation of resistant wheat varieties. In addition, development and application of some auxiliary countermeasures, such as rotation of non-host crops, delayed seed-sowing, reasonable application of nitrogen fertilizer, and treatment of imported seeds with fungicides before sowing, may be helpful for controlling the disease. The viral distribution and damage, virion properties, genome organization and spontaneous mutation, temperature sensitivity, and disease management options are here reviewed and/or discussed to help in developing more cost-effective countermeasures to control the disease in the future. | GUO Liu-ming HE Jing LI Jing CHEN Jian-ping ZHANG Heng-mu | 2019 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2019，18，4： | 3 |
| 5 | 一株内生细菌EA19的分离鉴定及其对小麦白粉病菌的抑制效果显示文摘从药用植物一年蓬茎组织中分离并筛选获得了1株内生生防细菌EA19。经形态学、生理生化和16 S rRNA编码基因序列分析等实验,EA19与解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)亲缘关系最近。采用菌丝生长速率法对EA19进行了10种植物病原真菌的抑菌活性测定。结果表明,EA19菌体对稻梨孢、镰孢菌、胶孢炭疽菌、稻平脐蠕孢、立枯丝核菌、核盘菌、链格孢和青霉菌等植物病原真菌具有拮抗活性,对稻梨孢和核盘菌的抑制率分别达到96.99%±1.10%和99.16%±0.65%。EA19菌体对小麦白粉病菌(Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici)的分生孢子萌发和吸器形成具有极显著的抑制作用(P<0.01),并导致病菌附着胞发育畸形。 | 曾凡松 向礼波 杨立军 史文琦 汪华 龚双军 张学江 | 2012 | 湖北农业科学2012，51，23： | 3 |
| 6 | Identification of QTL for adult-plant resistance to powdery mildew in Chinese wheat landrace Pingyuan 50显示文摘Powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici is one of the major wheat diseases worldwide. The Chinese wheat landrace Pingyuan 50 has shown adult-plant resistance(APR)to powdery mildew in the field for over 60 years. To dissect the genetic basis of APR to powdery mildew in this cultivar, a mapping population of 137 double haploid(DH) lines derived from Pingyuan 50/Mingxian 169 was evaluated in replicated field trials for two years in Beijing(2009–2010 and 2010–2011) and one year in Anyang(2009–2010). A total of 540 polymorphic SSR markers were genotyped on the entire population for construction of a linkage map and QTL analysis. Three QTL were mapped on chromosomes 2BS(QPm.caas-2BS.2), 3BS(QPm.caas-3BS),and 5AL(QPm.caas-5AL) with the resistance alleles contributed by Pingyuan 50 explaining 5.3%,10.2%, and 9.1% of the phenotypic variances, respectively, and one QTL on chromosome 3BL(QPm.caas-3BL) derived from Mingxian 169 accounting for 18.1% of the phenotypic variance.QPm.caas-3BS, QPm.caas-3BL, and QPm.caas-5AL appear to be new powdery mildew APR loci.QPm.caas-2BS.2 and QPm.caas-5AL are possibly pleiotropic or closely linked resistance loci to stripe rust resistance QTL. Pingyuan 50 could be a potential genetic resource to facilitate breeding for improved APR to both powdery mildew and stripe rust. | Muhammad Azeem Asad Bin Bai Caixia Lan Jun Yan Xianchun Xia Yong Zhang Zhonghu He | 2014 | The Crop Journal2014，2，5： | 2 |
| 7 | Resistance of oat to ‘take-all' causing fungus (Gaeumanno-myces graminis var.tritici)显示文摘Evaluation with the pot assay at seedling stage in greenhouse showed that oat (Arena saliva) was highly resistant to take-all disease to which, however, wheat (Triticum aestivum) was extremely susceptible. The oat roots were shown to be inhibitory to the invasion and spread of take-all causing fungus G. graminis var. tritici by the following criteria: (i) less infection sites were observed (about 1/7 of those in wheat); (ii) the ectotrophic growth of G. graminis var. tritici on oat roots was much slower than that on those of wheat, and the runner hyphae appeared as kidney- or fork-shaped hyphopodia on the surface of oat roots which could not be discerned on that of wheat roots; (iii) the period from inoculation to penetration into the epidermis of oat roots was about 2.9 times as long as that of wheat; (iv) the infection hyphae were hindered substantially when it was about to penetrate into the epidermis of oat roots with the mycelium deformed; and (v) the cortical layer of oat roots was revealed to be | LIU Changhong XUE Yarong SHANG Hongsheng ZHANG Jinli | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，21： | 1 |
| 8 | 转TiERF1-RC7双价基因小麦的鉴定及其全蚀病抗性显示文摘为探讨TiERF1和RC7基因对小麦抗全蚀病的防御反应,本研究对转TiERF1-RC7双价基因小麦进行了分子检测以及全蚀病抗性的室内和田间鉴定。结果表明,转入的TiERF1和RC7基因在转基因小麦中可以遗传和转录;与受体扬麦18相比,5个转TiERF1-RC7小麦株系在整个生育期抗病性显著提高,苗期的全蚀病严重度在10%以下,成熟期的白穗率在13%以下,而扬麦18的严重度为62.98%,白穗率为26.09%。电子显微镜观察结果表明抗病转基因小麦根表的全蚀病原菌菌丝数量及生长势明显低于感病材料。上述结果说明,转入的TiERF1和RC7基因抑制了全蚀病原菌的侵染及在转基因小麦中繁殖,进而提高了转基因小麦对全蚀病的抗性。 | 刘菲 杨丽华 王爱云 刘欣 马小飞 杜丽璞 李盼松 张增艳 马翎健 | 2013 | 作物学报2013，39，11： | 1 |
| 9 | Molecular detection of the powdery mildew resistance genes in winter wheats DH51302 and Shimai 26显示文摘Resistance to powdery mildew is an important trait of interest in many wheat breeding programs. The information on genes conferring resistance to powdery mildew in wheat cultivars is useful in parental selection. Winter wheat breeding line DH51302 derived from Liangxing 99 and cultivar Shimai 26 derived from Jimai 22 showed identical infection patterns against 13 isolates of Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici(Bgt) that causes wheat powdery mildew. DH51302 and Shimai 26 were crossed to a powdery mildew susceptible cultivar Zhongzuo 9504 and the F2:3 families were used in molecular localization of the resistance genes. Fourteen polymorphic markers, which were linked to Pm52 from Liangxing 99, were used to establish the genetic linkage maps for the resistance genes Pm DH51302 and Pm SM26 in DH51302 and Shimai 26, respectively. These genes were placed in the same genetic interval where Pm52 resides. Analysis of gene-linked molecular markers indicated that Pm DH51302 and Pm SM26 differed from other powdery mildew resistance genes on chromosome arm 2 BL, such as Pm6, Pm33, Pm51, Ml Zec1, Ml AB10, and Pm64. Based on the results of reaction patterns to different Bgt isolates and molecular marker localization, together with the pedigree information, DH51302 and Shimai 26 carried the same gene, Pm52, which confers their resistance to powdery mildew. | QU Yun-feng WU Pei-pei HU Jing-huang CHEN Yong-xing SHI Zhan-liang QIU Dan LI Ya-hui ZHANG Hong-jun ZHOU Yang YANG Li LIU Hong-wei ZHU Tong-quan LIU Zhi-yong ZHANGYan-ming LI Hong-jie | 2020 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2020，19，4： | 0 |
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