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| 1 | Expression of CXC chemokine IP-10 in patients with chronic hepatitis B显示文摘BACKGROUND: Chemokines have strong chemoattractant effects and are involved in a variety of immune and inflammatory reactions, such as attracting activated T lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes and natural killer cells via the pathway of G protein-coupled receptors to sites of inflammatory injury and contribute to wound repair. This investigation was designed to assess the levels of chemokine interferon-γ inducible protein-10 (IP-10) and IP-10 mRNA, and the relationship between IP-10 mRNA and HBV-DNA and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in patients with chronic hepatitis B. METHODS: The levels of IP-10 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were kinetically detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The rate of chemokine/GAPDH was regarded as the extreme level of chemokine. The level of IP-10 in serum was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the expression of IP-10 in hepatic biopsy tissue was detected by streptavidin-peroxidase (SP) immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The level of IP-10 mRNA in the PBMCs of patients was 0.7387±0.0768 (lg cDNA/lg GAPDH); it was significantly higher in patients with chronic hepatitis B than that in normal controls (P<0.001). The level of IP-10 in the serum of patients was 660.9±75.5 pg/ml. There was a significant difference between patients with chronic hepatitis B and normal controls (P<0.05). In patients with chronic hepatitis B, the level of IP-10 mRNA in PBMCs was correlated with the IP-10 plasma level(r=0.7312, P<0.001), and the IP-10 plasma level was fairly correlated with the levels of ALT and HBV-DNA plasma (r=0.7235, P<0.001; r=0.7371, P<0.001). IP-10 was found by immunohistochemical analysis to be selectively upregulated on sinusoidal endothelium. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of IP-10 mRNA in PBMCs, IP-10 plasma concentration and the expression of IP-10 in sinusoidal endothelium are all high in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Chemokine IP-10 may play an important role in trafficking inflammatory cells to the local focus in the liver and induce the development of the chronicity of hepatitis B. | Wang, Jian Zhao, Jin-Hong Wang, Ping-Ping Xiang, Gui-Ju | 2008 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2008，7，1： | 36 |
| 2 | Pyrrolizidine alkaloids-induced hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome: Pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis,treatment, and outcomes显示文摘Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (HSOS) can be caused by the intake of pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs). To date, PAs-induced HSOS has not been extensively studied. In view of the difference in etiology of HSOS between the West and China, clinical profiles, imaging findings, treatment, and outcomes of HSOS associated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or oxaliplatin might be hardly extrapolated to PAs-induced HSOS. Reactive metabolites derived from PAs form pyrrole-protein adducts that result in toxic destruction of hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells. PAs-induced HSOS typically manifests as painful hepatomegaly, ascites, and jaundice. Laboratory tests revealed abnormal liver function tests were observed in most of the patients with PAs-induced HSOS. In addition, contrast computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scan show that patients with PAs-induced HSOS have distinct imaging features, which reveal that radiological imaging provides an effective noninvasive method for the diagnosis of PAs-induced HSOS. Liver biopsy and histological examination showed that PAs-induced HSOS displayed distinct features in acute and chronic stages. Therapeutic strategies for PAs-induced HSOS include rigorous fluid management, anticoagulant therapy, glucocorticoids, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, liver transplantation, etc. The aim of this review is to describe the pathogenesis, clinical profiles, diagnostic criteria, treatment, and outcomes of PAs-induced HSOS. | Xiao-Qian Yang Jin Ye Xin Li Qian Li Yu-Hu Song | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，28： | 29 |
| 3 | Comparative study on flow and heat transfer characteristics of sinusoidal and zigzag channel printed circuit heat exchangers显示文摘Printed circuit heat exchangers(PCHEs)are promising candidates for recuperators in supercritical CO2 Brayton cycles.A comparative study is given in this paper on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of PCHEs with sinusoidal and zigzag channels.With mass flow rates of 0.6–1.8 kg/h and the bend angles of 15°–30°,the thermal-hydraulic performance of the PCHEs is discussed.Results show that the sinusoidal channel is superior to the zigzag channel in its comprehensive performance.Larger bend angles result in greater reductions in pressure drop if sinusoidal channels are used instead of zigzag channels and a maximum of 48.4%reduction can be obtained in the considered working conditions.Meanwhile,the inlet sections should be carefully optimized since these sections account for up to 31%and 17%of the total pressure drop in the sinusoidal and zigzag channels,respectively.The corner shape of the zigzag channel can be specially designed to further reduce the pressure drop.The nonuniform density and heat flux distributions in both channels are found to be related to the periodic changes of flow directions and the centrifugal forces should not be ignored when optimizing the sinusoidal and zigzag channels. | WEN Zhe-Xi LV Yi-Gao LI Qing | 2020 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2020，63，4： | 11 |
| 4 | Mechanisms of adaptation of the hepatic vasculature to the deteriorating conditions of blood circulation in liver cirrhosis显示文摘Pub Med, EMBASE, Orphanet, MIDLINE, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library were searched for articles published between 1983 and 2015. Relevant articles were selected by using the following terms: 'Liver cirrhosis', 'Endothelial dysfunction', 'Sinusoidal remodeling', 'Intrahepatic angiogenesis' and 'Pathogenesis of portal hypertension'. Then the reference lists of identified articles were searched for other relevant publications as well. Besides gross hepatic structural disorders related to diffuse fibrosis and formation of regenerative nodules, the complex morphofunctional rearrangement of the hepatic microvascular bed and intrahepatic angiogenesis also play important roles in hemodynamic disturbances in liver cirrhosis. It is characterized by endothelial dysfunction and impaired paracrine interaction between activated stellate hepatocytes and sinusoidal endotheliocytes, sinusoidal remodeling and capillarization, as well as development of the collateral microcirculation. In spite of the fact that complex morphofunctional rearrangement of the hepatic microvascular bed and intrahepatic angiogenesis in liver cirrhosis are the compensatory-adaptive reaction to the deteriorating conditions of blood circulation, they contribute to progression of disease and development of serious complications, in particular, related to portal hypertension.Pub Med,EMBASE,Orphanet,MIDLINE,Google Scholar and Cochrane Library were searched for articles published between 1983 and 2015.Relevant articles were selected by using the following terms:'Liver cirrhosis','Endothelial dysfunction','Sinusoidal remodeling','Intrahepatic angiogenesis'and'Pathogenesis of portal hypertension'.Then the reference lists of identified articles were searched for other relevant publications as well.Besides gross hepatic structural disorders related to diffuse fibrosis and formation of regenerative nodules,the complex morphofunctional rearrangement of the hepatic microvascular bed and intrahepatic angiogenesis also play important roles in hemodynamic disturbances in liver cirrhosis.It is characterized by endothelial dysfunction and impaired paracrine interaction between activated stellate hepatocytes and sinusoidal endotheliocytes,sinusoidal remodeling and capillarization,as well as development of the collateral microcirculation.In spite of the fact that complex morphofunctional rearrangement of the hepatic microvascular bed and intrahepatic angiogenesis in liver cirrhosis are the compensatory-adaptive reaction to the deteriorating conditions of blood circulation,they contribute to progression of disease and development of serious complications,in particular,related to portal hypertension. | Dmitry Victorovich Garbuzenko Nikolay Olegovich Arefyev Dmitry Vladimirovich Belov | 2016 | World Journal of Hepatology2016，8，16： | 11 |
| 5 | Gynura Rhizoma containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids induces the hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome in mice via upregulating fibrosis-related factors显示文摘Recently, hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (HSOS) caused by herbal preparations containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), such as Gynura Rhizoma (Tusanqi), has gained global attention. However, the lack of a reliable and reproducible animal model has greatly hampered mechanistic studies. Therefore, we aimed to establish a reproducible HSOS mouse model and investigate the hepatotoxic mechanism. The model was established by intragastrical administration of Gynura Rhizoma extract, i.e., 1.0 g extract/kg per day (equal to 16.7 g crude drug/kg per day based on extraction rate and 49.1 mg PA/kg per day based on the total PA content in the extract determined) for 40 successive days. Then, the mice were sacrificed, and their blood samples and livers were collected for analyses. Using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Masson staining, scanning electron microscopy imaging, clinical biomarkers, and other assays, we showed that the HSOS was successfully induced in our mouse model. Furthermore, we detected the key factors involved in liver fibrosis in the mice, revealing significantly increased hydroxyproline concentration;elevated expression of a-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) and fibrosis-related genes such as Collagen-1, Collagen-3, Mmp2, M m pl3, Timph Timp3, and Activin, upregulated Smad3 phosphorylation, and increased serum TGF-β levels. Moreover, pro-inflammatory cytokines, including Tnf-a, ll-ip , and 11-6, were also increased in the model. All these results demonstrate the key roles of the TGF-p-Smad3 and inflammatory signaling pathways in this Gynura Rhizoma-induced HSOS mouse model, suggesting that blockade of fibrosis and/or inflammation should be an effective treatment for HSOS. | Fang Zhang Yue Zhou Xiao Yang Ai-zhen Xiong Zheng-tao Wang Li Yang | 2019 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2019，40，6： | 11 |
| 6 | Effects of ethanol on liver sinusoidal endothelial cells-fenestrae of rats显示文摘Important advances have been made in research into the mechanism of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) over the past few years,but the role of liver sinusoidal endothelial cell (LSEC) in ALD has not been elucidated adequately. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of ethanol on fenestrae of LSECs in rats. METHODS: A rat model of alcoholic liver disease was established by means of direct intragastric instillation of ethanol. Fifty-five rats of experimental (35 rats) and control (20) groups were sacrificed at the end of 4,8,12 weeks respectively, and also at the end of 12-week abstinence. After heart perfusion, the liver tissue was fixed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for observation of serial changes of LSEC-fenestrae under a transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: Normal LESC was flat with a nucleus and organelles arranged regularly. The distal cytoplasm displayed as a lamina with many fenestrae, lacking the basement membrane(BM) underneath the endothelium. At the end of 4-week alcohol feeding, the number of fenestrae decreased at the distal cytoplasm in some LSECs, without the formation of the BM underneath the endothelium. At the end of 8 weeks, the number of fenestrae decreased significantly or even disappeared. The BM began to develop incompletely underneath the endothelium, while the active fibroblast appeared. At the end of 12 weeks, the number of fenestrae decreased more significantly and the complete BM could even be seen. But the changes were mostly limited in the single or adjoining sinus, and fibrosis was scarcely formed. At the end of 12-week abstinence, defenestration and formation of the endothelial BM lightened significantly. CONCLUSIONS:Defenestration and formation of the BM in LSECs develop gradually with the chronic stimulation of ethanol. Hepatic sinusoidal capillarization and fibrosis will be seen if their state is more serious. These early changes, i. e., limited and regional defenestration and capillarization may be the basis of alcoholic peri-fibrosis. This kind of he- patic fibrosis is reversible after removal of etiological factors. | Bing-Yuan Wang, Xiao-Hua Ju, Bao-Yu Fu, Jian Zhang and Yan-Xue Cao Department of Gastroenterology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001 , China | 2005 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2005，4，3： | 11 |
| 7 | Reversible sinusoidal obstruction syndrome associated with tacrolimus following liver transplantation显示文摘Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome(SOS), previously known as hepatic veno-occlusive disease, is a rare disorder in solid organ transplant patients, and is an uncommon complication after liver transplantation. Severe SOS with hepatic failure causes considerable mortality. Tacrolimus has been reported to be an offending agent, which potentially plays a role in the pathophysiological process of SOS. SOS due to tacrolimus has been reported in lung and pancreatic transplantations, but has never been described in a liver transplant recipient. Herein, we present a case of SOS after liver transplantation, which was possibly related to tacrolimus. A 27-year-old man developed typical symptoms of SOS with painful hepatomegaly, ascites and jaundice after liver transplantation, which regressed following withdrawal of tacrolimus. By excluding other possible predisposing factors, we concluded that tacrolimus was the most likely cause of SOS. | Tian Shen Xiao-Wen Feng Lei Geng Shu-Sen Zheng | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，20： | 10 |
| 8 | Parameter estimation of sinusoidal signals by using principle of signal matched-phase显示文摘A method for estimating frequency, amplitude and phase of a sinusoidal signal is presented based on the principle of signal matched-phase. The formulae for estimating signal parameters are derived, and the algorithm of searching for signal parameters is also given in the case where the signal frequency is unknown. The algorithm is simple and time_saving. The simulation results show that this new method is valid. | ZHU Weijie , SUN Yiyuan, SUN Jincai and LI Zhishun(College of Marine Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China) | 2002 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2002，12，4： | 10 |
| 9 | Buckling behavior of pipes in oil and gas wells | GAO Deli LIU Fengwu XU Bingye | 2002 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2002，12，2： | 4 |
| 10 | Preoperative administration of bevacizumab is safe for patients with colorectal liver metastases显示文摘AIM:To assess the impact of preoperative neoadjuvant bevacizumab(Bev)on the outcome of patients undergoing resection for colorectal liver metastases(CLM). METHODS:Eligible trials were identified from Medline, Embase,Ovid,and the Cochrane database.The data were analyzed with fixed-effects or random-effects models using Review Manager version 5.0. RESULTS:Thirteen nonrandomized studies with a total of 1431 participants were suitable for meta-analysis. There was no difference in overall morbidity and severe complications between the Bev+group and Bev-group (43.3%vs 36.8%,P=0.06;17.1%vs 11.4%,P=0.07,respectively).Bev-related complications including wound and thromboembolic/bleeding events were also similar in the Bev+and Bev-groups(14.4%vs 8.1%, P=0.21;4.1%vs 3.8%,P=0.98,respectively).The incidence and severity of sinusoidal dilation were lower in patients treated with Bev than in patients treated without Bev(43.3%vs 63.7%,P<0.001;16.8%vs 46.5%,P<0.00,respectively). CONCLUSION:Bev can be safely administered before hepatic resection in patients with CLM,and has a protective effect against hepatic injury in patients treated with oxaliplatin chemotherapy. | De-Bang Li Feng Ye Xiu-Rong Wu Lu-Peng Wu Jing-Xi Chen Bin Li Yan-Ming Zhou | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，5： | 4 |
| 11 | Hepatic histopathology and postoperative outcome after preoperative chemotherapy for Chinese patients with colorectal liver metastases显示文摘AIM: To assess the effects of preoperative treatment on the hepatic histology of non-tumoral liver and the postoperative outcome. METHODS: One hundred and six patients underwent hepatic resection for colorectal metastases between 1999 and 2009. The surgical specimens were reviewed with established criteria for diagnosis and grading of pathological hepatic injury. The impact of preoperative therapy on liver injury and postoperative outcome was analyzed.alone, whereas 42 patients (39.6%) received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 11 (10.4%) patients received preoperative hepatic artery infusion (HAI). Chemotherapy included oxaliplatin-based regimens (31.1%) and irinotecan-based regimens (8.5%). On histopathological analysis, 16 patients (15.1%) had steatosis, 31 (29.2%) had sinusoidal dilation and 20 patients (18.9%) had steatohepatitis. Preoperative oxaliplatin was associated with sinusoidal dilation compared with surgery alone (42.4% vs 20.8%, P = 0.03); however, the perioperative complication rate was not significantly different between the oxaliplatin group and surgery group (27.3% vs 13.2%, P = 0.1). HAI was associated with more steatosis, sinusoidal dilation and steatohepatitis than the surgery group, with higher perioperative morbidity (36.4% vs 13.2%, P = 0.06) and mortality (9.1% vs 0% P = 0.02). CONCLUSION: Preoperative oxaliplatin was associated with sinusoidal dilation compared with surgery alone. However, the preoperative oxaliplatin had no significant impact on perioperative outcomes. HAI can cause pathological changes and tends to increase perioperative morbidity and mortality. | Qi-Ying Lu Ai-Lian Zhao Wei Deng Zhong-Wu Li Lin Shen | 2013 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2013，5，3： | 3 |
| 12 | An Energy Efficient Motion Controller Based on SLCP for the Electrically Actuated Quadruped Robot显示文摘Energy efficiency has been the focus of quadruped robot research.Decreasing the energy loss caused by the DC motor can contribute to the walking efficiency of electrically actuated quadruped robots.Most works have focused on the quadruped mechanisms or actuations such as the Series Elastic Actuation(SEA).This work proposes a better efficient controller to perform the stable 5 m·s-1 movements of quadruped robots.The dynamic model of the electrically actuated leg is established by Lagrangian formulation.The energy efficiency of the DC motors in the electrically actuated quadruped robot is formulated as an optimization problem.The Stochastic Linear Complementarity Problem(SLCP)and sinusoidal pulse force are proposed to reduce the energy consumption at the contact.The Bemstein polynomials are used for planning a quasi-elliptic foot motion trajectory.The stability and energy efficiency of the proposed controller are verified with computer simulation and an actual single leg robot prototype.Compared with other works,the proposed controller performs the optimal Cost of Transport(COT). | Tianfa Li Lelai Zhou Yibin Li Hui Chai Kun Yang | 2020 | Journal of Bionic Engineering2020，17，2： | 3 |
| 13 | Protective effects of N-acetylcysteine on brain-dead rat liver显示文摘BACKGROUND: Brain-dead donors have been the main sources in organ transplantation. But many studies show that brain-death affects the organ’s function after transplantation. This study was undertaken to investigate liver injury after brain-death in rats and the protective effects of N-acetyleysteine (NAC) on liver injury. METHODS: A total of 30 Wistar rats were randomized into 3 groups: normal control group (C), brain-dead group (B), and NAC pretreatment group (N). At 4 hours after the establishment of a brain-dead model, serum was collected to determine the levels of ALT, AST, TNF-αand hyaluronic acid (HA). Hepatic tissue was obtained for electron microscopic examination. RESULTS: At 4 hours, the levels of ALT, AST, TNF-a, and HA in group N were significantly higher than those in group C, but these parameters were significantly lower than those in group B. Electron microscopy showed activated Kupffer cells, denuded sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs), and widened fenestration in group B, but eliminated activation of Kupffer cells and intact SECs in group N. CONCLUSION: Brain death can cause liver injury, and N-acetyleysteine can protect the liver from the injury. | Shui-Jun Zhang,Ting-Wu Ma,Xiu-Xian Ma, Jian-Jun Gou, Ji-Hua Shi and Wen-Zhi Guo Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery , and Department of Transplantation Surgery ,First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China | 2006 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2006，5，3： | 2 |
| 14 | Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome: A systematic review of etiologies,clinical symptoms, and magnetic resonance imaging features显示文摘BACKGROUND Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) is a kind of rare liver disease which is characterized by damage to small hepatic vessels, affecting particularly the sinusoidal endothelium. Due to the special etiology and high mortality, early diagnosis of SOS is significant for clinical survival and prognosis. AIM To generalize the common etiologies and clinical symptoms of SOS and summarize the characteristic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features so as to provide more valuable information for early diagnosis of SOS. METHOD We searched PubMed, Web of science, Wanfang Data, China Knowledge Resource Integrated, VIP, and Cochrane Library databases without a limiting period and the types of articles. The search process mainly revolved around the etiologies, common clinical symptoms, and MRI imaging features of SOS. Ultimately, 29 full articles were included in this review and 222 articles were excluded. RESULTS Eleven case reports included 13 patients. The etiologies of these patients including chemotherapy (5/13), medicinal herbs containing pyrrolidine alkaloids (PAs, e.g. Tusanqi)(4/13), hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT)(2/13), drug toxicity (6-thioguanine)(1/13), and “poppers”, a recreational drug used during anal intercourse (1/13). Eighteen case series including 497 patients, and SOS in 465 (93.6%) patients was caused by PAs. Ascites, abdominal pain and swelling, jaundice were the most common clinical symptoms. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), total bilirubin (TBil), direct bilirubin (DBil), and prothrombin time (PT) had varying degrees of elevation.Heterogeneous signals on T1 weighted imaging/T2 weighted imaging (T1WI/T2WI), heterogeneous enhancement of liver parenchyma, ascites, hepatomegaly, narrowing and blurring of intrahepatic inferior vena cava and three main hepatic veins, edema around the portal vein, and gallbladder wall edema were the most common MRI imaging features of SOS. CONCLUSION In the West, SOS was mostly secondary to HSCT. Some SOS developed in the process of chemotherapy for hepatic metastatic tumor. A few SOS were caused by toxicity of certain drugs. In the East, Tusanqi was a major cause of SOS. Ascites, abdominal pain and swelling, jaundice were the common clinical symptoms. Elevations of ALT, AST, GGT, ALP, TBil, and DBil could be used as predictors of liver function damage. Numerous characteristic MRI imaging features could provide more valuable information for early diagnosis of SOS. | Yun Zhang Han-Yu Jiang Yi Wei Bin Song | 2019 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2019，7，18： | 2 |
| 15 | Effects of viscosity on shock-induced damping of an initial sinusoidal disturbance显示文摘A lack of reliable data treatment method has been for several decades the bottleneck of viscosity measurement by disturbance amplitude damping method of shock waves.In this work the finite difference method is firstly applied to obtain the numerical solutions for disturbance amplitude damping behavior of sinusoidal shock front in inviscid and viscous flow.When water shocked to 15 GPa is taken as an example,the main results are as follows:(1) For inviscid and lower viscous flows the numerical method gives results in good agreement with the analytic solutions under the condition of small disturbance(a0/λ=0.02);(2) For the flow of viscosity beyond 200 Pa s(η=κ) the analytic solution is found to overestimate obviously the effects of viscosity.It is attributed to the unreal pre-conditions of analytic solution by Miller and Ahrens;(3) The present numerical method provides an effective tool with more confidence to overcome the bottleneck of data treatment when the effects of higher viscosity in experiments of Sakharov and flyer impact are expected to be analyzed,because it can in principle simulate the development of shock waves in flows with larger disturbance amplitude,higher viscosity,and complicated initial flow. | MA XiaoJuan1,LIU FuSheng1 & JING FuQian2 1 College of Physical Science and Technology,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China 2 Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics Research,Institute of Fluid Physics,Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621900,China | 2010 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2010，53，5： | 2 |
| 16 | Is porto sinusoidal vascular disease to be actively searched in patients with portal vein thrombosis?显示文摘Porto sinusoidal vascular liver disease (PSVD) and portal vein thrombosis (PVT) are distinct vascular liver diseases characterized, respectively, by an intrahepatic and a prehepatic obstacle to the flow in the liver portal system. PVT may also occur as a complication of the natural history of PSVD, especially if a prothrombotic condition coexists. In other cases, it is associated to local and systemic pro-thrombotic conditions, even if its cause remains unknown in up to 25% despite an active search. In our opinion, the presence of PSVD should be suspected in patients with PVT especially in those with PVT “sine causa” and the active search of this condition should be included in their diagnostic work-out. However, sometimes the diagnosis of pre-existing PSVD is very hard. Biopsy cannot be fully discriminant as similar histological data have been described in both conditions. Liver stiffness may help as it has been shown to be higher in PSVD than in “pure” PVT, due to the presence of sclerosis in the portal venous radicles observable in PSVD patients. Nevertheless, comparing liver stiffness between PVT and PSVD has until now been restricted to very limited series of patients. In conclusion, even if it is still totally hypothetical, our point of view may have clinical consequences, especially when deciding to perform a liver biopsy in patients with a higher liver stiffness and suspending the anticoagulation in patients with PVT and no detectable prothrombotic factors. | Stefania Gioia Silvia Nardelli Lorenzo Ridola Giulia d’Amati Oliviero Riggio | 2019 | World Journal of Hepatology2019，11，8： | 2 |
| 17 | Presence of disease specific autoantibodies against liver sinusoidal cells in primary biliary cirrhosis显示文摘AIM: To investigate the presence of autoantibodies directed against liver sinusoidal cells in primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC).METHODS: Liver biopsies from 21 PBC patients were studied and compared with 12 liver biopsies from disease controls [3 patients with hepatitis B(HBV) virus,3 patients with hepatitis C virus(HCV), 3 patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and 3 patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis(AAH)]. As healthy controls, we used tissue specimens adjacent to metastatic liver adenocarcinoma. Normal serum was taken from staff members of the unit. The determination of the cell type targetedby autoantibodies present in the patients sera was performed by indirect immunofluorescence(IIF) analysis using paraffin-embedded liver sections as a substrate.Sera from homologous or heterologous PBC patients or sera from the disease control group were used as primary antibodies. The presence of autoantibodies was identified using confocal microscopy.RESULTS: In total, 18/21(85.7%) PBC patients exhibited positive staining in the sinusoidal cells, 10/21(47.6%) in lymphocytes, 8/21(38%) in cholangiocytes and 7/21(33.3%) in hepatocytes, when homologous serum and fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated immunoglobulin type G(IgG) secondary antibody were used. PBC sections incubated with heterologous PBC serum showed reduced staining(20% for sinusoidal cells, 20% for lymphocytes, 20% for cholangiocytes and 13.3% for hepatocytes). When IgM immunoglobulin, instead of IgG, was used as secondary antibody,positive staining was observed in 75% of lymphocytes,62.5% of cholangiocytes, 37.5% of hepatocytes and50% of the sinusoidal cells with a much stronger staining intensity. No staining was observed when either normal or PBC sera were used as a primary antibody on liver sections from the disease control group. When PBC sera were incubated with healthy control sections,weak positive staining of cholangiocytes was observed in 3/21(14.3%) PBC serum samples. Steatohepatitis serum on PBC sections gave a positive staining of some hepatocytes and lymphocytes but no staining on viral hepatitis sections. Incubation with HBV sera stained some hepatocytes, cholangiocytes and intra-sinusoidal or portal lymphocytes of PBC, HBV and AAH patients but not HCV patients.CONCLUSION: In this study, for the first time in diseased liver tissue, we have demonstrated that a large proportion of PBC patients have disease specific autoantibodies against liver sinusoidal cells. | Ourania Sfakianaki Maria Tzardi Argyro Voumvouraki Aikaterini Afgoustaki Meri Koulentaki Elias Kouroumalis | 2013 | World Journal of Hepatology2013，5，10： | 2 |
| 18 | Matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the initial injury after hepatectomy in mice显示文摘AIM:To investigate the role of matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-9 in the pathogenesis of postoperative liver failure(PLF) after extended hepatectomy(EH).METHODS:An insufficient volume of the remnant liver(RL) results in higher morbidity and mortality,and a murine model with 80%-hepatectomy was used.All investigations were performed 6 h after EH.Mice were first divided into two groups based on the postoperative course(i.e.,the PLF caused or did not),and MMP-9 expression was measured by Western blotting.The source of MMP-9 was then determined by immunohistological stainings.Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase(TIMP)-1 is the endogenous inhibitor of MMP-9,and MMP-9 behavior was assessed by the experiments in wild-type,MMP-9(-/-) and TIMP-1(-/-) mice by Western blotting and gelatin zymography.The behavior of neutrophils was also assessed by immunohistological stainings.An anti-MMP-9 monoclonal antibody and a broadspectrum MMP inhibitor were used to examine the role of MMP-9.RESULTS:Symptomatic mice showed more severe PLF(histopathological assessments:2.97 ± 0.92 vs 0.11 ± 0.08,P < 0.05) and a higher expression of MMP-9(71085 ± 18274 vs 192856 ± 22263,P < 0.01).Nonnative leukocytes appeared to be the main source of MMP-9,because MMP-9 expression corresponding with CD11b positive-cell was observed in the findings of immunohistological stainings.In the histopathological findings,the PLF was improved in MMP-9(-/-) mice(1.65% ± 0.23% vs 0.65% ± 0.19%,P < 0.01) and it was worse in TIMP-1(-/-) mice(1.65% ± 0.23% vs 1.78% ± 0.31%,P < 0.01).Moreover,neutrophil migration was disturbed in MMP-9(-/-) mice in the immunohistological stainings.Two methods of MMP-9 inhibition revealed reduced PLF,and neutrophil migration was strongly disturbed in MMP-9-blocked mice in the histopathological assessments(9.6 ± 1.9 vs 4.2 ± 1.2,P < 0.05,and 9.9 ± 1.5 vs 5.7 ± 1.1,P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:MMP-9 is important for the process of PLF.The initial injury is associated with MMP-9 derived from neutrophils,and MMP-9 blockade reduces PLF.MMP-9 may be a potential target to prevent PLF after EH and to overcome an insufficient RL. | Norifumi Ohashi Tomohide Hori Florence Chen Sura Jermanus Akimasa Nakao Shinji Uemoto Justin H Nguyen | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，20： | 1 |
| 19 | Endothelial Notch activation promotes neutrophil transmigration via downregulating endomucin to aggravate hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury显示文摘Inflammatory leukocytes infiltration is orchestrated by mechanisms involving chemokines,selectins,addressins and other adhesion molecules derived from endothelial cells(ECs),but how they respond to inflammatory cues and coordinate leukocyte transmigration remain elusive.In this study,using hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury(HIRI)as a model,we identified that endothelial Notch activation was rapidly and dynamically induced in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells(LSECs)in acute inflammation.In mice with EC-specific Notch activation(NICeCA),HIRI induced exacerbated liver damage.Consistently,endothelial Notch activation enhanced neutrophil infiltration and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αexpression in HIRI.Transcriptome analysis and further qRT-PCR as well as immunofluorescence indicated that endomucin(EMCN),a negative regulator of leukocyte adhesion,was downregulated in LSECs from NICeCA mice.EMCN was downregulated during HIRI in wild-type mice and in vitro cultured ECs insulted by hypoxia/re-oxygenation injury.Notch activation in ECs led to increased neutrophil adhesion and transendothelial migration,which was abrogated by EMCN overexpression in vitro.In mice deficient of RBPj,the integrative transcription factor of canonical Notch signaling,although overwhelming sinusoidal malformation aggravated HIRI,the expression of EMCN was upregulated;and pharmaceutical Notch blockade in vitro also upregulated EMCN and inhibited transendothelial migration of neutrophils.The Notch activation-exaggerated HIRI was compromised by blocking LFA-1,which mediated leukocyte adherence by associating with EMCN.Therefore,endothelial Notch signaling controls neutrophil transmigration via EMCN to modulate acute inflammation in HIRI. | Peiran Zhang Kangyi Yue Xinli Liu Xianchun Yan Ziyan Yang Juanli Duan Congcong Xia Xinyuan Xu Mei Zhang Liang Liang Lin Wang Hua Han | 2020 | Science China(Life Sciences)2020，63，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Application of Cochlear Model in Speech Analysis/Synthesis Using Sinusoidal Representation显示文摘A sinusoidal representation of speech and a cochlear model are used to extract speech parameters in this paper, and a speech analysis/synthesis system controlled by the auditory spectrum is developed with the model. The computer simulation shows that speech can be synthesized with only 12 parameters per frame on the average. The method has the advantages of few parameters, low complexity and high performance of speech representation. The synthetic speech has high intelligibility. | Yuan Jingxian Wan Wanggen Yu Xiaoqing (School of Communication & Information Engineering, Shanghai University) | 1999 | Advances in Manufacturing1999，，1： | 1 |
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